TEDxMileHigh
Sabine Doebel: How your brain's executive function works -- and how to improve it
Sabin Dobel (Sabine Doebel): Kako izvršna funkcija mozga funkcioniše i kako da je poboljšate
Filmed:
Readability: 3.6
2,412,954 views
Koristite izvršnu funkciju svog mozga svaki dan - tako radite stvari kao što su obraćanje pažnje, planiranje unapred i kontrolisanje impulsa. Možete li da je unapredite kako bi se promenila nabolje? Uz najvažnije delove svog istraživanja razvoja dece, kognitivna naučnica Sabin Dobel istražuje faktore koji utiču na izvršnu funkciju i kako je možete koristiti da se rešite loših navika i da postignete svoje ciljeve.
Sabine Doebel - Cognitive scientist
Sabine Doebel studies the developing mind to understand how experience shapes our thinking and executive control skills. Full bio
Sabine Doebel studies the developing mind to understand how experience shapes our thinking and executive control skills. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
So I have a confession to make.
0
708
2851
Imam jedno priznanje.
00:15
I only recently learned how to drive.
1
3583
2292
Tek nedavno sam naučila da vozim.
00:18
And it was really hard.
2
6750
1542
I bilo je baš teško.
00:21
Now, this wasn't an older brain thing.
3
9125
3059
To nije zbog toga što sam starija.
00:24
Do you remember what it was like
when you first learned how to drive?
when you first learned how to drive?
4
12208
3268
Sećate li se kako vam je bilo
kada ste vi učili da vozite?
kada ste vi učili da vozite?
Kada je svaka odluka koju ste donosili
bila tako svesna i promišljena?
bila tako svesna i promišljena?
00:27
When every decision you made
was so conscious and deliberate?
was so conscious and deliberate?
5
15500
2958
00:31
I'd come home from my lessons
completely wiped out mentally.
completely wiped out mentally.
6
19208
3459
Dolazila bih kući sa časova
potpuno mentalno iscrpljena.
potpuno mentalno iscrpljena.
00:35
Now, as a cognitive scientist
I know that this is because I was using
I know that this is because I was using
7
23458
3435
Kao kognitivni naučnik,
znam da je to zbog toga što sam koristila
znam da je to zbog toga što sam koristila
00:38
a lot of something
called executive function.
called executive function.
8
26917
3791
dosta onog što se zove izvršna funkcija.
00:43
Executive function is our amazing ability
to consciously control our thoughts,
to consciously control our thoughts,
9
31375
5393
Izvršna funkcija je naša sjajna sposobnost
da svesno kontrolišemo svoje misli,
da svesno kontrolišemo svoje misli,
00:48
emotions and actions
10
36792
1809
emocije i aktivnosti
00:50
in order to achieve goals ...
11
38625
2018
kako bismo postigli ciljeve...
00:52
like learning how to drive.
12
40667
1583
kao što je učenje vožnje.
00:55
It's what we use when we need
to break away from habit,
to break away from habit,
13
43000
3018
To je ono što koristimo kada treba
da pobegnemo od navike,
da pobegnemo od navike,
00:58
inhibit our impulses and plan ahead.
14
46042
2500
sputamo impulse i planiramo unapred.
01:01
But we can see it most clearly
when things go wrong.
when things go wrong.
15
49708
2792
Najbolje je možemo videti
kada stvari krenu po zlu.
kada stvari krenu po zlu.
01:05
Like, have you ever accidentally
poured orange juice on your cereal?
poured orange juice on your cereal?
16
53250
3393
Npr. da li ste ikada slučajno
sipali đus preko žitarica?
sipali đus preko žitarica?
01:08
(Laughter)
17
56667
2059
(Smeh)
Ili, da li ste ikada počeli
da skrolujete Fejsbukom
da skrolujete Fejsbukom
01:10
Or, ever start scrolling on Facebook
18
58750
1893
01:12
and suddenly realize
you've missed a meeting?
you've missed a meeting?
19
60667
2142
i odjednom shvatili
da ste propustili sastanak?
da ste propustili sastanak?
