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Ani Liu: Smelfies, and other experiments in synthetic biology
Ani Lu (Ani Liu): "Smelfiji" i drugi eksperimenti iz sintetičke biologije
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Šta kada biste mogli da napravite selfi mirisa, "smelfi"? Šta kada biste imali karmin od koga bi biljke rasle tamo gde ih poljubite? Ani Lu istražuje presek tehnologije i percepcije čula i njen rad zaglavljen je negde između nauke, dizajna i umetnosti. U ovom kratkom, domišljatom govoru, ona deli snove, nedoumice i eksperimente, pitajući se: šta se dešava kada naučna fantastika postane naučna činjenica?
Ani Liu - Designer, artist
Ani Liu explores the intersection between technology and sensory perception. Full bio
Ani Liu explores the intersection between technology and sensory perception. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
What if our plants
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Šta kada bi naše biljke
00:14
could sense the toxicity
levels in the soil
levels in the soil
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mogle da osete
nivo toksina u zemljištu
nivo toksina u zemljištu
00:17
and express that toxicity
through the color of its leaves?
through the color of its leaves?
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i izraze taj nivo putem boje svog lišća?
00:21
What if those plants could also
remove those toxins from the soil?
remove those toxins from the soil?
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Šta kada bi te biljke mogle
i da uklone te toksine iz tla?
i da uklone te toksine iz tla?
00:26
Instead, what if those plants
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A šta kada bi one mogle
00:28
grew their own packaging,
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da proizvedu svoju ambalažu
00:30
or were designed to only be harvested
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ili da se naprave tako da se beru
00:33
by their owners' own patented machines?
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samo patentiranim mašinama
svoga vlasnika?
svoga vlasnika?
00:35
What happens when biological design
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Šta se desi kada biološki dizajn
00:37
is driven by the motivations
of mass-produced commodities?
of mass-produced commodities?
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pokreće motivacija masovno
proizvedenih dobara?
proizvedenih dobara?
00:40
What kind of world would that be?
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Kakav bi to čudan svet bio?
00:43
My name is Ani, and I'm a designer
and researcher at MIT Media Lab,
and researcher at MIT Media Lab,
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Zovem se Ani i ja sam dizajnerka
i istraživač u medijskoj laboratoriji MIT,
i istraživač u medijskoj laboratoriji MIT,
00:47
where I'm part of a relatively new
and unique group called Design Fiction,
and unique group called Design Fiction,
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gde sam deo nove i jedinstvene grupe
koja se zove Fikcija dizajna,
koja se zove Fikcija dizajna,
00:51
where we're wedged somewhere
between science fiction and science fact.
between science fiction and science fact.
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a tu se bavimo nečim što je
između naučne fantastike i činjenica.
između naučne fantastike i činjenica.
00:55
And at MIT, I am lucky enough
to rub shoulders with scientists
to rub shoulders with scientists
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Na MIT-u imam dovoljno sreće
da radim sa naučnicima
da radim sa naučnicima
00:59
studying all kinds of cutting edge fields
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koji izučavaju svakakve
najnovije oblasti,
najnovije oblasti,
01:01
like synthetic neurobiology,
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poput sintetičke neurobiologije,
01:04
artificial intelligence, artificial life
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veštačke inteligencije,
veštačkog života
veštačkog života
01:06
and everything in between.
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i svega ostalog sličnog tome.
01:07
And across campus,
there's truly brilliant scientists
there's truly brilliant scientists
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Širom kampusa, tu su
zaista briljantni naučnici
zaista briljantni naučnici
01:11
asking questions like,
"How can I make the world a better place?"
"How can I make the world a better place?"
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koji postavljaju pitanja poput onoga
kako svet načiniti boljim mestom.
kako svet načiniti boljim mestom.
01:15
And part of what my group
likes to ask is, "What is better?"
likes to ask is, "What is better?"
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Deo onoga što moja grupa voli da pita
je to: "Šta je bolje?"
je to: "Šta je bolje?"
01:18
What is better for you, for me,
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Šta je bolje za vas, za mene,
01:20
for a white woman, a gay man,
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za belkinju, gej muškarca,
01:22
a veteran, a child with a prosthetic?
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veterana, dete sa prostetičkim udom?
01:25
Technology is never neutral.
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Tehnologija nikad nije neutralna.
01:27
It frames a reality
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Ona oblikuje stvarnost
01:28
and reflects a context.
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i održava kontekst.
