ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ani Liu - Designer, artist
Ani Liu explores the intersection between technology and sensory perception.

Why you should listen

Ani Liu is a transdisciplinary artist working at the intersection of art and science. Currently at MIT Media Lab, she creates research-based art that explores the social, cultural and ethical implications of emerging technologies. In the search to link scientific innovation with emotional tangibility, her work has spanned the scales of architectural installations, wearable prosthetics, augmented reality and synthetic biology.

Liu's work has been presented at the Boston Museum of Fine ArtsAsian Art MuseumMIT Museum, MIT Media Lab, Wiesner Gallery, Harvard University, Open Gallery, Powerhouse Alliance Conference, Buildings as Cities Inaugural Conference and TEDxBeaconStreet. Her work has been featured in several publications, including See Yourself X: Human Futures Expanded and Solid: Design Techniques.

In 2014-15, she led the research program in Sensory Mediation at the Harvard Center for Green Buildings and Cities, which explores how information visualization, augmented reality and other emerging technologies can be harnessed to extend the human sensorium to redefine spatial experience.

She taught as an Associate Instructor at the Harvard Graduate School of Design, where she co-taught an advanced-level architectural studio called Architecture of Cultural Prosthetics: Tools for Communication and Expression in the Public Space with Krzysztof Wodiczko.

Liu has a BA from Dartmouth College and received a Masters of Architecture degree from the Harvard Graduate School of Design, earning a distinction for her thesis in wearable technologies, responsive environments and cultural prosthetics. She continually seeks to discover the unexpected, through playful experimentation, intuition and speculative storytelling.


More profile about the speaker
Ani Liu | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxBeaconStreet

