TEDxNASA@SiliconValley
Bilal Bomani: Plant fuels that could power a jet
Bilal Bomani: Sadite biljke koje bi mogle da napajaju mlazne avione
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Alge plus slana voda daju... Gorivo? Na TEDxNASA@SiliconValley, Bilal Bomani otkriva samoodrživi ekosistem koji proizvodi biogoriva - bez traćenja obradive zemlje ili sveže vode.
Bilal Bomani - NASA scientist
Bilal Bomani runs NASA’s Greenlab research facility, where he is developing the next generation of biofuels. Full bio
Bilal Bomani runs NASA’s Greenlab research facility, where he is developing the next generation of biofuels. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
What I'm going to do is, I'm going to explain to you
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Sada ću vam objasniti
00:18
an extreme green concept
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ekstremno ekološki koncept
00:20
that was developed at NASA's Glenn Research Center
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koji je razvijen u NASA-inom
Istraživačkom centru Glen
Istraživačkom centru Glen
00:23
in Cleveland, Ohio.
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u Klivlendu u Ohaju.
Ali pre nego što uradim to,
moramo da prođemo
moramo da prođemo
00:25
But before I do that, we have to go over
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definiciju toga šta je zapravo ekološki
00:27
the definition of what green is,
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00:29
'cause a lot of us have a
different definition of it.
different definition of it.
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jer mnogi od nas imaju
različite definicije toga.
različite definicije toga.
00:32
Green. The product is created through
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Zeleno. Proizvod je dobijen sredstvima
00:34
environmentally and socially conscious means.
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koja su ekološki i društveno svesna.
00:36
There's plenty of things that
are being called green now.
are being called green now.
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Dosta stvari se sada naziva zelenim.
00:39
What does it actually mean?
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Šta to zapravo znači?
00:41
We use three metrics to determine green.
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Za određivanje toga šta je zeleno
koristimo tri mere.
koristimo tri mere.
00:44
The first metric is: Is it sustainable?
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Prva je: da li je održivo?
00:48
Which means, are you preserving
what you are doing for future use
what you are doing for future use
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To znači, da li čuvate ono što radite
za buduću upotrebu
za buduću upotrebu
00:51
or for future generations?
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ili za buduće generacije?
00:54
Is it alternative? Is it different
than what is being used today,
than what is being used today,
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Da li je alternativno? Da li je drugačije
od onoga što se trenutno koristi
od onoga što se trenutno koristi
00:58
or does it have a lower carbon footprint
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ili ima manje emisije ugljenika
01:00
than what's used conventionally?
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od onog što se obično koristi?
01:03
And three: Is it renewable?
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I treće: da li je obnovljivo?
01:06
Does it come from Earth's
natural replenishing resources,
natural replenishing resources,
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Da li potiče od prirodnih obnovljivih
resursa planete Zemlje,
resursa planete Zemlje,
01:09
such as sun, wind and water?
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poput sunca, vetra i vode?
01:13
Now, my task at NASA is to develop
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Moj zadatak u NASA-i je da razvijem
01:16
the next generation of aviation fuels.
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sledeću generaciju vazduhoplovnih goriva.
01:19
Extreme green. Why aviation?
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Ekstremno zelenih.
Zašto vazduhoplovnih?
Zašto vazduhoplovnih?
01:22
The field of aviation uses more fuel than just about
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Polje vazduhoplovstva koristi
više goriva od skoro svih drugih zajedno.
više goriva od skoro svih drugih zajedno.
01:26
every other combined. We need to find an alternative.
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Moramo da pronađemo alternativu.
01:31
Also it's a national aeronautics directive.
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To je takođe i naređenje
državne aeroanutike.
državne aeroanutike.
01:34
One of the national aeronautics goals is to develop
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Jedan od ciljeva državne aeronautike
je da se razvije
je da se razvije
01:36
the next generation of fuels, biofuels,
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sledeća generacija goriva, biogoriva,
01:39
using domestic and safe, friendly resources.
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koristeći domaće i bezbedne,
prijateljske resurse.
prijateljske resurse.
