TEDSummit
Rebecca MacKinnon: We can fight terror without sacrificing our rights
Rebecca MacKinnon: Tunaweza kupambana na ugaidi bila kutoa kafara haki zetu
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Tunaweza kupambana na ugaidi bila kuharibu demokrasia? Mwanaharakati wa Uhuru wa mtandao wa intaneti Rebecca MacKinnon anafikiri kwamba tutashindwa kwenye vita hii dhidi ya siasa kali na siasa za fujo ikiwa tutadhibiti mtandao wa intaneti na vyombo vya habari. Katika mazungumzo haya muhimu ametoa wito wa kusimama kidete kuhusu taarifa zilizodhibitiwa usiri na kuzitaka serikali kutumia njia bora kulinda, na sio kunyamazisha, waandishi wa habari na wanaharakati wanaopambana dhidi ya wenye siasa kali.
Rebecca MacKinnon - Internet freedom activist
Rebecca MacKinnon looks at issues of free expression, governance and democracy (or lack of) in the digital networks, platforms and services on which we are all more and more dependent. Full bio
Rebecca MacKinnon looks at issues of free expression, governance and democracy (or lack of) in the digital networks, platforms and services on which we are all more and more dependent. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
There's a big question
at the center of life
at the center of life
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Kuna swali kubwa katikati ya maisha yetu
00:15
in our democracies today:
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katika demokrasia yetu leo:
00:16
How do we fight terror
without destroying democracies,
without destroying democracies,
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Tunapambanaje na ugaidi bila kuharibu
demokrasia,
demokrasia,
00:20
without trampling human rights?
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bila kukanyaga haki za binadamu?
00:23
I've spent much of my career
working with journalists,
working with journalists,
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Nimetumia muda mwingi wa kazi yangu
kufanyakazi na waandishi wa habari,
kufanyakazi na waandishi wa habari,
00:28
with bloggers,
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na waandishi wa blogu,
00:29
with activists,
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na wanaharakati,
00:30
with human rights researchers
all around the world,
all around the world,
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na watafiti wa haki za binadamu
duniani kote.
duniani kote.
00:33
and I've come to the conclusion
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na nimefikia hitimisho
00:35
that if our democratic societies
do not double down
do not double down
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kwamba ikiwa jamii zetu za kidemokrasia
hazita simama kidete
hazita simama kidete
00:40
on protecting and defending human rights,
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katika kulinda na kutetea haki
za binadamu,
za binadamu,
00:43
freedom of the press
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uhuru wa vyombo vya habari
00:44
and a free and open internet,
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na mtandao wa intaneti huru na wazi;
00:47
radical extremist ideologies
are much more likely to persist.
are much more likely to persist.
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itikadi zenye siasa kali
zinaweza kuendelea kuwepo
zinaweza kuendelea kuwepo
00:54
(Applause)
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(Makofi)
00:57
OK, all done. Thank you very much.
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OK, nimemaliza. Asanteni sana.
00:58
No, just joking.
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Hapana, natania.
00:59
(Laughter)
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(Kicheko)
01:01
I actually want to drill down
on this a little bit.
on this a little bit.
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Ninataka kuendelea kuchambua
kwenye hili suala kidogo.
kwenye hili suala kidogo.
01:04
So, one of the countries that has been
on the frontlines of this issue
on the frontlines of this issue
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Kwahiyo, nchi mojawapo ambayo
imekuwa mstari wa mbele kwa suala hili
imekuwa mstari wa mbele kwa suala hili
01:10
is Tunisia,
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ni Tunisia,
01:12
which was the only country
to come out of the Arab Spring
to come out of the Arab Spring
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ambayo ni nchi pekee iliyotoka
kwenye nchi za mapinduzi ya Uarabuni
kwenye nchi za mapinduzi ya Uarabuni
01:15
with a successful democratic revolution.
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kwa mafanikio ya mapinduzi kidemokrasia.
01:18
Five years later,
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Miaka mitano baadaye,
01:20
they're struggling
with serious terror attacks
with serious terror attacks
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wanapambana na
mashambulio makubwa ya kigaidi
mashambulio makubwa ya kigaidi
01:23
and rampant ISIS recruitment.