01:14
(Laughter)
20
62833
1310
(Smeh)
01:16
Or maybe this one's more familiar:
21
64167
1642
Ili vam ovo zvuči poznatije:
da li ste ikada planirali da svratite
u prodavnicu na putu s posla,
u prodavnicu na putu s posla,
01:17
Ever plan to stop at the store
on the way home from work
on the way home from work
22
65833
2685
01:20
and then drive all the way home
instead on autopilot?
instead on autopilot?
23
68542
2851
a onda se, na autopilotu, odvezli kući?
01:23
(Laughter)
24
71417
2184
(Smeh)
01:25
These things happen to everyone.
25
73625
2393
Ove stvari se dešavaju svima.
01:28
And we usually call it absentmindedness,
26
76042
1934
I to obično zovemo rasejanost,
01:30
but what's really happening
27
78000
1309
ali u stvari se dešava
01:31
is we're experiencing a lapse
in executive function.
in executive function.
28
79333
3125
da doživljavamo zastoj
u izvršnoj funkciji.
u izvršnoj funkciji.
01:35
So we use executive function
every day in all aspects of our lives.
every day in all aspects of our lives.
29
83625
4393
Izvršnu funkciju koristimo svaki dan
u svim aspektima života.
u svim aspektima života.
01:40
And over the past 30 years,
30
88042
1434
Tokom poslednjih 30 godina,
01:41
researchers have found
that it predicts all kinds of good things
that it predicts all kinds of good things
31
89500
3768
istraživači su otkrili
da predviđa razne dobre stvari
da predviđa razne dobre stvari
01:45
in childhood and beyond,
32
93292
2184
u detinjstvu i kasnije,
01:47
like social skills, academic achievement,
mental and physical health,
mental and physical health,
33
95500
4559
kao što su društvene veštine,
akademski uspeh,
akademski uspeh,
psihičko i fizičko zdravlje,
01:52
making money, saving money
34
100083
2018
zarađivanje, štednju,
01:54
and even staying out of jail.
35
102125
2143
čak i izbegavanje zatvora.
01:56
Sounds great, doesn't it?
36
104292
2017
Zvuči sjajno, zar ne?
01:58
So it's no surprise
37
106333
1435
Tako da ne iznenađuje
01:59
that researchers like me
are so interested in understanding it
are so interested in understanding it
38
107792
3434
da su istraživači kao ja
toliko zainteresovani da je razumeju
toliko zainteresovani da je razumeju
02:03
and figuring out ways to improve it.
39
111250
2208
i da shvate kako da je unaprede.
02:07
But lately, executive function has become
a huge self-improvement buzzword.
a huge self-improvement buzzword.
40
115167
5166
Nedavno, izvršna funkcija je postala
popularna formula za samopoboljšanje.
popularna formula za samopoboljšanje.
Ljudi misle da mogu da je unaprede
kroz aplikacije za trening mozga
kroz aplikacije za trening mozga
02:13
People think you can improve it
through brain-training iPhone apps
through brain-training iPhone apps
41
121042
3351
02:16
and computer games,
42
124417
1434
i kompjuterske igre,
02:17
or by practicing it in a specific way,
like playing chess.
like playing chess.
43
125875
3250
ili uvežbavajući je konkretno,
npr. igrajući šah.
npr. igrajući šah.
02:22
And researchers are trying
to train it in the lab
to train it in the lab
44
130250
3059
A naučnici pokušavaju
da je treniraju u laboratoriji
da je treniraju u laboratoriji
02:25
in the hopes of improving it
and other things related to it,
and other things related to it,
45
133333
2935
u nadi da će je unaprediti,
kao i druge povezane stvari,
kao i druge povezane stvari,
02:28
like intelligence.
46
136292
1291
kao što je inteligencija.
02:31
Well, I'm here to tell you
47
139333
1476
E pa, mogu vam reći
02:32
that this way of thinking
about executive function is all wrong.
about executive function is all wrong.
48
140833
3935
da je pogrešno ovako razmišljati
o izvršnoj funkciji.
o izvršnoj funkciji.