01:43
Now, combating that challenge
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Dok se hvatamo u koštac sa tim izazovom,
01:45
we have to also meet the big three metric —
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takođe dolazimo u susret velike tri mere -
01:48
Actually, extreme green for us is all three together;
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zapravo, ekstremno zeleno je za nas
sve tri njih zajedno,
sve tri njih zajedno,
01:52
that's why you see the plus
there. I was told to say that.
there. I was told to say that.
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zato tamo vidite plus.
Rečeno mi je da kažem to.
Rečeno mi je da kažem to.
01:55
So it has to be the big three at
GRC. That's another metric.
GRC. That's another metric.
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Moraju biti velike tri na ICG.
To je još jedna mera.
To je još jedna mera.
02:00
Ninety-seven percent of the
world's water is saltwater.
world's water is saltwater.
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97% svetske vode je slano.
02:06
How about we use that?
Combine that with number three.
Combine that with number three.
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Da iskoristimo to?
Kombinujte to sa brojkom tri.
Kombinujte to sa brojkom tri.
02:10
Do not use arable land.
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Ne koristite obradivu zemlju.
02:13
Because crops are already growing on that land
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Uslovi već rastu na tom tlu
02:15
that's very scarce around the world.
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koje je veoma retko širom sveta.
02:18
Number two: Don't compete with food crops.
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Broj dva: ne pravite konkurenciju
usevima hrane.
usevima hrane.
02:21
That's already a well established
entity, they don't need another entry.
entity, they don't need another entry.
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To je već dobro ustanovljen entitet,
ne treba im još jedan unos.
ne treba im još jedan unos.
02:25
And lastly the most precious resource we have on this Earth
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Konačno, najdragoceniji resurs na Zemlji
02:29
is fresh water. Don't use fresh water.
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je sveža voda. Ne koristite svežu vodu.
02:34
If 97.5 percent of the world's water is saltwater,
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Ako je 97,5% svetske vode slano,
02:37
2.5 percent is fresh water. Less than a half percent
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2,5% je sveže. Manje od pola procenta toga
02:40
of that is accessible for human use.
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dostupno je za ljudsku upotrebu.
02:42
But 60 percent of the population
lives within that one percent.
lives within that one percent.
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Ali 60% populacije živi
sa tim jednim procentom.
sa tim jednim procentom.
02:46
So, combating my problem was, now I have to be extreme green
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Borba sa mojim problemom značila je
da moram da budem ekstremno zelen
da moram da budem ekstremno zelen
02:51
and meet the big three. Ladies and gentlemen,
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i ispunim velika tri uslova.
Dame i gospodo,
Dame i gospodo,
02:53
welcome to the GreenLab Research Facility.
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dobrodošli u Istraživački centar GreenLab.
02:57
This is a facility dedicated to the next generation
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U ovoj ustanovi posvećeni smo
novoj generaciji
novoj generaciji
02:59
of aviation fuels using halophytes.
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vazduhoplovnih goriva, koristeći halofite.
03:03
A halophyte is a salt-tolerating plant.
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Halofita je biljka koja toleriše so.
03:06
Most plants don't like salt, but halophytes tolerate salt.
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Većina biljaka ne voli so,
ali halofite je tolerišu.
ali halofite je tolerišu.
03:10
We also are using weeds
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Takođe koristimo korovske biljke
03:13
and we are also using algae.
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kao i alge.
03:16
The good thing about our lab is, we've had
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Dobra stvar u vezi s našom laboratorijom
03:18
3,600 visitors in the last two years.
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je to što smo u poslednje dve godine
imali 3600 posetilaca.
imali 3600 posetilaca.
03:21
Why do you think that's so?
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Šta mislite, zašto?
03:23
Because we are on to something special.
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Zato što smo na pragu nečeg posebnog.
03:27
So, in the lower you see the GreenLab obviously,
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U donjem delu očigledno
možete videti GreenLab,
možete videti GreenLab,
03:29
and on the right hand side you'll see algae.
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a sa desne strane vidite alge.
03:32
If you are into the business of the next generation
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Ukoliko se bavite novom generacijom
03:35
of aviation fuels, algae is a viable option,
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vazduhoplovnih goriva,
alge su održivo rešenje,
alge su održivo rešenje,
03:37
there's a lot of funding right now,
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postoji dosta finansiranja trenutno
03:39
and we have an algae to fuels program.
