TED2016
Arthur Brooks: A conservative's plea: Let's work together
Artur Bruks (Arthur Brooks): Poziv konzervativca: hajde da sarađujemo
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Konzervativci i liberali veruju da samo njih motiviše ljubav, dok njihove protivnike motiviše mržnja. Kako možemo rešiti probleme pored toliko polarizacije? U ovom govoru, sociolog Artur Bruks deli ideje o tome šta svako od nas može da uradi kao pojedinac da prekine zastoj. „Mogli bismo da uzmemo ovaj grozni sveti rat ideologije koji trpimo u ovoj zemlji i pretvorimo ga u nadmetanje ideja“, kaže on.
Arthur Brooks - Social scientist, author
As president of the American Enterprise Institute, Arthur Brooks is changing the way conservatives think about poverty and opportunity. Full bio
As president of the American Enterprise Institute, Arthur Brooks is changing the way conservatives think about poverty and opportunity. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Potičem iz jednog od najliberalnijih,
00:12
I come from one of the most liberal,
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00:16
tolerant, progressive places
in the United States,
in the United States,
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najtolerantnijih, najprogresivnijih mesta
u Sjedinjenim Državama,
u Sjedinjenim Državama,
00:19
Seattle, Washington.
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Sijetla u Vašingtonu.
00:21
And I grew up with a family
of great Seattlites.
of great Seattlites.
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Odrastao sam uz porodicu
sjajnih stanovnika Sijetla.
sjajnih stanovnika Sijetla.
00:25
My mother was an artist,
my father was a college professor,
my father was a college professor,
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Moja majka je bila umetnik,
moj otac je bio profesor na fakultetu,
moj otac je bio profesor na fakultetu,
00:29
and I am truly grateful for my upbringing,
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a zaista sam zahvalan zbog mog vaspitanja,
00:31
because I always felt completely
comfortable designing my life
comfortable designing my life
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jer sam uvek imao slobodu
da osmišljavam svoj život
da osmišljavam svoj život
00:36
exactly as I saw fit.
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upravo onako kako sam smatrao podesnim.
00:39
And in point of fact,
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Zapravo,
00:40
I took a route that was not exactly
what my parents had in mind.
what my parents had in mind.
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pošao sam putem koji moji roditelji
baš i nisu imali na umu.
baš i nisu imali na umu.
00:43
When I was 19, I dropped out of college --
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Sa 19 godina sam napustio fakultet -
napustio, izbacili me, da ne cepidlačimo.
00:47
dropped out, kicked out, splitting hairs.
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00:49
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
00:52
And I went on the road
as a professional French horn player,
as a professional French horn player,
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Krenuo sam da putujem
kao profesionalni svirač horne,
kao profesionalni svirač horne,
00:56
which was my lifelong dream.
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što je bio moj životni san.
00:58
I played chamber music
all over the United States and Europe,
all over the United States and Europe,
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Svirao sam kamernu muziku
širom Sjedinjenih Država i Evrope.
širom Sjedinjenih Država i Evrope.
01:01
and I toured for a couple of years
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Išao sam na turneju par godina
01:03
with a great jazz guitar player
named Charlie Bird.
named Charlie Bird.
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sa sjajnim džez gitaristom
po imenu Čarli Berd.
po imenu Čarli Berd.
01:06
And by the end of my 20s,
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Pred kraj dvadesetih godina,
01:08
I wound up as a member of the Barcelona
Symphony Orchestra in Spain.
Symphony Orchestra in Spain.
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postao sam član simfonijskog orkestra
Barselone u Španiji.
Barselone u Španiji.
01:12
What a great life.
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Kakav sjajan život!
01:13
And you know, my parents never complained.
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Znate, moji roditelji
se nikad nisu žalili.
se nikad nisu žalili.
01:17
They supported me all the way through it.
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Podržavali su me u tome sve vreme.
01:19
It wasn't their dream.
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To nije bio njihov san.
Imali su običaj da kažu
svojim susedima i prijateljima:
svojim susedima i prijateljima:
01:20
They used to tell
their neighbors and friends,
their neighbors and friends,
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01:23
"Our son, he's taking a gap decade."
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„Naš sin je uzeo deceniju pauze.“
01:26
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
01:28
And --
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01:30
There was, however, one awkward
conversation about my lifestyle
conversation about my lifestyle
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Došlo je, međutim,
do jednog nelagodnog razgovora
do jednog nelagodnog razgovora
u vezi sa mojim životnim stilom
o kome želim da vam govorim.
o kome želim da vam govorim.
01:35
that I want to tell you about.
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Imao sam 27 godina
i došao sam kući iz Barselone,
i došao sam kući iz Barselone,
01:37
I was 27, and I was home from Barcelona,
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01:40
and I was visiting
my parents for Christmas,
my parents for Christmas,
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u posetu roditeljima za Božić.