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na kuenea kwa wanaojiunga na ISIS.
01:25
And many Tunisians
are calling on their government
are calling on their government
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Na raia wengi wa Tunisia
wanaitaka serikali yao
wanaitaka serikali yao
01:28
to do whatever it takes to keep them safe.
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kufanya chochote inachoweza wawe salama.
01:32
Tunisian cartoonist Nadia Khiari
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Mchora katuni wa Tunisia Nadia Khiari
01:35
has summed up the situation
with this character who says,
with this character who says,
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amejumuisha hali iliyopo
kutumia mhusika anayesema,
kutumia mhusika anayesema,
01:40
"I don't give a damn about human rights.
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"Sijali chochote kuhusu haki za binadamu.
01:42
I don't give a damn about the revolution.
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Sijali chochote kuhusu mapinduzi.
01:45
I don't give a damn
about democracy and liberty.
about democracy and liberty.
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Sijali chochote kuhusu
demokrasia na uhuru
demokrasia na uhuru
01:49
I just want to be safe."
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Ninachotaka ni kuwa salama."
01:53
"Satisfied?" asked his jailer.
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"Umeridhika?" aliuliza aliyemfunga
01:56
"You're safe now."
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"Uko salama sasa."
01:58
If the Tunisian people can figure out
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Ikiwa watu wa Tunisia wanaweza kugundua
02:01
how to deal with their terrorism problem
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jinsi ya kushughulikia
tatizo lao la ugaidi
tatizo lao la ugaidi
02:03
without ending up in this place,
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bila kuishia sehemu hii,
02:06
they will be a model
not only for their region,
not only for their region,
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watakuwa mfano wa kuigwa
si kwa eneo lao tu
si kwa eneo lao tu
02:09
but for all of us.
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bali kwetu sote.
02:12
The reality is that civil society,
journalists and activists
journalists and activists
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Ukweli ni kwamba jamii za kiraia,
waandishi wa habari na wanaharakati
waandishi wa habari na wanaharakati
02:16
are coming under attack
from extremist groups on the one hand,
from extremist groups on the one hand,
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wanashambuliwa zaidi na makundi
yenye siasa kali kwa upande mmoja,
yenye siasa kali kwa upande mmoja,
02:21
and, in many countries,
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na katika nchi nyingi,
02:23
also from their own governments.
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pia kutoka kwenye serikali zao wenyewe.
02:25
We're seeing bloggers
and journalists being jailed,
and journalists being jailed,
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Tunaona waandishi wa blogu
na waandishi wa habari wakifungwa,
na waandishi wa habari wakifungwa,
02:28
charged and intimidated
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wakishtakiwa na kutishwa
02:30
by their own governments,
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na serikali zao wenyewe,
02:31
many of which are allies
with the West in the war on terror.
with the West in the war on terror.
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wengi ambao wanashirikiana na nchi
za Magharibi katika vita vya ugaidi
za Magharibi katika vita vya ugaidi
02:35
Just three examples.
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Nitatoa mifano mitatu.
02:37
A friend and former colleague of mine,
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Rafiki yangu na mshirika wangu zamani,
02:39
Hisham Almiraat,
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Hisham Almiraat,
02:40
has been charged
with threatening state security,
with threatening state security,
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ameshtakiwa kwa kutishia
usalama wa taifa,
usalama wa taifa,
02:43
along with six other activists in Morocco.
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pamoja na wanaharakati wengine sita
nchini Morocco.
nchini Morocco.
02:47
The Saudi blogger Raif Badawi
has been jailed and flogged
has been jailed and flogged
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Mwanablogu wa Saudi Raif Badawi
amefungwa na kuchapwa viboko
amefungwa na kuchapwa viboko
02:51
for insulting Islam and criticizing
the Saudi regime on his blog.
the Saudi regime on his blog.
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kwa kuutusi Uislamu na kukosoa
utawala wa Saudi kwenye blogu yake.
utawala wa Saudi kwenye blogu yake.
