TED2011
Wael Ghonim: Inside the Egyptian revolution
Vil Gonim: Unutar egipatske revolucije
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Vil Gonim je izvršni direktor u "Guglu", koji je dao početni skok egipatskoj demokratskoj revoluciji... uz pomoć "Fejsbuk" stranice posvećene jednoj žrtvi nasilja režima. Govoreći na TEDxCairo, predstavlja unutrašnju priču od prethodna dva meseca, gde su obični Egipćani pokazali da je "moć ljudi jača od ljudi koji imaju moć".
Wael Ghonim - Internet activist and computer engineer
Wael Ghonim believes that the Internet can be the most powerful platform for connecting humanity, if we can bring civility and thoughtful conversations back to it. Full bio
Wael Ghonim believes that the Internet can be the most powerful platform for connecting humanity, if we can bring civility and thoughtful conversations back to it. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
This is Revolution 2.0.
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Ovo je revolucija 2,0.
00:18
No one was a hero. No one was a hero.
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Niko nije bio heroj. Nijedna osoba nije bila heroj.
00:21
Because everyone was a hero.
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Jer su svi bili heroji.
00:25
Everyone has done something.
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Svako je nešto uradio.
00:28
We all use Wikipedia.
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Svi koristimo "Vikipediju".
00:30
If you think of the concept of Wikipedia
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Ako razmišljate o konceptu "Vikipedije"
00:32
where everyone is collaborating on content,
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gde svako doprinosi sadržaju.
00:35
and at the end of the day
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I na kraju dana
00:37
you've built the largest encyclopedia in the world.
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sagradili ste najveću enciklopediju na svetu.
00:41
From just an idea that sounded crazy,
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Od ideje koja je zvučala ludo,
00:43
you have the largest encyclopedia in the world.
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nastala je najveća enciklopedija na svetu.
00:46
And in the Egyptian revolution,
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A u egipatskoj revoluciji,
00:48
the Revolution 2.0,
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revoluciji 2.0,
00:50
everyone has contributed something,
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svi su doprineli na neki način -
00:52
small or big. They contributed something --
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mnogo ili malo ali ipak jesu -
00:55
to bring us
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i doneli nam
00:57
one of the most inspiring stories
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jednu od najinspirativnijih priča
01:00
in the history of mankind
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u ljudskoj istoriji
01:02
when it comes to revolutions.
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kada je revolucija u pitanju.
01:04
It was actually really inspiring
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Bilo je stvarno inspirativno
01:06
to see all these Egyptians completely changing.
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videti kako se svi ti Egipćani skroz menjaju.
01:09
If you look at the scene,
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Ako pogledate scenu,
01:11
Egypt, for 30 years, had been in a downhill --
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Egipat je 30 godina bio u opadanju -
01:14
going into a downhill.
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išao je nizbrdo.
01:16
Everything was going bad.
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Sve je išlo naopako.
01:18
Everything was going wrong.
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Sve je bilo loše.
01:21
We only ranked high when it comes to poverty,
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Visoko smo kotirani samo kada je siromaštvo u pitanju,
01:24
corruption,
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korupcija,
01:26
lack of freedom of speech,
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nedostatak slobode govora,
01:28
lack of political activism.
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manjak političkog aktivizma.
01:30
Those were the achievements
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To su bila dostignuća
01:32
of our great regime.
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naše velike vlade.
01:36
Yet, nothing was happening.
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Ipak, ništa se nije dešavalo.
01:38
And it's not because people were happy
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I to ne zato što su ljudi bili srećni
01:40
or people were not frustrated.
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ili jer nisu bili frustrirani.
01:43
In fact, people were extremely frustrated.
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U stvari, ljudi su bili strašno frustrirani.
01:45
But the reason why everyone was silent
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Ali razlog zbog kojeg su svi ćutali
01:48
is what I call the psychological barrier of fear.
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je ono što zovem psihološkom barijerom straha.
01:52
Everyone was scared.
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Svi su se bojali.
01:54
Not everyone. There were actually a few brave Egyptians
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Ne svi. Bilo je par hrabrih Egipćana
01:56
that I have to thank for being so brave --
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kojima moram zahvaliti što su bili hrabri -
01:59
going into protests as a couple of hundred,
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koji su išli u proteste kao da ih ima stotine,
02:02
getting beaten up and arrested.