01:42
and I was cooking dinner with my mother,
and we were alone in the kitchen.
and we were alone in the kitchen.
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Spremao sam večeru sa majkom
i bili smo sami u kuhinji.
i bili smo sami u kuhinji.
01:47
And she was quiet, too quiet.
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Bila je tiha, previše tiha.
01:50
Something was wrong.
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Nešto nije bilo u redu.
01:51
And so I said, "Mom, what's on your mind?"
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Upitao sam: „Mama, o čemu razmišljaš?“
01:54
And she said, "Your dad and I
are really worried about you."
are really worried about you."
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Rekla je: „Tvoj tata i ja
smo jako zabrinuti zbog tebe.“
smo jako zabrinuti zbog tebe.“
Uzviknuo sam: „Šta?“
Mislim, šta može da bude, u ovom trenutku?
Mislim, šta može da bude, u ovom trenutku?
01:59
And I said, "What?"
I mean, what could it be, at this point?
I mean, what could it be, at this point?
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02:01
And she said, "I want you to be
completely honest with me:
completely honest with me:
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Rekla je: „Hoću da budeš
potpuno iskren prema meni.
potpuno iskren prema meni.
02:05
have you been voting for Republicans?"
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Da li si glasao za republikance?“
02:07
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
02:12
Now, the truth is,
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Istina je
02:14
I wasn't really political,
I was just a French horn player.
I was just a French horn player.
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da nisam baš bio politički orijentisan;
bio sam samo svirač horne.
bio sam samo svirač horne.
02:18
But I had a bit of an epiphany,
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Međutim, imao sam nekakvo prosvetljenje,
02:22
and they had detected it,
and it was causing some confusion.
and it was causing some confusion.
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što su oni primetili,
a to je stvorilo zabunu.
a to je stvorilo zabunu.
Vidite, počeo sam da gajim
entuzijazam prema kapitalizmu,
entuzijazam prema kapitalizmu,
02:24
You see, I had become
an enthusiast for capitalism,
an enthusiast for capitalism,
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02:30
and I want to tell you why that is.
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a hteo bih da vam ispričam zašto.
02:32
It stems from a lifelong interest of mine
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To proizilazi iz mog dugotrajnog zanimanja
02:37
in, believe it or not, poverty.
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za, verovali ili ne, siromaštvo.
Vidite, kada sam bio klinac,
odrastajući u Sijetlu,
odrastajući u Sijetlu,
02:39
See, when I was a kid
growing up in Seattle,
growing up in Seattle,
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02:42
I remember the first time
I saw real poverty.
I saw real poverty.
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sećam se kada sam prvi put
video pravo siromaštvo.
video pravo siromaštvo.
02:45
We were a lower middle class family,
but that's of course not real poverty.
but that's of course not real poverty.
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Mi smo bili porodica niže srednje klase,
ali to, naravno, nije pravo siromaštvo.
ali to, naravno, nije pravo siromaštvo.
02:50
That's not even close.
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To nije ni približno.
02:52
The first time I saw poverty,
and poverty's face,
and poverty's face,
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Prvi put sam video siromaštvo
i lice siromaštva
i lice siromaštva
02:55
was when I was six
or seven years old, early 1970s.
or seven years old, early 1970s.
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kada sam imao šest
ili sedam godina, ranih 1970-ih.
ili sedam godina, ranih 1970-ih.
02:58
And it was like a lot of you,
kind of a prosaic example, kind of trite.
kind of a prosaic example, kind of trite.
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Bilo je kao i kod većine vas,
prozaičan primer, nekako otrcan.
prozaičan primer, nekako otrcan.
03:02
It was a picture in the National
Geographic Magazine
Geographic Magazine
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Bila je to slika u časopisu
„Nacionalna geografija“
„Nacionalna geografija“
03:06
of a kid who was my age in East Africa,
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deteta koje je bilo mojih godina
u istočnoj Africi.
u istočnoj Africi.
03:10
and there were flies on his face
and a distended belly.
and a distended belly.
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Bilo je muva na njegovom licu
i imao je naduven stomak.
i imao je naduven stomak.
03:13
And he wasn't going to make it,
and I knew that, and I was helpless.
and I knew that, and I was helpless.
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On neće preživeti, znao sam to
i bio sam bespomoćan.
i bio sam bespomoćan.
03:18
Some of you remember that picture,
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Neki od vas se sećaju te slike,
03:20
not exactly that picture,
one just like it.
one just like it.
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ne baš te slike, već neke slične.
03:22
It introduced the West
to grinding poverty around the world.
to grinding poverty around the world.
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Predstavila je Zapadu
mučno siromaštvo širom sveta.
mučno siromaštvo širom sveta.