02:57
More recently, the Turkish representative
for Reporters Without Borders,
for Reporters Without Borders,
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Hivi karibuni ,mwakilishi wa Uturuki
kwa Waandishi wa habari Wasio na Mipaka,
kwa Waandishi wa habari Wasio na Mipaka,
03:02
Erol Önderoglu,
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Erol Onderoglu,
03:04
has been detained and charged
with spreading terrorist propaganda,
with spreading terrorist propaganda,
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amewekwa kizuizini na kushtakiwa
kwa kueneza propaganda za kigaidi,
kwa kueneza propaganda za kigaidi,
03:09
because he and some other activists
have been supporting Kurdish media.
have been supporting Kurdish media.
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kwakuwa yeye na wanaharakati wengine
wanaunga mkono vyombo vya habari Kurdi.
wanaunga mkono vyombo vya habari Kurdi.
03:15
Anti-terror measures
quickly turn into state repression
quickly turn into state repression
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Hatua za kupinga ugaidi haraka
zinageuka kandamizi kwa taifa
zinageuka kandamizi kwa taifa
03:18
without strong protection
for minority communities
for minority communities
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bila ulinzi madhubuti
kwa jamii ya walio wachache
kwa jamii ya walio wachache
03:22
and for peaceful debate;
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na kwa mdahalo wa amani;
03:24
this needs to be supported
by a robust, independent local media.
by a robust, independent local media.
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hii inahitaji kuungwa mkono na
chombo huru cha habari
chombo huru cha habari
03:29
But while that's not really happening,
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Lakini kwa kuwa hiyo haitokei,
03:32
Washington is teaming up
with Silicon Valley and with Hollywood
with Silicon Valley and with Hollywood
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Washington inaungana na Silicon Valley
pamoja na Hollywood
pamoja na Hollywood
03:36
to pour millions -- hundreds
of millions of dollars --
of millions of dollars --
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kuweka mamilioni-- mamia
ya mamilioni ya dola
ya mamilioni ya dola
03:41
into what's called "counter-messaging,"
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katika kinachoitwa "kupinga - ujumbe"
03:43
a fancy word for propaganda.
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neno la kistaarabu kwa propaganda.
03:46
To counter the terrorist propaganda
spreading all over the internet,
spreading all over the internet,
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Kupinga kwa propaganda za kigaidi
kuenea kwenye mitandao yote ya intaneti
kuenea kwenye mitandao yote ya intaneti
03:52
in Europe, Internet Referral
Units are being set up,
Units are being set up,
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barani Ulaya, Vitengo vya rufaa ya
intaneti vinaanzishwa,
intaneti vinaanzishwa,
03:56
so that people can report
on extremist content that they find
on extremist content that they find
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ili kwamba watu waweze kutoa taarifa
kuhusu habari za siasa kali watakazoona
kuhusu habari za siasa kali watakazoona
04:00
and get it censored.
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na kufanya zidhibitiwe
04:02
The problem is,
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Tatizo ni,
04:03
that all of this propaganda,
monitoring and censorship
monitoring and censorship
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kwamba propaganda zote hizi
ufuatiliaji na udhibiti
ufuatiliaji na udhibiti
04:08
completely fails to make up for the fact
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umeshindwa kabisa kuona kwamba
04:13
that the people who are
the most credible voices,
the most credible voices,
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wale watu ambao wana sauti
zinazoaminika,
zinazoaminika,
04:18
who can present credible ideas
and alternative solutions
and alternative solutions
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wanaoweza kuwakilisha mawazo
yanayoaminika na njia mbadala
yanayoaminika na njia mbadala
04:22
to real economic, social and political
problems in their community
problems in their community
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kwa matatizo ya kweli kiuchumi
kijamii na kisiasa kwenye jumuiya zao
kijamii na kisiasa kwenye jumuiya zao
04:26
that are causing people to turn
to extremism in the first place,
to extremism in the first place,
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ambao wanaosababisha watu wageukie
kwenye siasa kali mwanzoni
kwenye siasa kali mwanzoni
04:30
are being silenced
by their own governments.
by their own governments.
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wananyamazishwa na
serikali zao wenyewe.
serikali zao wenyewe.
04:34
This is all adding up to a decrease
in freedom across the world.
in freedom across the world.
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Hii inaongezea kushuka
kwa uhuru pande zote duniani.
kwa uhuru pande zote duniani.
