TEDWomen 2017
Priya Vulchi and Winona Guo: What it takes to be racially literate
普里亚·弗里奇和薇诺娜·郭: 如何成为一名种族学者
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在过去的一年里，普里亚·弗里奇（ Priya Vulchi ）和薇诺娜·郭（ Winona Guo）走遍了全美的50个州收集人们关于民族（主义）和交叉性的私人经历。现如今，她们正要完成一件任务：让所有的美国人具备一些理解（种族主义）的手段，应对 复杂困难情况的能力从而可以改善被种族划分结构化的世界。在访谈的过程中，弗里奇（Vulchi）和郭（ Guo）将她们所收集私人故事与研究和统计数字相匹配，从而揭露出两个在我们的种族文学上的基础漏洞——并且告知我们如何弥补它们。
Priya Vulchi - Social entrepreneur, student activist
Priya Vulchi is traveling to all US states with her friend Winona Guo, learning and listening to stories about race. Full bioWinona Guo - Social entrepreneur, student activist
Winona Guo is spending her gap year traveling to all US states with her friend Priya Vulchi, learning and listening to stories about race and trying to find innovative ways to tackle inequity. Full bio
Priya Vulchi is traveling to all US states with her friend Winona Guo, learning and listening to stories about race. Full bioWinona Guo - Social entrepreneur, student activist
Winona Guo is spending her gap year traveling to all US states with her friend Priya Vulchi, learning and listening to stories about race and trying to find innovative ways to tackle inequity. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
普里亚·弗里奇 ：四年前，
我们真的认为我们懂得种族主义。
我们真的认为我们懂得种族主义。
00:12
Priya Vulchi: Four years ago,
we really thought we understood racism.
we really thought we understood racism.
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00:16
Just like many of you here today,
we had experienced and heard stories
we had experienced and heard stories
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就像今天很多在座的你们那样，
我们曾经经历过并且听说过一些
我们曾经经历过并且听说过一些
00:20
about race, about prejudice,
discrimination and stereotyping
discrimination and stereotyping
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关于民族，关于偏见，歧视和成见的故事
00:24
and we were like, "We get it,
racism, we got it, we got it."
racism, we got it, we got it."
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然后我们就像这样，“我们懂了，
种族歧视，我们懂了，我们懂了。”
种族歧视，我们懂了，我们懂了。”
00:28
But we weren't even close.
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然而我们甚至都没有
踏进理解的范畴一步。
踏进理解的范畴一步。
00:32
Winona Guo: So we decided
that we had to listen and learn more.
that we had to listen and learn more.
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薇诺娜·郭（Winona Guo）：因此我们决定
我们必须更多地去倾听和了解。
我们必须更多地去倾听和了解。
00:35
We talked to as many
random people as we could
random people as we could
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我们尽可能随机的去和别人聊天
00:37
and collected hundreds
of personal stories about race,
of personal stories about race,
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然后收集了成百上千份的
关于种族（偏见）的私人经历，
关于种族（偏见）的私人经历，
00:40
stories that revealed how racial injustice
is a nationwide epidemic
is a nationwide epidemic
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这些经历揭示了种族间
的不公平待遇如何成为一种
的不公平待遇如何成为一种
00:45
that we ourselves spread
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我们所传播的国际流行病
00:47
and now can't seem
to recognize or get rid of.
to recognize or get rid of.
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并且现在似乎无法
被识别出或者攻克掉。
被识别出或者攻克掉。
00:50
PV: We're not there yet.
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：我们
现在都没有到达理解的地步。
现在都没有到达理解的地步。
00:51
Today, we are here to raise
our standards of racial literacy,
our standards of racial literacy,
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今天，我们在这里提高
我们种族文化的基准
我们种族文化的基准
00:56
to redefine what it means
to be racially literate.
to be racially literate.
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以便重新定义作为一名
种族学者意味着什么。
种族学者意味着什么。
01:00
WG: We want everywhere
across the United States
across the United States
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）:我们
想要美国任何一个地方的
想要美国任何一个地方的
01:03
for our youngest and future generations
to grow up equipped
to grow up equipped
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年轻人和他们的后代
可以在成长的过程中具备
可以在成长的过程中具备
01:06
with the tools to understand,
navigate and improve
navigate and improve
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一些理解（种族主义）的手段，应对
复杂困难情况的能力从而可以改善
复杂困难情况的能力从而可以改善
01:09
a world structured by racial division.
