TED2011
Wael Ghonim: Inside the Egyptian revolution
Wael Ghonim : 埃及革命的内幕
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Wael Ghonim 是谷歌（Google）的行銷經理，他幫助發起了埃及的民主革命， 一切都開始於臉書上一個紀念埃及政府暴力受害者的網頁。Wael在TEDxCairo的演講裏敍述了過去兩個月的内幕，在同一段時間裏，埃及人民亦證明了“人們的力量更勝過當權者的力量”。
Wael Ghonim - Internet activist and computer engineer
Wael Ghonim believes that the Internet can be the most powerful platform for connecting humanity, if we can bring civility and thoughtful conversations back to it. Full bio
Wael Ghonim believes that the Internet can be the most powerful platform for connecting humanity, if we can bring civility and thoughtful conversations back to it. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
This is Revolution 2.0.
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這是革命2.0。
00:18
No one was a hero. No one was a hero.
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沒有任何人是英雄。
00:21
Because everyone was a hero.
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因爲每個人都是英雄。
00:25
Everyone has done something.
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每個人都作了一些事
00:28
We all use Wikipedia.
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我們都用維基百科
00:30
If you think of the concept of Wikipedia
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試想想維基百科的基本概念
00:32
where everyone is collaborating on content,
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在維基百科裏每個人都合作編輯内容
00:35
and at the end of the day
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到頭來
00:37
you've built the largest encyclopedia in the world.
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你將會有全世界最大的百科全書
00:41
From just an idea that sounded crazy,
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從這個聼起來有點瘋狂的主意
00:43
you have the largest encyclopedia in the world.
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實作起來你卻會得到全世界最大的百科全書。
00:46
And in the Egyptian revolution,
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在埃及的革命裏
00:48
the Revolution 2.0,
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革命2.0
00:50
everyone has contributed something,
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每個人都作出了一點貢獻
00:52
small or big. They contributed something --
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或大或小，都作出了一點貢獻
00:55
to bring us
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這帶給我們
00:57
one of the most inspiring stories
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在人類歷史裏
01:00
in the history of mankind
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所有關於革命的故事中
01:02
when it comes to revolutions.
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一個最發人深省的故事。
01:04
It was actually really inspiring
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能看到所有的埃及人
01:06
to see all these Egyptians completely changing.
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有如此完全的改變，這是很讓人鼓舞的。
01:09
If you look at the scene,
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如果你看著局勢的演變
01:11
Egypt, for 30 years, had been in a downhill --
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埃及，近30年以來，一直處在劣勢
01:14
going into a downhill.
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一直在走下坡。
01:16
Everything was going bad.
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全都是壞事
01:18
Everything was going wrong.
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全都是糟糕的事
01:21
We only ranked high when it comes to poverty,
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我們名列前茅的就只有貧窮、
01:24
corruption,
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貪腐、
01:26
lack of freedom of speech,
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缺乏言論自由、
01:28
lack of political activism.
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及缺乏政治參與等這類壞事。
01:30
Those were the achievements
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這都是我們偉大政府的
01:32
of our great regime.
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偉大成就。
01:36
Yet, nothing was happening.
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然而，一切還是毫無改變。
01:38
And it's not because people were happy
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這不是因爲人民很高興
01:40
or people were not frustrated.
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或是不感到焦慮。
01:43
In fact, people were extremely frustrated.
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事實上，人民是十分的感到焦慮。
01:45
But the reason why everyone was silent
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大家之所以保持靜默
01:48
is what I call the psychological barrier of fear.
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是因爲我所謂的恐懼的心理障礙。
01:52
Everyone was scared.
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大家都感到害怕。
01:54
Not everyone. There were actually a few brave Egyptians
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並不是每一個人。事實上的確有幾個勇敢的埃及人
01:56
that I have to thank for being so brave --
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我要感謝他們是如此地勇敢
01:59
going into protests as a couple of hundred,
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有幾百個人走上街頭來抗議
02:02
getting beaten up and arrested.