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i imamo program algi za gorivo.
03:41
There's two types of algae growing.
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Rastu dve vrste algi.
03:43
One is a closed photobioreactor that you see here,
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Jedna je zatvoreni fotobioreaktor
koga ovde vidite
koga ovde vidite
03:46
and what you see on the other side is our species —
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a sa druge strane je naša vrsta -
03:50
we are currently using a species
called Scenedesmus dimorphus.
called Scenedesmus dimorphus.
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trenutno koristimo vrstu koja se zove
Scenedesmus dimorphus.
Scenedesmus dimorphus.
03:54
Our job at NASA is to take the
experimental and computational
experimental and computational
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Naše zaduženje u NASA-i je da uzmemo
eksperimentalno i računarsko
eksperimentalno i računarsko
03:58
and make a better mixing for
the closed photobioreactors.
the closed photobioreactors.
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i napravimo bolju smešu
za zatvorene fotobioreaktore.
za zatvorene fotobioreaktore.
04:03
Now the problems with closed photobioreactors are:
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Problemi sa zatvorenim
fotobioreaktorima su sledeći:
fotobioreaktorima su sledeći:
04:05
They are quite expensive, they are automated,
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prilično su skupi, automatizovani su
04:07
and it's very difficult to get them in large scale.
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i veoma je teško dobiti ih
u velikoj razmeri.
u velikoj razmeri.
04:10
So on large scale what do they use?
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Šta oni koriste na velikoj razmeri?
04:12
We use open pond systems. Now, around the world
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Koristimo sisteme otvorenih bara.
Alge se uzgajaju
Alge se uzgajaju
04:15
they are growing algae, with this racetrack design
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širom sveta, sa ovim dizajnom
staze za trkanje
staze za trkanje
04:19
that you see here. Looks like an oval with
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koje ovde vidite. Izgleda kao elipsa
04:21
a paddle wheel and mixes really well,
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sa točkom i meša se veoma dobro,
04:24
but when it gets around the last turn,
which I call turn four — it's stagnant.
which I call turn four — it's stagnant.
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ali kad obiđe poslednju krivinu,
koju zovem četvrtom - stagnira.
koju zovem četvrtom - stagnira.
04:28
We actually have a solution for that.
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Zapravo imamo rešenje za to.
04:30
In the GreenLab in our open pond system
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U našem sistemu otvorene bare
u GreenLab-u
u GreenLab-u
04:33
we use something that happens in nature: waves.
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koristimo nešto što se dešava
i u prirodi - talase.
i u prirodi - talase.
04:36
We actually use wave technology
on our open pond systems.
on our open pond systems.
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U svojim sistemima otvorenih bara
zapravo koristimo tehnologiju talasa.
zapravo koristimo tehnologiju talasa.
04:39
We have 95 percent mixing
and our lipid content is higher
and our lipid content is higher
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Imamo smešu od 95%
i naš sadržaj masti je viši
i naš sadržaj masti je viši
04:44
than a closed photobioreactor system,
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nego kod sistema sa zatvorenim
fotobioreaktorom,
fotobioreaktorom,
04:47
which we think is significant.
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što smatramo da je bitno.
04:49
There is a drawback to algae,
however: It's very expensive.
however: It's very expensive.
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Ipak, postoji mana algi - veoma su skupe.
04:53
Is there a way to produce algae inexpensively?
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Postoji li način
da se alge jeftino proizvode?
da se alge jeftino proizvode?
04:58
And the answer is: yes.
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Odgovor je: da.
05:00
We do the same thing we do with halophytes,
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Radimo istu stvar kao i sa halofitama,
05:03
and that is: climatic adaptation.
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a to je klimatska adaptacija.
05:07
In our GreenLab we have six primary ecosystems
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U GreenLab-u imamo šest
primarnih ekosistema
primarnih ekosistema
05:09
that range from freshwater all the way to saltwater.
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koji variraju od sveže do slane vode.