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这个已经被种族划分结构化的世界。
01:12
We want us all to imagine
the community as a place
the community as a place
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我们希望大家都想象这样一个群体：
01:15
where we not only feel proud
of our own backgrounds,
of our own backgrounds,
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在那里我们不但对自己
的人生背景感到自豪，
的人生背景感到自豪，
01:18
but can also invest in others'
experiences as if they were our own.
experiences as if they were our own.
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而且我们肯在理解其他群体人的经历上
花时间就好像那些人是我们自己人一样。
花时间就好像那些人是我们自己人一样。
01:23
PV: We just graduated
from high school this past June.
from high school this past June.
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）:我们
六月份刚从高中毕业。
六月份刚从高中毕业。
01:27
WG: And you'd think --
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）:然后你们会想——
01:28
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
01:31
And you'd think after 12 years
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然后你们会想经过12年
01:34
somebody in or out of the classroom
would have helped us understand --
would have helped us understand --
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进进出出教室的某些人之后
会帮助我们理解程度——
会帮助我们理解程度——
01:37
PV: At a basic level at least --
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：至少
到达一个基础级别——
到达一个基础级别——
01:39
WG: The society we live in.
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）:来了解
我们正处于的社会团体。
我们正处于的社会团体。
01:41
PV: The truth for almost
all our classmates is that they don't.
all our classmates is that they don't.
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：事实上，我们
几乎所有同学并没有达到（基础级别）。
几乎所有同学并没有达到（基础级别）。
01:45
WG: In communities around our country,
so many of which are racially divided,
so many of which are racially divided,
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：我们国家的群体，
大多数都是经过种族划分的，
大多数都是经过种族划分的，
01:50
PV: If you don't go searching
for an education about race,
for an education about race,
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：如果
你没有在关于民族的教育，
你没有在关于民族的教育，
01:53
for racial literacy --
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关于种族文化上做研究——
01:54
WG: You won't get it.
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：你永远不会理解它。
01:56
It won't just come to you.
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它不会就这样走向你。
01:57
PV: Even when we did
have conversations about race,
have conversations about race,
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：即使我们曾经
在民族方面展开的许多次的对话，
在民族方面展开的许多次的对话，
02:00
our understanding was always superficial.
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我们的理解仍然处于一知半解的程度。
02:03
We realized that there are two big gaps
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我们意识到在我们的种族文化
02:06
in our racial literacy.
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理解上有两个大的漏洞。
02:08
WG: First, the heart gap:
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）:首先是，感情漏洞：
02:11
an inability to understand
each of our experiences,
each of our experiences,
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一种在理解每个人的经历上的无能为力，
02:15
to fiercely and unapologetically
be compassionate beyond lip service.
be compassionate beyond lip service.
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从而对他人富有同情心
的表现上过于激烈和坦率。
的表现上过于激烈和坦率。
02:22
PV: And second, the mind gap:
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：其次是，精神漏洞：
02:25
an inability to understand the larger,
systemic ways in which racism operates.
systemic ways in which racism operates.
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一种在理解种族主义巨大、系统化的
运作方式上无能为力。
运作方式上无能为力。
02:32
WG: First, the heart gap.
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）:首先，感情漏洞。
02:35
To be fair, race did pop up
a few times in school, growing up.
a few times in school, growing up.
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公平的说，民族（的影响）的确曾经突然
出现于学校一段时间，并且不断扩大。
出现于学校一段时间，并且不断扩大。
02:39
We all defend our social justice education
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我们都捍卫我们的社会公平教育
02:41
because we learned
about Martin Luther King Jr.
about Martin Luther King Jr.
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因为我们曾经了解关于马丁路德·金
（ Martin Luther King Jr.）、哈莉特·塔布曼（ Harriet Tubman）
（ Martin Luther King Jr.）、哈莉特·塔布曼（ Harriet Tubman）
02:44
and Harriet Tubman and Rosa Parks.
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和罗莎·帕克斯（ Rosa Parks.）（所做出的贡献）。
02:47
But even in all of those conversations,
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但是甚至在所有他们讲话的内容当中，
02:49
race always felt outdated, like,
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他们所讲述的人种间（的歧视）
总感觉有些过时，比如，
总感觉有些过时，比如，
02:52
"Yes, slavery, that happened
once upon a time,
once upon a time,
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“的确，奴隶制度，曾经
在很久以前出现过，”
在很久以前出现过，”
02:55
but why does it really matter now?"
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然而对今天有什么实质上的影响吗?"
02:58
As a result, we didn't really care.