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他們被打被抓。
02:05
But in fact, the majority were scared.
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然而事實上，大部分的人是害怕的
02:08
Everyone did not want really
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每一個人都不想真正地
02:10
to get in trouble.
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惹上麻煩。
02:12
A dictator cannot live without the force.
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獨裁者少不了武力
02:15
They want to make people live in fear.
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他們要讓人民活在恐懼裏。
02:18
And that psychological barrier of fear
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而那恐懼的心理障礙
02:21
had worked for so many years,
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這麽多年來都很有效
02:24
and here comes the Internet,
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而接下來有了網路
02:26
technology, BlackBerry, SMS.
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科技、黑莓機、簡訊。
02:29
It's helping all of us to connect.
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這些科技幫助了我們大家聯係。
02:32
Platforms like YouTube, Twitter, Facebook
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像YouTube、推特、臉書等的平臺
02:36
were helping us a lot
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給了我們很大的幫助
02:38
because it basically gave us the impression that, "Wow, I'm not alone.
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因爲基本上那使我們覺得，“我並不孤單。
02:41
There are a lot of people who are frustrated."
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很多人也跟我一樣地深感焦慮。”
02:43
There are lots of people who are frustrated.
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有很多人感到焦慮。
02:45
There are lots of people who actually share the same dream.
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事實上有很多人有相同的夢想。
02:48
There are lots of people who care about their freedom.
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有很多人很在乎自己的自由。
02:51
They probably have the best life in the world.
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他們大概有全世界裏最棒的生活
02:53
They are living in happiness. They are living in their villas.
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他們活在幸福裏。他們住在他們的別墅裏
02:56
They are happy. They don't have problems.
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他們很高興，他們沒有煩惱
02:58
But they are still feeling the pain of the Egyptian.
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但是他們仍然感受到埃及人民的痛楚
03:02
A lot of us, we're not really happy
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我們裏面很多人不真的覺得高興
03:04
when we see a video of an Egyptian man
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當我們在一部影片裏看到一個埃及人
03:06
who's eating the trash
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在吃垃圾
03:08
while others are stealing
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而其他人在同時
03:10
billions of Egyptian pounds
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從國家人民的財富裏
03:12
from the wealth of the country.
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偷了幾十億的埃及鎊。
03:14
The Internet has played a great role,
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網路扮演了一個重要的角色
03:16
helping these people to speak up their minds,
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幫助了這些人說出了他們的心聲
03:19
to collaborate together, to start thinking together.
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一起合作，開始一起思考
03:22
It was an educational campaign.
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那是一個教育性質的活動
03:25
Khaled Saeed was killed
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Khaled Saeed 被殺死了
03:27
in June 2010.
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在2010年6月。
03:30
I still remember the photo.
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我還記得那張照片
03:32
I still remember every single detail of that photo.
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我仍記得那張照片裏的每個細節
03:35
The photo was horrible.
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那張照片是很恐怖的
03:38
He was tortured,
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他被刑求
03:40
brutally tortured to death.
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殘酷地被折磨至死
03:42
But then what was the answer of the regime?
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然而政府當局的回答是什麽？
03:45
"He choked on a pile of hash" --
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他是被一團大麻嗆死的
03:48
that was their answer:
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這是他們的回答：
03:50
"He's a criminal.
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“他是個罪犯
03:52
He's someone who escaped from all these bad things."
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他是個逃避所有壞事的人。”
03:54
But people did not relate to this.
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但是人們並不這麽想
03:56
People did not believe this.
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人們並不相信這個説辭
03:58
Because of the Internet, the truth prevailed
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因爲有了網路，真相被公佈
04:01
and everyone knew the truth.
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大家都知道了真相
04:03
And everyone started to think that "this guy could be my brother."
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大家開始去想，“這個人也可能是我兄弟。”
04:06
He was a middle-class guy.
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他是個中產階級
04:08
His photo was remembered by all of us.
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我們大家都還記得他的照片
04:11
A page was created.