04:39
Freedom House,
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Nyumba ya Uhuru
04:41
the human rights organization,
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shirika la haki za binadamu,
04:43
reports that 2015 marks
the 10th straight year in a row
the 10th straight year in a row
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limetoa tarrifa kwamba mwaka 2015
ni kilele cha mwaka wa 10 mfululizo
ni kilele cha mwaka wa 10 mfululizo
04:47
of decline in freedom worldwide.
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wa kushuka kwa uhuru duniani.
04:50
And this is not just
because of the actions
because of the actions
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Na hii sio tu kwasababu
ya matendo
ya matendo
04:52
of authoritarian governments.
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ya serikali za kimabavu.
04:54
It's also because democratic governments
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Ni kwasababu pia serikali za kidemokrasia
04:57
are increasingly cracking
down on dissenters,
down on dissenters,
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zinazongeza kuwasaka wapinzani,
05:01
whistle-blowers
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watoa taarifa
05:03
and investigative journalists.
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na waandishi wa habari za uchunguzi.
05:04
UN Secretary General
Ban Ki-Moon has warned
Ban Ki-Moon has warned
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Katibu Mkuu wa Umoja wa Mataifa
Ban Ki- Moon alionya
Ban Ki- Moon alionya
05:07
that "preventing extremism and promoting
human rights go hand-in-hand."
human rights go hand-in-hand."
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kwamba "kuzuia siasa kali na kukuza
haki za binadamu vinaenda sambamba."
haki za binadamu vinaenda sambamba."
05:11
It's not to say that governments
shouldn't keep us safe --
shouldn't keep us safe --
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Sio kusema kwamba serikali
zisituweke salama--
zisituweke salama--
05:14
of course they should --
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inabidi wafanye hivyo--
05:15
but we need public oversight, transparency
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ila tunahitaji ungalizi wa uwazi kwa umma
05:18
and accountability to the rule of law.
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na uwajibikaji kwenye utawala wa sheria.
05:20
Meanwhile,
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Wakati huo huo,
05:21
extremists are literally killing off
civil society in some countries.
civil society in some countries.
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wenye siasa kali huwa wanaua
jamii ya raia katika baadhi ya nchi.
jamii ya raia katika baadhi ya nchi.
05:26
Since 2013 in Bangladesh,
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Tangu mwaka 2013 nchini Bangladesh,
05:28
over a dozen secular bloggers
and community activists
and community activists
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zaidi ya mabloga kwa idadi kubwa
na wanaharakati wa jamii
na wanaharakati wa jamii
05:33
have been literally
slaughtered by extremists
slaughtered by extremists
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wamechinjwa kabisa na
wafuasi wa siasa kali
wafuasi wa siasa kali
05:36
while the government has done very little.
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huku serikali ikichukua hatua kidogo sana.
05:39
From the city of Raqqa in Syria,
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Kutoka mji wa Raqqa Syria,
05:41
people like Ruqia Hassan and Naji Jerf
have been assassinated
have been assassinated
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watu kama Ruqia Hassan na Naji Jerf
wameuwawa
wameuwawa
05:46
for their reporting
out of ISIS-controlled territory.
out of ISIS-controlled territory.
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kwa kutoa kwao taarifa
nje ya himaya zinazodhibitiwa na ISIS.
nje ya himaya zinazodhibitiwa na ISIS.
05:50
The citizen media group called
Raqqa is Being Slaughtered Silently
Raqqa is Being Slaughtered Silently
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Kundi la wanahabari wanaoitwa
Raqqa Inauwawa Kimya Kimya
Raqqa Inauwawa Kimya Kimya
05:55
relies on strong encryption
to send out their reports
to send out their reports
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linategemea taarifa zilizodhibitiwa
usiri kutuma ripoti zao
usiri kutuma ripoti zao
06:00
and shield themselves
from interception and surveillance.
from interception and surveillance.
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na kujikinga wenyewe mbali na
vizuizi na kupelelezwa.
vizuizi na kupelelezwa.
