TED2013
Rodney Brooks: Why we will rely on robots
Rodni Bruks (Rodney Brooks): Zašto ćemo se oslanjati na robote?
Filmed:
Readability: 3.4
1,424,847 views
Paničari zamišljaju da će roboti jednostavno zameniti ljude na poslu. U stvari, oni mogu da postanu naši neophodni saradnici, koji bi nas rasteretili jednoličnih i mehaničkih poslova. Rodni Bruks ističe koliko bi to moglo da bude vredno s obzirom na opadanje broja radno aktivnih ljudi i porast broja penzionera. Upoznaje nas sa Baksterom, robotom pokretnih očiju i ruku osetljivih na dodir, koji bi mogao da radi i pored sve starije populacije i koji bi takođe mogao da nauči kako da im pomaže u kući.
Rodney Brooks - Roboticist
Rodney Brooks builds robots based on biological principles of movement and reasoning. The goal: a robot who can figure things out. Full bio
Rodney Brooks builds robots based on biological principles of movement and reasoning. The goal: a robot who can figure things out. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Well, Arthur C. Clarke,
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Artur Č. Klark,
00:14
a famous science fiction writer from the 1950s,
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poznati pisac naučne fantastike
iz 1950-ih
iz 1950-ih
00:17
said that, "We overestimate technology in the short term,
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je rekao: "Mi precenjujemo tehnologiju
na kratke staze
na kratke staze
00:21
and we underestimate it in the long term."
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i potcenjujemo je na duge staze."
00:24
And I think that's some of the fear that we see
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I mislim da je taj naš strah
00:26
about jobs disappearing from artificial intelligence and robots.
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vezan za poslove koji nestaju
zbog veštačke inteligencije i robota.
zbog veštačke inteligencije i robota.
00:31
That we're overestimating the technology in the short term.
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Tako precenjujemo tehnologiju
na kratke staze.
na kratke staze.
00:33
But I am worried whether we're going to get the technology we need in the long term.
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Mene brine da li ćemo dobiti tehnologiju
koja nam treba na duge staze,
koja nam treba na duge staze,
00:39
Because the demographics are really going to leave us with lots of jobs that need doing
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jer će nas demografija zaista dovesti
do mnogih poslova koji treba da se urade
do mnogih poslova koji treba da se urade
00:45
and that we, our society, is going to have to be built on the shoulders of steel of robots in the future.
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i naše društvo će morati da se gradi
na leđima gvozdenih robota u budućnosti.
na leđima gvozdenih robota u budućnosti.
00:50
So I'm scared we won't have enough robots.
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Zato me plaši da nećemo imati
dovoljno robota.
dovoljno robota.
00:53
But fear of losing jobs to technology has been around for a long time.
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A strah od gubljenja poslova
zbog tehnologije je prisutan već dugo.
zbog tehnologije je prisutan već dugo.
00:57
Back in 1957, there was a Spencer Tracy, Katharine Hepburn movie.
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Još je 1957. bio film
sa Spenserom Trejsijem i Ketrin Hepbern.
sa Spenserom Trejsijem i Ketrin Hepbern.
01:01
So you know how it ended up,
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Znate kako se završio.
01:03
Spencer Tracy brought a computer, a mainframe computer of 1957, in
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Spenser Trejsi je uveo kompjuter,
centralni kompjuter iz 1957.
centralni kompjuter iz 1957.
01:07
to help the librarians.
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da pomogne bibliotekarima.
01:09
The librarians in the company would do things like answer for the executives,
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Bibliotekari u kompaniji
bi odgovarali na pitanja direktora:
bi odgovarali na pitanja direktora:
01:12
"What are the names of Santa's reindeer?"
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"Kako se zovu irvasi Dedа Mraza?"
01:16
And they would look that up.
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I oni bi to potražili.
01:17
And this mainframe computer was going to help them with that job.
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Centralni kompjuter je trebalo
da im u tome pomogne.
da im u tome pomogne.
01:20
Well of course a mainframe computer in 1957 wasn't much use for that job.
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Naravno, od centralnih kompjutera
iz 1957. nije bilo mnogo pomoći.
iz 1957. nije bilo mnogo pomoći.
01:24
The librarians were afraid their jobs were going to disappear.
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Bibliotekari su se uplašili
da će njihovi poslovi nestati,
da će njihovi poslovi nestati,
01:27
But that's not what happened in fact.
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ali to se, u stvari, nije desilo.
01:29
The number of jobs for librarians increased for a long time after 1957.