05:13
What we do: We take a potential species, we start at freshwater,
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Mi uzimamo potencijalnu vrstu,
počinjemo sa slanom vodom,
počinjemo sa slanom vodom,
05:17
we add a little bit more salt, when the second tank here
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dodamo još malo soli,
ovaj drugi akvarijum
ovaj drugi akvarijum
05:20
will be the same ecosystem as Brazil —
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biće isti ekosistem kao Brazil -
05:22
right next to the sugar cane
fields you can have our plants —
fields you can have our plants —
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odmah pored šećerne trske
možete imati naše biljke -
možete imati naše biljke -
05:25
the next tank represents Africa, the next tank represents Arizona,
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sledeći akvarijum je Afrika,
naredni je Arizona,
naredni je Arizona,
05:29
the next tank represents Florida,
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posle toga ide Florida,
05:32
and the next tank represents
California or the open ocean.
California or the open ocean.
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sledeći akvarijum je Kalifornija
ili otvoreni okean.
ili otvoreni okean.
05:35
What we are trying to do is to
come up with a single species
come up with a single species
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Mi pokušavamo da smislimo
jednu vrstu
jednu vrstu
05:40
that can survive anywhere in the
world, where there's barren desert.
world, where there's barren desert.
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koja može da preživi bilo gde u svetu,
gde je gola pustinja.
gde je gola pustinja.
05:46
We are being very successful so far.
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Do sada smo veoma uspešni.
05:48
Now, here's one of the problems.
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Evo jednog od problema.
05:50
If you are a farmer, you need five things
to be successful: You need seeds,
to be successful: You need seeds,
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Ako ste poljoprivrednik, potrebno vam je
pet stvari za uspeh: seme,
pet stvari za uspeh: seme,
05:56
you need soil, you need water and you need sun,
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zemlja, voda i sunce,
06:00
and the last thing that you need is fertilizer.
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i poslednja stvar je đubrivo.
06:03
Most people use chemical fertilizers. But guess what?
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Većina ljudi koristi hemijska đubriva.
Ali čik pogodite -
Ali čik pogodite -
06:07
We do not use chemical fertilizer.
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mi ih ne koristimo. Samo malo!
06:09
Wait a second! I just saw lots of greenery in
your GreenLab. You have to use fertilizer.
your GreenLab. You have to use fertilizer.
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Kod vas u laboratoriji video sam
dosta zelenila. Mora da koristite đubrivo.
dosta zelenila. Mora da koristite đubrivo.
06:15
Believe it or not, in our analysis
of our saltwater ecosystems
of our saltwater ecosystems
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Verovali ili ne, u našoj analizi
ekosistema slane vode,
ekosistema slane vode,
06:19
80 percent of what we need are in these tanks themselves.
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80% onoga što nam je potrebno
je u samim ovim akvarijumima.
je u samim ovim akvarijumima.
06:23
The 20 percent that's missing
is nitrogen and phosphorous.
is nitrogen and phosphorous.
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20% kojih nedostaje su azot i fosfor.
06:27
We have a natural solution: fish.
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Imamo prirodno rešenje: ribe.
06:29
No we don't cut up the fish and put them in there.
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Mi ih ne isečemo i ostavimo tamo.
06:32
Fish waste is what we use. As a matter of fact
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Koristimo riblji otpad.
06:36
we use freshwater mollies, that we've
used our climatic adaptation technique
used our climatic adaptation technique
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Zapravo koristimo vrstu ribe moli,
kao sa tehnikom klimatske adaptacije
kao sa tehnikom klimatske adaptacije
06:41
from freshwater all the way to seawater.
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od sveže sve do slane vode.
06:44
Freshwater mollies: cheap, they love to make babies,
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Slatkovodne ribe moli: jeftine su,
obožavaju da se razmnožavaju
obožavaju da se razmnožavaju
06:51
and they love to go to the bathroom.
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i obožavaju da vrše nuždu.
06:52
And the more they go to the
bathroom, the more fertilizer we get,
bathroom, the more fertilizer we get,
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A što više vrše nuždu,
mi dobijamo više đubriva
mi dobijamo više đubriva
06:55
the better off we are, believe it or not.
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i bolje nam je, verovali ili ne.
06:57
It should be noted that we use sand as our soil,
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Valja primetiti da kao svoje zemljište
koristimo pesak,
koristimo pesak,
07:02
regular beach sand. Fossilized coral.
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običan pesak sa plaže. Fosil korala.