06:04
Yet authorities in countries
like the United States,
like the United States,
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Bado mamlaka katika nchi
kama Marekani,
kama Marekani,
06:06
the United Kingdom
and many other democracies
and many other democracies
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Uingereza
na nyingine nyingi za demokrasia
na nyingine nyingi za demokrasia
06:09
are seeking to use the law
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zinatafuta kutumia sheria
06:11
to either weaken or outright ban
strong encryption,
strong encryption,
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ya aidha kudhoofisha au kuzuia kabisa
udhibiti mkubwa wa usiri kwenye taarifa
udhibiti mkubwa wa usiri kwenye taarifa
06:15
because the bad guys are using it, too.
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kwasababu watu wabaya wanautumia pia
06:18
We have got to fight for the right
of citizens to use strong encryption.
of citizens to use strong encryption.
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Tunatakiwa tupiganie haki ya wananchi
kutumia udhibiti mkubwa wa usiri.
kutumia udhibiti mkubwa wa usiri.
06:22
Otherwise, dissent
and investigative journalism
and investigative journalism
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ama sivyo, upinzani na
uandishi wa habari za uchunguzi
uandishi wa habari za uchunguzi
06:26
are going to become even more difficult
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utapelekea kuwa na ugumu zaidi
06:28
in even more places.
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katika sehemu nyingi zaidi.
06:30
And the bad guys -- the criminals
and terrorists --
and terrorists --
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na watu wabaya--wahalifu
na magaidi--
na magaidi--
06:33
are still going to find
ways to communicate.
ways to communicate.
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bado wataendelea kutafuta
njia za kuwasiliana
njia za kuwasiliana
06:35
Kudos to the companies
that are standing up
that are standing up
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Pongezi kwa makampuni
ambayo yanasimamia
ambayo yanasimamia
06:38
for their users' right to use encryption.
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haki ya watumiaji wake kutumia usiri
06:41
But when it comes to censorship,
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Lakini inapokuja kwenye udhibiti,
06:43
the picture is much more troubling.
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haileti picha nzuri.
06:46
Yes, there's a real problem
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Ndio, kunatatizo kubwa
06:48
of extremist content
spreading all over the internet.
spreading all over the internet.
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la taarifa za siasa kali kuenea
kote kwenye mitandao ya intaneti
kote kwenye mitandao ya intaneti
06:51
And Facebook, YouTube and Twitter
are among the many companies
are among the many companies
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Na Facebook, YouTube na Twitter
ni kati ya makampuni mengi
ni kati ya makampuni mengi
06:55
who report having taken down hundreds
of thousands of pieces of content
of thousands of pieces of content
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ambayo wameripoti kushusha mamia
ya maelfu ya vipande vya taarifa
ya maelfu ya vipande vya taarifa
06:59
and deactivating accounts
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na kuzima akaunti
07:01
that are connected
to the extremist's speech.
to the extremist's speech.
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ambazo zinahusianishwa
na maneno ya siasa kali
na maneno ya siasa kali
07:03
The problem is their enforcement
mechanisms are a complete black box,
mechanisms are a complete black box,
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Tatizo ni utaratibu wao wa
kutekeleza sheria haueleweki kabisa
kutekeleza sheria haueleweki kabisa
07:08
and there is collateral damage.
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na kuna uharibifu mkubwa.
07:10
Take, for example, Iyad el-Baghdadi,
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Kwa mfano, lyad el- Baghdadi,
07:13
an activist who makes fun
of ISIS on Twitter.
of ISIS on Twitter.
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mwanaharakati anayekejeli
ISIS kupitia Twitter.
ISIS kupitia Twitter.
07:16
He had his account deactivated,
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akaunti yake ilizimwa,
07:18
because he shares a surname
with a prominent ISIS leader.
with a prominent ISIS leader.
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kwasababu jina la ubini wake
linafanana na kiongozi mkubwa wa ISIS.
linafanana na kiongozi mkubwa wa ISIS.
07:22
Last December,
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Disemba iliyopita,
07:23
a number of women named Isis,
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wanawake wenye majina ya Isis,
07:25
which also happens to be
the name of an Egyptian goddess,
the name of an Egyptian goddess,
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ambalo pia ni jina la Mungu wa kike
Misri
Misri
07:28
had their accounts deactivated.