01:30
Can you imagine what it would say
about the work-life balance at your office
about the work-life balance at your office
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Možete li zamisliti šta bi ovo reklo
o balansu života i posla na vašem poslu
o balansu života i posla na vašem poslu
01:34
if these were standard issue
on the first day?
on the first day?
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kada bi vam od prvog dana davali ovo?
01:36
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
01:37
I believe it's the role
of artists and designers
of artists and designers
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Verujem da je uloga umetnika i inženjera
01:40
to raise critical questions.
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da postavljaju krucijalna pitanja.
01:42
Art is how you can see
and feel the future,
and feel the future,
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Umetnost je ono kako vidite
i osećate budućnost,
i osećate budućnost,
01:44
and today is an exciting
time to be a designer,
time to be a designer,
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a danas je uzbudljivo vreme
da se bude dizajner,
da se bude dizajner,
01:47
for all the new tools becoming accessible.
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uz sve nove alate koji postaju dostupni.
01:49
For instance, synthetic biology
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Na primer, sintetička biologija
01:51
seeks to write biology
as a design problem.
as a design problem.
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pokušava da predstavi biologiju
kao problem dizajna.
kao problem dizajna.
01:54
And through these developments,
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Kroz ove razvoje,
01:55
my lab asks, what are the roles
and responsibilities
and responsibilities
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u mojoj laboratoriji se pitamo
koje su uloge i odgovornosti
koje su uloge i odgovornosti
01:58
of an artist, designer,
scientist or businessman?
scientist or businessman?
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umetnika, dizajnera, naučnika
ili poslovnog čoveka?
ili poslovnog čoveka?
02:02
What are the implications
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Koje su implikacije
02:04
of synthetic biology, genetic engineering,
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sintetičke biologije,
genetskog inženjeringa
genetskog inženjeringa
02:07
and how are they shaping our notions
of what it means to be a human?
of what it means to be a human?
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i kako oni oblikuju naš pojam toga
šta znači biti čovek?
šta znači biti čovek?
02:11
What are the implications of this
on society, on evolution
on society, on evolution
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Koje su implikacije ovoga
na društvo, na evoluciju
na društvo, na evoluciju
02:15
and what are the stakes in this game?
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i kakvi su sve ulozi u igri?
02:17
My own speculative design research
at the current moment
at the current moment
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Moje sopstveno spekulativno
istraživanje o dizajnu trenutno
istraživanje o dizajnu trenutno
02:21
plays with synthetic biology,
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tiče se sintetičke biologije,
02:22
but for more emotionally driven output.
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ali za rezultate
koji su više vođeni emocijama.
koji su više vođeni emocijama.
02:25
I'm obsessed with olfaction
as a design space,
as a design space,
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Opsednuta sam mirisom
kao prostorom za dizajn,
kao prostorom za dizajn,
02:28
and this project started with this idea
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i ovaj proces je započeo idejom,
02:31
of what if you could take
a smell selfie, a smelfie?
a smell selfie, a smelfie?
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šta kada biste mogli da napravite
selfi mirisa, smelfi?
selfi mirisa, smelfi?
02:34
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
02:36
What if you could take
your own natural body odor
your own natural body odor
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Šta kada biste mogli da snimite
miris sopstvenog tela
miris sopstvenog tela
02:39
and send it to a lover?
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i pošaljete ga partneru?
02:41
Funny enough, I found that this
was a 19th century Austrian tradition,
was a 19th century Austrian tradition,
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Zanimljivo je da sam otkrila da je ovo
bila tradicija u Austriji u 19. veku
bila tradicija u Austriji u 19. veku
02:45
where couples in courtship
would keep a slice of apple
would keep a slice of apple
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kada su parovi kao deo udvaranja
čuvali komadić jabuke
čuvali komadić jabuke
02:47
crammed under their armpit during dances,
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ispod pazuha tokom plesa,
02:50
and at the end of the evening,
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i na kraju večeri,
02:51
the girl would give the guy
she most fancied her used fruit,
she most fancied her used fruit,
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devojka bi voćku dala momku
koji joj se najviše dopao,
koji joj se najviše dopao,
02:55
and if the feeling was mutual,
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i ukoliko bi to bilo obostrano,
02:57
he would wolf down that stinky apple.
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on bi pojeo tu smrdjivu jabuku.