03:28
Well, that vision kind of haunted me
as I grew up and I went to school
as I grew up and I went to school
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Taj prizor me je nekako proganjao
dok sam odrastao i išao u školu,
dok sam odrastao i išao u školu,
03:33
and I dropped out and dropped in
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napuštao je i vraćao se
03:34
and started my family.
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i osnivao svoju porodicu.
Pitao sam se šta se dogodilo
sa tim detetom
sa tim detetom
03:37
And I wondered, what happened to that kid?
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03:39
Or to people just like him
all over the world?
all over the world?
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ili sa ljudima poput njega širom sveta.
Stoga sam počeo da izučavam,
mada nisam išao na fakultet,
mada nisam išao na fakultet,
03:43
And so I started to study,
even though I wasn't in college,
even though I wasn't in college,
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tražio sam odgovor na to
03:46
I was looking for the answer:
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šta se dešava
najsiromašnijim ljudima sveta.
najsiromašnijim ljudima sveta.
03:47
what happened to the world's
poorest people?
poorest people?
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Da li se pogoršalo?
Da li se poboljšalo? Šta?
Da li se poboljšalo? Šta?
03:49
Has it gotten worse?
Has it gotten better? What?
Has it gotten better? What?
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03:51
And I found the answer,
and it changed my life,
and it changed my life,
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Pronašao sam odgovor,
promenio mi je život,
promenio mi je život,
03:54
and I want to share it with you.
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i želim da ga podelim sa vama.
03:57
See --
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Vidite,
03:59
most Americans believe
that poverty has gotten worse
that poverty has gotten worse
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većina Amerikanaca veruje
da se siromaštvo pogoršalo
da se siromaštvo pogoršalo
04:04
since we were children,
since they saw that vision.
since they saw that vision.
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otkad smo bili deca,
otkad su videli taj prizor.
otkad su videli taj prizor.
Ako upitate Amerikance:
04:07
If you ask Americans, "Has poverty
gotten worse or better around the world?",
gotten worse or better around the world?",
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„Da li se siromaštvo pogoršalo
ili poboljšalo širom sveta?“,
ili poboljšalo širom sveta?“,
04:10
70 percent will say that hunger
has gotten worse since the early 1970s.
has gotten worse since the early 1970s.
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Sedamdeset posto će vam reći da se glad
pogoršala od ranih 1970-ih godina.
pogoršala od ranih 1970-ih godina.
04:14
But here's the truth.
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Međutim, evo istine.
04:15
Here's the epiphany that I had
that changed my thinking.
that changed my thinking.
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Evo prosvetljenja koje sam doživeo
koje mi je promenilo razmišljanje.
koje mi je promenilo razmišljanje.
04:19
From 1970 until today,
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Od 1970. do danas,
04:22
the percentage of the world's population
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procenat svetske populacije
04:25
living in starvation levels,
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koji živi na nivou gladovanja,
na samo jednom dolaru dnevno ili manje -
očito, to je prilagođeno zbog inflacije -
očito, to je prilagođeno zbog inflacije -
04:27
living on a dollar a day or less,
obviously adjusted for inflation,
obviously adjusted for inflation,
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04:31
that percentage has declined
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taj procenat je opao
04:34
by 80 percent.
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za 80 odsto.
04:37
There's been an 80 percent decline
in the world's worst poverty
in the world's worst poverty
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Došlo je do pada od 80 odsto
najgoreg siromaštva na svetu
najgoreg siromaštva na svetu
otkad sam bio dete.
04:40
since I was a kid.
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Nisam ni znao za to.
04:41
And I didn't even know about it.
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To je, prijatelji moji, čudo.
04:42
This, my friends, that's a miracle.
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04:45
That's something we ought to celebrate.
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To je nešto što treba da slavimo.
04:47
It's the greatest antipoverty achievement
in the history of mankind,
in the history of mankind,
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To je najveće postignuće
u borbi protiv siromaštva
u borbi protiv siromaštva
u istoriji čovečanstva,
04:51
and it happened in our lifetimes.
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a dogodilo se u našem životnom veku.
04:54
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
04:58
So when I learned this, I asked,
what did that? What made it possible?
what did that? What made it possible?
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Kada sam saznao ovo, zapitao sam se:
„Čime se to postiglo?
Šta je to omogućilo?“
Šta je to omogućilo?“
05:02
Because if you don't know why,
you can't do it again.
you can't do it again.
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Jer, ako ne znate zašto,
ne možete to da ponovite.
ne možete to da ponovite.