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akaunti zao zilizimwa
07:30
And this woman,
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Na huyu mwanamke,
07:32
who lives in the United States
and is a computer programmer,
and is a computer programmer,
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anayeishi nchini Marekani
na ni Programa wa Kompyuta
na ni Programa wa Kompyuta
07:35
reported on Twitter
about her deactivation on Facebook,
about her deactivation on Facebook,
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aliripoti juu mtandao wa Twitter
kuhusu kuzimiwa kwenye Facebook
kuhusu kuzimiwa kwenye Facebook
07:39
managed to get enough media attention
to have her account reinstated.
to have her account reinstated.
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aliweza kuonwa na vyombo vya habari
na kufanya wamrudishie akaunti yake.
na kufanya wamrudishie akaunti yake.
07:42
But that's the thing --
she had to get media attention.
she had to get media attention.
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Ila hicho ndio alichofanya--
kuonwa na vyombo vya habari
kuonwa na vyombo vya habari
07:46
And journalists aren't immune.
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Na waandishi wa habari hawaponi
07:47
David Thomson,
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David Thomson,
07:48
an expert on terrorism and reporter
for Radio France International,
for Radio France International,
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mtaalamu wa ugaidi na mtangazaji
wa Radio ya Kimataifa ya Ufaransa,
wa Radio ya Kimataifa ya Ufaransa,
07:52
had reports deleted
from his Facebook account
from his Facebook account
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ripoti zake zilifutwa kwenye
akaunti yake Facebook
akaunti yake Facebook
07:55
and had his account
deactivated for several days,
deactivated for several days,
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na akaunti yake ikazimwa
kwa siku chache,
kwa siku chache,
07:58
because they contained
pictures of ISIS flags,
pictures of ISIS flags,
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kwasababu zilikuwa na picha
zenye bendera za ISIS,
zenye bendera za ISIS,
08:02
even though he was just reporting on ISIS,
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ingawa alikuwa anaripoti kuhusu ISIS
08:04
not promoting it.
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sio kuhamasisha.
08:06
And then we have stories from people
like this Egyptian man,
like this Egyptian man,
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Na pia tuna hadithi kutoka kwa watu
kama mtu wa Misri,
kama mtu wa Misri,
08:09
Ahmed Abdellahy,
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Ahmed Abdellahy,
08:10
who reported recently in an event
in Washington DC
in Washington DC
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aliyeripoti hivi karibuni tukio
la Washington DC
la Washington DC
08:16
that some of his arguments
with extremists --
with extremists --
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kuwa majadiliano yake
na wenye siasa kali--
na wenye siasa kali--
08:18
he now spends his time on social media
arguing with ISIS followers,
arguing with ISIS followers,
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hutumia muda wake kwenye mitandao ya jamii
kujadiliana na wafuasi wa ISIS
kujadiliana na wafuasi wa ISIS
08:24
trying to get them to turn away --
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kujaribu kuwabadili mawazo--
08:27
some of his arguments
with these extremists get deleted,
with these extremists get deleted,
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baadhi ya majadiliano yake
na wenye siasa kali hufutwa,
na wenye siasa kali hufutwa,
08:32
which he believes has the effect
of shielding them
of shielding them
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ambapo anaamini kuna athari
katika kuyakinga
katika kuyakinga
08:35
from alternative points of view.
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kutoka kwenye mtazamo mwingine.
08:38
It's unclear whether Facebook
even knows the extent
even knows the extent
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Haiko wazi ikiwa mtandao wa Facebook
kama unaelewa kiasi
kama unaelewa kiasi
08:42
of the collateral damage,
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cha uharibifu mkubwa,
08:44
or the other companies as well.
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au makampuni mengine pia.
08:46
But we do know that journalism,
activism and public debate
activism and public debate
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Lakini tunajua kwamba uandishi wa habari
uanaharakati na mijadala ya umma
uanaharakati na mijadala ya umma
08:50
are being silenced in the effort
to stamp out extremist speech.
to stamp out extremist speech.
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inanyamazishwa katika juhudi za
kuweka muhuri maneno ya siasa kali.
kuweka muhuri maneno ya siasa kali.
08:55
So with these companies having so much
power over the public discourse,
power over the public discourse,
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Hivyo kwa makampuni haya kuwa na nguvu
sana kuhusu mihadhara ya umma,
sana kuhusu mihadhara ya umma,
08:59
they need to be held accountable.
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yanahitaji kuwajibishwa.