02:59
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
03:03
Famously, Napoleon wrote
many love letters to Josephine,
many love letters to Josephine,
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Poznato je da je Napoleon napisao
Žozefini mnogo ljubavnih pisama,
Žozefini mnogo ljubavnih pisama,
03:07
but perhaps amongst the most memorable
is this brief and urgent note:
is this brief and urgent note:
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ali možda najčuvenija je njegova
kratka i hitna poruka:
kratka i hitna poruka:
03:11
"Home in three days. Don't bathe."
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"Kući za tri dana. Ne kupaj se."
03:13
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
03:15
Both Napoleon and Josephine
adored violets.
adored violets.
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I Napoleon i Žozefina
obožavali su ljubičice.
obožavali su ljubičice.
03:19
Josephine wore violet-scented perfume,
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Žozefina je nosila parfem od ljubičica,
03:21
carried violets on their wedding day,
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na dan svadbe je nosila ljubičice
03:23
and Napoleon sent her a bouquet of violets
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i Napoleon joj je slao buket ljubičica
svake godine na njihovu godišnjicu.
03:25
every year on their anniversary.
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03:26
When Josephine passed away,
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Kada je Žozefina preminula,
03:28
he planted violets at her grave,
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na njenom grobu posadio je ljubičice,
03:30
and just before his exile,
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i tik pre nego što je izgnan,
03:31
he went back to that tomb site,
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vratio se na grobno mesto
03:34
picked some of those flowers,
entombed them in a locket
entombed them in a locket
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i ubrao nešto od tog cveća,
zatvorio ga u medaljon
zatvorio ga u medaljon
03:36
and wore them until the day he died.
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i nosio sa sobom do svoje smrti.
03:38
And I found this so moving,
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Ovo me je tako dirnulo,
03:40
I thought, could I engineer that violet
to smell just like Josephine?
to smell just like Josephine?
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pomislila sam, mogu li da napravim
ljubičicu koja bi mirisala kao Žozefina?
ljubičicu koja bi mirisala kao Žozefina?
03:44
What if, for the rest of eternity,
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Šta kada bi, do kraja večnosti,
03:45
when you went to visit her site,
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svaki put kada odete na njen grob,
03:47
you could smell Josephine
just as Napoleon loved her?
just as Napoleon loved her?
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mogli da pomirišete Žozefinu
onakvu kakvu je Napoelon voleo?
onakvu kakvu je Napoelon voleo?
Da li bismo mogli da osmislimo
nove načine za žaljenje,
nove načine za žaljenje,
03:50
Could we engineer new ways of mourning,
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03:53
new rituals for remembering?
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nove rituale prisećanja?
03:55
After all, we've engineered
transgenic crops
transgenic crops
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Ipak smo napravili transgenske useve,
03:57
to be maximized for profit,
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koji su osmišljeni zbog veće zarade,
04:00
crops that stand up to transport,
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useve koji odolevaju transportu,
04:02
crops that have a long shelf life,
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useve koji imaju dug životni vek,
04:04
crops that taste sugary sweet
but resist pests,
but resist pests,
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useve koji su slatkog ukusa
ali odolevaju štetočinama,
ali odolevaju štetočinama,
04:06
sometimes at the expense
of nutritional value.
of nutritional value.
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ponekad po cenu hranljive vrednosti.
04:10
Can we harness these same technologies
for an emotionally sensitive output?
for an emotionally sensitive output?
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Možemo li iskoristiti iste tehnologije
za emotivno osetljive rezultate?
za emotivno osetljive rezultate?
04:14
So currently in my lab,
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Trenutno u mojoj laboratoriji
04:16
I'm researching questions like,
what makes a human smell like a human?
what makes a human smell like a human?
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izučavam pitanja poput tog
zbog čega čovek miriše kao čovek?
zbog čega čovek miriše kao čovek?
04:19
And it turns out it's fairly complicated.
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Ispostavlja se da je to prilično složeno.
04:21
Factors such as your diet,
your medications, your lifestyle
your medications, your lifestyle
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Faktori poput ishrane,
lekova, stila života,
lekova, stila života,
04:25
all factor into the way you smell.
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sve utiče na to kako mirišete.
04:27
And I found that our sweat
is mostly odorless,
is mostly odorless,
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Otkrila sam da je znoj većinom bez mirisa,
04:29
but it's our bacteria and microbiome
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ali naše bakterije i mikrobiom
04:31
that's responsible for your smells,
your mood, your identity
your mood, your identity
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su odgovorni za vaš miris,
raspoloženje, identitet
raspoloženje, identitet
04:35
and so much beyond.
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i mnogo više toga.
