Michel Dugon: The secrets of spider venom
Michel Dugon: Os segredos do veneno da aranha
Michel Dugon researches the potential of spider venom as a source of novel therapeutic agents. Full bio
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that are very happy to be up there now.
muito contentes por estarem ali em cima.
Sabem porquê?
is the incarnation of terror, really.
é a incarnação do terror.
é demasiado peluda
para termos confiança nela.
feat of bioengineering.
fantástico de bioengenharia.
to all those creatures
de todas as criaturas
since the beginning of time;
desde o início dos tempos
that have managed to have offspring
que têm conseguido procriar
until this day.
até aos dias de hoje.
started to evolve on this planet.
começaram a evoluir neste planeta.
to become what they are now:
a tornar-se naquilo que são hoje:
neste planeta.
muito desportivo fazer uma palestra
to give a speech
I have to say.
to all those ruthless battles
de todas as batalhas implacáveis
consistently by all our ancestors,
pelos nossos antepassados,
every single one of you,
cada um de vocês,
com mil milhões de anos,
one-billion-years-old success story.
to what she has in her chest,
ao que ela tem no peito,
that are attached to a pair of fangs,
ligadas a duas presas
dentro da boca.
and without this venom,
managed to survive.
venom systems in order to survive.
sistemas de veneno para sobreviverem.
de cobras venenosas,
se assim lhe quisermos chamar,
of chemical compounds.
de compostos químicos.
have evolved purely for one purpose:
evoluíram unicamente com um objetivo:
in many different ways.
de muitas formas diferentes.
pains that you've never felt before.
causar dores como nunca sentiram.
your heart stop within minutes,
fazer parar o coração em minutos,
almost instantly,
quase instantaneamente
your flesh away, like acid.
como ácido.
gruesome stories, I know,
são histórias assustadoras,
para os meus ouvidos.
all those super powerful compounds
compostos com super poderes
produce new antibiotics with those venoms?
novos antibióticos com esses venenos?
that are suffering from diabetes
que sofrem de diabetes
are already being developed
já estão a ser desenvolvidas
everywhere around the world, as I speak.
por todo o mundo,
regularly with a medication
regularmente com um medicamento
a partir da toxina
by a South American viper.
da América do Sul.
can be monitored using, actually,
podem ser vigiadas,
por um lagarto da América do Norte.
by a lizard from North America.
a marine snail for anesthetics.
dum caracol marinho, como anestésico.
library of chemical compounds
de enorme biblioteca de compostos químicos
of thousands of live creatures.
de milhares de seres vivos.
to go for a little walk.
um pequeno passeio.
thought to produce
de diferentes tipos de compostos
kinds of compounds
actually have managed to study so far?
já os conseguiram estudar até agora?
99.99 percent of all those compounds
de todos esses compostos
to be harvested and tested,
de ser colhidos e testados,
have concentrated their efforts
têm concentrado os seus esforços
very dangerous animals --
muito perigosos
and black widows.
e viúvas negras.
that we actually have all around us?
que temos à nossa volta?
that lives behind your couch?
atrás do nosso sofá?
to just shoot through the floor
some kind of amazing compound
de composto fantástico
would have been, "We have no clue."
teria sido: "Não fazemos a menor ideia".
have started to look into it,
começámos a olhar para isso,
actually are producing
estão a produzir
more about that in a second,
vou dizer mais sobre isso,
about this "we are looking into it."
sobre esse "estamos a olhar para isso".
have to capture a lot of spiders.
temos que apanhar muitas aranhas.
one finds a lot of spiders.
encontramos imensas aranhas.