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Broj bibliotekara je rastao
još dugo posle 1957.
još dugo posle 1957.
01:34
It wasn't until the Internet came into play,
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Sve dok internet nije ušao u igru,
01:37
the web came into play and search engines came into play
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s vebom i pretraživačima,
01:40
that the need for librarians went down.
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potreba za bibliotekarima nije opala.
01:42
And I think everyone from 1957 totally underestimated
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Čini mi se da su svi iz 1957.
potpuno potcenili
potpuno potcenili
01:46
the level of technology we would all carry around in our hands and in our pockets today.
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nivo tehnologije koju danas svi nosimo
u rukama i po džepovima.
u rukama i po džepovima.
01:51
And we can just ask: "What are the names of Santa's reindeer?" and be told instantly --
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Možemo samo da upitamo:
"Kako se zovu irvasi Deda Mraza?",
"Kako se zovu irvasi Deda Mraza?",
01:57
or anything else we want to ask.
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ili bilo šta drugo i da odmah
dobijemo odgovor.
dobijemo odgovor.
01:59
By the way, the wages for librarians went up faster
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Inače, plate bibliotekara su rasle brže
02:04
than the wages for other jobs in the U.S. over that same time period,
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od plata za druge poslove u SAD-u,
u istom tom periodu
u istom tom periodu
02:07
because librarians became partners of computers.
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jer su bibliotekari i kompjuteri
postali partneri.
postali partneri.
02:11
Computers became tools, and they got more tools that they could use
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Kompjuteri su postali sredstvo i bibliotekari
su dobili više sredstava za korišćenje
su dobili više sredstava za korišćenje
02:14
and become more effective during that time.
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i postali su efikasniji u tom periodu.
02:16
Same thing happened in offices.
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Isto se dogodilo u kancelarijama.
02:18
Back in the old days, people used spreadsheets.
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U ranijim vremenima
ljudi su koristili tabele.
ljudi su koristili tabele.
02:20
Spreadsheets were spread sheets of paper,
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Tabele, na raširenim listovima papira,
02:22
and they calculated by hand.
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su se izračunavale ručno.
02:25
But here was an interesting thing that came along.
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A onda se pojavila ta zanimljiva stvar.
02:27
With the revolution around 1980 of P.C.'s,
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Kompjuterskom revolucijom '80-ih,
02:29
the spreadsheet programs were tuned for office workers,
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napravljeni su tabelarni programi
baš za činovnike,
baš za činovnike,
02:34
not to replace office workers,
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ne da bi ih zamenili,
02:36
but it respected office workers as being capable of being programmers.
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već za činovnike sposobne
da programiraju.
da programiraju.
02:40
So office workers became programmers of spreadsheets.
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Tako su činovnici
postali programeri tabela.
postali programeri tabela.
02:43
It increased their capabilities.
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To je povećalo njihove mogućnosti.
02:45
They no longer had to do the mundane computations,
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Nisu više morali da rade
svakodnevne proračune
svakodnevne proračune
02:48
but they could do something much more.
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već su mogli da urade mnogo više.
02:51
Now today, we're starting to see robots in our lives.
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Danas, počinjemo da susrećemo robote
u našim životima.
u našim životima.
02:54
On the left there is the PackBot from iRobot.
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Na levoj strani je IRobotov PakBot.
02:57
When soldiers came across roadside bombs in Iraq and Afghanistan,
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Kada su vojnici naišli na bombe
pored puta u Iraku i Avganistanu,
pored puta u Iraku i Avganistanu,
03:00
instead of putting on a bomb suit and going out and poking with a stick,
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umesto da su obukli bombaška odela,
izašli i ubadali štapom,
izašli i ubadali štapom,
03:04
as they used to do up until about 2002,
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kako su to radili sve do 2002.,
03:06
they now send the robot out.
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sada su slali robota.
03:08
So the robot takes over the dangerous jobs.
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Dakle, robot preuzima opasne poslove.
03:10
On the right are some TUGs from a company called Aethon in Pittsburgh.
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Na desnoj strani su neki TUG roboti
od kompanije "Aethon" iz Pitsburga.
od kompanije "Aethon" iz Pitsburga.
03:15
These are in hundreds of hospitals across the U.S.
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Nalaze se u stotinama bolnica
širom SAD-a.
širom SAD-a.
03:17
And they take the dirty sheets down to the laundry.
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Oni odnose prljave čaršave
dole u perionicu.
dole u perionicu.
03:20
They take the dirty dishes back to the kitchen.
