ABOUT THE SPEAKER
C. Noel Bairey Merz - Physician
C. Noel Bairey Merz is director of the Women's Heart Center at the Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, where she is a professor of medicine.

Why you should listen

C. Noel Bairey Merz, MD, holds the Women's Guild Endowed Chair in Women's Health, and is Director of the Women's Heart Center and the Preventive and Rehabilitative Cardiac Center in the Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, where she is a Professor of Medicine.

Dr. Bairey Merz's research interests include women and heart disease, mental stress and heart disease, the role of exercise and stress management in reversing disease, and the role of nutrition in heart disease. Currently, she is chair of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-sponsored WISE (Women's Ischemic Syndrome Evaluation) initiative.

Her work is supported by the Streisand Foundation.

Watch Barbra Streisand's passionate introduction of Dr. Bairey Merz at TEDxWomen >>

More profile about the speaker
C. Noel Bairey Merz | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxWomen 2011

Noel Bairey Merz: The single biggest health threat women face

诺埃尔·柏瑞·默茨(Noel Bairey Merz): 女性面临的最大健康威胁

Filmed:
885,531 views

惊人却真实:死于心脏疾病的女性多过男男性,多年来的心脏调查都专注于男性。先驱医师诺埃尔·柏瑞·默茨(Noel Bairey Merz)分享有关妇女的心脏健康,有我们知道的也有不知道的-包括妇女在心脏病发作中一些显著的不同症状(这也是为什么经常被人忽视的原因)。
- Physician
C. Noel Bairey Merz is director of the Women's Heart Center at the Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, where she is a professor of medicine. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
One out of two of you women妇女
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二分之一的女性
00:18
will be impacted影响 by cardiovascular心血管 disease疾病
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一生中会受到心血管疾病
00:20
in your lifetime一生.
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的影响。
00:23
So this is the leading领导 killer凶手 of women妇女.
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这是女性的头号杀手。
00:27
It's a closely密切 held保持 secret秘密
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我不知道为什么
00:29
for reasons原因 I don't know.
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不为人所知。
00:32
In addition加成 to making制造 this personal个人 --
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除了针对个人以外--
00:35
so we're going to talk about your relationship关系 with your heart
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我们要谈论你与你心脏的关系,
00:37
and all women's女士的 relationship关系 with their heart --
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所有女性与心脏的关系--
00:40
we're going to wax into the politics政治.
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我们要铸进政治中去。
00:42
Because the personal个人, as you know, is political政治.
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因为个人呢,也是政治化的。
00:45
And not enough足够 is being存在 doneDONE about this.
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在这一点上做得还不够。
00:48
And as we have watched看着 women妇女
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我们都曾经见过
00:50
conquer征服 breast乳房 cancer癌症
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借助乳腺癌的宣传
00:52
through通过 the breast乳房 cancer癌症 campaign运动,
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女性在征服乳腺癌。
00:54
this is what we need to do now with heart.
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现在我们也应当这样来对待我们的心脏。
00:57
Since以来 1984,
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从1984年以来
00:59
more women妇女 die in the U.S. than men男人.
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在美国,女性的死亡率高于男性。
01:03
So where we used to think of heart disease疾病
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我们那时都习惯认为
01:06
as being存在 a man's男人的 problem问题 primarily主要 --
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心脏病是男性的主要问题-
01:09
which哪一个 that was never true真正,
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其实从来就不正确。
01:11
but that was kind of how everybody每个人 thought in the 1950s and '60s,
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但20世纪五,六十年代人人都这样认为,
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and it was in all the textbooks教科书.
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并且课本里都是这样的。
01:16
It's certainly当然 what I learned学到了 when I was training训练.
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我受训的时候就是这样学的。
01:19
If we were to remain sexist性别歧视, and that was not right,
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五六十年代那种含有性别歧视色彩的观点是不对的。
01:22
but if we were going to go forward前锋 and be sexist性别歧视,
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可是,为了讨论这个问题,就让我们站在女性立场上吧。
01:25
it's actually其实 a woman's女人的 disease疾病.
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心脏疾病实际就是女性的疾病。
01:27
So it's a woman's女人的 disease疾病 now.
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现在是女性的疾病。
01:29
And one of the things that you see
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有一件事情你看到的是,
01:31
is that male line线,
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这条男性线上的
01:33
the mortality死亡 is going down, down, down, down, down.