Ani Liu: Smelfies, and other experiments in synthetic biology

Ani Liu: Smelfies e outras experiências em biologia sintética

Filmed:
938,374 views

E se pudéssemos tirar uma selfie com cheiro, uma smelfie? E se tivéssemos um batom que fizesse as plantas crescerem onde damos um beijo? Ani Liu explora o cruzamento entre a tecnologia e a percepção sensorial, e seu trabalho beira a ciência, o design e a arte. Nesta palestra rápida e inteligente, ela compartilha seus sonhos, especulações e experimentos, perguntando: "O que acontece quando ficção científica vira fato científico?"
- Designer, artist
Ani Liu explores the intersection between technology and sensory perception. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
What if our plants
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E se as plantas
00:14
could sense the toxicity
levels in the soil
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pudessem sentir os níveis
de toxicidade do solo
00:17
and express that toxicity
through the color of its leaves?
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e expressar essa toxicidade
pela cor das suas folhas?
00:21
What if those plants could also
remove those toxins from the soil?
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E se essas plantas também
pudessem tirar as toxinas do solo?
00:26
Instead, what if those plants
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E se essas plantas
00:28
grew their own packaging,
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cultivassem sua própria embalagem
00:30
or were designed to only be harvested
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ou fossem feitas para serem colhidas
só pelas máquinas patenteadas
pelos próprios donos?
00:33
by their owners' own patented machines?
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O que acontece quando um design biológico
00:35
What happens when biological design
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00:37
is driven by the motivations
of mass-produced commodities?
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é motivado por de mercadorias
produzidas em série?
00:40
What kind of world would that be?
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Que tipo de mundo seria esse?
00:43
My name is Ani, and I'm a designer
and researcher at MIT Media Lab,
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Meu nome é Ani,
eu sou designer e pesquisadora
no Laboratório de Mídia do MIT,
00:47
where I'm part of a relatively new
and unique group called Design Fiction,
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onde participo da equipe relativamente
nova e única chamada Design Fiction,
00:51
where we're wedged somewhere
between science fiction and science fact.
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na qual trabalhamos na divisa entre
ficção científica e fatos científicos.
00:55
And at MIT, I am lucky enough
to rub shoulders with scientists
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No MIT, tenho a sorte
de estar próxima a cientistas
que estudam diversas áreas inovadoras
00:59
studying all kinds of cutting edge fields
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01:01
like synthetic neurobiology,
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como a neurobiologia sintética,
inteligência e vida artificial,
01:04
artificial intelligence, artificial life
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01:06
and everything in between.
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e muito mais.
01:07
And across campus,
there's truly brilliant scientists
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Do outro lado do campus,
há cientistas brilhantes
01:11
asking questions like,
"How can I make the world a better place?"
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perguntando-se questões como:
"Como posso fazer nosso mundo melhor?"
01:15
And part of what my group
likes to ask is, "What is better?"
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Algo que a minha equipe gosta
de perguntar é: "O que é melhor?"
01:18
What is better for you, for me,
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O que é melhor para você, para mim,
01:20
for a white woman, a gay man,
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para uma mulher branca, um homem gay,
01:22
a veteran, a child with a prosthetic?
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um veterano de guerra,
uma criança com prósteses?
A tecnologia nunca é neutra.
01:25
Technology is never neutral.
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01:27
It frames a reality
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Concebe uma realidade
e reflete um contexto.
01:28
and reflects a context.
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Imaginem o que pensar do equilíbrio
entre trabalho e vida no seu emprego
01:30
Can you imagine what it would say
about the work-life balance at your office
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se este fosse um padrão
no seu primeiro dia?
01:34
if these were standard issue
on the first day?
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01:36
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
01:37
I believe it's the role
of artists and designers
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Creio ser o papel de artistas e designers
levantar questões críticas.
01:40
to raise critical questions.
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01:42
Art is how you can see
and feel the future,
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Arte é como vemos e sentimos o futuro,
01:44
and today is an exciting
time to be a designer,
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e essa é uma época empolgante
para ser designer,
01:47
for all the new tools becoming accessible.
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pelo acesso a tantas ferramentas novas.
01:49
For instance, synthetic biology
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Por exemplo, a biologia sintética
01:51
seeks to write biology
as a design problem.
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tenta descrever a biologia
como um problema de design.
01:54
And through these developments,
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Através desses desenvolvimentos,
01:55
my lab asks, what are the roles
and responsibilities
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meu laboratório pergunta qual
o papel e as responsabilidades
01:58
of an artist, designer,
scientist or businessman?
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de um artista, designer,
cientista ou empresário?
02:02
What are the implications
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Quais são as implicações
02:04
of synthetic biology, genetic engineering,
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da biologia sintética,
engenharia genética,
02:07
and how are they shaping our notions
of what it means to be a human?
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e como elas definem nossas noções
do que significa ser humano?
02:11
What are the implications of this
on society, on evolution
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Quais as implicações delas
na sociedade, na evolução
02:15
and what are the stakes in this game?
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e quais os desafios deste jogo?
02:17
My own speculative design research
at the current moment
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A minha pesquisa especulativa
sobre design neste momento
02:21
plays with synthetic biology,
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mexe com biologia sintética,
02:22
but for more emotionally driven output.
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mas direcionada para
um resultado mais emocional.
02:25
I'm obsessed with olfaction
as a design space,
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Sou obcecada pelo olfato
como um espaço de design,
02:28
and this project started with this idea
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e este projeto começou com a ideia
02:31
of what if you could take
a smell selfie, a smelfie?
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da possibilidade de tirar uma selfie
do nosso cheiro, uma "smelfie"?
02:34
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
02:36
What if you could take
your own natural body odor
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E se pudéssemos pegar
nosso odor natural do corpo
02:39
and send it to a lover?
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e mandá-lo para um amado?
02:41
Funny enough, I found that this
was a 19th century Austrian tradition,
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O engraçado é que eu descobri que era
uma tradição austríaca do século 19,
02:45
where couples in courtship
would keep a slice of apple
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em que casais em cortejo
guardavam uma fatia de maçã
02:47
crammed under their armpit during dances,
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e a deixavam debaixo da axila
durante o baile,
02:50
and at the end of the evening,
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e no final da noite,
02:51
the girl would give the guy
she most fancied her used fruit,
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a moça dava a fruta usada
ao rapaz que ela mais admirava,
02:55
and if the feeling was mutual,
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e se o sentimento fosse mútuo,
ele comia a maçã catinguenta.
02:57
he would wolf down that stinky apple.
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02:59
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
03:03
Famously, Napoleon wrote
many love letters to Josephine,
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Napoleão escreveu muitas
cartas à Josefina,
03:07
but perhaps amongst the most memorable
is this brief and urgent note:
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mas talvez dentre as mais memoráveis
esteja esta nota breve e urgente:
03:11
"Home in three days. Don't bathe."
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"Em casa em três dias. Não se lave".
03:13
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
03:15
Both Napoleon and Josephine
adored violets.
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Napoleão e Josefina adoravam violetas.
03:19
Josephine wore violet-scented perfume,
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Josefina usava perfume
com aroma de violeta,
03:21
carried violets on their wedding day,
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carregou violetas no seu casamento,
e Napoleão lhe mandava
um buquê de violetas
03:23
and Napoleon sent her a bouquet of violets
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nos aniversários de casamento.
03:25
every year on their anniversary.
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03:26
When Josephine passed away,
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Quando Josefina morreu,
ele plantou violetas na sepultura dela,
03:28
he planted violets at her grave,
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03:30
and just before his exile,
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e antes de ser exilado,
03:31
he went back to that tomb site,
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ele voltou à sepultura,
03:34
picked some of those flowers,
entombed them in a locket
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colheu algumas flores,
colocou-as num medalhão
03:36
and wore them until the day he died.
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e usou-o até morrer.
Achei isso tão comovente,
03:38
And I found this so moving,
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03:40
I thought, could I engineer that violet