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Vraćaju prljave sudove u kuhinju.
03:21
They bring the medicines up from the pharmacy.
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Donose lekove iz apoteke.
03:24
And it frees up the nurses and the nurse's aides
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Tako da su medicinske sestre
i niže bolničko osoblje rasterećeni
i niže bolničko osoblje rasterećeni
03:26
from doing that mundane work of just mechanically pushing stuff around
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od svakodnevnog mehaničkog posla
guranja tih stvari,
guranja tih stvari,
03:30
to spend more time with patients.
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da bi provodili više vremena
s pacijentima.
s pacijentima.
03:32
In fact, robots have become sort of ubiquitous in our lives in many ways.
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U stvari, roboti su postali sveprisutni
u našim životima na mnogo načina.
u našim životima na mnogo načina.
03:37
But I think when it comes to factory robots, people are sort of afraid,
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Ali čini mi se kada su u pitanju
fabrički roboti, da ih se ljudi plaše,
fabrički roboti, da ih se ljudi plaše,
03:42
because factory robots are dangerous to be around.
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jer je opasno biti u njihovoj okolini.
03:46
In order to program them, you have to understand six-dimensional vectors and quaternions.
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Da bi ih programirali morate da razumete
6-dimenzionalne vektore i kvaternione,
6-dimenzionalne vektore i kvaternione,
03:51
And ordinary people can't interact with them.
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a obični ljudi ne mogu
da komunicirijaju sa njima.
da komunicirijaju sa njima.
03:54
And I think it's the sort of technology that's gone wrong.
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Mislim da je ta tehnologija
otišla pogrešnim putem.
otišla pogrešnim putem.
03:57
It's displaced the worker from the technology.
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Odvojila je radnike od tehnologije
04:00
And I think we really have to look at technologies
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i čini mi se da zaista moramo
da imamo u vidu tehnologiju
da imamo u vidu tehnologiju
04:04
that ordinary workers can interact with.
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sa kojom obični radnici mogu
da komuniciraju.
da komuniciraju.
04:06
And so I want to tell you today about Baxter, which we've been talking about.
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Danas ću vam govoriti o Baksteru,
koga sam već spominjao.
koga sam već spominjao.
04:09
And Baxter, I see, as a way -- a first wave of robot
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Bakstera vidim kao put –
prvi talas robota
prvi talas robota
04:14
that ordinary people can interact with in an industrial setting.
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sa kojim obični ljudi mogu da komuniciraju
u industrijskom okruženju.
u industrijskom okruženju.
04:18
So Baxter is up here.
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Dakle, Bakster je ovde gore.
04:19
This is Chris Harbert from Rethink Robotics.
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Ovo je Kris Herbert
iz "Rethink Robotics-a".
iz "Rethink Robotics-a".
04:22
We've got a conveyor there.
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Tamo imamo pokretnu traku.
04:24
And if the lighting isn't too extreme --
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I ako osvetljenje nije prejako –
04:27
Ah, ah! There it is. It's picked up the object off the conveyor.
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Ah, ah! Evo ga.
Pokupio je predmet sa pokretne trake.
Pokupio je predmet sa pokretne trake.
04:31
It's going to come bring it over here and put it down.
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Doći će, doneće ga ovamo
i spustiće ga.
i spustiće ga.
04:34
And then it'll go back, reach for another object.
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I onda će se vratiti
da bi uzeo drugi predmet.
da bi uzeo drugi predmet.
04:37
The interesting thing is Baxter has some basic common sense.
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Interesantno je da Bakster
ima pomalo osnovnog zdravog razuma.
ima pomalo osnovnog zdravog razuma.
04:41
By the way, what's going on with the eyes?
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Usput, šta se dešava s očima?
04:43
The eyes are on the screen there.
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Oči su tamo na ekranu.
04:44
The eyes look ahead where the robot's going to move.
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Oči gledaju u pravcu
u kome će se robot kretati.
u kome će se robot kretati.
04:47
So a person that's interacting with the robot
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Osoba koja komunicira sa robotom
04:49
understands where it's going to reach and isn't surprised by its motions.
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zna kuda će ići i nije
iznenađena njegovim kretanjem.
iznenađena njegovim kretanjem.
04:53
Here Chris took the object out of its hand,
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Ovde je Kris uzeo predmet
iz njegove ruke,
iz njegove ruke,
04:55
and Baxter didn't go and try to put it down;
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a Bakster nije otišao
i pokušao da ga spusti;
i pokušao da ga spusti;
04:58
it went back and realized it had to get another one.