07:07
So a lot of people ask me, "How did you get started?"
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Mnogi ljudi me pitaju:
"Kako ste započeli?"
"Kako ste započeli?"
07:11
Well, we got started in what we
call the indoor biofuels lab.
call the indoor biofuels lab.
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Započeli smo sa onim što nazivamo
unutrašnjom laboratorijom za biogoriva.
unutrašnjom laboratorijom za biogoriva.
07:16
It's a seedling lab. We have 26
different species of halophytes,
different species of halophytes,
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To je laboratorija sa semenjačama.
iamo 26 različitih vrsta halofita
iamo 26 različitih vrsta halofita
07:20
and five are winners. What we do here is —
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i pet od njih su pobednice. Mi ovde -
07:23
actually it should be called a death lab, 'cause we try to
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zapravo treba da se zove
laboratorijom smrti, jer pokušavamo
laboratorijom smrti, jer pokušavamo
07:26
kill the seedlings, make them rough —
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da ubijemo semenjače, da ih očvrstimo -
07:29
and then we come to the GreenLab.
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i onda dolazimo do GreenLab-a.
07:31
What you see in the lower corner
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U donjem ćošku vidite eksperiment
07:33
is a wastewater treatment plant experiment
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sa biljkom koja obrađuje otpadne vode
07:35
that we are growing, a macro-algae
that I'll talk about in a minute.
that I'll talk about in a minute.
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a koju uzgajamo, to je makroalga
o kojoj ću uskoro reći nešto.
o kojoj ću uskoro reći nešto.
07:39
And lastly, it's me actually working
in the lab to prove to you I do work,
in the lab to prove to you I do work,
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Konačno, tu sam ja kako radim
u laboratoriji da vam dokažem da radim
u laboratoriji da vam dokažem da radim
07:43
I don't just talk about what I do.
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a da ne pričam samo o tome šta radim.
07:46
Here's the plant species. Salicornia virginica.
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Evo te vrste. Salicornia virginica.
07:50
It's a wonderful plant. I love that plant.
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To je divna biljka koju volim.
07:53
Everywhere we go we see it. It's
all over the place, from Maine
all over the place, from Maine
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Vidimo je kud god da krenemo.
Svuda je, od Mejna do Kalifornije.
Svuda je, od Mejna do Kalifornije.
07:57
all the way to California. We love that plant.
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Obožavamo tu biljku.
08:00
Second is Salicornia bigelovii. Very difficult to get around the world.
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Druga je Salicornia bigelovii.
Teško je razmestiti je po svetu.
Teško je razmestiti je po svetu.
Ima najveći sadržaj masti
od svih biljaka koje imamo
od svih biljaka koje imamo
08:05
It is the highest lipid content that we have,
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08:07
but it has a shortcoming: It's short.
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ali ima i manu: niska je.
08:11
Now you take europaea, which is the
largest or the tallest plant that we have.
largest or the tallest plant that we have.
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Sada uzmite europea-u, koja je najveća
i najviša biljka koju imamo.
i najviša biljka koju imamo.
08:16
And what we are trying to do
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Mi pokušavamo
08:18
with natural selection or adaptive
biology — combine all three
biology — combine all three
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da kroz prirodnu selekciju ili adaptivnu
biologiju kombinujemo sve tri
biologiju kombinujemo sve tri
08:22
to make a high-growth, high-lipid plant.
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da napravimo
visoku biljku bogatu mastima.
visoku biljku bogatu mastima.
08:26
Next, when a hurricane decimated the
Delaware Bay — soybean fields gone —
Delaware Bay — soybean fields gone —
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Dalje, kada je Delaver Bej uništio uragan
i sa sobom odneo polja soje,
i sa sobom odneo polja soje,
08:33
we came up with an idea: Can you have a plant
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došli smo na ideju:
može li u Delaveru postojati biljka
može li u Delaveru postojati biljka
08:36
that has a land reclamation positive
in Delaware? And the answer is yes.
in Delaware? And the answer is yes.
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kojoj je pozitivna rekultivacija?
Odgovor je da.
Odgovor je da.
08:42
It's called seashore mallow. Kosteletzkya virginica —
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Zove se primorski slez.