02:36
Brain training won't improve
executive function in a broad sense
executive function in a broad sense
49
144792
3559
Treniranje mozga neće unaprediti
izvršnu funkciju u širem smislu
izvršnu funkciju u širem smislu
02:40
because it involves
exercising it in a narrow way,
exercising it in a narrow way,
50
148375
3226
jer podrazumeva vežbanje u užem smislu,
02:43
outside of the real-world contexts
in which we actually use it.
in which we actually use it.
51
151625
4417
van realnog konteksta
u kojem je u stvari koristimo.
u kojem je u stvari koristimo.
Dakle, možete savladati aplikaciju
za izvršnu funkciju u telefonu,
za izvršnu funkciju u telefonu,
02:48
So you can master that executive
function app on your phone,
function app on your phone,
52
156875
2851
02:51
but that's not going to help you stop
pouring OJ on your Cheeerios twice a week.
pouring OJ on your Cheeerios twice a week.
53
159750
3774
ali vas to neće sprečiti da sipate
đus preko pahuljica dvaput nedeljno.
đus preko pahuljica dvaput nedeljno.
02:55
(Laughter)
54
163538
1105
(Smeh)
Ako zaista želite da poboljšate
svoju izvršnu funkciju
svoju izvršnu funkciju
02:56
If you really want to improve
your executive function
your executive function
55
164667
2517
02:59
in a way that matters for your life,
56
167208
2185
na način koji je važan za vaš život,
03:01
you have to understand
how it's influenced by context.
how it's influenced by context.
57
169417
3750
morate da razumete
kako na nju utiče kontekst.
kako na nju utiče kontekst.
Pokazaću vam šta mislim pod tim.
03:06
Let me show you what I mean.
58
174083
1601
03:07
There's a great test
that we use in the lab
that we use in the lab
59
175708
2351
Postoji sjajan test
koji koristimo u laboratoriji
koji koristimo u laboratoriji
za merenje izvršne funkcije
kod dece niskog uzrasta
kod dece niskog uzrasta
03:10
to measure executive function
in young children
in young children
60
178083
2226
03:12
called the "dimensional change card sort."
61
180333
2584
koji se zove „sortiranje karata
uz menjanje kriterijuma.“
uz menjanje kriterijuma.“
03:16
In this task, kids have to sort
cards in one way --
cards in one way --
62
184000
3434
U ovom zadatku, deca treba
da sortiraju karte na jedan način -
da sortiraju karte na jedan način -
03:19
like by shape --
63
187458
1518
npr. prema obliku -
03:21
over and over until they build up a habit.
64
189000
2768
iznova i iznova dok ne stvore naviku.
03:23
And then they're asked to switch
65
191792
2184
A onda im tražimo da se prebace
03:26
and sort the same cards in another way,
66
194000
2851
i sortiraju iste karte na drugačiji način,
03:28
like by color.
67
196875
1333
npr. po boji.
03:31
Now, really young kids struggle with this.
68
199083
3226
Baš mala deca se muče sa ovim.
03:34
Three- and four-year-olds will usually
keep sorting the cards in the old way
keep sorting the cards in the old way
69
202333
3601
Deca od tri i četiri godine će uglavnom
nastaviti da sortiraju na prvi način
nastaviti da sortiraju na prvi način
03:37
no matter how many times you remind
them of what they should be doing.
them of what they should be doing.
70
205958
3375
bez obzira na to koliko ih podsećate
na ono što bi trebalo da rade.
na ono što bi trebalo da rade.
03:42
(Video) Woman: If it's blue, put it here.
If it's red, put it here.
If it's red, put it here.
71
210125
3184
(Video) Žena: Ako je plava, stavi ovde.
Ako je crveno, stavi ovde.
Ako je crveno, stavi ovde.
03:45
Here's a blue one.
72
213333
1250
Evo ti plava.
03:47
OK, so now we're going to play
a different game.
a different game.
73
215083
2268
Okej, sada ćemo igrati drugu igru.
03:49
We're not going to play
the color game anymore.
the color game anymore.
74
217375
2226
Nećemo igrati igru boja više.
Sada ćemo se igrati igru oblika,
03:51
Now we're going to play the shape game,
75
219625
1893
i u ovoj igri,
03:53
and in the shape game,
76
221542
1267
sve zvezde idu ovde,
a svi kamioni ovde, okej?
a svi kamioni ovde, okej?