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有人開了一個網頁
04:13
An anonymous administrator
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一個匿名的網頁管理者
04:15
was basically inviting people to join the page,
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基本上在邀請人們加入這個網頁
04:18
and there was no plan.
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那時還沒有任何計劃
04:20
"What are we going to do?" "I don't know."
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“我們要作什麽？”“我不知道”
04:22
In a few days, tens of thousands of people there --
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幾天内，聚集了上千上萬的
04:25
angry Egyptians
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憤怒的埃及人
04:27
who were asking the ministry of interior affairs,
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要求内政部
04:30
"Enough.
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“我們受夠了
04:32
Get those who killed this guy.
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把殺他的人揪出來
04:35
To just bring them to justice."
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將他們繩之於法。”
04:37
But of course, they don't listen.
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但是，當然，他們不聼
04:39
It was an amazing story --
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那是一個不可思議的故事
04:41
how everyone started feeling the ownership.
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每個人是如何開始覺得這與自己切身相關
04:44
Everyone was an owner in this page.
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每個人都是該網頁的主人
04:46
People started contributing ideas.
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人們開始提出主意
04:48
In fact, one of the most ridiculous ideas
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事實上，其中最奇怪的主意之一是
04:51
was, "Hey, let's have a silent stand.
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嘿，讓我們來個無言的靜立
04:53
Let's get people to go in the street,
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讓我們找人上街頭
04:56
face the sea, their back to the street,
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面對海，背對街
04:59
dressed in black, standing up silently for one hour,
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身穿黑衣，靜靜地站立一個小時
05:02
doing nothing and then just leaving,
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什麽都不作，然後就那麼
05:04
going back home."
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掉頭回家
05:06
For some people, that was like, "Wow, silent stand.
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對某些人而言，這就像，“哇，先是靜音
05:09
And next time it's going to be vibration."
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下一次就是震動模式。”
05:11
People were making fun of the idea.
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人們拿這個主意在開玩笑
05:14
But actually when people went to the street --
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實際上當人們真的走上街頭的時候
05:16
the first time it was thousands of people
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第一次有數千人
05:18
in Alexandria --
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在亞歷山大港
05:20
it felt like -- it was amazing. It was great
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那感覺起來，是令人驚異的、是偉大的。
05:23
because it connected people from the virtual world,
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因爲人們先在虛擬的世界裏聯係上了
05:25
bringing them to the real world,
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再被帶到真實的世界裏
05:27
sharing the same dream,
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分享了同樣的夢想
05:30
the same frustration, the same anger,
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同樣的焦慮、同樣的憤怒
05:32
the same desire for freedom.
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同樣的對自由的渴望
05:34
And they were doing this thing.
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他們在做這件事
05:36
But did the regime learn anything? Not really.
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然而政府當局學到什麽了嗎？並沒有
05:38
They were actually attacking them.
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當局反而攻擊了他們、
05:40
They were actually abusing them,
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淩辱了他們
05:42
despite the fact of how peaceful these guys were --
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儘管這些人是如此地和平
05:44
they were not even protesting.
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他們甚至不是在抗議呢
05:46
And things had developed
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事情後來又繼續演變
05:49
until the Tunisian revolution.
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直到突尼西亞革命。
05:52
This whole page was, again,
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這一整頁，又
05:54
managed by the people.
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再度由人們來管理
05:56
In fact, the anonymous admin job
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事實上，匿名的管理工作
05:59
was to collect ideas,
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是去收集主意
06:01
help people to vote on them
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幫助人們來票選
06:03
and actually tell them what they are doing.
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並確切告訴他們他們在做什麽
06:05
People were taking shots and photos;
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人們在照相
06:07
people were reporting violations of human rights in Egypt;
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人們在舉發在埃及國内違反人權的事件
06:10
people were suggesting ideas,
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人們在提出主意
06:12
they were actually voting on ideas,
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他們實際上在票選主意
06:14
and then they were executing the ideas; people were creating videos.