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结论是，我们真的不关心它。
03:02
But what if our teacher introduced
a story from the present day,
a story from the present day,
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但是假如我们的老师
介绍一个当代的故事，
介绍一个当代的故事，
03:06
for example, how Treniya
told us in Pittsburgh that --
told us in Pittsburgh that --
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例如，匹兹堡的特里尼亚（Treniya）讲述的是——
03:10
PV: "My sister was scrolling through
Facebook and typed in our last name.
Facebook and typed in our last name.
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：“当我的姐姐正在滚动
查看脸书并且按类型把我们的姓氏归类的时候。
查看脸书并且按类型把我们的姓氏归类的时候。
03:13
This white guy popped up,
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突然一个白人出现了，
03:15
and we found out that his
great-great-grandfather owned slaves
great-great-grandfather owned slaves
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然后我们发现他的
曾曾祖父曾经拥有过奴隶
曾曾祖父曾经拥有过奴隶
03:19
and my great-great-
great-grandmother was one of them.
great-grandmother was one of them.
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并且我的曾曾祖母是其中的一员。
03:23
My last name -- it's not who I am.
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我的姓氏——并不能说明我是谁。
03:26
We've been living
under a white man's name.
under a white man's name.
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我们曾经一直凭借
一个白人的姓氏生活。
一个白人的姓氏生活。
03:28
If slavery didn't happen,
who would I even be?"
who would I even be?"
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如果奴隶制度没有出现过，那我又会是谁呢？”
03:32
WG: Now it feels relevant, immediate,
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）:现在
立刻感觉是上述是相关的，
立刻感觉是上述是相关的，
03:35
because the connection to slavery's
lasting legacy today is made clear, right?
lasting legacy today is made clear, right?
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因为奴隶制度与现如今联系
而产生的延续性影响是无可厚非的，对吗？
而产生的延续性影响是无可厚非的，对吗？
03:40
Or what would happen is our teacher
would throw out these cold statistics.
would throw out these cold statistics.
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不然可能即将发生是我们的老师
会掷出那些冷冰冰的统计数字。
会掷出那些冷冰冰的统计数字。
03:43
You've probably seen this one before
in news headlines.
in news headlines.
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你可能曾经看过这些在
新闻标题前出现的统计数字。
新闻标题前出现的统计数字。
03:46
PV: African-Americans are incarcerated
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：非洲裔美国人
03:48
more than five times
the rate of white people.
the rate of white people.
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被监禁的次数高于白人的五倍。
03:51
WG: Now consider Ronnie, in Seattle.
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：现在我们
转向西雅图的罗尼（Ronnie）。
转向西雅图的罗尼（Ronnie）。
03:55
PV: "My father means everything to me.
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：我父亲
对我来说意味着一切。
对我来说意味着一切。
03:57
He's all I've got, I don't know my mother.
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他就是我拥有的一切，
我不知道谁是我的母亲。
我不知道谁是我的母亲。
04:00
My father's currently being
wrongly incarcerated for 12 years.
wrongly incarcerated for 12 years.
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我父亲目前已经
被错误地监禁了12年。
被错误地监禁了12年。
04:04
I've got a daughter, and I try to be
that same fatherly figure for her:
that same fatherly figure for her:
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我有一个女儿，我尝试着
作一个我父亲式的家长：
作一个我父亲式的家长：
04:08
always involved in everything she does,
it might even be annoying at some points.
it might even be annoying at some points.
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参与她所做的所有事情，但这种行为
在某些时候会（使她）感到厌烦
在某些时候会（使她）感到厌烦
04:13
But I'm afraid I'll go missing in her life
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然而我害怕我会在她的生活中消失
04:16
just like my father did in mine."
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就像我父亲对我那样。”
04:20
WG: Throwing out just the statistic,
just the facts alone,
just the facts alone,
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：仅仅掷出
统计数字，只是单单事实罢了，
统计数字，只是单单事实罢了，
04:24
disconnected from real humans,
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并不能与人们相联系，
04:26
can lead to dangerously incomplete
understanding of those facts.
understanding of those facts.
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（这些数字）会引导人们对那些
事实有很危险且不完整的认识。
事实有很危险且不完整的认识。
04:30
It fails to recognize that for many people
who don't understand racism
who don't understand racism
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会带给很多曾经不理解
种族主义的人们一些错误的认识
种族主义的人们一些错误的认识
04:33
the problem is not a lack of knowledge
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关键问题是：很多人并不是
由于缺少专业知识
由于缺少专业知识
04:35
to talk about the pain
of white supremacy and oppression,
of white supremacy and oppression,
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从而不谈白人优越主义
和他们的压迫感，
和他们的压迫感，
04:39
it's that they don't recognize
that that pain exists at all.
that that pain exists at all.