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死亡率一直在下降,下降,下降。
01:35
And you see the female line线 since以来 1984,
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从1984年来,女性这条线,
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the gap间隙 is widening加宽.
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差距在加宽。
01:40
More and more women妇女, two, three, four times more women妇女,
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越来越多的女性,死于心脏疾病的
01:43
dying垂死 of heart disease疾病 than men男人.
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比男性多两倍,三倍或四倍。
01:46
And that's too short of a time period
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在这个太短的时间内,
01:48
for all the different不同 risk风险 factors因素 that we know
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我们有诸多的不同威胁因素
01:50
to change更改.
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要改变。
01:52
So what this really suggested建议 to us
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所以,这就建议我们
01:54
at the national国民 level水平
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采取国家级别的
01:56
was that diagnostic诊断 and therapeutic治疗 strategies策略,
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诊断和治疗策略,
02:00
which哪一个 had been developed发达 in men男人, by men男人, for men男人
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因为在过去的50年里曾被男性开发,
02:03
for the last 50 years年份 --
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也为男性服务,
02:05
and they work pretty漂亮 well in men男人, don't they? --
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它们也起了很好的作用,是不是?
02:08
weren't working加工 so well for women妇女.
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但,女性们没得到什么好处。
02:11
So that was a big wake-up醒来 call
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那是80年代的
02:13
in the 1980's.
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一个大警钟。
02:15
Heart disease疾病 kills杀死 more women妇女
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无论哪个年龄段,
02:18
at all ages年龄
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女性的心脏病死亡率
02:20
than breast乳房 cancer癌症.
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都高于乳腺癌。
02:22
And the breast乳房 cancer癌症 campaign运动 --
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虽然乳腺癌作了宣传活动,
02:24
again, this is not a competition竞争.
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但这不是竞争。
02:26
We're trying to be as good as the breast乳房 cancer癌症 campaign运动.
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我们要做像乳腺癌同样好的宣传活动。
02:29
We need to be as good as the breast乳房 cancer癌症 campaign运动
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我们需要做和乳腺癌同样好的活动
02:32
to address地址 this crisis危机.
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来解决这场危机。
02:34
Now sometimes有时 when people see this,
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有时,人们看到这些
02:36
I hear this gasp喘气.
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就会叹气.
02:38
We can all think of someone有人,
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我们可以想到某个人,
02:40
often经常 a young年轻 woman女人,
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常常是一位很年轻的妇女
02:42
who has been impacted影响 by breast乳房 cancer癌症.
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会受乳腺癌的影响。
02:45
We often经常 can't think of a young年轻 woman女人
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我们却不会想到一位年轻的妇女
02:47
who has heart disease疾病.
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会得心脏病。
02:49
I'm going to tell you why.
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我要告诉大家为什么这样。
02:51
Heart disease疾病 kills杀死 people,
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心脏病发作死亡,
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often经常 very quickly很快.
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经常很快。
02:55
So the first time heart disease疾病 strikes罢工 in women妇女 and men男人,
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所以心脏病第一次袭击男性和女性,
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half of the time it's sudden突然 cardiac心脏的 death死亡 --
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半数是心源性猝死--
03:01
no opportunity机会 to say good-bye再见,
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没机会说再见,
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no opportunity机会 to take her to the chemotherapy化疗,
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没机会带她去做化疗,
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no opportunity机会 to help her pick out a wig假发.
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没机会帮她挑选假发。
03:08
Breast乳房 cancer癌症,
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乳腺癌
03:10
mortality死亡 is down to four percent百分.
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死亡率下降了4个百分点。
03:13
And that is the 40 years年份
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这就是40年来
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that women妇女 have advocated主张.
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妇女呼吁的结果。
03:19
Betty贝蒂 Ford, Nancy南希 Reagan里根 stood站在 up
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贝蒂•福特,南希.里根曾经站起来
03:22
and said, "I'm a breast乳房 cancer癌症 survivor幸存者,"
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说:“我是乳腺癌的幸存者,”
03:24
and it was okay to talk about it.
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这是可以谈论的。
03:26
And then physicians医师 have gone走了 to bat蝙蝠.
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于是,医师们就去着手。
03:28
We've我们已经 doneDONE the research研究.