à nossa volta.
two, three, four hundred spiders,
duas, três ou quatro centenas de aranhas,
in its own individual home.
numa casa individual.
uma pequena refeição
I would advise you to start.
que vos aconselharia a iniciar.
we wait a few days,
esperamos uns dias
little electric current through their body
corrente elétrica pelo corpo delas
a tiny little droplet of venom appearing.
uma gotícula de veneno.
glass tube, a capillary,
com a espessura de um cabelo,
and we put it back into its home,
e voltamos a pô-la em casa
unharmed during the process,
durante este processo,
of venom again and they've recovered,
mais um pouco de veneno e de recuperarem,
na natureza.
of one raindrop of venom.
a uma gota de chuva de veneno.
chemical compound that is in that venom.
cada composto químico
of a millionth of a liter of compound,
de milionésimo de litro do composto
several thousand times
vários milhares de vezes
a whole range of nasty stuff,
numa enorme gama de coisas más,
part of my job starts,
da minha tarefa,
usamos muitos recursos,
a preparar esses compostos,
those compounds ready,
não acontece nada.
that has absolutely amazing effects.
que tem efeitos fantásticos.
else from my pocket --
I have, actually, a very common spider.
uma aranha muito vulgar,
that you could find in your shed,
no barracão,
extremamente poderosos.
antimicrobial compounds.
those drug-resistant bacteria
resistentes a drogas
nos cabeçalhos dos jornais.
in your sewer pipe,
no cano de esgoto,
to a very, very serious concern we have.
para um problema muito grave que temos.
every single day,
a infeções resistentes a antimicróbios.
antimicrobial-resistant infections.
of 700,000 people dead every single year
de 700 000 pessoas que morrem, por ano,
30, 20 or 10 years ago
há 30, há 20 ou há 10 anos
very common bugs.
micróbios muito vulgares.
is running out of antibiotics,
está a ficar sem antibióticos,
does not have any answer,
não tem qualquer resposta,
to address that concern.
essa preocupação.
new kinds of antibiotics
novos tipos de antibióticos
every couple of years.
de dois em dois anos.
hit the market in the past five years?
apareceram nos últimos cinco anos?
that if we continue this way,
from being completely helpless
de ficarmos totalmente indefesos
of penicillin 90 years ago.
da descoberta da penicilina, há 90 anos.
is that we are at war
é que estamos numa guerra
a lot quicker than we do.
muito mais depressa do que nós.
one of our greatest secret weapons.
uma das armas secretas mais importantes.
of a liter of a venom,
de um litro do veneno,
a maioria das bactérias
to any other kind of antibiotics.
outro tipo de antibióticos.
this experiment, I just wonder:
fico a pensar:
do the siblings actually have?
terão as suas iguais?
can we really find, if we care to look?
podemos encontrar, se procurarmos?
really the future of therapeutic drugs?"
das drogas terapêuticas?
that they do hold some key answers."
respostas fundamentais".
the means to investigate them.
dos meios para os investigar.
in the corner of your room ...
ao canto do vosso quarto...
an absolutely fantastic creature,
uma criatura fantástica,
one day, will hold the answer,
um dia, nos dê a resposta
to your very own survival.
para a vossa sobrevivência.
anymore now, is she?
não acham?
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Michel Dugon - Zoologist, venom researcherMichel Dugon researches the potential of spider venom as a source of novel therapeutic agents.
Why you should listen
Michel Dugon runs the Venom Systems and Proteomics Lab and teaches zoology at the National University of Ireland Galway. His research focuses on the evolution of venom systems and on the potential of arthropod venom as a source of novel therapeutic agents. After a six-year stint chasing venomous creatures in the jungles of South East Asia, Dugon published extensively on the evolution of venom systems while pursuing a PhD in Evolutionary Developmental Biology. He was awarded the 2015 Irish National Teaching Award in Higher Education and the 2017 Ryan Award for Innovation. Dugon is currently working on developing the VIDAA network (Venom Investigations for the Development of Antimicrobial Agents) in collaboration with Irish, French and Belgian researchers.
As the founder and director of the science outreach Eco Explorers, Dugon dedicates a sizable amount of his time to promoting ecological awareness in the media and in schools throughout Ireland. Dr Dugon's work has been featured on national and international networks, including RTE, the BBC, Euronews and SKY.
Michel Dugon | Speaker | TED.com