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而是他们根本无法感受到
那些所产生的痛苦感。
那些所产生的痛苦感。
04:43
They don't recognize the human beings
that are being affected,
that are being affected,
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他们无法意识到人类
正在被那些所影响，
正在被那些所影响，
04:46
and they don't feel enough to care.
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并且他们不对于
那些产生足够的关心。
那些产生足够的关心。
04:49
PV: Second, the mind gap.
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：
其次是，精神漏洞。
其次是，精神漏洞。
04:51
We can't ignore the stats, either.
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当然我们也不能忽略统计数字。
04:54
We can't truly grasp Ronnie's situation
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我们无法真的急切接受罗尼（Ronnie）的处境
04:57
without understanding how things
like unjust laws and biased policing
like unjust laws and biased policing
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在我们不理解一些事物的基础上比如
非正义的法律和有偏向性的警务系统
非正义的法律和有偏向性的警务系统
05:01
systematic racism has created
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所展现出的种族主义，
从而随着时间的推移
从而随着时间的推移
05:04
the disproportionate
incarceration rates over time.
incarceration rates over time.
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产生了并不成比例的监禁率。
05:07
Or like how in Honolulu,
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或者又如檀香山，
05:09
the large prison population
of native Hawaiians like Kimmy
of native Hawaiians like Kimmy
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夏威夷土著人的庞大的
监狱人口聚集地，其中吉米（ Kimmy）
监狱人口聚集地，其中吉米（ Kimmy）
05:13
is heavily influenced
by the island's long history
by the island's long history
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受到这个岛屿长期被
美国殖民化的历史
美国殖民化的历史
05:16
with US colonialization,
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所深深影响，
05:18
it's impact passing down
through generations to today.
through generations to today.
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它所造成的影响一代代延续到今天。
05:21
For us, sometimes we would talk
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有时候我们会在教室里谈论到
05:23
about people's personal,
unique experiences in the classroom.
unique experiences in the classroom.
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有些人的私人事务或是
他们独特的经历。
他们独特的经历。
05:27
Stuff like, how Justin once told us --
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类似的事情，贾斯廷（ Justin）曾经告诉我们——
05:30
WG: "I've been working on psychologically
reclaiming my place in this city.
reclaiming my place in this city.
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：我一直在
心理层面上恢复这个城市的地位。
心理层面上恢复这个城市的地位。
05:34
Because for me, my Chicago
isn't the nice architecture downtown,
isn't the nice architecture downtown,
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因为对我来说，芝加哥不是
一座具有美观建筑的城市，
一座具有美观建筑的城市，
05:38
it's not the North Side.
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它并不在北面。
05:40
My Chicago is the orange line,
the pink line, the working immigrant class
the pink line, the working immigrant class
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芝加哥是拥有橙线，粉线（地铁线路），
不断的有上下班的移民阶层
不断的有上下班的移民阶层
05:45
going on the train."
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来乘坐火车的城市。”
05:47
PV: And while we might have
acknowledged his personal experience,
acknowledged his personal experience,
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：虽然我们
可能已经承认了他的个人经历，
可能已经承认了他的个人经历，
05:51
we wouldn't have talked
about how redlining
about how redlining
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但是我们不会去谈论
曾经出现的红线区域
曾经出现的红线区域
05:53
and the legalized segregation of our past
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和合法化的种族隔离
05:55
created the racially divided
neighborhoods we live in today.
neighborhoods we live in today.
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是如何造成今天的种族分居现象的.
05:59
We wouldn't have completely understood
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我们不会完全理解
06:01
how racism is embedded in the framework
of everything around us,
of everything around us,
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种族主义是怎样嵌入在
我们周围的一切框架内的，
我们周围的一切框架内的，
06:05
because we would stay narrowly focused
on people's isolated experiences.
on people's isolated experiences.
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因为只是单方面关注
到了每个人单独的经历。
到了每个人单独的经历。
06:10
Another example,
Sandra in DC once told us:
Sandra in DC once told us:
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华盛顿特区的桑德拉
（Sandra ）讲述的另一个事例是：
（Sandra ）讲述的另一个事例是：
06:14
WG: "When I'm with my Korean family,
I know how to move with them.
I know how to move with them.
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：“当我还在与我朝鲜的家人们
一起生活的时候，我知道如何与他们一起行动。
一起生活的时候，我知道如何与他们一起行动。
06:18
I know what to do in order to have them
feel like I care about them.
feel like I care about them.