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我们做了调查。
03:30
We have effective有效 therapies治疗 now.
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我们现在拥有有效的疗法。
03:32
Women妇女 are living活的 longer than ever.
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女性比以前更长寿。
03:34
That has to happen发生 in heart disease疾病, and it's time.
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对待心脏病也应该这样,是时候了。
03:37
It's not happening事件, and it's time.
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现在还没做什么,是时候了。
03:42
We owe an incredible难以置信 debt债务 of gratitude感谢
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我们对这两位女性
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to these two women妇女.
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欠下感激之债。
03:46
As Barbara芭芭拉 depicted描绘
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就像芭芭拉
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in one of her amazing惊人 movies电影, "Yentl杨朵,"
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在她的一部很棒的电影《燕特尔》“Yentl”里
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she portrayed刻画 a young年轻 woman女人
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刻画了一位年轻的女性
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who wanted an education教育.
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想要受教育。
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And she wanted to study研究 the Talmud塔木德.
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她想学习犹太法典。
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And so how did she get educated博学 then?
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那她怎么样接受的教育呢?
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She had to impersonate模仿 a man.
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她必需得装扮成男人。
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She had to look like a man.
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她必需看上去像个男人。
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She had to make other people believe that she looked看着 like a man
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她必需让别人相信她像个男人,
04:08
and she could have the same相同 rights权利
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她有男人该有的
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that the men男人 had.
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同样的权利。
04:12
Bernadine伯娜丁 Healy希利, Dr博士. Healy希利,
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伯纳丁·希利,
04:15
was a cardiologist心脏病.
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希利医师是个心脏病学家。
04:17
And right around that time, in the 1980's,
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当时是1980年代,
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that we saw women妇女 and heart disease疾病 deaths死亡
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我们看到女性心脏病死亡
04:22
going up, up, up, up, up,
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一直上升,上升,上升,
04:24
she wrote an editorial社论
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她在新英格兰医学杂志上
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in the New England英国 Journal日志 of Medicine医学
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写了一篇社论,
04:28
and said, the Yentl杨朵 syndrome综合征.
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说到燕特尔综合症。
04:31
Women妇女 are dying垂死 of heart disease疾病,
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死于心脏病的女性
04:33
two, three, four times more than men男人.
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是男性的两倍,三倍或四倍。
04:36
Mortality死亡 is not going down, it's going up.
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死亡率没有下降,而在上升。
04:39
And she questioned质疑,
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她质疑过,
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she hypothesized假设,
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她假设过
04:43
is this a Yentl杨朵 syndrome综合征?
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这是一种燕特尔综合症吗?
04:45
And here's这里的 what the story故事 is.
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故事是这样的。
04:47
Is it because women妇女 don't look like men男人,
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因为女性长的不像男性,
04:50
they don't look like that male-pattern男性型 heart disease疾病
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她们的心脏病不像男性模式,
04:53
that we've我们已经 spent花费 the last 50 years年份 understanding理解
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她们没有我们研究了50年而理解的
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and getting得到 really good diagnostics诊断
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真正好的诊断
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and really good therapeutics疗法,
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和真正好的治疗。
05:00
and therefore因此, they're not recognized认可 for their heart disease疾病.
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因此,她们的心脏病没被公认。
05:02
And they're just passed通过.
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她们就这样走了。
05:04
They don't get treated治疗, they don't get detected检测,
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她们没得到医治,她们没被检测,
05:07
they don't get the benefit效益 of all the modern现代 medicines药品.
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她们没有得益于所有的现代医药。
05:10
Doctor医生 Healy希利 then subsequently后来 became成为
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希利医师后来成为
05:12
the first female director导向器
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美国国家卫生部的
05:14
of our National国民 Institutes研究院 of Health健康.
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首位女部长。
05:16
And this is the biggest最大 biomedical生物医药 enterprise企业 research研究
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这是世界上最大的
05:19
in the world世界.
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生物医学企业研究。
05:21
And it funds资金 a lot of my research研究.
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我的许多研究是由它赞助的。
05:23
It funds资金 research研究 all over the place地点.
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它赞助的研究到处都有。
05:25
It was a very big deal合同
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她当部长
05:27
for her to become成为 director导向器.
