TED2009
Cameron Sinclair: The refugees of boom-and-bust
Cameron Sinclair : Para pengungsi dari kemajuan-dan-kebangkrutan
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Pada TEDGlobal U, Cameron Sinclair menunjukkan biaya tak terlaporkan dari megaproyek-megaproyek real estat yang bangkrut: ribuan pekerja konstruksi migran ditinggalkan terlunta-lunta dan tanpa uang. Untuk para arsitek sejawatnya, dia berkata hanya ada satu respons etis.
Cameron Sinclair - Co-founder, Architecture for Humanity
2006 TED Prize winner Cameron Sinclair is co-founder of Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that seeks architecture solutions to global crises -- and acts as a conduit between the design community and the world's humanitarian needs. Full bio
2006 TED Prize winner Cameron Sinclair is co-founder of Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that seeks architecture solutions to global crises -- and acts as a conduit between the design community and the world's humanitarian needs. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
A few years ago, my eyes were opened
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Beberapa tahun lalu mata saya terbuka
00:21
to the dark side of the construction industry.
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terhadap sisi gelap dari industri konstruksi.
00:24
In 2006, young Qatari students
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Pada tahun 2006, mahasiswa-mahasiswa Qatar muda
00:27
took me to go and see the migrant worker camps.
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membawa saya pergi dan melihat kamp-kamp pekerja migran
00:29
And since then I've followed the unfolding issue of worker rights.
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Dan sejak itu saya mengikuti isu yang berkembang tentang hak-hak pekerja.
00:34
In the last six months, more than 300 skyscrapers
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Pada enam bulan terakhir, lebih dari 300 gedung pencakar langit
00:36
in the UAE have been put on hold or canceled.
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di UEA telah ditunda pembangunannya atau dibatalkan.
00:39
Behind the headlines that lay behind these buildings
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Di belakang berita utama yang menjadi latar bangunan-bangunan tersebut
00:42
is the fate of the often-indentured construction worker.
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adalah nasib dari pekerja konstruksi yang seringkali berada dalam kontrak
00:46
1.1 million of them.
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1,1 juta dari mereka.
00:48
Mainly Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan
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Kebanyakan warga India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka,
00:51
and Nepalese, these laborers risk everything
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dan Nepal, para pekerja ini menjalani semua resiko
00:53
to make money for their families back home.
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untuk mencari nafkah untuk keluarga-keluarga mereka di rumah.
00:56
They pay a middle-man thousands of dollars to be there.
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Mereka membayar seorang calo ribuan dollar untuk berada di sana.
00:58
And when they arrive, they find themselves in labor camps with no water,
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Dan ketika mereka tiba, mereka menemukan diri mereka dalam kamp-kamp pekerja tanpa air,
01:02
no air conditioning, and their passports taken away.
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tanpa pendingin ruangan, dan paspor-paspor mereka diambil.
01:06
While it's easy to point the finger at local officials and higher authorities,
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Sementara adalah mudah untuk menuding aparat lokal dan pejabat tinggi,
01:10
99 percent of these people are hired by the private sector,
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99 persen dari orang-orang ini disewa oleh sektor swasta.
01:14
and so therefore we're equally, if not more, accountable.
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Dan karenanya kita secara serupa, jika tidak lebih, bertanggungjawab.
01:17
Groups like Buildsafe UAE have emerged,
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Kelompok-kelompok seperti Buildsafe UAE telah muncul.
01:20
but the numbers are simply overwhelming.
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Tetapi jumlahnya benar-benar mencengangkan.
01:22
In August 2008,
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Pada bulan Agustus 2008,
01:24
UAE public officials noted
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aparat publik UAE mencatat
01:26
that 40 percent of the country's 1,098 labor camps
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bahwa 40 persen dari 1098 kamp pekerja di negara tersebut
01:30
had violated minimum health and fire safety regulations.
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telah melanggar peraturan-peraturan minimum keselamatan kesehatan dan kebakaran.
01:33
And last summer, more than 10,000 workers
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Dan musim panas lalu, lebih dari 10.000 pekerja
01:36
protested for the non-payment of wages,
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berdemo karena gajinya tidak dibayarkan,
01:39
for the poor quality of food, and inadequate housing.
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karena kualitas makanan yang buruk, dan perumahan yang tidak memadai.
01:42
And then the financial collapse happened.
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Dan kemudian keruntuhan finansial terjadi.