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već se vratio, shvativši
da mora uzeti još jedan.
da mora uzeti još jedan.
05:00
It's got a little bit of basic common sense, goes and picks the objects.
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Ima malo osnovnog zdravog razuma,
kreće se i skuplja predmete.
kreće se i skuplja predmete.
05:03
And Baxter's safe to interact with.
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Sa Baksterom se može
bezbedno komunicirati.
bezbedno komunicirati.
05:05
You wouldn't want to do this with a current industrial robot.
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To ne biste želeli da radite
sa sadašnjim industrijskim robotom.
sa sadašnjim industrijskim robotom.
05:08
But with Baxter it doesn't hurt.
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No Bakster vas neće povrediti.
05:10
It feels the force, understands that Chris is there
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On oseća silu,
razume da je Kris tamo
razume da je Kris tamo
05:14
and doesn't push through him and hurt him.
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i ne gura ga i ne povređuje ga.
05:17
But I think the most interesting thing about Baxter is the user interface.
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Ipak, čini mi se da je najinteresantniji
Baksterov korisnički interfejs.
Baksterov korisnički interfejs.
05:20
And so Chris is going to come and grab the other arm now.
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Sada će ga Kris dohvatiti
za drugu ruku.
za drugu ruku.
05:23
And when he grabs an arm, it goes into zero-force gravity-compensated mode
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Kada mu dohvati ruku, on je u modalitetu
nulte sile kompenzovane gravitacijom
nulte sile kompenzovane gravitacijom
05:29
and graphics come up on the screen.
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i na ekranu se pojavi grafika.
05:31
You can see some icons on the left of the screen there for what was about its right arm.
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Na levoj strani ekrana vidite ikone
za desnu ruku.
za desnu ruku.
05:35
He's going to put something in its hand, he's going to bring it over here,
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Kris će mu staviti nešto u ruku,
robot će to doneti ovamo
robot će to doneti ovamo
05:38
press a button and let go of that thing in the hand.
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i pritiskom na dugme
pustiće to iz ruke.
pustiće to iz ruke.
05:43
And the robot figures out, ah, he must mean I want to put stuff down.
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I robot razmišlja: "Ah, mora da je mislio
da ću spustiti taj predmet."
da ću spustiti taj predmet."
05:48
It puts a little icon there.
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Tada se upali mala ikona tamo.
05:49
He comes over here, and he gets the fingers to grasp together,
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Kris mu skuplja prste,
05:55
and the robot infers, ah, you want an object for me to pick up.
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a robot zaključuje:
"Ah, želite da podignem predmet."
"Ah, želite da podignem predmet."
05:59
That puts the green icon there.
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Tada se upali zelena ikona tamo.
06:01
He's going to map out an area of where the robot should pick up the object from.
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Kris će označiti područje
u kome će robot da skuplja predmete.
u kome će robot da skuplja predmete.
06:06
It just moves it around, and the robot figures out that was an area search.
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Samo ih premešta okolo i robot shvata
da je to područje za traženje.
da je to područje za traženje.
06:11
He didn't have to select that from a menu.
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Nije morao da to izabere na meniju.
06:13
And now he's going to go off and train the visual appearance of that object
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I sada će otići i vežbaće
vizuelnu pojavu tog predmeta,
vizuelnu pojavu tog predmeta,
06:16
while we continue talking.
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dok mi nastavljamo s govorom.
06:18
So as we continue here,
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Kako nastavljamo ovde,
06:20
I want to tell you about what this is like in factories.
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reći ću vam kako to izgleda
u fabrikama.
u fabrikama.
06:22
These robots we're shipping every day.
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Ove robote otpremamo svaki dan
06:23
They go to factories around the country.
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u fabrike širom zemlje.
06:25
This is Mildred.
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Ovo je Mildred.
06:26
Mildred's a factory worker in Connecticut.
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Mildred je fabrička radnica
iz Konektikata.
iz Konektikata.
06:28
She's worked on the line for over 20 years.
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Radi na traci preko 20 godina.
06:30
One hour after she saw her first industrial robot,
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Sat vremena nakon što je videla svog
prvog industrijskog robota,
prvog industrijskog robota,
06:33
she had programmed it to do some tasks in the factory.
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programirala ga je
da obavlja neke poslove u fabrici.
da obavlja neke poslove u fabrici.
06:37
She decided she really liked robots.
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Zaključila je
da joj se roboti zaista sviđaju.
da joj se roboti zaista sviđaju.