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我知道我应该如何做能够让
他们知道我一直关心着他们。
他们知道我一直关心着他们。
06:21
And making and sharing food
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并且制作和分享食品是
06:23
is one of the most fundamental
ways of showing love.
ways of showing love.
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向他人表达爱意最基础的方法之一。
06:27
When I'm with my partner
who's not Korean, however,
who's not Korean, however,
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然而，当我与一个并不是
朝鲜人的爱人生活的时候
朝鲜人的爱人生活的时候
06:30
we've had to grapple with the fact
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我们不得不努力设法解决
06:31
that I'm very food-centric
and he's just not.
and he's just not.
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我是以食物为中心而
他恰好相反这样的事实问题。
他恰好相反这样的事实问题。
06:34
One time he said that he didn't
want to be expected
want to be expected
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有一次他说他不想
为我所期待，
为我所期待，
06:37
to make food for me,
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为我制作食物，
06:39
and I got really upset."
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从而我感到很伤心。”
06:40
PV: That might seem like a weird reaction,
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：那看起来
似乎是一个奇怪的反应，
似乎是一个奇怪的反应，
06:43
but only if we don't recognize
how it's emblematic of something larger,
how it's emblematic of something larger,
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我们这么想是由于我们无法
识别出其中是怎样象征出大
识别出其中是怎样象征出大
06:47
something deeper.
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而深层次的事情的。
06:49
Intragenerational trauma.
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是种代间的创伤。
06:51
How in Sandra's family,
widespread hunger and poverty
widespread hunger and poverty
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昔日桑德拉家人们那样的举动是由于
06:54
existed as recently
as Sandra's parents' generation
as Sandra's parents' generation
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桑德拉父辈人普遍存在的
饥饿和贫穷问题所造成的。
饥饿和贫穷问题所造成的。
06:57
and therefore impacts Sandra today.
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那种举动因而影响了
桑德拉（Sandra）今日的行为。
桑德拉（Sandra）今日的行为。
06:59
She experiences someone saying --
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她把别人对她说——
07:01
WG: "I don't want to feed you."
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：“我不想为你提供食物。”
07:03
PV: As --
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：当作——
07:04
WG: "I don't want to hug you."
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：“我不想拥抱你（亲近你）。”
07:06
PV: And without her and her partner
having that nuanced understanding
having that nuanced understanding
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：如果她和
她丈夫之间没有对她的反应
她丈夫之间没有对她的反应
07:09
of her reaction and the historical
context behind it,
context behind it,
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和她曾经处于的生活背景
具有细致入微的理解，
具有细致入微的理解，
07:12
it could easily lead
to unnecessary fighting.
to unnecessary fighting.
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就会很容易导致一些
不必要争吵的产生。
不必要争吵的产生。
07:14
That's why it's so important
that we proactively --
that we proactively --
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这就是为什么重要的是我们主动地——
07:18
(Both speaking): Co-create --
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（两人齐声）：共同-创造——
07:19
PV: A shared American culture
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：一个共享的美国文化
07:21
that identifies and embraces
the different values and norms
the different values and norms
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应该在我们多元的社区中
07:25
within our diverse communities.
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认同和包容不同的价值和规范。
07:28
WG: To be racially literate --
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：作为一名种族学者——
07:30
PV: To understand who we are
so that we can heal together --
so that we can heal together --
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：要去理解我们自己是谁
以便我们能（使我们的人生）一起变得更完整——
以便我们能（使我们的人生）一起变得更完整——
07:33
WG: We cannot neglect the heart --
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：我们不能忽略感情——
07:35
PV: Or the mind.
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或是精神。
07:37
So, with our hundreds of stories,
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因此，对于成百上千份的（私人）经历，
07:39
we decided to publish
a racial literacy textbook
a racial literacy textbook
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我们决定出版一本关于种族文学的教科书
07:42
to bridge that gap
between our hearts and minds.
between our hearts and minds.
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从而弥补我们感情和精神之间的漏洞。
07:45
WG: Our last book, "The Classroom Index,"
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我们（出版）的上一本书，“课堂索引”，
07:47
shares deeply personal stories.
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分享了深刻的私人经历。
07:49
PV: And pairs those personal stories
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：
并且将那些私人经历与
并且将那些私人经历与
07:51
to the brilliant research
of statisticians and scholars.
of statisticians and scholars.
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一些统计学家和优秀
学者的杰出研究进行配对。
学者的杰出研究进行配对。
07:54
WG: Every day, we are still
blown away by people's experiences,
blown away by people's experiences,
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：每天，
我们仍然被人们的私人经历，
我们仍然被人们的私人经历，
07:59
by the complexity
of our collective racial reality.
of our collective racial reality.