05:05
If you want to replicate it
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Ako želite to da ponovite
05:07
and get the next two billion
people out of poverty,
people out of poverty,
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i izvučete iz siromaštva
naredne dve milijarde ljudi,
naredne dve milijarde ljudi,
jer to je ono o čemu govorimo,
a otkad sam bio dete,
a otkad sam bio dete,
05:09
because that's what we're talking about:
since I was a kid,
since I was a kid,
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najmanje dve milijarde njih,
naše braće i sestara,
naše braće i sestara,
05:12
two billion of the least of these,
our brothers and sisters,
our brothers and sisters,
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izvučeno je iz siromaštva.
05:15
have been pulled out of poverty.
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Hoću da tako bude i sa naredne dve,
stoga moram da znam zašto.
stoga moram da znam zašto.
05:16
I want the next two billion,
so I've got to know why.
so I've got to know why.
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05:19
And I went in search of an answer.
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Krenuo sam u potragu za odgovorom.
05:21
And it wasn't a political answer,
because I didn't care.
because I didn't care.
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To nije bio politički odgovor,
jer me nije bilo briga.
jer me nije bilo briga.
05:23
You know what, I still don't care.
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Znate šta, i dalje me nije briga.
05:25
I wanted the best answer
from mainstream economists
from mainstream economists
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Hteo sam najbolji odgovor
od vodećih ekonomista,
od vodećih ekonomista,
05:30
left, right and center.
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levice, desnice i sredine.
05:32
And here it is.
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I evo ga.
05:34
Here are the reasons.
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Evo razloga.
05:35
There are five reasons that two billion
of our brothers and sisters
of our brothers and sisters
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Postoji pet razloga zašto je dve milijarde
naše braće i sestara
naše braće i sestara
05:39
have been pulled out of poverty
since I was a kid.
since I was a kid.
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iščupano iz siromaštva otkad sam bio dete.
05:42
Number one: globalization.
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Broj jedan: globalizacija.
05:45
Number two: free trade.
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Broj dva: slobodna trgovina.
05:47
Number three: property rights.
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Broj tri: pravo svojine.
05:49
Number four: rule of law.
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Broj četiri: vladavina prava.
05:52
Number five: entrepreneurship.
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Broj pet: preduzetništvo.
05:55
It was the free enterprise system
spreading around the world
spreading around the world
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Sistem slobodnog preduzetništva
koji se širio po svetu
koji se širio po svetu
05:59
after 1970 that did that.
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nakon 1970. godine je to postigao.
06:01
Now, I'm not naive.
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E, sad, nisam naivan.
06:03
I know that free enterprise isn't perfect,
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Znam da slobodno preduzetništvo
nije savršeno
nije savršeno
06:06
and I know that free enterprise
isn't everything we need
isn't everything we need
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i znam da slobodno preduzetništvo
nije sve što nam je potrebno
nije sve što nam je potrebno
da bismo izgradili bolji svet.
06:09
to build a better world.
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06:10
But that is great.
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Ipak, to je sjajno
06:13
And that's beyond politics.
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i to je iznad politike.
06:14
Here's what I learned.
This is the epiphany.
This is the epiphany.
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Evo šta sam shvatio. Ovo je prosvetljenje.
06:16
Capitalism is not just about accumulation.
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Kapitalizam se ne odnosi
samo na gomilanje.
samo na gomilanje.
06:19
At its best, it's about aspiration,
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U svom najboljem obliku,
odnosi se na stremljenje,
odnosi se na stremljenje,
06:22
which is what so many people
on this stage talk about,
on this stage talk about,
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a to je ono o čemu toliko ljudi
na ovoj bini govori,
na ovoj bini govori,
06:24
is the aspiration that comes from dreams
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o stremljenju koje proizilazi iz snova
koji su ugrađeni u sistem
slobodnog preduzetništva.
slobodnog preduzetništva.
06:28
that are embedded
in the free enterprise system.
in the free enterprise system.
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06:30
And we've got to share it
with more people.
with more people.
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Moramo ga deliti sa još ljudi.
06:32
Now, I want to tell you
about a second epiphany
about a second epiphany
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E, sad, hoću da vam pričam
o drugom prosvetljenju
o drugom prosvetljenju
06:35
that's related to that first one
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koje je u vezi sa prvim
06:38
that I think can bring us progress,
not just around the world,
not just around the world,
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koje smatram da nam može doneti napredak,
ne samo širom sveta,
ne samo širom sveta,
06:41
but right here at home.
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već i ovde, u domovini.
06:43
The best quote I've ever heard
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Najbolji citat koji sam čuo
06:45
to summarize the thoughts
that I've just given you
that I've just given you
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da rezimira misli
koje sam vam upravo izneo
koje sam vam upravo izneo
06:49
about pulling people out of poverty
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o izvlačenju ljudi iz siromaštva
06:51
is as follows:
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je sledeći:
06:53
"Free markets have created more wealth
than any system in history.
than any system in history.
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„Slobodna tržišta su stvorila
više bogatstva
više bogatstva
od bilo kog sistema u istoriji.