09:01
They need to carry out impact assessment
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Yanahitaji kufanya tathmini yakinifu
09:04
to identify and fix the problems
that we're clearly seeing.
that we're clearly seeing.
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na kuainisha na kutatua matatizo
ambayo tunayaona wazi.
ambayo tunayaona wazi.
09:08
They need to be more transparent
about their enforcement mechanisms,
about their enforcement mechanisms,
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Yanahitaji kuwa wazi zaidi
kuhusu njia zao za utekelezaji sheria,
kuhusu njia zao za utekelezaji sheria,
09:12
and they need to have clear
appeal and grievance mechanisms,
appeal and grievance mechanisms,
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na wanahitaji kuwa wazi kwa mbinu
za ukataji rufaa na kutoa malalamiko,
za ukataji rufaa na kutoa malalamiko,
09:15
so people can get
their content reinstated.
their content reinstated.
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ili watu waweze kurudishiwa
vitu walivyoandika.
vitu walivyoandika.
09:18
Now, I've been talking
for the last 10 minutes
for the last 10 minutes
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Sasa, nimekuwa nikiongea kwa
dakika kumi zilizopita
dakika kumi zilizopita
09:21
about how governments and companies
are making it more difficult
are making it more difficult
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kuhusu jinsi serikali na makampuni
wanavyoleta ugumu zaidi
wanavyoleta ugumu zaidi
09:25
for people like these.
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kwa watu kama hawa.
09:27
This is a picture of members
of the citizen media network,
of the citizen media network,
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Hii ni picha ya wanachama wa
mtandao wa vyombo vya habari vya raia,
mtandao wa vyombo vya habari vya raia,
09:30
Global Voices,
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Sauti za Dunia,
09:32
that I helped to cofound over 10 years ago
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niliyosaidia kuanzisha miaka 10
iliyopita
iliyopita
09:34
with my friend, Ethan Zuckerman.
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na rafiki yangu Ethan Zuckerman.
09:36
Interestingly, about 5 years ago,
right after the Arab Spring,
right after the Arab Spring,
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Inafurahisha, karibia miaka 5 iliyopita
mara baada ya Mapinduzi ya Uarabuni,
mara baada ya Mapinduzi ya Uarabuni,
09:40
the data scientist Gilad Lotan
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mwanasayansi wa data Gilad Lotan
09:43
created a network map
of the people in Global Voices
of the people in Global Voices
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aliunda ramani ya mtandao
wa watu katika Sauti za Dunia
wa watu katika Sauti za Dunia
09:48
who were heavy users of Twitter
during the Arab Spring.
during the Arab Spring.
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waliokuwa wakitumia Twitter wakati
wa Mapinduzi ya Uarabuni.
wa Mapinduzi ya Uarabuni.
09:51
And he found that many of these people
served as key information nodes
served as key information nodes
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Na aligundua kwamba wengi wa hawa watu
walitumika kama kiungo cha mawasiliano
walitumika kama kiungo cha mawasiliano
09:56
between activists and journalists
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kati ya wanaharakati na waandishi
09:58
throughout the Tunisian
and Egyptian revolution.
and Egyptian revolution.
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kipindi chote cha mapinduzi
ya Tunisia na Misri.
ya Tunisia na Misri.
10:01
We've got to make sure
that these people not only survive,
that these people not only survive,
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Tunatakiwa tuhakikishe kwamba
watu hawa hawaendelei kuishi tu,
watu hawa hawaendelei kuishi tu,
10:06
but are able to continue to thrive.
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bali wanaweza kuendelea kufanikiwa.
10:09
Many of them are still active,
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Wengi wao bado wanafanya kazi,
10:10
other than the ones who have gone to jail
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zaidi ya wale waliokwenda jela
10:12
or have been driven into hiding or exile.
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au wako mafichoni au vizuizini.
10:16
All around the world,
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Duniani kote,
10:18
people who are sick and tired
of fear and oppression
of fear and oppression
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watu ambao wamechoshwa na
hofu na kuonewa
hofu na kuonewa
10:21
are linking up in their communities
and across borders.
and across borders.
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wanaunganika katika jumuia zao
na kuvuka mipaka.
na kuvuka mipaka.