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i bivali pretučeni i hapšeni.
02:05
But in fact, the majority were scared.
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Ali je većina bila prestrašena.
02:08
Everyone did not want really
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Niko zapravo nije želeo da
02:10
to get in trouble.
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upadne u nevolju.
02:12
A dictator cannot live without the force.
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Diktator ne može da opstane bez sile.
02:15
They want to make people live in fear.
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Oni žele da ljudi žve u strahu.
02:18
And that psychological barrier of fear
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I ta psihološka barijera straha
02:21
had worked for so many years,
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je uspevala toliko godina,
02:24
and here comes the Internet,
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i onda je došao internet,
02:26
technology, BlackBerry, SMS.
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tehnologija, blekberi, SMS.
02:29
It's helping all of us to connect.
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Pomaže nam da se povežemo.
02:32
Platforms like YouTube, Twitter, Facebook
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Platforme kao Jutjub, Tviter, Fejsbuk
02:36
were helping us a lot
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su nam mnogo pomogle,
02:38
because it basically gave us the impression that, "Wow, I'm not alone.
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jer nam u suštini daju utisak da nismo sami.
02:41
There are a lot of people who are frustrated."
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Mnogi ljudi su frustrirani.
02:43
There are lots of people who are frustrated.
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Ima gomile ljudi koji su frustrirani.
02:45
There are lots of people who actually share the same dream.
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Ima mnogo ljudi koji u suštini dele isti san.
02:48
There are lots of people who care about their freedom.
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Mnogim ljudima je stalo do slobode.
02:51
They probably have the best life in the world.
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Oni verovatno imaju najbolji život na svetu.
02:53
They are living in happiness. They are living in their villas.
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Žive u sreći. Žive u svojim vilama.
02:56
They are happy. They don't have problems.
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Srećni su, nemaju problema.
02:58
But they are still feeling the pain of the Egyptian.
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Ali i dalje osećaju bol Egipćana.
03:02
A lot of us, we're not really happy
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Mnogi od nas nisu srećni
03:04
when we see a video of an Egyptian man
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kada vide snimak egipatskog čoveka
03:06
who's eating the trash
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koji jede smeće
03:08
while others are stealing
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dok drugi kradu
03:10
billions of Egyptian pounds
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milijarde novca iz državnog
03:12
from the wealth of the country.
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bogatstva.
03:14
The Internet has played a great role,
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Internet je odigrao veliku ulogu,
03:16
helping these people to speak up their minds,
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pomažući ljudima da kažu šta misle,
03:19
to collaborate together, to start thinking together.
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da sarađuju, da počnu zajedno da razmišljaju.
03:22
It was an educational campaign.
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To je bila obrazovna kampanja.
03:25
Khaled Saeed was killed
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Kaled Said je ubijen
03:27
in June 2010.
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juna 2010.
03:30
I still remember the photo.
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I dalje se sećam te slike.
03:32
I still remember every single detail of that photo.
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I dalje se sećam svakog detalja sa fotografije.
03:35
The photo was horrible.
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Fotografija je bila užasna.
03:38
He was tortured,
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Bio je mučen,
03:40
brutally tortured to death.
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brutalno mučen do smrti.
03:42
But then what was the answer of the regime?
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I šta je bio odgovor vlasti?
03:45
"He choked on a pile of hash" --
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Udavio se smešom hašiša.
03:48
that was their answer:
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To je bio njihov odgovor.
03:50
"He's a criminal.
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"On je kriminalac.
03:52
He's someone who escaped from all these bad things."
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On je neko ko je pobegao od svih tih loših stvari."
03:54
But people did not relate to this.
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Ali ljudi se nisu srodili sa tim.
03:56
People did not believe this.
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Nisu verovali u to.
03:58
Because of the Internet, the truth prevailed
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Zbog interneta, istina je izašla na videlo
04:01
and everyone knew the truth.
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i svi su znali istinu.
04:03
And everyone started to think that "this guy could be my brother."
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I svi su počeli da razmišljaju "ovaj momak je mogao biti moj brat".
04:06
He was a middle-class guy.
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On je poticao iz srednje klase.
04:08
His photo was remembered by all of us.
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Svi smo zapamtili njegovu fotografiju.