to smell just like Josephine?
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que pensei: "Será que eu poderia criar
uma violeta para cheirar como a Josefina?"
03:44
What if, for the rest of eternity,
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E se, para o resto da eternidade,
quando visitamos sua sepultura,
03:45
when you went to visit her site,
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03:47
you could smell Josephine
just as Napoleon loved her?
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pudéssemos cheirar Josefina
assim como Napoleão a amava?
Podemos criar formas novas
de lamentar a morte,
03:50
Could we engineer new ways of mourning,
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03:53
new rituals for remembering?
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novos rituais de recordação?
03:55
After all, we've engineered
transgenic crops
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Afinal de contas,
já criamos safras transgênicas
para maximizar os lucros,
03:57
to be maximized for profit,
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04:00
crops that stand up to transport,
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safras que suportam o transporte,
que têm uma vida longa na prateleira,
04:02
crops that have a long shelf life,
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com gosto doce açucarado,
mas que resistem a pragas,
04:04
crops that taste sugary sweet
but resist pests,
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04:06
sometimes at the expense
of nutritional value.
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às vezes às custas do valor nutricional.
04:10
Can we harness these same technologies
for an emotionally sensitive output?
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Podemos aproveitar as mesmas tecnologias
para um resultado emocionalmente sensível?
04:14
So currently in my lab,
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No meu laboratório,
04:16
I'm researching questions like,
what makes a human smell like a human?
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estou pesquisando questões como:
"O que faz um humano cheirar como tal?"
04:19
And it turns out it's fairly complicated.
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Acontence que é bem complicado.
04:21
Factors such as your diet,
your medications, your lifestyle
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Fatores como dieta,
medicações, estilo de vida
tudo contribui para a forma
como cheiramos.
04:25
all factor into the way you smell.
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04:27
And I found that our sweat
is mostly odorless,
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Eu descobri que nosso suor
é quase sem cheiro,
04:29
but it's our bacteria and microbiome
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mas que são nossas bactérias e microbioma
04:31
that's responsible for your smells,
your mood, your identity
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os responsáveis pelo nosso cheiro,
humor, identidade e muito mais.
04:35
and so much beyond.
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Há vários tipos de moléculas que emitimos,
mas que só percebemos no subconsciente.
04:37
And there's all kinds
of molecules that you emit
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04:39
but which we only perceive subconsciously.
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Tenho catalogado e coletado
04:43
So I've been cataloging and collecting
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04:45
bacteria from different sites of my body.
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bactéria de partes
diferentes do meu corpo.
Conversando com um cientista, concluímos:
04:47
After talking to a scientist, we thought,
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talvez a mistura perfeita de Ani
04:49
maybe the perfect concoction of Ani
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04:51
is like 10 percent collarbone,
30 percent underarm,
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seja de 10% clavícula, 30% axilas,
04:55
40 percent bikini line and so forth,
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40% da linha do biquíni,
e assim por diante,
e esporadicamente eu deixo
os pesquisadores de outros laboratórios
04:57
and occasionally
I let researchers from other labs
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cheirarem minhas amostras.
05:00
take a sniff of my samples.
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05:02
And it's been interesting to hear
how smell of the body
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É interessante ouvir
como o cheiro do corpo
05:05
is perceived outside
of the context of the body.
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é interpretado fora do contexto do corpo.
05:08
I've gotten feedback such as,
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Já tive reações do tipo:
05:10
smells like flowers, like chicken,
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tem cheiro de flor, de frango,
de cereais, de carne bovina.
05:12
like cornflakes,
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05:13
like beef carnitas.
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(Risos)
05:15
(Laughter)
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05:17
At the same time, I cultivate
a set of carnivorous plants
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Ao mesmo tempo, eu cultivo
um grupo de plantas carnívoras
05:20
for their ability to emit
fleshlike odors to attract prey,
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pela capacidade delas de emitir
odores como o de carne para atrair presas,
05:24
in an attempt to kind of create
this symbiotic relationship
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para tentar criar uma relação simbiótica
entre a minha bactéria e este organismo.
05:27
between my bacteria and this organism.
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05:31
And as it so happens,
I'm at MIT and I'm in a bar,
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Uma vez, estava no MIT, num bar,
05:34
and I was talking to a scientist
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conversando com um cientista
05:36
who happens to be a chemist
and a plant scientist,
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que também é químico
e cientista de plantas,
05:38
and I was telling him about my project,
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e eu contava a ele sobre meu projeto,
05:40
and he was like, "Well, this sounds
like botany for lonely women."
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e ele disse: "Isso parece ser botânica
para mulheres solitárias".
05:44
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
05:47
Unperturbed, I said, "OK."
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Imperturbada, eu disse: "Certo".
05:49
I challenged him.
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Eu o desafiei.
05:51
"Can we engineer a plant
that can love me back?"
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"Poderíamos criar uma planta
que retribuísse o meu amor?"
05:54
And for some reason,
he was like, "Sure, why not?"
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Por alguma razão, ele disse:
"Claro, por que não?"
05:58
So we started with,
can we get a plant to grow towards me
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Começamos tentando fazer
uma planta crescer em minha direção
06:00
like I was the sun?
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como se eu fosse o Sol.
06:02
And so we're looking at mechanisms
in plants such as phototropism,
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Observamos mecanismos
em plantas como o fototropismo,
06:06
which causes the plant
to grow towards the sun
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que faz a planta
crescer em direção ao Sol
06:08
by producing hormones like auxin,
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produzindo hormônios como auxina,
06:10
which causes cell elongation
on the shady side.
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que causa o estiramento da célula
no lado da sombra.
06:13
And right now I'm creating
a set of lipsticks
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Agora eu estou criando uma série de batons
impregnados de substâncias químicas
06:15
that are infused with these chemicals
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06:17
that allow me to interact with a plant
on its own chemical signatures --
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que me permitem interagir
com uma planta na sua própria química;
06:20
lipsticks that cause plants
to grow where I kiss it,
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batons que fazem as plantas
crescerem onde eu as beijo,
06:24
plants that blossom
where I kiss the bloom.
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plantas que florescem
onde eu beijo a flor.
06:27
And through these projects,
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Através destes projetos,
eu faço perguntas como:
06:29
I'm asking questions like,
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06:31
how do we define nature?
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"Como definir a natureza?"
06:33
How do we define nature
when we can reengineer its properties,
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Como definir a natureza quando
podemos recriar suas propriedades,
06:36
and when should we do it?
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e quando devemos fazê-lo?
06:38
Should we do it for profit, for utility?
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Devemos fazê-lo pelo lucro,
pela utilidade, pelos fins emocionais?
06:41
Can we do it for emotional ends?
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A biotecnologia pode ser usada
para criações comoventes como música?
06:43
Can biotechnology be used
to create work as moving as music?
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06:47
What are the thresholds between science
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Quais as fronteiras entre ciência
06:49
and its ability to shape
our emotional landscape?
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e sua capacidade de formar
nossa paisagem emocional?
06:52
It's a famous design mantra
that form follows function.
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É o famoso mantra do designer
de que a forma segue a função.
06:56
Well, now, wedged somewhere
between science, design and art
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Agora, nos situamos
entre ciência, design e arte
07:00
I get to ask,
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e eu me pergunto:
"E se a ficção informa os fatos?
07:01
what if fiction informs fact?
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07:03
What kind of R&D lab would that look like
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Como seriam os laboratórios R&D
07:05
and what kind of questions
would we ask together?
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e que tipo de perguntas faríamos juntos?"
Olhamos muito para a tecnologia
como a resposta,
07:07
We often look to technology as the answer,
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07:10
but as an artist and designer,
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mas como artista e designer,
eu pergunto: "Qual é a pergunta?"
07:11
I like to ask, but what is the question?
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07:14
Thank you.
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Obrigada.
07:15
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
Translated by Denise Pelusch
Reviewed by Maricene Crus