03:54
all the stars go here
and all the trucks go here, OK?
and all the trucks go here, OK?
77
222833
3226
03:58
Stars go here, trucks go here.
78
226083
2060
Zvezde idu ovde, kamioni ovde.
04:00
Where do the stars go?
79
228167
1291
Gde idu zvezde?
04:02
And where do the trucks go?
80
230667
1559
A gde idu kamioni?
04:04
Excellent.
81
232250
1268
Odlično.
Okej, zvezde idu ovde, kamioni idu ovde.
04:05
OK, stars go here, trucks go here.
82
233542
2309
04:07
Here's a truck.
83
235875
1250
Evo ga kamion.
04:10
(Laughter)
84
238542
1809
(Smeh)
04:12
Stars go here, trucks go here.
85
240375
2268
Zvezde idu ovde, kamioni ovde.
04:14
Here's a star.
86
242667
1250
Evo je zvezda.
04:17
(Laughter)
87
245208
2351
(Smeh)
04:19
SB: So it's really compelling,
88
247583
1893
SB: Baš je zanimljivo
04:21
and it's really obvious when she fails
to use her executive function.
to use her executive function.
89
249500
4101
i vrlo je očigledno kada ne uspe
da koristi svoju izvršnu funkciju.
da koristi svoju izvršnu funkciju.
04:25
But here's the thing:
90
253625
1268
Evo u čemu je stvar:
04:26
we could train her on this task
and others like it
and others like it
91
254917
2725
mogli bismo da je obučimo
za ovaj i slične zadatke
za ovaj i slične zadatke
04:29
and eventually she'd improve,
92
257666
2018
i na kraju bi se popravila,
04:31
but does that mean
93
259708
1268
ali da li to znači da bi popravila
izvršnu funkciju i van laboratorije?
izvršnu funkciju i van laboratorije?
04:33
that she would've improved
her executive function outside of the lab?
her executive function outside of the lab?
94
261000
3268
04:36
No, because in the real world,
she'll need to use executive function
she'll need to use executive function
95
264292
3434
Ne, jer u stvarnom svetu,
moraće da koristi izvršnu funkciju
moraće da koristi izvršnu funkciju
04:39
to do a lot more than switching
between shape and color.
between shape and color.
96
267750
3476
za mnogo više stvari
od prebacivanja između oblika i boje.
od prebacivanja između oblika i boje.
04:43
She'll need to switch
from adding to multiplying
from adding to multiplying
97
271250
2976
Moraće da se prebacuje
između sabiranja i množenja
između sabiranja i množenja
04:46
or from playing to tidying up
98
274250
2268
ili od igranja do spremanja
04:48
or from thinking about her own feelings
to thinking about her friend.
to thinking about her friend.
99
276542
3851
ili od razmišljanja o svojim osećanjima
do razmišljanja o prijatelju.
do razmišljanja o prijatelju.
04:52
And success in real-world situations
depends on things
depends on things
100
280417
2976
A uspeh u realnim situacijama zavisi
04:55
like how motivated you are
and what your peers are doing.
and what your peers are doing.
101
283417
3809
od toga koliko ste motivisani
i šta vaši vršnjaci rade.
i šta vaši vršnjaci rade.
04:59
And it also depends
on the strategies that you execute
on the strategies that you execute
102
287250
3101
Takođe zavisi i od strategija
koje upotrebljavate
koje upotrebljavate
05:02
when you're using executive function
in a particular situation.
in a particular situation.
103
290375
3250
kada koristite izvršnu funkciju
u određenoj situaciji.
u određenoj situaciji.
05:06
So what I'm saying is
that context really matters.
that context really matters.
104
294667
3708
Hoću da kažem da je kontekst veoma važan.
05:11
Now let me give you an example
from my research.
from my research.
105
299250
2726
Daću vam primer iz svog istraživanja.