04:11
A page was created.
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Stranica je napravljena.
04:13
An anonymous administrator
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Anonimni administrator
04:15
was basically inviting people to join the page,
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je ustvari zvao ljude da se pridruže stranici,
04:18
and there was no plan.
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i nije bilo nikakvog plana.
04:20
"What are we going to do?" "I don't know."
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"Šta ćemo da uradimo?" "Ne znam."
04:22
In a few days, tens of thousands of people there --
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Za par dana, desetine hiljada ljudi se priključilo -
04:25
angry Egyptians
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ljuti Egipćani
04:27
who were asking the ministry of interior affairs,
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koji su pitali ministra unutrašnjih poslova,
04:30
"Enough.
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"Dosta.
04:32
Get those who killed this guy.
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Dovedite one koji su ubili ovog
04:35
To just bring them to justice."
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momka pred lice pravde."
04:37
But of course, they don't listen.
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Ali naravno, nisu slušali.
04:39
It was an amazing story --
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Bila je to neverovatna priča -
04:41
how everyone started feeling the ownership.
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svu su počeli da osećaju vlasništvo.
04:44
Everyone was an owner in this page.
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Svi su bili vlasnici ove stranice.
04:46
People started contributing ideas.
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Ljudi su počeli da doprinose idejama.
04:48
In fact, one of the most ridiculous ideas
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U stvari, jedna od najbesmislenijih
04:51
was, "Hey, let's have a silent stand.
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je bila da se protestuje u tišini.
04:53
Let's get people to go in the street,
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Hajde da ljudi izađu na ulice,
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face the sea, their back to the street,
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okrenu lice ka moru, leđa ulici,
04:59
dressed in black, standing up silently for one hour,
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obučeni u crno i da u tišini stoje sat vremena,
05:02
doing nothing and then just leaving,
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ne radeći ništa i da jedostavno odu,
05:04
going back home."
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nazad kući.
05:06
For some people, that was like, "Wow, silent stand.
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Za neke ljude je to bilo kao: "Vau, protest u tišini.
05:09
And next time it's going to be vibration."
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A sledeći put neka bude vibracija."
05:11
People were making fun of the idea.
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Ljudi su ismevali ovu ideju.
05:14
But actually when people went to the street --
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Ali kada su ljudi izašli na ulice -
05:16
the first time it was thousands of people
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prvi put je bilo hiljade ljudi
05:18
in Alexandria --
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u Aleksandriji -
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it felt like -- it was amazing. It was great
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osećao sam se - bilo je sjajno. Neverovatno.
05:23
because it connected people from the virtual world,
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Jer su se povezali ljudi iz virtuelnog sveta,
05:25
bringing them to the real world,
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pojavili se u realnosti,
05:27
sharing the same dream,
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deleći isti san,
05:30
the same frustration, the same anger,
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istu frustraciju, isti bes,
05:32
the same desire for freedom.
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istu želju za slobodom.
05:34
And they were doing this thing.
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I radili su to.
05:36
But did the regime learn anything? Not really.
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Ali da li je režim nešto naučio? I ne baš.
05:38
They were actually attacking them.
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Oni su ih zapravo napadali.
05:40
They were actually abusing them,
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Zlostavljali su ih,
05:42
despite the fact of how peaceful these guys were --
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bez obzira koliko su ovi ljudi bili mirni -
05:44
they were not even protesting.
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nisu čak ni protestovali.
05:46
And things had developed
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I stvari su se razvijale
05:49
until the Tunisian revolution.
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do revolucije u Tunisu.
05:52
This whole page was, again,
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Čitavom ovom stranom su opet
05:54
managed by the people.
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upravljali ljudi.
05:56
In fact, the anonymous admin job
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Ustvari, posao anonimnog administratora
05:59
was to collect ideas,
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je bio da sakuplja ideje,
06:01
help people to vote on them
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da pomogne ljudima da glasaju za njih
06:03
and actually tell them what they are doing.
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i da im kaže šta da rade.
06:05
People were taking shots and photos;
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Ljudi su pravili snimke i fotografije;
06:07
people were reporting violations of human rights in Egypt;
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ljudi su prijavljivali nasilje Ljudskim pravima u Egiptu;
06:10
people were suggesting ideas,
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ljudi su predlagali ideje,
06:12
they were actually voting on ideas,
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glasali su za njih,
06:14
and then they were executing the ideas; people were creating videos.