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复杂的共同种族的真实情况所打动。
08:02
PV: So today, we ask you --
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：
所以今天，我想问你们——
所以今天，我想问你们——
08:05
WG: Are you racially literate?
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：你们是种族学者吗？
08:07
Are you there yet?
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你们到达理解的地步了吗？
08:08
PV: Do you really understand
the people around you,
the people around you,
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：
你们真的理解周围的人们吗，
你们真的理解周围的人们吗，
08:11
their stories, stories like these?
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他们的故事，像上述的故事那样？
08:14
It's not just knowing
that Louise from Seattle
that Louise from Seattle
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我们不能只是知道
西雅图的路易丝（ Louise）
西雅图的路易丝（ Louise）
08:17
survived Japanese American
internment camps.
internment camps.
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在日裔美国人的
拘留营中生存了下来。
拘留营中生存了下来。
08:20
It's knowing that, meanwhile,
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我们同时还要知道，
08:22
her husband was one of an estimated
33,000 Japanese Americans
33,000 Japanese Americans
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她的丈夫是约33,000名为我们
08:27
who fought for our country during the war,
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国家反抗的日籍美国人其中的一员，
08:29
a country that was simultaneously
interning their families.
interning their families.
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这个国家同时关押了他们的家庭。
08:34
For most of us, those Japanese Americans
both in camps and in service,
both in camps and in service,
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对大多数的我们来说，
那些日籍美国人，在营地或是正在服役的
那些日籍美国人，在营地或是正在服役的
08:39
now see their bravery, their resilience,
their history forgotten.
their history forgotten.
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现在他们的勇敢、坚韧和历史都被遗忘了。
08:43
They've become only victims.
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他们现在只是成为了受害者。
08:45
PV: It's not just knowing
that interracial marriages
that interracial marriages
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：我们不能仅仅知道
08:48
like Shermaine and Paul in DC exist,
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在华盛顿特区，像舍曼（ Shermaine）和
保罗（ Paul）这样的异族婚姻的存在。
保罗（ Paul）这样的异族婚姻的存在。
08:51
it's acknowledging that our society
has been programmed for them to fail.
has been programmed for them to fail.
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我们要承认的是我们的社会
对他们的关心不够。
对他们的关心不够。
08:55
That on their very first date
someone shouted,
someone shouted,
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在他们第一次约会的时候，有人大喊道，
08:58
"Why are you with that black whore?"
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“你为什么和那个黑妓在一起？”
09:00
That according to a Columbia study
on cis straight relationships
on cis straight relationships
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根据哥伦比亚在顺直关系上的研究表明
09:04
black is often equated with masculinity
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黑人被视为具有阳刚之气而
09:07
and Asian with femininity,
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亚洲人被视为具有阴柔之气，
09:09
leading more men to not value black women
and to fetishize Asian women.
and to fetishize Asian women.
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从而导致更多的男性不重视
黑人女性并且迷恋亚洲女性。
黑人女性并且迷恋亚洲女性。
09:14
Among black-white marriages
in the year 2000,
in the year 2000,
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到2000年为止，
在所有的黑人-白人婚姻之中，
在所有的黑人-白人婚姻之中，
09:17
73 percent had a black husband
and a white wife.
and a white wife.
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73%具有一位黑人丈夫或白人妻子。
09:21
Paul and Shermaine defy that statistic.
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保罗（Paul ）和舍曼（Shermaine）
反对这个数字。
反对这个数字。
09:24
Black is beautiful,
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黑人是美丽的，
09:26
but it takes a lot to believe so
once society says otherwise.
once society says otherwise.
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但是社会不这么认为从而
导致人们要花更多的时间相信。
导致人们要花更多的时间相信。
09:29
WG: It's not just knowing
that white people like Lisa in Chicago
that white people like Lisa in Chicago
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：我们不能只是知道
在芝加哥像丽萨（ Lisa ）这样的白人，
在芝加哥像丽萨（ Lisa ）这样的白人，
09:33
have white privilege,
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拥有白色特权，
09:34
it's reflecting consciously
on the term whiteness and its history,
on the term whiteness and its history,
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它有意识地反映了白人阶级和它的历史，
09:38
knowing that whiteness
can't be equated with American.
can't be equated with American.
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让我们知道白人并不能等同于美国人。
09:42
It's knowing that Lisa can't forget
her own personal family's history
her own personal family's history
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我们要知道的是丽萨（Lisa）不能忘记
09:46
of Jewish oppression.