06:39
And it was doing the simple repetitive tasks that she had had to do beforehand.
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I robot je radio njene pređašnje,
jednostavne i ponavljajuće poslove.
jednostavne i ponavljajuće poslove.
06:44
Now she's got the robot doing it.
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Sada ima robota koji to radi.
06:45
When we first went out to talk to people in factories
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Kada smo prvi put bili na razgovoru
sa ljudima u fabrikama
sa ljudima u fabrikama
06:48
about how we could get robots to interact with them better,
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o tome kako da postignemo bolju
komunikaciju između robota i njih,
komunikaciju između robota i njih,
06:51
one of the questions we asked them was,
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jedno od pitanja
koje smo im postavili bilo je:
koje smo im postavili bilo je:
06:52
"Do you want your children to work in a factory?"
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"Da li želite da vaša deca
rade u fabrici?"
rade u fabrici?"
06:55
The universal answer was "No, I want a better job than that for my children."
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Univerzalni odgovor je bio:
"Ne, želim bolji posao za svoju decu".
"Ne, želim bolji posao za svoju decu".
06:59
And as a result of that, Mildred is very typical
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Rezultat toga je
da je Mildred tipična
da je Mildred tipična
07:03
of today's factory workers in the U.S.
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današnja fabrička radnica u SAD.
07:04
They're older, and they're getting older and older.
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Oni su stariji i biće još stariji.
07:07
There aren't many young people coming into factory work.
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Nema mnogo mladih ljudi
zaposlenih u fabrici.
zaposlenih u fabrici.
07:09
And as their tasks become more onerous on them,
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Pošto im njihovi zadaci
postaju sve tegobniji
postaju sve tegobniji
07:13
we need to give them tools that they can collaborate with,
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moramo im dati sredstva
s kojima će moći sarađivati,
s kojima će moći sarađivati,
07:16
so that they can be part of the solution,
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tako da bi roboti
mogli biti deo rešenja,
mogli biti deo rešenja,
07:17
so that they can continue to work and we can continue to produce in the U.S.
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da mogu da nastave s radom
i mi sa proizvodnjom u SAD.
i mi sa proizvodnjom u SAD.
07:22
And so our vision is that Mildred who's the line worker
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Naša vizija je da Mildred,
radnica na traci,
radnica na traci,
07:26
becomes Mildred the robot trainer.
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postane Mildred – trener robota.
07:29
She lifts her game,
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Ona podiže svoju ulogu,
07:30
like the office workers of the 1980s lifted their game of what they could do.
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kao što su činovnici u '80-im
povisili svoju ulogu.
povisili svoju ulogu.
07:35
We're not giving them tools that they have to go and study for years and years in order to use.
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Ne dajemo im sredstva koja moraju
da uče godinama da bi ih korisitili,
da uče godinama da bi ih korisitili,
07:39
They're tools that they can just learn how to operate in a few minutes.
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već njihov način rada
mogu da nauče u par minuta.
mogu da nauče u par minuta.
07:43
There's two great forces that are both volitional but inevitable.
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Postoje dve velike zakonitosti
koje su svojevoljne, ali neizbežne.
koje su svojevoljne, ali neizbežne.
07:47
That's climate change and demographics.
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To su klimatske promene
i demografija.
i demografija.
07:50
Demographics is really going to change our world.
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Demografija će zaista
promeniti naš svet.
promeniti naš svet.
07:52
This is the percentage of adults who are working age.
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Ovo je procenat odraslih
koji su u radnim godinama.
koji su u radnim godinama.
07:56
And it's gone down slightly over the last 40 years.
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Malo više se spustio
u poslednjih 40 godina.
u poslednjih 40 godina.
07:58
But over the next 40 years, it's going to change dramatically, even in China.
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U narednih 40 godina to će se
dramatično promeniti, čak i u Kini.
dramatično promeniti, čak i u Kini.
08:02
The percentage of adults who are working age drops dramatically.
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Procenat odraslih u radnim godinama
dramatično opada.
dramatično opada.
08:08
And turned up the other way, the people who are retirement age goes up very, very fast,
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Posmatrano s druge strane,
broj penzionera brzo raste
broj penzionera brzo raste
08:13
as the baby boomers get to retirement age.
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kako "bebi-bumeri" stižu
do godina za penziju.
do godina za penziju.
08:17
That means there will be more people with fewer social security dollars
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To znači da će biti više ljudi
s manje novca za socijalnu sigurnost
s manje novca za socijalnu sigurnost
08:20
competing for services.