Kosteletzkya virginica -
Kosteletzkya virginica -
08:45
say that five times fast if you can.
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recite to brzo pet puta ako možete.
08:49
This is a 100 percent usable plant.
The seeds: biofuels. The rest: cattle feed.
The seeds: biofuels. The rest: cattle feed.
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Ovo je 100% upotrebljiva biljka.
Seme: biogorivo. Ostatak: hrana za stoku.
Seme: biogorivo. Ostatak: hrana za stoku.
08:56
It's there for 10 years; it's working very well.
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Tu je 10 godina i funkcioniše veoma dobro.
09:00
Now we get to Chaetomorpha.
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Dolazimo do Chaetomorpha.
09:03
This is a macro-algae that loves
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Ovo je makroalga koja obožava
višak hranljivih materija.
višak hranljivih materija.
09:06
excess nutrients. If you are in the aquarium industry
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Ukoliko se bavite akvarijumima,
09:09
you know we use it to clean up dirty tanks.
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znate da se koristi za čišćenje
prljavih akvarijuma.
prljavih akvarijuma.
09:11
This species is so significant to us.
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Ova vrsta je za nas bitna.
09:16
The properties are very close to plastic.
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Svojstva su joj veoma bliska plastici.
09:20
We are trying right now to convert this macro-algae into a bioplastic.
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Trenutno pokušavamo da ovu makroalgu
pretvorimo u bioplastiku.
pretvorimo u bioplastiku.
09:25
If we are successful, we will revolutionize the plastics industry.
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Ukoliko budemo uspešni, napravićemo
revoluciju u industriji plastike.
revoluciju u industriji plastike.
09:30
So, we have a seed to fuel program.
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Imamo program semena do goriva.
09:33
We have to do something with
this biomass that we have.
this biomass that we have.
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Moramo nešto da uradimo
sa ovom biomasom.
sa ovom biomasom.
09:36
And so we do G.C. extraction, lipid optimization, so on and so forth,
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Tako radimo ekstrakciju hromatografijom,
optimizaciju masti i ostalo
optimizaciju masti i ostalo
09:41
because our goal really is to come up with
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jer je naš cilj zapravo da smislimo
09:44
the next generation of aviation fuels,
aviation specifics, so on and so forth.
aviation specifics, so on and so forth.
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novu generaciju goriva za avione.
09:48
So far we talked about water and fuel,
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Do sada smo pričali o vodi i gorivu,
09:53
but along the way we found out
something interesting about Salicornia:
something interesting about Salicornia:
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ali usput smo saznali nešto zanimljivo
o salikorniji:
o salikorniji:
10:00
It's a food product.
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to je hranljiv proizvod.
10:03
So we talk about ideas worth spreading, right?
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Pričamo o idejama vrednim širenja, zar ne?
10:06
How about this: In sub-Saharan
Africa, next to the sea, saltwater,
Africa, next to the sea, saltwater,
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Recimo ovo: u subsaharskoj Africi,
pored mora, slane vode,
pored mora, slane vode,
10:13
barren desert, how about we take that plant,
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gole pustinje, hajde da uzmemo tu biljku,
10:18
plant it, half use for food, half use for fuel.
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zasadimo je, pola koristimo za hranu,
pola za gorivo.
pola za gorivo.
10:23
We can make that happen, inexpensively.
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To možemo da ostvarimo bez puno ulaganja.
10:26
You can see there's a greenhouse in Germany
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U Nemačkoj postoji staklenik
10:29
that sells it as a health food product.
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koji je prodaje kao zdravstveni proizvod.
10:32
This is harvested, and in the middle here
is a shrimp dish, and it's being pickled.
is a shrimp dish, and it's being pickled.
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Ona se ubira i u sredini je
jelo sa račićima, i kiseli se.
jelo sa račićima, i kiseli se.
10:37
So I have to tell you a joke. Salicornia is known as sea beans,
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Moram da vam ispričam šalu.
Salikornija je poznata kao morski pasulj,
Salikornija je poznata kao morski pasulj,
10:41
saltwater asparagus and pickle weed.
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slanovodna špargla i kiseli korov.
10:45
So we are pickling pickle weed in the middle.
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Tako da u sredini kiselimo kiseli korov.
