TED2009
Cameron Sinclair: The refugees of boom-and-bust
キャメロンシンクラー：一時的な活状の難民
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TEDGlobal U にて、キャメロン＝シンクレアが巨大不動産プロジェクトの知られざる費用の消失について説明します：何千もの移民建設労働者が無一文の状態で立ち往生しています。他の建築家に向かって、倫理的な対応しかすることは無いと述べます。
Cameron Sinclair - Co-founder, Architecture for Humanity
2006 TED Prize winner Cameron Sinclair is co-founder of Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that seeks architecture solutions to global crises -- and acts as a conduit between the design community and the world's humanitarian needs. Full bio
2006 TED Prize winner Cameron Sinclair is co-founder of Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that seeks architecture solutions to global crises -- and acts as a conduit between the design community and the world's humanitarian needs. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
A few years ago, my eyes were opened
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２、３年前、私の関心は、
00:21
to the dark side of the construction industry.
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建築業界の暗部へ向けられました
00:24
In 2006, young Qatari students
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2006年に、カタールの若い学生が
00:27
took me to go and see the migrant worker camps.
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私を出稼ぎ労働者のキャンプへ連れて行ってくれました
00:29
And since then I've followed the unfolding issue of worker rights.
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それ以来私は労働者権利の知られざる問題点を追跡調査し続けています
00:34
In the last six months, more than 300 skyscrapers
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ここ半年間、アラブ首長国連邦の
00:36
in the UAE have been put on hold or canceled.
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300以上の超高層ビルに延期や、キャンセルが続いています
00:39
Behind the headlines that lay behind these buildings
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それらのビルの大見出しの裏に隠れて
00:42
is the fate of the often-indentured construction worker.
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頻繁に抑圧される建設労働者の運命があります
00:46
1.1 million of them.
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110万人の人々です
00:48
Mainly Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan
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主にインド人、パキスタン人、スリランカ人、
00:51
and Nepalese, these laborers risk everything
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そしてネパール人の労働者が全てのリスクを負います
00:53
to make money for their families back home.
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彼らの家族へお金を送金するために
00:56
They pay a middle-man thousands of dollars to be there.
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彼らはそこに来るために、何千ドルというお金を中間業者へ払っています
00:58
And when they arrive, they find themselves in labor camps with no water,
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そして到着して気がつくと労働者キャンプの中にいて、水もなく、
01:02
no air conditioning, and their passports taken away.
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エアコンもなく、パスポートも取り上げられます
01:06
While it's easy to point the finger at local officials and higher authorities,
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地方の役人や更に上の当局を責めるのは簡単ですが、
01:10
99 percent of these people are hired by the private sector,
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これら労働者の99%が民間企業に雇われています
01:14
and so therefore we're equally, if not more, accountable.
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だからそれ故に、我々にも少なくとも同じぐらいの責任があるのです
01:17
Groups like Buildsafe UAE have emerged,
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Buildsafe UAE のような団体が現れてきています
01:20
but the numbers are simply overwhelming.
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しかし、労働者の数はとにかく圧倒的です
01:22
In August 2008,
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2008年8月、
01:24
UAE public officials noted
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アラブ首長国連邦政府は
01:26
that 40 percent of the country's 1,098 labor camps
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国内の1098の労働者キャンプの40％が
01:30
had violated minimum health and fire safety regulations.
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最低限の衛生と火災基準に違反していると指摘しました
01:33
And last summer, more than 10,000 workers
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そして昨年の夏、１万人以上の人々が
01:36
protested for the non-payment of wages,
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賃金未払いと、
01:39
for the poor quality of food, and inadequate housing.
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食料の質が悪いこと、住環境が悪いことに異議を申し立てました
01:42
And then the financial collapse happened.
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その上、金融危機が起こりました
01:45
When the contractors have gone bust,
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請負業者が倒産した時、
01:47
as they've been overleveraged like everyone else,
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他の皆と同じように借入金で投機させられていたので、
01:49
the difference is everything goes missing,
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その影響により、全てが失われます
01:52
documentation, passports,
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契約書も、パスポートも、
01:54
and tickets home for these workers.
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労働者達が家に帰るためのチケットも
01:56
Currently, right now, thousands of workers are abandoned.
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今この時にも、何千もの労働者が見捨てられています
02:00
There is no way back home.
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家に帰る方法が無いのです
02:02
And there is no way, and no proof of arrival.
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どうする術もなく、それがやって来る保障もありません
02:05
These are the boom-and-bust refugees.
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一時的な活状の難民なのです
02:08
The question is, as a building professional,
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問題は、建築の専門家として、
02:11
as an architect, an engineer, as a developer,
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建築家、技術者、開発者として、
02:13
if you know this is going on,
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あなたが仮にもこの状況を見知っており、
02:15
as we go to the sights every single week,
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毎週この現場に行っているのなら、
02:18
are you complacent or complicit
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無視を決め込んだり
02:20
in the human rights violations?
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人権侵害に加担して良いのでしょうか？
02:22
So let's forget your environmental footprint.
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さて、環境的なことは置いておいて
02:25
Let's think about your ethical footprint.
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倫理的な側面について考えていきましょう
02:27
What good is it
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無炭素でエネルギー効率の良い素材を作ることの
02:30
to build a zero-carbon, energy efficient complex,
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いったいどこが善いことなのでしょうか？
02:33
when the labor producing this architectural gem
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この高層建築群を作っている労働者が、
02:36
is unethical at best?
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よく言っても非倫理的な状況下に置かれているというのに
02:39
Now, recently I've been told I've been taking the high road.
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最近、あなたは崇高すぎる道を選んでいると言われてます
02:41
But, quite frankly, on this issue,
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でも、かなり率直に言って、この問題に関して、
02:43
there is no other road.
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他の道は無いのです
02:45
So let's not forget who is really paying the price of this financial collapse.
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誰が本当に金融危機の代償を支払っているかを忘れないでください
02:49
And that as we worry about our next job in the office,
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そして、次の仕事のことについて職場で悩むように、
02:52
the next design that we can get, to keep our workers.
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労働者を守るための仕組みを考えて下さい
02:56
Let's not forget these men, who are truly dying to work.
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本当に働きたがっている彼らのことを忘れないでください
02:59
Thank you.
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ありがとうございました
03:01
(Applause)
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（拍手）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Cameron Sinclair - Co-founder, Architecture for Humanity2006 TED Prize winner Cameron Sinclair is co-founder of Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that seeks architecture solutions to global crises -- and acts as a conduit between the design community and the world's humanitarian needs.
Why you should listen
After training as an architect, Cameron Sinclair (then age 24) joined Kate Stohr to found Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that helps architects apply their skills to humanitarian efforts. Starting with just $700 and a simple web site in 1999, AFH has grown into an international hub for humanitarian design, offering innovative solutions to housing problems in all corners of the globe.
Whether rebuilding earthquake-ravaged Bam in Iran, designing a soccer field doubling as an HIV/AIDS clinic in Africa, housing refugees on the Afghan border, or helping Katrina victims rebuild, Architecture for Humanity works by Sinclair's mantra: "Design like you give a damn." (Sinclair and Stohr cowrote a book by the same name, released in 2006.)
A regular contributor to the sustainability blog Worldchanging.com, Sinclair is now working on the Open Architecture Network, born from the wish he made when he accepted the 2006 TED Prize: to build a global, open-source network where architects, governments and NGOs can share and implement design plans to house the world.
Cameron Sinclair | Speaker | TED.com