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是很轰动一时的。
05:29
And she started开始,
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她开始的时候,
05:31
in the face面对 of a lot of controversy争议,
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面临了许多
05:33
the Women's女士的 Health健康 Initiative倡议.
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对女性健康倡议的争议。
05:35
And every一切 woman女人 in the room房间 here
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在座的每一位女性
05:37
has benefited受益 from that Women's女士的 Health健康 Initiative倡议.
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都得益于妇女健康倡议。
05:39
It told us about hormone激素 replacement替代 therapy治疗.
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它告诉我们激素替代疗法。
05:42
It's informed通知 us about osteoporosis骨质疏松.
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它告诉我们骨质疏松症。
05:44
It informed通知 us about breast乳房 cancer癌症, colon结肠 cancer癌症 in women妇女.
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它告诉我们女性的乳腺癌,大肠癌。
05:47
So a tremendous巨大 fund基金 of knowledge知识
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尽管有巨大的知识积累
05:50
despite尽管, again,
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但还是
05:52
that so many许多 people told her not to do it,
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有许多人告诉她不要去做,
05:54
it was too expensive昂贵.
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因为它太昂贵了。
05:56
And the under-reading在读 was women妇女 aren't worth价值 it.
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字里行间是说女性不值得。
05:59
She was like, "Nope. Sorry. Women妇女 are worth价值 it."
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她当时说,“不是,抱歉,女性是值得的。”
06:02
Well there was a little piece of that Women's女士的 Health健康 Initiative倡议
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于是有一小部分的妇女健康倡议,
06:05
that went to National国民 Heart, Lung, and Blood血液 Institute研究所,
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进入到国家心脏,肺和血液研究所
06:07
which哪一个 is the cardiology心脏病 part部分 of the NIHNIH.
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就是国家卫生研究院的心脏学部分。
06:10
And we got to do the WISE明智的 study研究 --
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我们去做的WISE研究--
06:12
and the WISE明智的 stands站立 for Women's女士的 Ischemia缺血 Syndrome综合征 Evaluation评估 --
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WISE代表妇女缺血综合症评估--
06:16
and I have chaired主持 this study研究 for the last 15 years年份.
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我已经主持这项研究达15年之久。
06:18
It was a study研究 to specifically特别 ask,
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这个研究在明确地问,
06:21
what's going on with women妇女?
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妇女到底怎么了?
06:23
Why are more and more women妇女 dying垂死
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为什么越来越多的女性死于
06:25
of ischemic缺血 heart disease疾病?
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缺铁性心脏病。
06:27
So in the WISE明智的, 15 years年份 ago,
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15年前,在妇女缺血综合症评估里,
06:30
we started开始 out and said, "Well wow, there's a couple一对 of key observations意见
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我们开始说,:“好哇,有几个关键的意见,
06:33
and we should probably大概 follow跟随 up on that."
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我们也许应该跟进观察。”
06:35
And our colleagues同事 in Washington华盛顿, D.C.
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在华盛顿特区,
06:38
had recently最近 published发表
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我们的同行们最近发表文章,
06:41
that when women妇女 have heart attacks攻击 and die,
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把女性和男性
06:44
compared相比 to men男人 who have heart attacks攻击 and die --
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因心脏病致死做了比较--
06:47
and again, this is millions百万 of people,
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仍有成千上万的人
06:49
happening事件 every一切 day --
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每天还在发生--
06:52
women妇女, in their fatty脂肪 plaque牌匾 --
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女性在她们的脂肪斑块里
06:54
and this is their coronary冠状动脉 artery动脉,
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这是冠状动脉,
06:56
so the main主要 blood血液 supply供应 going into the heart muscle肌肉 --
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主要的血液供应进到心脏肌肉时,
06:58
women妇女 erode侵蚀,
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女性是受侵蚀式,
07:00
men男人 explode爆炸.
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男性是爆炸式。
07:03
You're going to find some interesting有趣 analogies类比
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你们会在生理学上找到些
07:05
in this physiology生理.
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有趣的相似。
07:07
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑)
07:10
So I'll describe描述 the male-pattern男性型 heart attack攻击 first.
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我先来描述一下男性模式的心脏病发作。
07:13
Hollywood好莱坞 heart attack攻击. UghhhhUghhhh.
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好莱坞式的心脏病发作。啊。。。
07:15
Horrible可怕 chest胸部 pain疼痛.