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她的家庭受到犹太压迫的历史。
09:48
That she can't forget how, growing up,
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她无法忘记如何，在成长的过程中
09:50
she was called a dirty Jew
with horns and tails.
with horns and tails.
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她被称之为有犄角和尾巴
肮脏的犹太人。
肮脏的犹太人。
09:53
But Lisa knows she can pass as white
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但是丽萨（Lisa）知道她可以像白人一样
09:55
so she benefits from huge systemic
and interpersonal privileges,
and interpersonal privileges,
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从而她受益于巨大的（社会）系统和人际特权，
09:59
and so she spends every day
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因此她每天都竭尽全力
10:00
grappling with ways that she can
leverage that white privilege
leverage that white privilege
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用她的白人特权来实现
10:04
for social justice.
194
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社会公平。
10:05
For example, starting conversations
with other people of privilege about race.
with other people of privilege about race.
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比如，与其他阶层的人们展开关于民族话题的对话。
10:10
Or shifting the power
in her classroom to her students
in her classroom to her students
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或者通过学习他们在种族主义和贫穷的经历，
10:14
by learning to listen to their experiences
of racism and poverty.
of racism and poverty.
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去在课堂上把这种动力转移给她的学生。
10:19
PV: It's not just knowing
that native languages are dying.
that native languages are dying.
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：我们不能
仅仅知道母语正在面临危机。
仅仅知道母语正在面临危机。
10:22
It's appreciating how fluency
in the Cherokee language,
in the Cherokee language,
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我们应该感激的是切罗基语
在社会中的用于交谈流利程度，
在社会中的用于交谈流利程度，
10:25
which really only less
than 12,000 people speak today,
than 12,000 people speak today,
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现如今只有不超过
12,000人还在说这门语言，
12,000人还在说这门语言，
10:28
is an act of survival,
of preservation of culture and history.
of preservation of culture and history.
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这是一种展示它仍然存在的行为，
是一种保护文化和历史的行为。
是一种保护文化和历史的行为。
10:34
It's knowing how
the nongendered Cherokee language
the nongendered Cherokee language
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我们应该知道未经处理过得切罗基语
10:37
enabled Ahyoka's acceptance
as a trans woman
as a trans woman
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使得河冈（Ahyoka）被接受成为一名
俄克拉荷马州塔勒阔
俄克拉荷马州塔勒阔
10:40
in Tahlequah, Oklahoma.
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的跨性女性。
10:43
Her grandmother told her firmly
a saying in Cherokee,
a saying in Cherokee,
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她的祖母坚定地向她
讲述了一个切罗基语的谚语，
讲述了一个切罗基语的谚语，
10:46
"I don't tell me who you are,
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“我不告诉我你是谁，
10:48
you tell me who you are.
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你告诉我你是谁。
10:50
And that is who you are."
208
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然后那个就是你。”
10:52
WG: These are just parts of a few stories.
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：这只是那些故事的一部分。
10:55
There are approximately
323 million people in the United States.
323 million people in the United States.
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美国有大约3亿2300万人口。
10:59
PV: And 7.4 billion people on the planet.
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：全球有74亿人口。
11:02
WG: So we have a lot to listen to.
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：所以我们有很多的事件需要去聆听。
11:03
PV: And a lot to learn.
213
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：还有很多东西要学。
11:05
WG: We need to raise the bar.
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：我们需要提高门槛。
11:06
PV: Elevate our standards
for racial literacy.
for racial literacy.
215
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：提升我们的种族文化。
11:09
Because without investing
in an education that values --
in an education that values --
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因为如果没有在教育上面花费时间那么价值——
11:12
WG: Both the stories --
PV: And statistics --
PV: And statistics --
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：上述的两个故事——
普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：还有统计数字——
普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：还有统计数字——
11:14
WG: The people --
PV: And the numbers --
PV: And the numbers --
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：人们——
普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：还有数字——
普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：还有数字——
11:16
WG: The interpersonal --
PV: And the systemic --
PV: And the systemic --
219
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：人际关系——
普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：还有系统——
普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：还有系统——
11:18
WG: There will always be a piece missing.
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：这里会永远少一项。
11:20
PV: Today, so few of us
understand each other.
understand each other.
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：今天，有很少一部分人理解他人。
11:24
WG: We don't know how to communicate --
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：我们不知道如何去沟通——
11:26
PV: Live together --
WG: Love one another.
WG: Love one another.