01:45
When the contractors have gone bust,
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Ketika para kontraktor bangkrut,
01:47
as they've been overleveraged like everyone else,
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karena mereka terlalu banyak mempunyai hutang seperti orang-orang lainnya,
01:49
the difference is everything goes missing,
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perbedaannya adalah segalanya menghilang,
01:52
documentation, passports,
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dokumentasi, paspor-paspor,
01:54
and tickets home for these workers.
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dan tiket pulang ke rumah untuk pekerja-pekerja ini.
01:56
Currently, right now, thousands of workers are abandoned.
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Saat ini, tepat detik ini, ribuan pekerja terabaikan.
02:00
There is no way back home.
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Tidak ada jalan pulang.
02:02
And there is no way, and no proof of arrival.
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Dan tidak ada jalan, dan tidak ada bukti kedatangan.
02:05
These are the boom-and-bust refugees.
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Mereka adalah para pengungsi kemajuan-dan-kebangkrutan
02:08
The question is, as a building professional,
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Pertanyaannya adalah, sebagai seorang profesional bangunan,
02:11
as an architect, an engineer, as a developer,
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sebagai seorang arsitek, seorang insinyur, sebagai seorang pengembang,
02:13
if you know this is going on,
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jika anda tahu ini terjadi,
02:15
as we go to the sights every single week,
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sebagaimana kami pergi ke tempat-tempat itu setiap minggu,
02:18
are you complacent or complicit
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apakah anda akan diam saja atau aktif terlibat
02:20
in the human rights violations?
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dalam pelanggaran hak-hak asasi manusia?
02:22
So let's forget your environmental footprint.
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Jadi marilah lupakan jejak lingkungan anda.
02:25
Let's think about your ethical footprint.
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Mari pikirkan tentang jejak etis anda.
02:27
What good is it
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Apalah gunanya
02:30
to build a zero-carbon, energy efficient complex,
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membangun suatu kompleks yang bebas karbon dan efisien energi,
02:33
when the labor producing this architectural gem
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ketika pekerja yang menghasilkan permata arsitektur ini
02:36
is unethical at best?
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diperlakukan sangat tidak etis?
02:39
Now, recently I've been told I've been taking the high road.
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Sekarang, baru-baru ini saya diberitahu bahwa saya telah mengambil jalan yang sukar.
02:41
But, quite frankly, on this issue,
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Tetapi, sejujurnya, pada isu ini,
02:43
there is no other road.
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tidak ada jalan lain.
02:45
So let's not forget who is really paying the price of this financial collapse.
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Jadi marilah jangan kita lupakan siapa yang sesungguhnya membayar harga keruntuhan finansial ini.
02:49
And that as we worry about our next job in the office,
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Dan ketika kita mengkhawatirkan tentang pekerjaan berikut kita di kantor,
02:52
the next design that we can get, to keep our workers.
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desain berikutnya yang dapat kita peroleh, untuk menjaga para pekerja kita.
02:56
Let's not forget these men, who are truly dying to work.
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Marilah jangan kita lupakan orang-orang ini, yang benar-benar setengah mati untuk bekerja.
02:59
Thank you.
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Terima kasih.
03:01
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Cameron Sinclair - Co-founder, Architecture for Humanity2006 TED Prize winner Cameron Sinclair is co-founder of Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that seeks architecture solutions to global crises -- and acts as a conduit between the design community and the world's humanitarian needs.
Why you should listen
After training as an architect, Cameron Sinclair (then age 24) joined Kate Stohr to found Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that helps architects apply their skills to humanitarian efforts. Starting with just $700 and a simple web site in 1999, AFH has grown into an international hub for humanitarian design, offering innovative solutions to housing problems in all corners of the globe.
Whether rebuilding earthquake-ravaged Bam in Iran, designing a soccer field doubling as an HIV/AIDS clinic in Africa, housing refugees on the Afghan border, or helping Katrina victims rebuild, Architecture for Humanity works by Sinclair's mantra: "Design like you give a damn." (Sinclair and Stohr cowrote a book by the same name, released in 2006.)
A regular contributor to the sustainability blog Worldchanging.com, Sinclair is now working on the Open Architecture Network, born from the wish he made when he accepted the 2006 TED Prize: to build a global, open-source network where architects, governments and NGOs can share and implement design plans to house the world.
Cameron Sinclair | Speaker | TED.com