04:37
And there's all kinds
of molecules that you emit
of molecules that you emit
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Postoje razni molekuli koje ispuštate,
04:39
but which we only perceive subconsciously.
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a koje primetimo samo podsvesno.
04:43
So I've been cataloging and collecting
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Beležila sam i skupljala
04:45
bacteria from different sites of my body.
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bakterije sa raznih mesta na svom telu.
04:47
After talking to a scientist, we thought,
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Nakon razgovora s naučnikom,
pomislili smo
pomislili smo
04:49
maybe the perfect concoction of Ani
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možda bi savršena mešavina Ani
04:51
is like 10 percent collarbone,
30 percent underarm,
30 percent underarm,
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bila 10% ključne kosti, 30% pazuha,
04:55
40 percent bikini line and so forth,
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40% bikini zone i tako dalje,
04:57
and occasionally
I let researchers from other labs
I let researchers from other labs
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i ponekad bih dala istraživačima
iz drugih laboratorija
iz drugih laboratorija
05:00
take a sniff of my samples.
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da pomirišu moje uzorke.
05:02
And it's been interesting to hear
how smell of the body
how smell of the body
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Zanimljivo je čuti kako miris tela
05:05
is perceived outside
of the context of the body.
of the context of the body.
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ljudi osete van konteksta tela.
05:08
I've gotten feedback such as,
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Dobila sam odgovore poput:
05:10
smells like flowers, like chicken,
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miriše kao cveće, kao piletina,
05:12
like cornflakes,
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kao kornfleks,
05:13
like beef carnitas.
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kao goveđe meso.
05:15
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
05:17
At the same time, I cultivate
a set of carnivorous plants
a set of carnivorous plants
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U isto vreme, uzgajam biljke mesožderke,
zbog njihove sposobnosti da ispuštaju
mirise nalik na meso da bi privukle plen,
mirise nalik na meso da bi privukle plen,
05:20
for their ability to emit
fleshlike odors to attract prey,
fleshlike odors to attract prey,
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05:24
in an attempt to kind of create
this symbiotic relationship
this symbiotic relationship
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kako bi pokušala da stvorim
nešto nalik na simbiozu
nešto nalik na simbiozu
05:27
between my bacteria and this organism.
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između mojih bakterija i ovog organizma.
05:31
And as it so happens,
I'm at MIT and I'm in a bar,
I'm at MIT and I'm in a bar,
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I tako, na MIT-u sam i u kafiću
05:34
and I was talking to a scientist
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i pričam sa naučnikom
05:36
who happens to be a chemist
and a plant scientist,
and a plant scientist,
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koji je slučajno hemičar i botaničar
05:38
and I was telling him about my project,
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i pričam mu o svom projektu
05:40
and he was like, "Well, this sounds
like botany for lonely women."
like botany for lonely women."
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a on kaže: "Pa to zvuči kao botanika
za usamljene žene."
za usamljene žene."
05:44
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
05:47
Unperturbed, I said, "OK."
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Nezabrinuta, kažem: "U redu."
05:49
I challenged him.
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Izazvala sam ga.
05:51
"Can we engineer a plant
that can love me back?"
that can love me back?"
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"Možemo li da napravimo biljku
koja će mi uzvratiti ljubav?"
koja će mi uzvratiti ljubav?"
05:54
And for some reason,
he was like, "Sure, why not?"
he was like, "Sure, why not?"
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Iz nekog razloga rekao je:
"Naravno, zašto da ne?"
"Naravno, zašto da ne?"
Počeli smo sa tim, da li možemo
da nateramo biljku da raste ka meni
da nateramo biljku da raste ka meni
05:58
So we started with,
can we get a plant to grow towards me
can we get a plant to grow towards me
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06:00
like I was the sun?
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kao da sam ja sunce?
06:02
And so we're looking at mechanisms
in plants such as phototropism,
in plants such as phototropism,
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Izučavamo mehanizme u biljkama
poput fototropizma,
poput fototropizma,
06:06
which causes the plant
to grow towards the sun
to grow towards the sun
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koji tera biljke da rastu ka suncu
06:08
by producing hormones like auxin,
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tako što proizvodi hormone poput auksina
06:10
which causes cell elongation
on the shady side.
on the shady side.
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zbog koga ćelije rastu duže
na strani biljke gde je senka.
na strani biljke gde je senka.