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u borbi za usluge.
08:23
But more than that, as we get older we get more frail
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Ali više od toga,
što smo stariji postajemo slabiji
što smo stariji postajemo slabiji
08:27
and we can't do all the tasks we used to do.
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i ne možemo da obavljamo
sve ranije uobičajene zadatke.
sve ranije uobičajene zadatke.
08:29
If we look at the statistics on the ages of caregivers,
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Ukoliko pogledamo statistike
o starosti negovatelja,
o starosti negovatelja,
08:33
before our eyes those caregivers are getting older and older.
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oni su sve stariji.
08:38
That's happening statistically right now.
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To se statistički dešava
upravo sada.
upravo sada.
08:40
And as the number of people who are older, above retirement age and getting older, as they increase,
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Povećavanjem starije populacije
i sve starijih penzionera,
i sve starijih penzionera,
08:46
there will be less people to take care of them.
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biće sve manje ljudi
da se o njima brinu.
da se o njima brinu.
08:48
And I think we're really going to have to have robots to help us.
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Zato mislim da ćemo stvarno morati
da imamo robote da nam pomažu.
da imamo robote da nam pomažu.
08:50
And I don't mean robots in terms of companions.
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Ne mislim na robota
u smislu saputnika.
u smislu saputnika.
08:53
I mean robots doing the things that we normally do for ourselves
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Mislim na robote koji rade stvari
koje obično sami obavljamo,
koje obično sami obavljamo,
08:57
but get harder as we get older.
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a koje nam postaju
napornije u starosti.
napornije u starosti.
08:58
Getting the groceries in from the car, up the stairs, into the kitchen.
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Nošenje namirnica u i iz auta,
uz stepenice, do kuhinje
uz stepenice, do kuhinje
09:01
Or even, as we get very much older,
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ili čak, kad postanemo mnogo stariji,
09:04
driving our cars to go visit people.
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vožnja naših automobila
radi odlaska u posete.
radi odlaska u posete.
09:07
And I think robotics gives people a chance to have dignity as they get older
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Mislim da robotika daje ljudima
mogućnost dostojanstvene starosti
mogućnost dostojanstvene starosti
09:13
by having control of the robotic solution.
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ako imamo rešenu kontrolu robota.
09:17
So they don't have to rely on people that are getting scarcer to help them.
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Oni ne moraju da se oslanjaju na ljude
kojih je sve manje, da im pomažu.
kojih je sve manje, da im pomažu.
09:20
And so I really think that we're going to be spending more time
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Zaista mislim
da ćemo više vremena provoditi
da ćemo više vremena provoditi
09:27
with robots like Baxter
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sa robotima kao što je Bakster
09:29
and working with robots like Baxter in our daily lives. And that we will --
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i da ćemo raditi sa robotima kao Bakster
u svakodnevnom životu. I da ćemo –
u svakodnevnom životu. I da ćemo –
09:36
Here, Baxter, it's good.
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Evo, Bakster, dobro je.
09:38
And that we will all come to rely on robots over the next 40 years
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I da ćemo se svi oslanjati na robote
u sledećih 40 godina
u sledećih 40 godina
09:43
as part of our everyday lives.
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koji će biti deo
našeg svakodnevnog života.
našeg svakodnevnog života.
09:45
Thanks very much.
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Hvala, puno.
09:46
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rodney Brooks - RoboticistRodney Brooks builds robots based on biological principles of movement and reasoning. The goal: a robot who can figure things out.
Why you should listen
Former MIT professor Rodney Brooks studies and engineers robot intelligence, looking for the holy grail of robotics: the AGI, or artificial general intelligence. For decades, we've been building robots to do highly specific tasks -- welding, riveting, delivering interoffice mail -- but what we all want, really, is a robot that can figure things out on its own, the way we humans do.
Brooks realized that a top-down approach -- just building the biggest brain possible and teaching it everything we could think of -- would never work. What would work is a robot who learns like we do, by trial and error, and with many separate parts that learn separate jobs. The thesis of his work which was captured in Fast, Cheap and Out of Control,went on to become the title of the great Errol Morris documentary.
A founder of iRobot, makers of the Roomba vacuum, Brooks is now founder and CTO of Rethink Robotics, whose mission is to apply advanced robotic intelligence to manufacturing and physical labor. Its first robots: the versatile two-armed Baxter and one-armed Sawyer. Brooks is the former director of CSAIL, MIT's Computers Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.
Rodney Brooks | Speaker | TED.com