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可怕的胸口痛。
07:17
EKGEKG goes pbbrrhhpbbrrhh,
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心电图一下子跳上去,
07:19
so the doctors医生 can see this hugely巨大 abnormal不正常 EKGEKG.
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所以医生看到的是巨大的异常心电图。
07:22
There's a big clot凝块 in the middle中间 of the artery动脉.
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动脉当中有一个大的血块。
07:24
And they go up to the cath导管 lab实验室
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他们去到心导管室,
07:26
and boom繁荣, boom繁荣, boom繁荣 get rid摆脱 of the clot凝块.
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嘭嘭嘭就把血块拿掉。
07:28
That's a man heart attack攻击.
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那是男性的心脏病发作。
07:30
Some women妇女 have those heart attacks攻击,
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有些女性也是这样,
07:32
but a whole整个 bunch of women妇女 have this kind of heart attack攻击,
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但很多的妇女的心脏病发作是,
07:34
where it erodes溶蚀,
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动脉受到侵蚀
07:36
doesn't completely全然 fill with clot凝块, symptoms症状 are subtle微妙,
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但没有完全被血块阻塞,症状不明显,
07:39
EKGEKG findings发现 are different不同 --
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心电图也不一样--
07:41
female-pattern女模式.
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这就是女性模式。
07:43
So what do you think happens发生 to these gals加尔斯?
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这些女性会怎么样呢?
07:46
They're often经常 not recognized认可, sent发送 home.
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经常是,她们没被识别为心脏病发作,而被送回家。
07:48
I'm not sure what it was. Might威力 have been gas加油站.
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我不清楚是什么。可能是内部有气体。
07:51
So we picked采摘的 up on that
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所以我们会注意到,
07:53
and we said, "You know, we now have the ability能力
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说,“我们现在有能力
07:56
to look inside human人的 beings众生
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用这些特殊的叫做IVUS的管道
07:59
with these special特别 catheters导管 called IVUSIVUS:
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来透视人体内部:
08:01
intravascular血管内 ultrasound超声."
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血管内超声检查。”
08:03
And we said, "We're going to hypothesize或推测
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我们说,“我们要假设
08:06
that the fatty脂肪 plaque牌匾 in women妇女
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女性体内的脂肪斑块
08:09
is actually其实 probably大概 different不同,
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与男性的不同,
08:11
and deposited沉积 differently不同, than men男人."
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并且存积方式也不同。”
08:13
And because of the common共同 knowledge知识
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根据男女
08:17
of how women妇女 and men男人 get fat脂肪.
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如何变胖的常识。
08:19
When we watch people become成为 obese肥胖,
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当我们看到人发福,
08:23
where do men男人 get fat脂肪?
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男性胖在哪儿呢?
08:26
Right here, it's just a focal -- right there.
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就在这,就一个焦点--这里。
08:30
Where do women妇女 get fat脂肪?
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女性胖到哪儿呢?
08:33
All over.
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全身都是。
08:35
Cellulite消脂 here, cellulite橘皮 here.
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这里一块赘肉,这里一团脂肪。
08:38
So we said, "Look, women妇女 look like they're pretty漂亮 good
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因此我们说:“看哪,女人们很会
08:40
about putting kind of the garbage垃圾 away,
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把这些垃圾分散好,
08:42
smoothly顺利 putting it away.
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分得很顺利。
08:44
Men男人 just have to dump倾倒 it in a single area."
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男人只能倒进一个地方。”
08:47
So we said, "Let's look at these."
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我们说,“来看看这些。”
08:49
And so the yellow黄色 is the fatty脂肪 plaque牌匾,
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黄色是脂肪斑块,
08:52
and panel面板 A is a man.
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A组是男人。
08:54
And you can see, it's lumpy bumpy颠簸.
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你能看到,是波浪不平的。
08:56
He's got a beer啤酒 belly肚皮 in his coronary冠状动脉 arteries动脉.
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在他的冠状动脉里长了个啤酒肚。
08:59
Panel面板 B is the woman女人, very smooth光滑.
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B组是女性,非常平滑。
09:01
She's just laid铺设 it down nice不错 and tidy整洁.