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ani Liu - Designer, artist
Ani Liu explores the intersection between technology and sensory perception.

Why you should listen

Ani Liu is a transdisciplinary artist working at the intersection of art and science. Currently at MIT Media Lab, she creates research-based art that explores the social, cultural and ethical implications of emerging technologies. In the search to link scientific innovation with emotional tangibility, her work has spanned the scales of architectural installations, wearable prosthetics, augmented reality and synthetic biology.

Liu's work has been presented at the Boston Museum of Fine ArtsAsian Art MuseumMIT Museum, MIT Media Lab, Wiesner Gallery, Harvard University, Open Gallery, Powerhouse Alliance Conference, Buildings as Cities Inaugural Conference and TEDxBeaconStreet. Her work has been featured in several publications, including See Yourself X: Human Futures Expanded and Solid: Design Techniques.

In 2014-15, she led the research program in Sensory Mediation at the Harvard Center for Green Buildings and Cities, which explores how information visualization, augmented reality and other emerging technologies can be harnessed to extend the human sensorium to redefine spatial experience.

She taught as an Associate Instructor at the Harvard Graduate School of Design, where she co-taught an advanced-level architectural studio called Architecture of Cultural Prosthetics: Tools for Communication and Expression in the Public Space with Krzysztof Wodiczko.

Liu has a BA from Dartmouth College and received a Masters of Architecture degree from the Harvard Graduate School of Design, earning a distinction for her thesis in wearable technologies, responsive environments and cultural prosthetics. She continually seeks to discover the unexpected, through playful experimentation, intuition and speculative storytelling.


More profile about the speaker
Ani Liu | Speaker | TED.com

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