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：一起生活——
薇诺娜·郭（WG）：爱一个又一个人。
薇诺娜·郭（WG）：爱一个又一个人。
11:28
We need to all work together
to create a new national community.
to create a new national community.
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我们需要共同努力去创造
一个全新的民族共同体
一个全新的民族共同体
11:31
PV: A new shared culture
of mutual suffering and celebration.
of mutual suffering and celebration.
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：一种
全新的同甘共苦共享文化。
全新的同甘共苦共享文化。
11:35
WG: We need to each begin by learning
in our own local communities,
in our own local communities,
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：我们每个人都
需要从我们当地的群体开始学习，
需要从我们当地的群体开始学习，
11:39
bridging the gaps between
our own hearts and minds
our own hearts and minds
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弥补我们感情和精神之间的漏洞
11:42
to become racially literate.
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从而成为一名种族学者。
11:43
PV: Once we all do,
we will be that much closer
we will be that much closer
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：一旦我们所有人
都这样去做了，我们将距离为我们
都这样去做了，我们将距离为我们
11:46
to living in spaces and systems
that fight and care equally for all of us.
that fight and care equally for all of us.
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一视同仁地提供关怀、争取权利
的空间和体制更进一步。
的空间和体制更进一步。
11:52
WG: Then, none of us
will be able to remain distant.
will be able to remain distant.
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：然后，我们之间将不再存在距离。
11:56
PV: We couldn't -- sorry,
mom and dad, college can wait.
mom and dad, college can wait.
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：我们不能——
抱歉，父母和学校能够等待。
抱歉，父母和学校能够等待。
11:59
WG: We're on a gap year before college,
traveling to all 50 states
traveling to all 50 states
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薇诺娜·郭（WG）：我们正在用
空档年的时间走遍全美50个州
空档年的时间走遍全美50个州
12:02
collecting stories for our next book.
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为我们的下一本书收集故事。
12:04
PV: And we still have 23 states
left to interview in.
left to interview in.
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普里亚·弗里奇（PV）：直到现在
我们还剩下23个州需要去采访。
我们还剩下23个州需要去采访。
12:07
(Both) Let's all get to work.
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（两人齐声）让我们大家一起开始工作吧。
12:09
Thank you.
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谢谢。
12:10
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Priya Vulchi - Social entrepreneur, student activistPriya Vulchi is traveling to all US states with her friend Winona Guo, learning and listening to stories about race.
Why you should listen
For a collective future of racial justice, we must educate and empower our young generation now. Yet, the first time 18-year-olds Priya Vulchi and Winona Guo were required to talk about race in school was the 10th grade.
That same year, Vulchi co-founded CHOOSE with Guo to equip us all with the tools we lack to both talk about race and act toward systemic change. Their latest publication, a racial literacy textbook and toolkit for educators called The Classroom Index, has been recognized by Princeton University's Prize in Race Relations & Not in Our Town's Unity Award, featured in Teen Vogue, the Philadelphia Inquirer, & the Huffington Post, and called a “social innovation more necessary than the iPhone” by Professor Ruha Benjamin. Currently on a gap year before attending Princeton University, Vulchi and Guo have been traveling to all US states collecting hundreds of powerful stories about race, culture, and intersectionality for another book to be released in spring 2019. Follow their journey on princetonchoose.org or @princetonchoose on Instagram and Facebook.
Priya Vulchi | Speaker | TED.com
Winona Guo - Social entrepreneur, student activist
Winona Guo is spending her gap year traveling to all US states with her friend Priya Vulchi, learning and listening to stories about race and trying to find innovative ways to tackle inequity.
Why you should listen
For a collective future of racial justice, we must educate and empower our young generation now. Yet, the first time 18-year-olds Winona Guo and Priya Vulchi were required to talk about race in school was the 10th grade.
That same year, Guo co-founded CHOOSE with Vulchi to equip us all with the tools we lack to both talk about race and act toward systemic change. Their latest publication, a racial literacy textbook and toolkit for educators called The Classroom Index, has been recognized by Princeton University's Prize in Race Relations & Not in Our Town's Unity Award, featured in Teen Vogue, the Philadelphia Inquirer, & the Huffington Post, and called a “social innovation more necessary than the iPhone” by Professor Ruha Benjamin. Currently on a gap year before attending Harvard University, Guo and Vulchi have been traveling to all US states collecting hundreds of powerful stories about race, culture, and intersectionality for another book to be released in spring 2019. Follow their journey on princetonchoose.org or @princetonchoose on Instagram and Facebook.
Winona Guo | Speaker | TED.com