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她把它摆得整洁漂亮。
09:03
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑)
09:05
And if you did that angiogram血管造影,
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如果你做过血管造影,
09:07
which哪一个 is the red,
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就是这个红色,
09:09
you can see the man's男人的 disease疾病.
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你可以看到男性的疾病。
09:11
So 50 years年份
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经过50年的
09:13
of honing珩磨 and crafting各具特色 these angiograms血管造影,
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磨练和制作这些血管造影,
09:15
we easily容易 recognize认识
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我们很容易认出
09:17
male-pattern男性型 disease疾病.
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男性模式的疾病。
09:19
Kind of hard to see that female-pattern女模式 disease疾病.
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但难于看到女性模式的疾病。
09:21
So that was a discovery发现.
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所以,才有了个发现。
09:23
Now what are the implications启示 of that?
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言外之意是什么呢?
09:26
Well once一旦 again, women妇女 get the angiogram血管造影
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就是,女性也做血管造影片,
09:28
and nobody没有人 can tell that they have a problem问题.
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但没有人能告诉她们有问题。
09:31
So we are working加工 now on a non-invasive无创 --
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我们在着手于一个非侵略性的研究,--
09:34
again, these are all invasive侵入的 studies学习.
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事实上,这些研究都是侵略性的。
09:36
Ideally理想的情况下 you would love to do all this non-invasively非侵入性.
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最理想的是,你会想用非侵入法来做这些研究。
09:39
And again, 50 years年份
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再重复一遍,五十年的
09:41
of good non-invasive无创 stress强调 testing测试,
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很好的非侵入的压力测试,
09:43
we're pretty漂亮 good at recognizing认识 male-pattern男性型 disease疾病
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我们很在行从这些测试中认出
09:45
with stress强调 tests测试.
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男性模式的疾病。
09:47
So this is cardiac心脏的 magnetic磁性 resonance谐振 imaging成像.
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这就是心脏磁共振成像。
09:49
We're doing this at the Cedars-Sinai雪松 - 西奈 Heart Institute研究所
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我们在妇女心脏中心的雪松西奈山心脏中心
09:52
in the Women's女士的 Heart Center中央.
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做这些研究。
09:54
We selected this for the research研究.
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我们为这项研究做了选择。
09:57
This is not in your community社区 hospital醫院,
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这虽然不是你的社区医院,
09:59
but we would hope希望 to translate翻译 this.
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我们希望能传递相同的信息。
10:01
And we're about two and a half years年份
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我们为期5年的研究
10:03
into a five-year五年 study研究.
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已进行了一半。
10:05
This was the only modality形态
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这是能看到心脏内膜的
10:07
that can see the inner lining of the heart.
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唯一模式。
10:09
And if you look carefully小心, you can see
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如果你仔细看,
10:11
that there's a black黑色 blush脸红 right there.
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会看到这里有个黑黑的血块。
10:13
And that is microvascular微血管 obstruction梗阻.
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那就是微血管阻塞。
10:16
The syndrome综合征, the female-pattern女模式
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这种女性模式的症状
10:19
now is called microvascular微血管 coronary冠状动脉 dysfunction功能障碍, or obstruction梗阻.
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就叫做冠状动脉微血管功能障碍或阻塞。
10:23
The second第二 reason原因 we really liked喜欢 MRIMRI
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我们喜欢核磁共振成像的第二个原因
10:26
is that there's no radiation辐射.
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是它没有辐射。
10:28
So unlike不像 the CAT scans扫描, X-raysX射线, thalliumsthalliums,
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不像计算机辅助测试扫描,X光片,铊扫描等
10:31
for women妇女
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因为女性
10:33
whose谁的 breast乳房 is in the way
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每次做心脏测试
10:35
of looking at the heart,
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都会考虑对乳房的影响,
10:37
every一切 time we order订购 something that has even a small amount of radiation辐射,
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哪怕小数量的辐射,
10:40
we say, "Do we really need that test测试?"
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我们也会说:“真有做这个测试的必要吗?”
10:42
So we're very excited兴奋 about M.R.
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我们对核磁共振非常兴奋。
10:44
You can't go and order订购 it yet然而,
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你们还不能现在就去使用它,
10:46
but this is an area of active活性 inquiry查询
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但这是个积极探究的领域,
10:48
where actually其实 studying研究 women妇女
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对女性的研究
10:50
is going to advance提前 the field领域 for women妇女 and men男人.