10:48
Oh, I thought it was funny. (Laughter)
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Ah, mislio sam da je smešno.
(Smeh)
(Smeh)
10:50
And at the bottom is seaman's mustard. It does make sense,
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Na dnu je mornarski senf.
Ima smisla da ovo bude za jelo.
Ima smisla da ovo bude za jelo.
10:54
this is a logical snack. You have mustard,
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Imate senf, mornar ste,
10:56
you are a seaman, you see the
halophyte, you mix it together,
halophyte, you mix it together,
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vidite halofite, pomešate to,
10:59
it's a great snack with some crackers.
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to je sjajno jelo sa krekerima.
11:02
And last, garlic with Salicornia, which is what I like.
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Poslednje je salikornija sa belim lukom,
što jako volim.
što jako volim.
11:09
So, water, fuel and food.
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Voda, gorivo i hrana.
11:13
None of this is possible without the GreenLab team.
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Ništa od ovog ne bi bilo moguće
bez tima iz GreenLab-a.
bez tima iz GreenLab-a.
11:17
Just like the Miami Heat has the big three,
we have the big three at NASA GRC.
we have the big three at NASA GRC.
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Isto kao što ekipa Majami Hit ima
veliku trojku, tako imamo i mi u NASA-i.
veliku trojku, tako imamo i mi u NASA-i.
11:22
That's myself, professor Bob Hendricks, who's our fearless leader, and Dr. Arnon Chait.
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To smo ja, profesor Bob Hendriks,
naš neustašivi vođa, i dr. Arnon Čejt.
naš neustašivi vođa, i dr. Arnon Čejt.
11:28
The backbone of the GreenLab is students.
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Žila kucavica GreenLab-a su studenti.
11:32
Over the last two years we've had 35 different students
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Tokom protekle dve godine
imali smo 35 različitih studenata
imali smo 35 različitih studenata
11:36
from around the world working at GreenLab.
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sa raznih strana sveta
koji su radili u GreenLab-u.
koji su radili u GreenLab-u.
11:39
As a matter fact my division chief says a lot, "You have a green university."
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Zapravo, šef mog odseka kaže:
"Imate zeleni univerzitet".
"Imate zeleni univerzitet".
11:44
I say, "I'm okay with that, 'cause we are nurturing
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Ja kažem: "To je u redu, jer negujemo
11:46
the next generation of extreme
green thinkers, which is significant."
green thinkers, which is significant."
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narednu generaciju ekoloških mislilaca,
što je značajno."
što je značajno."
11:51
So, in first summary I presented to you what we think
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Prvi put sam vam sumirajući predstavio
ono za šta mislimo
ono za šta mislimo
11:56
is a global solution for food, fuel and water.
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da je globalno rešenje
za hranu, gorivo i vodu.
za hranu, gorivo i vodu.
12:03
There's something missing to be complete.
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Nešto nedostaje da slika bude potpuna.
12:06
Clearly we use electricity.
We have a solution for you —
We have a solution for you —
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Očito koristimo struju.
Za vas imamo rešenje -
Za vas imamo rešenje -
12:10
We're using clean energy sources here.
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Ovde koristimo čiste izvore energije.
12:14
So, we have two wind turbines
connected to the GreenLab,
connected to the GreenLab,
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Imamo dve turbine na vetar
koje su povezane na GreenLab,
koje su povezane na GreenLab,
12:18
we have four or five more hopefully coming soon.
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a uskoro ćemo imati još četiri ili pet.
12:22
We are also using something that is quite interesting —
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Takođe koristimo nešto
što je veoma zanimljivo -
što je veoma zanimljivo -
12:25
there is a solar array field at
NASA's Glenn Research Center,
NASA's Glenn Research Center,
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postoji solarno polje u NASA-inom
istraživačkom centru Glen,
istraživačkom centru Glen,
12:30
hasn't been used for 15 years.
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ne koristi se 15 godina.
12:33
Along with some of my electrical
engineering colleagues,
engineering colleagues,
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Zajedno sa nekim kolegama
električnim inženjerima,
električnim inženjerima,
12:36
we realized that they are still viable,
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shvatili smo da još uvek
mogu da se koriste,
mogu da se koriste,
12:38
so we are refurbishing them right now.