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i onda su ih pretvarali u dela; ljudi su pravili snimke.
06:17
Everything was done by the people to the people,
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Sve su radili ljudi za ljude,
06:19
and that's the power of the Internet.
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i to je snaga interneta.
06:21
There was no leader.
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Nije bilo vođe.
06:23
The leader was everyone on that page.
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Svi na stranici su bili lideri.
06:26
The Tunisian experiment, as Amir was saying,
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Tunižanski eksperiment, kako je Amir rekao,
06:28
inspired all of us, showed us that there is a way.
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je inspirisao sve nas, pokazao nam da postoji način.
06:30
Yes we can. We can do it.
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Da možemo. Možemo to uraditi.
06:32
We have the same problems;
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Imamo iste probleme,
06:34
we can just go in the streets.
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možemo izaći na ulice.
06:36
And when I saw the street on the 25th,
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I kada sam video ulice 25.,
06:38
I went back and said,
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ustuknuo sam i rekao:
06:40
"Egypt before the 25th
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"Egipat pre 25. nikada
06:42
is never going to be Egypt after the 25th.
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neće biti Egipat nakon 25.
06:44
The revolution is happening.
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Revolucija se događa.
06:46
This is not the end,
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Ovo nije kraj,
06:48
this is the beginning of the end."
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ovo je početak kraja."
06:52
I was detained on the 27th night.
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Uhapšen sam uveče, 27.
06:56
Thank God I announced the locations and everything.
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Hvala bogu da sam objavio lokacije i ostalo.
06:59
But they detained me.
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Ali su me zadržali.
07:01
And I'm not going to talk about my experience, because this is not about me.
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I neću vam preneti svoje iskustvo, jer se ne radi o meni.
07:04
I was detained for 12 days,
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Bio sam zatvoren 12 dana,
07:06
blindfolded, handcuffed.
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povez preko očiju, lisice na rukama.
07:09
And I did not really hear anything. I did not know anything.
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I ništa nisam mogao da čujem. Ništa nisam znao.
07:12
I was not allowed to speak with anyone.
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Nisam smeo da pričam ni sa kim.
07:14
And I went out.
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I izašao sam.
07:16
The next day I was in Tahrir.
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Sledećeg dana sam bio u Tahriru.
07:18
Seriously, with the amount of change I had noticed in this square,
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Ozbiljno, količina promena koje sam video na trgu, pomislio sam
07:21
I thought it was 12 years.
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da je prošlo 12 godina.
07:24
I never had in my mind
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Nikad nisam pomislio
07:26
to see this Egyptian,
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da ću videti ove Egipćane,
07:28
the amazing Egyptian.
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sjajne Egipćane.
07:30
The fear is no longer fear.
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Strah više nije strah.
07:32
It's actually strength -- it's power.
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To je prava snaga - to je moć.
07:34
People were so empowered.
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Ljudi su bili tako osnaženi.
07:36
It was amazing how everyone was so empowered
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Bilo je sjajno kako su svi bili osnaženi
07:38
and now asking for their rights.
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i sada tražili svoja prava.
07:40
Completely opposite.
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Potpuno suprotno.
07:42
Extremism became tolerance.
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Ekstremizam je postao tolerancija.
07:45
Who would [have] imagined before the 25th,
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Ko bi pomislio pre 25.
07:47
if I tell you that hundreds of thousands of Christians are going to pray
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da će se stotine hiljada Hrišćana moliti
07:50
and tens of thousands of Muslims are going to protect them,
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a da će ih desetine hiljada Muslimana štititi,
07:53
and then hundreds of thousands of Muslims are going to pray
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i onda dok se stotine hiljada Muslimana mole,
07:55
and tens of thousands of Christians are going to protect them --
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da će ih desetine hiljada Hrišćana štititi -
07:57
this is amazing.
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to je sjajno.
07:59
All the stereotypes
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Svi stereotipi
08:01
that the regime was trying to put on us
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koje je režim probao da nam nametne
08:04
through their so-called propaganda, or mainstream media,
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putem svoje tvz propagande ili glavnih medija,
08:07
are proven wrong.
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nisu uspeli.