06:58
They have lifted billions out of poverty."
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Izdigla su milijarde iz siromaštva.“
07:02
Who said it?
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Ko je to rekao?
07:03
It sounds like Milton Friedman
or Ronald Reagan.
or Ronald Reagan.
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Zvuči kao Milton Fridman ili Ronald Regan.
07:07
Wrong.
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Greška.
07:09
President Barack Obama said that.
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Predsednik Barak Obama je to rekao.
07:12
Why do I know it by heart?
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Zašto to znam napamet?
07:14
Because he said it to me.
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Jer je to rekao meni.
07:17
Crazy.
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Ludo.
07:19
And I said, "Hallelujah."
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Rekao sam: „Aleluja.“
07:22
But more than that, I said,
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Štaviše, rekao sam:
07:25
"What an opportunity."
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„Kakva prilika.“
Znate li o čemu sam razmišljao?
07:27
You know what I was a thinking?
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Bilo je to na događaju
koji smo održavali na ovu temu
koji smo održavali na ovu temu
07:28
It was at an event
that we were doing on the subject
that we were doing on the subject
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na Univerzitetu u Džordžtaunu
u maju 2015. godine.
u maju 2015. godine.
07:31
at Georgetown University in May of 2015.
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07:33
And I thought, this is the solution
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Pomislio sam da je to rešenje
07:35
to the biggest problem
facing America today. What?
facing America today. What?
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za najveći problem sa kojim se Amerika
suočava danas. Šta?
suočava danas. Šta?
07:39
It's coming together around these ideas,
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To je udruživanje oko ovih ideja,
07:42
liberals and conservatives,
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liberala i konzervativaca,
07:43
to help people who need us the most.
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da bismo pomogli ljudima
kojima smo najviše potrebni.
kojima smo najviše potrebni.
07:47
Now, I don't have to tell anybody
in this room that we're in a crisis,
in this room that we're in a crisis,
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Nije potrebno da nikome u ovoj prostoriji
kažem da smo u krizi,
kažem da smo u krizi,
u Americi i mnogim zemljama širom sveta
sa političkom polarizovanošću.
sa političkom polarizovanošću.
07:50
in America and many countries around
the world with political polarization.
the world with political polarization.
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To je poraslo do kritičnog, kriznog nivoa.
07:54
It's risen to critical, crisis levels.
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07:56
It's unpleasant. It's not right.
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Neprijatno je. Nije kako treba.
07:59
There was an article last year
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Objavljen je jedan članak prošle godine
u „Zborniku Nacionalne akademije nauka“,
u „Zborniku Nacionalne akademije nauka“,
08:01
in the Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences,
of the National Academy of Sciences,
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koji je jedan od najprestižnijih
naučnih časopisa
naučnih časopisa
08:03
which is one of the most
prestigious scientific journals
prestigious scientific journals
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08:08
published in the West.
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koji se izdaju na Zapadu.
08:09
And it was an article in 2014
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Bio je to članak iz 2014. godine
08:11
on political motive asymmetry.
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o asimetriji političkih motiva.
08:14
What's that? That's what psychologists
call the phenomenon
call the phenomenon
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Šta je to? To je ono što psiholozi
nazivaju pojavom pretpostavke
nazivaju pojavom pretpostavke
08:17
of assuming that your ideology
is based in love
is based in love
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da je vaša ideologija
zasnovana na ljubavi,
zasnovana na ljubavi,
08:21
but your opponents' ideology
is based in hate.
is based in hate.
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a protivnikova ideologija
ima osnovu u mržnji.
ima osnovu u mržnji.
08:24
It's common in world conflict.
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Učestala je u svetskim konfliktima.
08:27
You expect to see this between
Palestinians and Israelis, for example.
Palestinians and Israelis, for example.
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Očekujete da ćete to videti
između Palestinaca i Izraelaca, na primer.
između Palestinaca i Izraelaca, na primer.
08:32
What the authors of this article found
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Autori ovog članka su otkrili
08:34
was that in America today,
a majority of Republicans and Democrats
a majority of Republicans and Democrats
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da u današnjoj Americi
većina republikanaca i demokrata
većina republikanaca i demokrata
08:39
suffer from political motive asymmetry.
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boluje od asimetrije političkog motiva.
08:42
A majority of people in our country today
who are politically active believe
who are politically active believe
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Većina ljudi koji su politički aktivni
u našoj zemlji danas veruje
u našoj zemlji danas veruje
08:45
that they are motivated by love
but the other side is motivated by hate.
but the other side is motivated by hate.
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da ih motiviše ljubav,
dok drugu stranu motiviše mržnja.
dok drugu stranu motiviše mržnja.
Razmislite o tome. Razmislite o tome.