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tako da ih sada restauriramo.
12:41
In about 30 days or so they'll be
connected to the GreenLab.
connected to the GreenLab.
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Za oko 30 dana biće povezane na GreenLab.
12:46
And the reason why you see red, red and yellow, is
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Ovde vidite crveno, crveno i žuto
12:49
a lot of people think NASA employees
don't work on Saturday —
don't work on Saturday —
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jer mnogi misle da radnici NASA-e
ne rade subotom -
ne rade subotom -
12:52
This is a picture taken on Saturday.
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ovo je slika od subote.
12:55
There are no cars around, but you see my truck
in yellow. I work on Saturday. (Laughter)
in yellow. I work on Saturday. (Laughter)
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Okolo nema kola, ali vidite moj kamionet
u žutoj boji. Ja radim subotom. (Smeh)
u žutoj boji. Ja radim subotom. (Smeh)
12:59
This is a proof to you that I'm working.
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Ovo je dokaz vama da radim.
13:01
'Cause we do what it takes to get the
job done, most people know that.
job done, most people know that.
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Mi radimo ono što treba da bi se
posao obavio, većina ljudi zna to.
posao obavio, većina ljudi zna to.
13:05
Here's a concept with this:
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Evo koncepta:
13:08
We are using the GreenLab for a micro-grid test bed
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koristimo GreenLab za mikro-postavku
za testiranje
za testiranje
13:13
for the smart grid concept in Ohio.
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za koncept pametne električne mreže
u Ohaju.
u Ohaju.
13:18
We have the ability to do that,
and I think it's going to work.
and I think it's going to work.
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Imamo mogućnost da to uradimo
i mislim da će funkcionisati.
i mislim da će funkcionisati.
13:23
So, GreenLab Research Facility.
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Dakle, istraživači centar GreenLab.
13:29
A self-sustainable renewable energy ecosystem was presented today.
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Danas je predstavljen održivi ekosistem
sa obnovljivom energijom.
sa obnovljivom energijom.
13:34
We really, really hope this concept catches on worldwide.
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Zaista se nadamo da će ovaj koncept
zaživeti u svetu.
zaživeti u svetu.
13:40
We think we have a solution for food, water, fuel and now energy. Complete.
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Mislimo da imamo rešenje za hranu,
vodu, gorivo i sada energiju. Potpuno.
vodu, gorivo i sada energiju. Potpuno.
13:49
It's extreme green, it's sustainable, alternative and renewable
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To je ekstremno ekološki, održivo,
alternativno i obnovljivo
alternativno i obnovljivo
13:55
and it meets the big three at GRC:
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i podudara se sa velikih tri u ICG.
13:59
Don't use arable land, don't compete with food crops,
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Ne koristite obradivu zemlju,
ne takmičite se sa usevima hrane
ne takmičite se sa usevima hrane
14:04
and most of all, don't use fresh water.
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i najbitnije, ne koristite svežu vodu.
14:07
So I get a lot of questions about,
"What are you doing in that lab?"
"What are you doing in that lab?"
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Dosta ljudi me pita:
"Šta radiš u toj laboratoriji?"
"Šta radiš u toj laboratoriji?"
14:12
And I usually say, "None of your business, that's what I'm doing in the lab." (Laughter)
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Obično kažem: "Ne tiče te se,
baš to radim u laboratoriji." (Smeh)
baš to radim u laboratoriji." (Smeh)
14:17
And believe it or not, my number one goal
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I verovali ili ne, moj osnovni cilj
14:21
for working on this project is
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rada na ovom projektu
14:24
I want to help save the world.
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je da pomognem da se očuva svet.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Bilal Bomani - NASA scientistBilal Bomani runs NASA’s Greenlab research facility, where he is developing the next generation of biofuels.
Why you should listen
As a senior NASA scientist, Bilal Bomani focuses on developing new and truly sustainable biofuels. After receiving two masters degrees from Cleveland State University, he earned his PhD in computer engineering from Case Western University. He currently runs the Greenlab Research Facility in Cleveland, Ohio, where he works on creating biofuels that don’t use freshwater, and meet his definition of green: sustainable, renewable and alternative.
Bilal Bomani | Speaker | TED.com