05:14
I recently brought in a bunch of kids
to do the classic marshmallow test,
to do the classic marshmallow test,
106
302000
4393
Nedavno sam okupila gomilu dece
da urade klasičan test sa maršmelouom
da urade klasičan test sa maršmelouom
05:18
which is a measure
of delay of gratification
of delay of gratification
107
306417
2184
koji meri odlaganje zadovoljenja potrebe,
05:20
that also likely requires
a lot of executive function.
a lot of executive function.
108
308625
3125
a koji takođe verovatno zahteva
mnogo izvršne funkcije.
mnogo izvršne funkcije.
05:24
So you may have heard about this test,
109
312708
1851
Možda ste čuli za ovaj test,
ali uglavnom, deca imaju izbor.
05:26
but basically, kids are given a choice.
110
314583
2018
05:28
They can have one marshmallow right away,
111
316625
2309
Mogu da dobiju jedan maršmelou odmah,
05:30
or if they can wait for me
to go to the other room
to go to the other room
112
318958
2393
ili ako mogu da sačekaju
da odem u drugu sobu
da odem u drugu sobu
05:33
and get more marshmallows,
113
321375
1518
i donesem još maršmeloua,
05:34
they can have two instead.
114
322917
1791
mogu da dobiju dva.
05:37
Now, most kids really want
that second marshmallow,
that second marshmallow,
115
325417
4017
Većina dece stvarno želi
taj drugi maršmelou,
taj drugi maršmelou,
05:41
but the key question is:
How long can they wait?
How long can they wait?
116
329458
3226
ali glavno pitanje je:
koliko mogu da čekaju?
koliko mogu da čekaju?
05:44
(Laughter)
117
332708
1101
(Smeh)
05:45
Now, I added a twist
to look at the effects of context.
to look at the effects of context.
118
333833
4000
Dodala sam zaplet
da bih sagledala efekte konteksta.
da bih sagledala efekte konteksta.
05:50
I told each kid that they were in a group,
119
338750
2976
Svakom detetu sam rekla da pripada grupi,
05:53
like the green group,
120
341750
1643
npr. zelenoj grupi,
05:55
and I even gave them
a green T-shirt to wear.
a green T-shirt to wear.
121
343417
3142
čak sam im dala i da obuku zelenu majicu.
05:58
And I said, "Your group
waited for two marshmallows,
waited for two marshmallows,
122
346583
4101
Rekla sam im: „Tvoja grupa
je čekala drugi maršmelou,
je čekala drugi maršmelou,
06:02
and this other group, the orange group,
123
350708
2351
a ona druga grupa, narandžasta,
06:05
did not."
124
353083
1268
nije.“
06:06
Or I said the opposite:
125
354375
1476
Ili bih rekla suprotno:
06:07
"Your group didn't wait
for two marshmallows
for two marshmallows
126
355875
2059
„Tvoja grupa nije čekala drugi maršmelou,
06:09
and this other group did."
127
357958
2060
a ona druga grupa jeste.“
06:12
And then I left the kid alone in the room
128
360042
2309
A onda bih ostavila dete samo u sobi
06:14
and I watched on a webcam
to see how long they waited.
to see how long they waited.
129
362375
2833
i gledala na kameri koliko su čekali.
06:17
(Laughter)
130
365792
4059
(Smeh)
06:21
So what I found was that kids who believed
131
369875
3768
Saznala sam da su deca koja su verovala
06:25
that their group waited
for two marshmallows
for two marshmallows
132
373667
2142
da je njihova grupa čekala drugi kolačić
06:27
were themselves more likely to wait.
133
375833
2834
uglavnom i sama čekala.
06:32
So they were influenced by a peer group
that they'd never even met.
that they'd never even met.
134
380042
4434
Na njih je uticao vršnjak iz grupe
kog čak nikada i nisu upoznali.
kog čak nikada i nisu upoznali.
06:36
(Laughter)
135
384500
1393
(Smeh)
06:37
Pretty cool, isn't it?
136
385917
1684
Prilično kul, zar ne?
06:39
Well, so with this result
I still didn't know
I still didn't know
137
387625
2601
Ni nakon ovih rezultata nisam znala
06:42
if they were just copying their group
or if it was something deeper than that.
or if it was something deeper than that.
