Michel Dugon: The secrets of spider venom
미셸 듀공(Michel Dugon): 거미 독의 비밀
Michel Dugon researches the potential of spider venom as a source of novel therapeutic agents. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
that are very happy to be up there now.
지금 위쪽에 계셔서 행복하신가 봐요.
is the incarnation of terror, really.
실제로 공포의 화신입니다.
feat of bioengineering.
생명 공학의 굉장한 위업입니다.
to all those creatures
since the beginning of time;
that have managed to have offspring
until this day.
started to evolve on this planet.
진화하기 시작했습니다.
to become what they are now:
4억 3천만 년이 걸렸죠.
가장 진화한 포식자들이요.
to give a speech
I have to say.
소피를 비롯한
to all those ruthless battles
consistently by all our ancestors,
every single one of you,
one-billion-years-old success story.
to what she has in her chest,
가슴 안에 있는 것 덕분이죠.
that are attached to a pair of fangs,
한 쌍의 독선을 가지고 있습니다.
and without this venom,
managed to survive.
venom systems in order to survive.
독 체계를 진화시켜 왔습니다.
of chemical compounds.
화학 물질로 만들어진 독이죠.
have evolved purely for one purpose:
오직 한가지 목적으로 진화해 왔습니다.
결국에는 죽이려는 목적에서요.
in many different ways.
할 수 있습니다.
pains that you've never felt before.
고통을 느끼게 할 수 있죠.
your heart stop within minutes,
몇 분 만에 멈추게 하거나
almost instantly,
your flesh away, like acid.
부식시킬 수도 있습니다.
gruesome stories, I know,
강력한 화합물을 채취해서
all those super powerful compounds
사용할 수 있다면
produce new antibiotics with those venoms?
새로운 항생제를 만들 수 있다면요?
that are suffering from diabetes
are already being developed
이 순간에도 세계 도처에서
everywhere around the world, as I speak.
이런 응용법을 개발하고 있답니다.
regularly with a medication
독사의 독에서 개발해낸 약으로
by a South American viper.
can be monitored using, actually,
관리받을 수 있고요.
by a lizard from North America.
마취제로 사용하는
a marine snail for anesthetics.
library of chemical compounds
of thousands of live creatures.
to go for a little walk.
thought to produce
신약 후보 물질을
kinds of compounds
actually have managed to study so far?
그 중 얼마를 연구할 수 있었을까요?
99.99 percent of all those compounds
아직 99.99%가
to be harvested and tested,
기다리고 있다는 뜻이죠.
have concentrated their efforts
very dangerous animals --
검은 과부 독거미 같은
and black widows.
열중해 왔습니다.
that we actually have all around us?
작은 벌레들은 어떨까요?
that lives behind your couch?
거미 같은 것들요.
to just shoot through the floor
some kind of amazing compound
would have been, "We have no clue."
"잘 모르겠네요."
have started to look into it,
그 녀석들을 살펴보기 시작했으니까
actually are producing
만들어 낸다고 말씀드릴 수 있겠네요.
more about that in a second,
about this "we are looking into it."
더 이야기하고 싶습니다.
have to capture a lot of spiders.
아주 많은 거미를 잡아야 합니다.
one finds a lot of spiders.
많은 거미를 찾을 수 있습니다.
two, three, four hundred spiders,
잡을 수 있지요.
in its own individual home.
I would advise you to start.
모험 같은 것도 아닙니다.
we wait a few days,
며칠 동안 기다려야 합니다.
little electric current through their body
아주 조금 전류를 흘려보냅니다.
a tiny little droplet of venom appearing.
현미경으로 볼 수 있습니다.
glass tube, a capillary,
유리 모세관을 이용해서
and we put it back into its home,
다시 집으로 돌려보내주고
unharmed during the process,
거미는 전혀 해를 입지 않기 때문에
만들어 내고 회복이 되면
of venom again and they've recovered,
거미가 필요하죠.
of one raindrop of venom.
chemical compound that is in that venom.
화학 물질을 분리하고 정제해줍니다.
말씀드리는 겁니다.
of a millionth of a liter of compound,
several thousand times
a whole range of nasty stuff,
part of my job starts,
제일 신나는 일이 시작되죠.
같은 거예요.
those compounds ready,
아무 일도 일어나지 않죠.
that has absolutely amazing effects.
화학 물질을 발견합니다.
else from my pocket --
꺼내야 할 것 같습니다.
I have, actually, a very common spider.
아주 흔한 거미 한 마리가 들어있습니다.
that you could find in your shed,
항균 물질을 생성합니다.
antimicrobial compounds.
those drug-resistant bacteria
가끔은 뉴스 헤드라인에도 나오는
in your sewer pipe,
하수관 안에서 살아야 한다면
to a very, very serious concern we have.
답을 가지고 있을지도 모릅니다.
every single day,
항생제 내성 세균 감염으로 사망합니다.
antimicrobial-resistant infections.
of 700,000 people dead every single year
충격적인 숫자에 이릅니다.
30, 20 or 10 years ago
유용했던 항생제로는
very common bugs.
is running out of antibiotics,
거의 고갈되고 있으며
does not have any answer,
어떤 대책이나 무기를
to address that concern.
new kinds of antibiotics
every couple of years.
hit the market in the past five years?
시장에 나왔는지 아시나요?
that if we continue this way,
from being completely helpless
완전히 무장해제 된다는 것이
of penicillin 90 years ago.
처음 발견되기 전처럼요.
is that we are at war
a lot quicker than we do.
적응하고 진화합니다.
one of our greatest secret weapons.
가장 위대한 비밀 무기가 될지도 모르죠.
of a liter of a venom,
대부분의 박테리아를
to any other kind of antibiotics.
this experiment, I just wonder:
저는 의문을 갖습니다.
do the siblings actually have?
또 어떤 가능성과 비밀이 있을까?
can we really find, if we care to look?
어떤 엄청난 물질을 발견할 수 있을까?
really the future of therapeutic drugs?"
치료약물의 미래인가요?" 라고 물으면
that they do hold some key answers."
믿습니다." 라고 대답할 겁니다.
the means to investigate them.
수단을 남겨야 하죠.
in the corner of your room ...
an absolutely fantastic creature,
one day, will hold the answer,
언젠가 우리의 생존을 위한
to your very own survival.
기억하시기 바랍니다.
anymore now, is she?
그렇게 하찮아 보이지 않으시죠?
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Michel Dugon - Zoologist, venom researcherMichel Dugon researches the potential of spider venom as a source of novel therapeutic agents.
Why you should listen
Michel Dugon runs the Venom Systems and Proteomics Lab and teaches zoology at the National University of Ireland Galway. His research focuses on the evolution of venom systems and on the potential of arthropod venom as a source of novel therapeutic agents. After a six-year stint chasing venomous creatures in the jungles of South East Asia, Dugon published extensively on the evolution of venom systems while pursuing a PhD in Evolutionary Developmental Biology. He was awarded the 2015 Irish National Teaching Award in Higher Education and the 2017 Ryan Award for Innovation. Dugon is currently working on developing the VIDAA network (Venom Investigations for the Development of Antimicrobial Agents) in collaboration with Irish, French and Belgian researchers.
As the founder and director of the science outreach Eco Explorers, Dugon dedicates a sizable amount of his time to promoting ecological awareness in the media and in schools throughout Ireland. Dr Dugon's work has been featured on national and international networks, including RTE, the BBC, Euronews and SKY.
Michel Dugon | Speaker | TED.com