08:49
Think about it. Think about it.
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08:50
Most people are walking around saying,
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Većina ljudi ide okolo govoreći:
08:53
"You know, my ideology
is based on basic benevolence,
is based on basic benevolence,
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„Znate, moja ideologija
zasniva se na osnovnoj dobronamernosti,
zasniva se na osnovnoj dobronamernosti,
želim da pomognem ljudima,
08:56
I want to help people,
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08:57
but the other guys,
they're evil and out to get me."
they're evil and out to get me."
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ali ovi drugi, oni su zli
i nameračili su se protiv mene.“
i nameračili su se protiv mene.“
09:01
You can't progress as a society
when you have this kind of asymmetry.
when you have this kind of asymmetry.
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Ne možete napredovati kao društvo
ako imate takvu asimetriju.
ako imate takvu asimetriju.
09:06
It's impossible.
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Nemoguće je.
09:08
How do we solve it?
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Kako da to rešimo?
Pa, najpre, budimo iskreni,
razlike postoje.
razlike postoje.
09:09
Well, first, let's be honest:
there are differences.
there are differences.
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09:13
Let's not minimize the differences.
That would be really naïve.
That would be really naïve.
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Ne umanjujmo razlike.
To bi zaista bilo naivno.
To bi zaista bilo naivno.
O ovome je sprovedeno
dosta dobrih istraživanja.
dosta dobrih istraživanja.
09:17
There's a lot of good research on this.
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09:19
A veteran of the TED stage
is my friend Jonathan Haidt.
is my friend Jonathan Haidt.
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Veteran TED bine
je moj prijatelj Džonatan Hajt.
je moj prijatelj Džonatan Hajt.
09:22
He's a psychology professor
at New York University.
at New York University.
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On je profesor psihologije
na Univerzitetu u Njujorku.
na Univerzitetu u Njujorku.
09:25
He does work on the ideology
and values and morals of different people
and values and morals of different people
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Radi na ideologiji,
vrednostima i moralu različitih ljudi
vrednostima i moralu različitih ljudi
09:30
to see how they differ.
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da bi video kako se razlikuju.
09:32
And he's shown, for example,
that conservatives and liberals
that conservatives and liberals
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Pokazao je, na primer,
da se konzervativci i liberali
da se konzervativci i liberali
09:35
have a very different emphasis
on what they think is important.
on what they think is important.
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veoma razlikuju
po onome što ističu da je važno.
po onome što ističu da je važno.
09:38
For example, Jon Haidt has shown
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Na primer, Džon Hajt je pokazao
09:41
that liberals care about poverty
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da je liberalima stalo do siromaštva
09:44
59 percent more than they care
about economic liberty.
about economic liberty.
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59 posto više nego što im je stalo
do ekonomske slobode,
do ekonomske slobode,
09:48
And conservatives
care about economic liberty
care about economic liberty
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a konzervativcima je stalo
do ekonomske slobode
do ekonomske slobode
09:50
28 percent more
than they care about poverty.
than they care about poverty.
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28 posto više nego do siromaštva.
09:54
Irreconcilable differences, right?
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Nepomirljive razlike, zar ne?
09:57
We'll never come together. Wrong.
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Nikada se nećemo složiti. Pogrešno.
09:59
That is diversity
in which lies our strength.
in which lies our strength.
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Ovo je različitost
u kojoj leži naša snaga.
u kojoj leži naša snaga.
10:02
Remember what pulled up the poor.
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Setite se šta je izvuklo siromašne.
10:07
It was the obsession with poverty,
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Bila je to opsednutost siromaštvom,
10:10
accompanied by the method
of economic freedom
of economic freedom
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zajedno sa metodom ekonomske slobode
10:14
spreading around the world.
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koja se širila po svetu.
10:16
We need each other, in other words,
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Potrebni smo jedni drugima, drugim rečima,
ako hoćemo da pomognemo ljudima
10:18
if we want to help people and get the next
two billion people out of poverty.
two billion people out of poverty.
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i izvučemo još dve milijarde ljudi
iz siromaštva.
iz siromaštva.
10:22
There's no other way.
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Nema drugog načina.
10:24
Hmm.
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Hm.
10:25
How are we going to get that?
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Kako ćemo to da uradimo?
10:28
It's a tricky thing, isn't it.
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Nezgodno je, zar ne?
10:30
We need innovative thinking.
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Potrebno nam je inovativno razmišljanje.
10:32
A lot of it's on this stage.
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Ima ga dosta na ovoj bini.
10:33
Social entrepreneurship.
Yeah. Absolutely. Phenomenal.
Yeah. Absolutely. Phenomenal.
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Društveno preduzetništvo.
Da, apsolutno. Fenomenalno.
Da, apsolutno. Fenomenalno.