10:25
We've got to do everything we can
to push our governments and companies
to push our governments and companies
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Tunatakiwa tufanye kila tunachoweza
kusukuma serikali zetu na makampuni
kusukuma serikali zetu na makampuni
10:29
to do a better job
of protecting their rights.
of protecting their rights.
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kufanya kazi bora zaidi
katika kulinda haki zao.
katika kulinda haki zao.
10:32
We've also got to be more mindful
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Tunatakiwa pia tuwe wafikirivu zaidi
10:34
about how our own personal, political,
consumer and business choices
consumer and business choices
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kuhusu jinsi sisi wenyewe, kisiasa, wateja
na chaguzi za biashara
na chaguzi za biashara
10:39
affect people like these around the world.
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zinavyoathiri watu kama hawa duniani kote.
10:43
Also, if you follow the news,
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Pia, ikiwa unafuatilia taarifa za habari
10:45
it's pretty clear that that alone
isn't going to be enough.
isn't going to be enough.
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inaonyesha wazi kwamba
hiyo pekee haitoshi.
hiyo pekee haitoshi.
10:49
We've got to take personal
responsibility by joining --
responsibility by joining --
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Tunatakiwa tuchukue wajibu binafsi
kwa kujiunga--
kwa kujiunga--
10:53
or at very least, actively supporting --
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au hata kidogo kuunga mkono--
10:56
the growing ecosystem
of individuals and groups
of individuals and groups
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mazingira ya ukuaji
wa makundi binafsi
wa makundi binafsi
11:00
who are fighting for social justice,
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ambayo yanapigania hakijamii,
11:02
environmental sustainability,
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mazingira endelevu,
11:04
government accountability,
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uwajibikaji wa serikali
11:06
human rights, freedom of the press
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haki za binadamu, uhuru wa habari
11:08
and a free and open internet,
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na intaneti huru na wazi,
11:09
all around the world.
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duniani kote
11:11
I believe that, ultimately,
we can overcome
we can overcome
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Nina amini kwamba, hatimaye
tunaweza kuishinda
tunaweza kuishinda
11:16
the digitally empowered networks
of extremism, demagoguery and hate.
of extremism, demagoguery and hate.
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mitandao ya kidigitali iliyowezeshwa
ya siasa kali, siasa za fujo na chuki.
ya siasa kali, siasa za fujo na chuki.
11:23
But ...
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Lakini...
11:25
we've got to do this by really
beefing up the global networks
beefing up the global networks
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tunatakiwa tufanye hivi kwa kuongeza
mitandao ya dunia
mitandao ya dunia
11:31
of citizens around the world,
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ya raia duniani kote,
11:33
powered by people
who are working hard every day,
who are working hard every day,
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ikiwezeshwa na watu ambao
hufanya kazi kwa bidii kila siku,
hufanya kazi kwa bidii kila siku,
11:37
and taking personal risk
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na kuchukua hatua hatarishi
11:39
for a future world that is more
peaceful, just, open and free.
peaceful, just, open and free.
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kwa dunia ya kesho ambayo ni
ya amani zaidi, yenye haki, wazi na huru.
ya amani zaidi, yenye haki, wazi na huru.
11:45
Thanks very much for listening.
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Asanteni sana kwa kusikiliza.
11:47
(Applause)
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(Makofi)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rebecca MacKinnon - Internet freedom activistRebecca MacKinnon looks at issues of free expression, governance and democracy (or lack of) in the digital networks, platforms and services on which we are all more and more dependent.
Why you should listen
Rebecca MacKinnon is the director of the Ranking Digital Rights project at New America, which recently released its inaugural Corporate Accountability Index, ranking 16 Internet and telecommunications companies on their commitments, policies and practices affecting users’ freedom of expression and privacy. (An expanded Index will be released in 2017.) She is the author of Consent of the Networked, a book investigating the future of liberty in the Internet age, and has been engaging in the debate about how to fight global terrorism while keeping a free and open Internet. A former head of CNN's Beijing and Tokyo bureaus, MacKinnon is an expert on Chinese Internet censorship and is one of the founders (with Ethan Zuckerman) of the Global Voices Online blog network.
Rebecca MacKinnon | Speaker | TED.com