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接下來他們便執行那些主意、拍影片
06:17
Everything was done by the people to the people,
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所有的事都是由人民為人民作的
06:19
and that's the power of the Internet.
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這就是網路的力量。
06:21
There was no leader.
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沒有領導者
06:23
The leader was everyone on that page.
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每個在網頁上的人都是領導者
06:26
The Tunisian experiment, as Amir was saying,
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突尼西亞的試驗，正如Amir所說的
06:28
inspired all of us, showed us that there is a way.
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帶給我們啓發，讓我們看到了這條可行的路
06:30
Yes we can. We can do it.
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是的，我們可以，我們辦得到
06:32
We have the same problems;
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我們都面對同樣的因難
06:34
we can just go in the streets.
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我們都可以走上街頭
06:36
And when I saw the street on the 25th,
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當我看到了25號那天街上的情景後
06:38
I went back and said,
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我回到家說
06:40
"Egypt before the 25th
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“25號前的埃及
06:42
is never going to be Egypt after the 25th.
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和25號以後的埃及將會完全不一樣了
06:44
The revolution is happening.
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革命正在發生
06:46
This is not the end,
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這不是結束
06:48
this is the beginning of the end."
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這是個結束的開端。”
06:52
I was detained on the 27th night.
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我在27號的晚上被拘禁
06:56
Thank God I announced the locations and everything.
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感謝上天我公佈了我的地點和所有事項。
06:59
But they detained me.
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但是他們把我扣留住
07:01
And I'm not going to talk about my experience, because this is not about me.
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我並不是要在這裡談論的我的經歷，因爲小我並是不重要
07:04
I was detained for 12 days,
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我被拘留了12天
07:06
blindfolded, handcuffed.
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眼被矇起來，手被銬著
07:09
And I did not really hear anything. I did not know anything.
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我什麽也沒聽到，我什麽也不知道
07:12
I was not allowed to speak with anyone.
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我沒辨法跟任何人説話
07:14
And I went out.
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我出來了
07:16
The next day I was in Tahrir.
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隔天我到了Tahir廣場
07:18
Seriously, with the amount of change I had noticed in this square,
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講認真的，從我觀察到的改變
07:21
I thought it was 12 years.
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我以爲這之間相隔了12年
07:24
I never had in my mind
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我從未想過有一天
07:26
to see this Egyptian,
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我會看到這樣的埃及人
07:28
the amazing Egyptian.
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這麽讓人驚訝的埃及人
07:30
The fear is no longer fear.
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恐懼已不再是恐懼
07:32
It's actually strength -- it's power.
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已經轉換成了力量，
07:34
People were so empowered.
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人們得到了很大的力量
07:36
It was amazing how everyone was so empowered
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看到大家都如此地有力是不可思議的
07:38
and now asking for their rights.
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進一步來要求他們的權利
07:40
Completely opposite.
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情勢完全倒轉
07:42
Extremism became tolerance.
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極端主義變成寬容
07:45
Who would [have] imagined before the 25th,
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在25號以前誰能想得到
07:47
if I tell you that hundreds of thousands of Christians are going to pray
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如果我告訴你，成千上萬的基督徒將會祈禱
07:50
and tens of thousands of Muslims are going to protect them,
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成千上萬的回教徒將會保護他們
07:53
and then hundreds of thousands of Muslims are going to pray
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成千上萬的回教徒也將會祈禱
07:55
and tens of thousands of Christians are going to protect them --
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成千上萬的基督徒也會保護他們
07:57
this is amazing.
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這真是太令人驚嘆了。
07:59
All the stereotypes
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所有的刻板印象
08:01
that the regime was trying to put on us
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這個政府當局想要灌輸給我們的
08:04
through their so-called propaganda, or mainstream media,
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透過所謂的文宣，主流媒體來傳導的
08:07
are proven wrong.