10:38
We need investment overseas
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Potrebna su nam ulaganja izvan granica
10:40
in a sustainable, responsible,
ethical and moral way. Yes. Yes.
ethical and moral way. Yes. Yes.
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na održiv, odgovoran,
etički i moralan način. Da. Da.
etički i moralan način. Da. Da.
Međutim, znate li šta nam zaista treba?
10:45
But you know what we really need?
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10:46
We need a new day in flexible ideology.
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Potreban nam je preokret
fleksibilne ideologije.
fleksibilne ideologije.
10:51
We need to be less predictable.
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Potrebno nam je da budemo
manje predvidljivi.
manje predvidljivi.
10:54
Don't we?
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Zar ne?
10:55
Do you ever feel like your own ideology
is starting to get predictable?
is starting to get predictable?
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Da li ikada osećate
da vaša ideologija postaje predvidljiva,
da vaša ideologija postaje predvidljiva,
11:00
Kinda conventional?
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nekako konvencionalna?
11:02
Do you ever feel like you're always
listening to people who agree with you?
listening to people who agree with you?
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Da li vam se čini da uvek slušate
ljude koji se slažu sa vama?
ljude koji se slažu sa vama?
11:06
Why is that dangerous?
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Zašto je to opasno?
11:08
Because when we talk
in this country about economics,
in this country about economics,
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Zato što, kada u ovoj zemlji
govorimo o ekonomiji,
govorimo o ekonomiji,
ako ste na desnoj strani, konzervativci,
11:11
on the right, conservatives,
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11:13
you're always talking about taxes
and regulations and big government.
and regulations and big government.
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uvek pričate o porezima,
regulativama i velikoj vladi.
regulativama i velikoj vladi.
Na levoj strani, liberali,
kada vi govorite o ekonomiji,
kada vi govorite o ekonomiji,
11:18
And on the left, liberals,
you're talking about economics,
you're talking about economics,
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uvek se radi o nejednakosti prihoda.
11:21
it's always about income inequality.
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11:23
Right? Now those are important things,
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Zar ne? To su važne stvari,
11:27
really important to me,
really important to you.
really important to you.
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zaista važne za mene, zaista važne za vas.
Međutim, kada se radi o uzdizanju ljudi
11:29
But when it comes to lifting people up
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11:32
who are starving and need us today,
those are distractions.
those are distractions.
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koji gladuju i kojima smo potrebni danas,
to odvraća pažnju.
to odvraća pažnju.
11:36
We need to come together
around the best ways
around the best ways
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Potrebno je da se udružimo
oko najboljih načina
oko najboljih načina
11:40
to mitigate poverty
using the best tools at our disposal,
using the best tools at our disposal,
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da ublažimo siromaštvo
koristeći najbolja sredstva
kojima raspolažemo,
kojima raspolažemo,
11:43
and that comes only when conservatives
recognize that they need liberals
recognize that they need liberals
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a to nastupa tek kada konzervativci
priznaju da su im potrebni liberali
priznaju da su im potrebni liberali
11:48
and their obsession with poverty,
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i njihova opsednutost siromaštvom,
11:49
and liberals need conservatives
and their obsession with free markets.
and their obsession with free markets.
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i da su liberalima potrebni konzervativci
i njihova opsesija slobodnim tržištima.
i njihova opsesija slobodnim tržištima.
11:55
That's the diversity in which lies
the future strength of this country,
the future strength of this country,
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To je različitost u kojoj leži
buduća snaga ove zemlje,
buduća snaga ove zemlje,
11:59
if we choose to take it.
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ako odlučimo da je prihvatimo.
12:02
So how are we going to do it?
How are we going to do it together?
How are we going to do it together?
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Pa, kako ćemo to da uradimo?
Kako ćemo to uraditi zajedno?
Kako ćemo to uraditi zajedno?
Moram da imam neke akcione stavke,
ne samo za vas, već i za mene.
ne samo za vas, već i za mene.
12:05
I've got to have some action items,
not just for you but for me.
not just for you but for me.
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12:09
Number one. Action item number one:
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Broj jedan, akciona stavka broj jedan:
12:12
remember, it's not good enough
just to tolerate people who disagree.
just to tolerate people who disagree.
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upamtite, nije dovoljno samo tolerisati
ljude koji se ne slažu sa nama.
ljude koji se ne slažu sa nama.
12:17
It's not good enough.
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To nije dovoljno.
12:19
We have to remember that we need
people who disagree with us,
people who disagree with us,
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Moramo da upamtimo da su nam potrebni
ljudi koji se ne slažu sa nama,
ljudi koji se ne slažu sa nama,
12:23
because there are people
who need all of us
who need all of us
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jer ima ljudi kojima smo potrebni svi mi,
12:25
who are still waiting for these tools.