06:13
And right now I'm creating
a set of lipsticks
a set of lipsticks
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Trenutno pravim niz karmina
06:15
that are infused with these chemicals
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koji su prožeti ovim hemikalijama
06:17
that allow me to interact with a plant
on its own chemical signatures --
on its own chemical signatures --
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koje mi pružaju mogućnost da sa biljkom
komuniciram kroz njene hemijske signale -
komuniciram kroz njene hemijske signale -
06:20
lipsticks that cause plants
to grow where I kiss it,
to grow where I kiss it,
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karmini od kojih biljke rastu
tamo gde ih ja poljubim,
tamo gde ih ja poljubim,
06:24
plants that blossom
where I kiss the bloom.
where I kiss the bloom.
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biljke koje cvetaju
tamo gde poljubim cvet.
tamo gde poljubim cvet.
06:27
And through these projects,
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Kroz ove projekte,
06:29
I'm asking questions like,
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postavljam pitanja poput toga
06:31
how do we define nature?
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kako da definišemo prirodu.
06:33
How do we define nature
when we can reengineer its properties,
when we can reengineer its properties,
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Kako da definišemo prirodu
kada joj promenimo svojstva naukom,
kada joj promenimo svojstva naukom,
06:36
and when should we do it?
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i kada treba to da radimo?
06:38
Should we do it for profit, for utility?
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Da li da to radimo zbog zarade,
ili praktične koristi?
ili praktične koristi?
Zarad emotivne koristi?
06:41
Can we do it for emotional ends?
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06:43
Can biotechnology be used
to create work as moving as music?
to create work as moving as music?
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Može li se biotehnologija koristiti
za stvaranje dela dirljivih poput muzike?
za stvaranje dela dirljivih poput muzike?
06:47
What are the thresholds between science
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Koje su granice između nauke
06:49
and its ability to shape
our emotional landscape?
our emotional landscape?
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i njene mogućnosti da oblikuje
naš emotivni pejzaž?
naš emotivni pejzaž?
06:52
It's a famous design mantra
that form follows function.
that form follows function.
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Čuvena je mantra dizajna
da forma prati funkciju.
da forma prati funkciju.
06:56
Well, now, wedged somewhere
between science, design and art
between science, design and art
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Sada, uglavljena negde
između nauke, dizajna i umetnosti,
između nauke, dizajna i umetnosti,
07:00
I get to ask,
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pitam se, šta ako fikcija
informiše činjenice?
informiše činjenice?
07:01
what if fiction informs fact?
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07:03
What kind of R&D lab would that look like
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Kakva bi to laboratorija bila
07:05
and what kind of questions
would we ask together?
would we ask together?
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i kakva bismo pitanja zajedno postavljali?
07:07
We often look to technology as the answer,
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Često u tehnologiji tražimo odgovor,
07:10
but as an artist and designer,
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ali kao umetnica i dizajnerka,
07:11
I like to ask, but what is the question?
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volim da se zapitam: ali šta je pitanje?
07:14
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
07:15
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ani Liu - Designer, artistAni Liu explores the intersection between technology and sensory perception.
Why you should listen
Ani Liu is a transdisciplinary artist working at the intersection of art and science. Currently at MIT Media Lab, she creates research-based art that explores the social, cultural and ethical implications of emerging technologies. In the search to link scientific innovation with emotional tangibility, her work has spanned the scales of architectural installations, wearable prosthetics, augmented reality and synthetic biology.
Liu's work has been presented at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, Asian Art Museum, MIT Museum, MIT Media Lab, Wiesner Gallery, Harvard University, Open Gallery, Powerhouse Alliance Conference, Buildings as Cities Inaugural Conference and TEDxBeaconStreet. Her work has been featured in several publications, including See Yourself X: Human Futures Expanded and Solid: Design Techniques.
In 2014-15, she led the research program in Sensory Mediation at the Harvard Center for Green Buildings and Cities, which explores how information visualization, augmented reality and other emerging technologies can be harnessed to extend the human sensorium to redefine spatial experience.
She taught as an Associate Instructor at the Harvard Graduate School of Design, where she co-taught an advanced-level architectural studio called Architecture of Cultural Prosthetics: Tools for Communication and Expression in the Public Space with Krzysztof Wodiczko.
Liu has a BA from Dartmouth College and received a Masters of Architecture degree from the Harvard Graduate School of Design, earning a distinction for her thesis in wearable technologies, responsive environments and cultural prosthetics. She continually seeks to discover the unexpected, through playful experimentation, intuition and speculative storytelling.
Ani Liu | Speaker | TED.com