138
390250
4500
da li samo kopiraju svoju grupu
ili je bilo nešto dublje od toga.
ili je bilo nešto dublje od toga.
06:47
So I brought in some more kids,
139
395333
1685
Pa sam dovela još dece,
06:49
and after the marshmallow test,
I showed them pictures of pairs of kids,
I showed them pictures of pairs of kids,
140
397042
5017
i nakon testa sa maršmelouom
pokazala sam im slike parova dece,
pokazala sam im slike parova dece,
06:54
and I told them, "One of these kids
likes to have things right away,
likes to have things right away,
141
402083
3685
i rekla im: „Jedno od ove dece
voli da dobije stvari odmah,
voli da dobije stvari odmah,
06:57
like cookies and stickers.
142
405792
1976
npr. slatkiše i nalepnice.
06:59
And the other kid likes to wait
143
407792
1517
A drugo dete voli da sačeka
07:01
so that they can have
more of these things."
more of these things."
144
409333
2476
kako bi dobilo više ovih stvari.“
07:03
And then I asked them,
145
411833
1268
A onda sam ih pitala:
07:05
"Which one of these two kids
do you like more
do you like more
146
413125
2143
„Koje od ove dece vam se više sviđa
i sa kim biste voleli da se igrate?“
07:07
and who would you want to play with?"
147
415292
1791
07:09
And what I found was that kids
who believed that their group waited
who believed that their group waited
148
417833
3851
Saznala sam da su se onoj deci
koja su mislila da je njihova grupa čekala
koja su mislila da je njihova grupa čekala
07:13
tended to prefer other kids
who liked to wait for things.
who liked to wait for things.
149
421708
3417
više sviđala druga deca
koja vole da čekaju stvari.
koja vole da čekaju stvari.
07:17
So learning what their group did
made them value waiting more.
made them value waiting more.
150
425958
4125
Znajući šta je njihova grupa uradila,
više su cenili čekanje.
više su cenili čekanje.
07:22
And not only that,
151
430958
1768
I ne samo to,
07:24
these kids likely used executive function
152
432750
2309
ova deca su verovatno koristila
izvršnu funkciju
izvršnu funkciju
07:27
to generate strategies
to help themselves wait,
to help themselves wait,
153
435083
3060
da stvore strategije
koje bi im pomogle da čekaju,
koje bi im pomogle da čekaju,
07:30
like sitting on their hands
or turning away from the marshmallow
or turning away from the marshmallow
154
438167
3476
kao što je sedenje na dlanovima
ili okretanje od maršmeloua
ili okretanje od maršmeloua
07:33
or singing a song to distract themselves.
155
441667
3101
ili pevanje pesmice
kako bi skrenuli misli.
kako bi skrenuli misli.
07:36
(Laughter)
156
444792
1625
(Smeh)
07:39
So what this all shows
is just how much context matters.
is just how much context matters.
157
447500
4559
Sve ovo pokazuje koliko je kontekst važan.
07:44
It's not that these kids
had good executive function or bad,
had good executive function or bad,
158
452083
3560
Ne radi se o tome da su ova deca
imala dobru ili lošu izvršnu funkciju,
imala dobru ili lošu izvršnu funkciju,
07:47
it's that the context
helped them use it better.
helped them use it better.
159
455667
3000
već im je kontekst pomogao
da je bolje iskoriste.
da je bolje iskoriste.
07:52
So what does this mean
for you and for your kids?
for you and for your kids?
160
460417
3125
Šta to onda znači za vas i vašu decu?
07:56
Well, let's say that you want
to learn Spanish.
to learn Spanish.
161
464500
2643
Recimo da želite da naučite španski.
07:59
You could try changing your context
162
467167
1726
Mogli biste da promenite kontekst
08:00
and surrounding yourself
with other people who also want to learn,
with other people who also want to learn,
163
468917
3934
i da se okružite drugim ljudima
koji takođe žele da nauče,
koji takođe žele da nauče,
08:04
and even better if these are people
that you really like.
that you really like.
164
472875
3018
čak je bolje ako su to ljudi
koji vam se stvarno sviđaju.
koji vam se stvarno sviđaju.
08:07
That way you'll be more motivated
to use executive function.
to use executive function.