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a koji još čekaju na ta sredstva.
12:28
Now, what are you going to do?
How are you going to express that?
How are you going to express that?
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Šta ćete da uradite?
Kako ćete to da izrazite?
Kako ćete to da izrazite?
12:32
Where does this start? It starts here.
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Gde ovo počinje? Počinje ovde.
12:33
You know, all of us
in this room, we're blessed.
in this room, we're blessed.
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Znate, svi mi u ovoj prostoriji,
mi imamo sreće.
mi imamo sreće.
12:37
We're blessed with people
who listen to us.
who listen to us.
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Imamo sreće da imamo
ljude koji nas slušaju.
ljude koji nas slušaju.
12:39
We're blessed with prosperity.
We're blessed with leadership.
We're blessed with leadership.
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Imamo sreću napretka. Imamo sreću vođstva.
12:42
When people hear us,
with the kind of unpredictable ideology,
with the kind of unpredictable ideology,
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Kada nas ljudi čuju, sa nekom vrstom
nepredvidljive ideologije,
nepredvidljive ideologije,
12:47
then maybe people will listen.
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tada će možda slušati.
12:49
Maybe progress will start at that point.
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Možda će napredak početi u tom trenutku.
12:51
That's number one. Number two.
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To je broj jedan. Broj dva.
12:54
Number two: I'm asking you
and I'm asking me
and I'm asking me
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Broj dva: tražim od vas i od sebe
12:58
to be the person specifically
who blurs the lines,
who blurs the lines,
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da budemo osobe koje zamagljuju granice,
13:03
who is ambiguous, who is hard to classify.
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koje su dvosmislene,
koje je teško svrstati.
koje je teško svrstati.
13:07
If you're a conservative,
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Ako ste konzervativac,
13:08
be the conservative
who is always going on about poverty
who is always going on about poverty
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budite konzervativac
koji uvek priča o siromaštvu
koji uvek priča o siromaštvu
13:12
and the moral obligation
to be a warrior for the poor.
to be a warrior for the poor.
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i moralnoj obavezi
da budemo borci za siromašne.
da budemo borci za siromašne.
13:14
And if you're a liberal,
be a liberal who is always talking
be a liberal who is always talking
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Ako ste liberal,
budite liberal koji uvek govori
budite liberal koji uvek govori
13:18
about the beauty of free markets
to solve our problems
to solve our problems
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o lepoti slobodnih tržišta
u rešavanju naših problema
u rešavanju naših problema
13:23
when we use them responsibly.
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kada ih odgovorno koristimo.
13:25
If we do that, we get two things.
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Ako to uradimo, dobijamo dve stvari.
13:28
Number one: we get to start
to work on the next two billion
to work on the next two billion
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Broj jedan: počinjemo da radimo
na sledeće dve milijarde
na sledeće dve milijarde
13:32
and be the solution
that we've seen so much of in the past
that we've seen so much of in the past
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i da budemo rešenje
koje smo toliko viđali u prošlosti
koje smo toliko viđali u prošlosti
i koje treba da više viđamo u budućnosti;
to je ono što dobijamo.
to je ono što dobijamo.
13:36
and we need to see more of in the future.
That's what we get.
That's what we get.
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13:39
And the second is
that we might just be able
that we might just be able
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A drugo je da bismo mogli
13:42
to take the ghastly holy war of ideology
that we're suffering under in this country
that we're suffering under in this country
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da uzmemo ovaj grozni sveti rat ideologije
koji trpimo u ovoj zemlji
koji trpimo u ovoj zemlji
13:46
and turn it into a competition of ideas
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i pretvorimo ga u nadmetanje ideja
13:51
based on solidarity and mutual respect.
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zasnovanih na solidarnosti
i zajedničkom poštovanju,
i zajedničkom poštovanju,
13:54
And then maybe, just maybe,
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a tada možda, samo možda,
13:58
we'll all realize that our big differences
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shvatimo da naše velike razlike
14:02
aren't really that big after all.
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i nisu stvarno tako velike.
14:05
Thank you.
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Hvala.
14:06
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Arthur Brooks - Social scientist, authorAs president of the American Enterprise Institute, Arthur Brooks is changing the way conservatives think about poverty and opportunity.
Why you should listen
When classical French horn player Arthur Brooks returned to the United States from Spain with no money and few academic credentials, he felt he was immigrating to his own country. Now, as president of the conservative think tank American Enterprise Institute (and an author of many columns and books, including his latest, The Conservative Heart), he's injecting a much-needed dose of compassion into contemporary conservative discourse.
A tireless advocate of free enterprise, Brooks argues that "a conservatism that fights poverty, promotes equal opportunity and extols spiritual enlightenment" is what the United States needs to restore prosperity and happiness.
Arthur Brooks | Speaker | TED.com