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都被證明是錯的。
08:09
This whole revolution showed us
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這一場革命讓我們看到了
08:11
how ugly such a regime was
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這個政權是多麽的醜惡
08:14
and how great and amazing
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而埃及的男人及埃及的女人們
08:16
the Egyptian man, the Egyptian woman,
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又是多麽的偉大。
08:19
how simple and amazing these people are
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當他們有個夢想時
08:21
whenever they have a dream.
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他們是多麽簡單又偉大。
08:23
When I saw that,
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當我看到這
08:25
I went back and I wrote on Facebook.
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我回家在臉書上留了言
08:28
And that was a personal belief,
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那是我個人的信仰
08:30
regardless of what's going on,
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跟發生了的事無關
08:32
regardless of the details.
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跟事情的細節無關
08:34
I said that, "We are going to win.
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我寫道，“我們將會取得勝利
08:36
We are going to win because we don't understand politics.
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我們將會勝利因爲我們不懂政治
08:39
We're going to win because we don't play their dirty games.
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我們將會勝利因爲我們不玩骯髒的把戲
08:43
We're going to win because we don't have an agenda.
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我們將會勝利因爲我們沒有既定的目標
08:46
We're going to win because the tears that come from our eyes
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我們將會勝利因爲我們眼中流出的淚
08:49
actually come from our hearts.
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是從我們的真心流出來的
08:52
We're going to win because we have dreams.
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我們將會勝利因爲我們還有夢想
08:55
We're going to win because we are willing to stand up for our dreams."
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我們將會勝利因爲我們願意為我們的夢想奮戰。”
08:59
And that's actually what happened. We won.
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後來, 我們真的贏了。
09:02
And that's not because of anything,
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不是因爲別的
09:04
but because we believed in our dream.
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只是因爲我們相信我們的夢想
09:06
The winning here is not
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這個勝利不在于
09:08
the whole details of what's going to happen in the political scene.
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在政治舞台上將會發生的改變
09:11
The winning is the winning of the dignity
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這個勝利在於贏囘了
09:13
of every single Egyptian.
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每個埃及人的尊嚴。
09:16
Actually, I had this taxi driver telling me,
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實際上，有個計程車司機告訴我
09:19
"Listen, I am breathing freedom.
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“聼，我在呼吸自由
09:22
I feel that I have dignity
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我又重新感受到了
09:24
that I have lost for so many years."
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那失去了多年的尊嚴。”
09:26
For me that's winning,
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對我而言，那才是勝利
09:28
regardless of all the details.
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和所有的細節無關。
09:30
My last word to you is a statement I believe in,
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我最後要告訴你的是一個我所相信的理念,
09:33
which Egyptians have proven to be true,
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埃及的人民也證明了這個理念
09:36
that the power of the people
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這個理念就是
09:38
is much stronger than the people in power.
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人民的力量遠遠勝過了當權者的力量。
09:40
Thanks a lot.
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謝謝大家
09:42
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Wael Ghonim - Internet activist and computer engineerWael Ghonim believes that the Internet can be the most powerful platform for connecting humanity, if we can bring civility and thoughtful conversations back to it.
Why you should listen
Wael Ghonim is a computer engineer, an Internet activist, and a social entrepreneur. He is a co-founder of Parlio, a new media platform for public conversations that rewards civility, which has been acquired by Quora. Wael is a senior fellow at Ash Center for Democratic Governance at Harvard University.
Wael spent 6 years at Google during which he used to head up Marketing and Product in the MENA region responsible of driving the growth of Google's products across the region and evangelizing the use of the Internet and growing the Arabic content in the region.
In 2011, Wael was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, was named one of Time 100's most influential and received JFK Profile in Courage Award. Coined the "keyboard freedom fighter," he used the power of the internet and social media to fight for social justice, democracy and human rights in Egypt.
He is the founder of "Tahrir Academy", a nonprofit online knowledge sharing platform for Arab youth. Wael received his Bachelor's Degree in Computer Engineering from Cairo University and earned an MBA from the American University in Cairo.
Wael Ghonim | Speaker | TED.com