08:09
This whole revolution showed us
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Čitava ova revolucija nam je pokazala
08:11
how ugly such a regime was
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koliko ružan je bio takav režim
08:14
and how great and amazing
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i koliko su sjajni i veliki
08:16
the Egyptian man, the Egyptian woman,
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egipatski ljudi, egipatske žene,
08:19
how simple and amazing these people are
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koliko jednostavni i sjajni su ovi ljudi
08:21
whenever they have a dream.
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kada imaju san.
08:23
When I saw that,
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Kada sam to video,
08:25
I went back and I wrote on Facebook.
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vratio sam se i pisao na Fejsbuk.
08:28
And that was a personal belief,
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I to je bilo lično ubeđenje,
08:30
regardless of what's going on,
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bez ozbira šta se dešavalo,
08:32
regardless of the details.
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bez obzira na detalje.
08:34
I said that, "We are going to win.
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Rekao sam "Pobedićemo.
08:36
We are going to win because we don't understand politics.
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Pobedićemo jer ne razumemo politiku.
08:39
We're going to win because we don't play their dirty games.
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Pobedićemo jer ne igramo njihove prljave igre.
08:43
We're going to win because we don't have an agenda.
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Pobedićemo jer nemamo plan.
08:46
We're going to win because the tears that come from our eyes
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Pobedićemo jer suze koje dolaze iz naših očiju
08:49
actually come from our hearts.
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ustvari dolaze iz naših srca.
08:52
We're going to win because we have dreams.
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Pobedićemo jer imamo snove.
08:55
We're going to win because we are willing to stand up for our dreams."
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Pobedićemo jer smo spremni da se borimo za naše snove."
08:59
And that's actually what happened. We won.
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I to se i dogodilo. Pobedili smo.
09:02
And that's not because of anything,
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I to ni zbog čega drugog, nego
09:04
but because we believed in our dream.
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zbog toga što smo verovali u naš san.
09:06
The winning here is not
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Pobeda ovde nije
09:08
the whole details of what's going to happen in the political scene.
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govorila o tome šta će se dešavati na političkoj sceni.
09:11
The winning is the winning of the dignity
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Pobeda je pobeda dostojanstva
09:13
of every single Egyptian.
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svakog Egipćanina.
09:16
Actually, I had this taxi driver telling me,
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Jedan taksista mi je rekao:
09:19
"Listen, I am breathing freedom.
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"Slušaj, udišem slobodu.
09:22
I feel that I have dignity
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Osećam da imam dostojanstvo
09:24
that I have lost for so many years."
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koje nisam imao mnogo godina."
09:26
For me that's winning,
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Za mene, to je pobeda,
09:28
regardless of all the details.
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bez obzira na detalje.
09:30
My last word to you is a statement I believe in,
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Moja poslednja reč vama je izjava u koju verujem,
09:33
which Egyptians have proven to be true,
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čiju su tačnost Egipćani dokazali,
09:36
that the power of the people
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da je moć ljudi mnogo
09:38
is much stronger than the people in power.
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jača od ljudi koji imaju moć.
09:40
Thanks a lot.
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Mnogo hvala.
09:42
(Applause)
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(aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Wael Ghonim - Internet activist and computer engineerWael Ghonim believes that the Internet can be the most powerful platform for connecting humanity, if we can bring civility and thoughtful conversations back to it.
Why you should listen
Wael Ghonim is a computer engineer, an Internet activist, and a social entrepreneur. He is a co-founder of Parlio, a new media platform for public conversations that rewards civility, which has been acquired by Quora. Wael is a senior fellow at Ash Center for Democratic Governance at Harvard University.
Wael spent 6 years at Google during which he used to head up Marketing and Product in the MENA region responsible of driving the growth of Google's products across the region and evangelizing the use of the Internet and growing the Arabic content in the region.
In 2011, Wael was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, was named one of Time 100's most influential and received JFK Profile in Courage Award. Coined the "keyboard freedom fighter," he used the power of the internet and social media to fight for social justice, democracy and human rights in Egypt.
He is the founder of "Tahrir Academy", a nonprofit online knowledge sharing platform for Arab youth. Wael received his Bachelor's Degree in Computer Engineering from Cairo University and earned an MBA from the American University in Cairo.
Wael Ghonim | Speaker | TED.com