165
475917
3416
Tako ćete biti više motivisani
da koristite izvršnu funkciju.
da koristite izvršnu funkciju.
08:12
Or let's say that you want to help
your child do better on her math homework.
your child do better on her math homework.
166
480167
4267
Ili recimo da želite da pomognete
svom detetu sa domaćim iz matematike.
svom detetu sa domaćim iz matematike.
08:16
You could teach her strategies
to use executive function
to use executive function
167
484458
3143
Mogli biste da je naučite strategije
za korišćenje izvršne funkcije
za korišćenje izvršne funkcije
08:19
in that particular context,
168
487625
1934
u tom konkretnom kontekstu,
08:21
like putting her phone away
before she starts studying
before she starts studying
169
489583
3143
kao što je odlaganje telefona
pre nego što počne da uči
pre nego što počne da uči
08:24
or planning to reward herself
after studying for an hour.
after studying for an hour.
170
492750
3583
ili da isplanira da se nagradi
nakon sat vremena učenja.
nakon sat vremena učenja.
08:29
Now, I don't want to make it sound
like context is everything.
like context is everything.
171
497083
3268
Ne želim da zvučim
kao da je sve do konteksta.
kao da je sve do konteksta.
08:32
Executive function is really complex,
and it's shaped by numerous factors.
and it's shaped by numerous factors.
172
500375
4976
Izvršna funkcija je zaista složena,
i oblikuju je mnogi faktori.
i oblikuju je mnogi faktori.
08:37
But what I want you to remember
173
505375
1518
Ali želim da zapamtite da,
08:38
is if you want to improve
your executive function
your executive function
174
506917
2517
ako hoćete da poboljšate
svoju izvršnu funkciju
svoju izvršnu funkciju
08:41
in some aspect of your life,
175
509458
2351
u nekim sferama svog života,
08:43
don't look for quick fixes.
176
511833
2143
ne tražite brza rešenja.
08:46
Think about the context
177
514000
1268
Razmislite o kontekstu
08:47
and how you can make
your goals matter more to you,
your goals matter more to you,
178
515292
2934
i kako da učinite
da vam vaši ciljevi više znače
da vam vaši ciljevi više znače
08:50
and how you can use strategies
179
518250
1476
i kako možete da koristite strategije
08:51
to help yourself
in that particular situation.
in that particular situation.
180
519750
2375
da vam pomognu u konkretnoj situaciji.
08:55
I think the ancient Greeks said it best
when they said, "Know thyself."
when they said, "Know thyself."
181
523332
5394
Stari Grci su to najbolje rekli
izrekom: „Poznaj sebe.“
izrekom: „Poznaj sebe.“
09:00
And a key part of this is knowing
how context shapes your behavior
how context shapes your behavior
182
528750
4309
A najvažniji deo je znati kako kontekst
oblikuje vaše ponašanje
oblikuje vaše ponašanje
09:05
and how you can use that knowledge
to change for the better.
to change for the better.
183
533083
3810
i kako možete iskoristiti to znanje
da se menjate nabolje.
da se menjate nabolje.
09:08
Thank you.
184
536917
1267
Hvala vam.
09:10
(Applause)
185
538208
3125
(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sabine Doebel - Cognitive scientistSabine Doebel studies the developing mind to understand how experience shapes our thinking and executive control skills.
Why you should listen
Sabine Doebel conducts research with children in an effort to understand the nature of the mind, with much of her work focusing on how children develop the cognitive abilities that serve us so well as adults, like controlling impulses, thinking ahead, and staying on task.
Doebel is an incoming assistant professor in the Department of Psychology at George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, where she will direct the brand new Developing Minds Lab. She earned her PhD from the Institute of Child Development at the University of Minnesota and subsequently was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Colorado Boulder. Her research has been funded by the National Institutes of Health and published in Psychological Science, Cognition, Developmental Psychology and Child Development. A full list of her publications can be found here.
Doebel is also a passionate advocate of open science and has received funding from the National Science Foundation to help developmental scientists adopt transparency-enhancing practices that will allow them to build more easily on each other's work.
Sabine Doebel | Speaker | TED.com