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将推进男性和女性的领域。
10:54
What are the downstream下游 consequences后果
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女性模式心脏病的
10:57
then, when female-pattern女模式 heart disease疾病
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未被识别的后果
11:00
is not recognized认可?
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是如何呢?
11:02
This is a figure数字
267
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这个数据
11:04
from an editorial社论 that I published发表
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是从我去年发表在
11:06
in the European欧洲的 Heart Journal日志 this last summer夏季.
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欧洲心脏杂志上的一片社论来的。
11:09
And it was just a pictogram形符
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这个象形图
11:11
to sort分类 of show显示
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显示,
11:13
why more women妇女 are dying垂死 of heart disease疾病,
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尽管我们知道
11:15
despite尽管 these good treatments治疗
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很多的有效的治疗法,
11:17
that we know and we have work.
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为什么还有更多的女性死于心脏病。
11:20
And when the woman女人
275
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当女性出现
11:22
has male-pattern男性型 disease疾病 --
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男性模式的病症--
11:24
so she looks容貌 like Barbara芭芭拉 in the movie电影 --
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就像电影里的芭芭拉一样,
11:27
they get treated治疗.
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她们才会得到医治。
11:29
And when you have female-pattern女模式 and you look like a woman女人,
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当你有女性模式的症状,但你看上去也是女性
11:32
as Barbara芭芭拉 does here with her husband丈夫,
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就像芭芭拉和她丈夫,
11:35
they don't get the treatment治疗.
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他们就得不到医治。
11:37
These are our life-saving救生 treatments治疗.
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这些都是挽救生命的疗法。
11:39
And those little red boxes盒子 are deaths死亡.
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这些小红框子是死亡的。
11:42
So those are the consequences后果.
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这些是后果。
11:44
And that is female-pattern女模式
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那个是女性模式,
11:46
and why we think the Yentl杨朵 syndrome综合征
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并且我们认为燕特尔综合症
11:48
actually其实 is explaining说明
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也确实解释了
11:50
a lot of these gaps空白.
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这些差距。
11:53
There's been wonderful精彩 news新闻 also
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对于研究女性方面
11:56
about studying研究 women妇女,
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有很多好消息,
11:58
finally最后, in heart disease疾病.
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最后终于轮到心脏病了。
12:00
And one of the the cutting-edge前沿 areas
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还有一个
12:02
that we're just incredibly令人难以置信 excited兴奋 about
293
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让我们异常兴奋的前沿领域
12:04
is stem cell细胞 therapy治疗.
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是干细胞疗法。
12:06
If you ask, what is the big difference区别
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如果你问,在生理上
12:09
between之间 women妇女 and men男人 physiologically生理?
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女性与男性的大的不同之处在哪?
12:11
Why are there women妇女 and men男人?
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为什么会有女性和男性?
12:14
Because women妇女 bring带来 new life into the world世界.
298
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因为女性把新生命带到世上。
12:17
That's all stem cells细胞.
299
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这全是干细胞。
12:19
So we hypothesized假设
300
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2000
我们假定
12:21
that female stem cells细胞 might威力 be better
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女性干细胞会很好地
12:24
at identifying识别 the injury,
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鉴别损伤,
12:27
doing some cellular细胞的 repair修理
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做些细胞修补
12:29
or even producing生产 new organs器官,
304
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或产生新的器官,
12:31
which哪一个 is one of the things
305
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2000
这就是我们正在尝试
12:33
that we're trying to do with stem cell细胞 therapy治疗.
306
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用干细胞疗法做到的。
12:36
These are female and male stem cells细胞.
307
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这就是女性和男性干细胞。
12:39
And if you had an injured受伤 organ器官,
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如果你的器官受损,
12:41
if you had a heart attack攻击
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或你心脏病发作,
12:43
and we wanted to repair修理 that injured受伤 area,
310
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我们想修复受伤的地方,
12:46
do you want those robust强大的,
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你想不想最先用
12:48
plentiful丰富 stem cells细胞 on the top最佳?
312
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这些强健又足够的干细胞?
12:51
Or do you want these guys,
313
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或者,你想他们
12:53
that look like they're out to lunch午餐?
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这样无精打采呢?
12:55
(Laughter笑声)
315
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(笑)
12:57
And some of our investigative研究 teams球队
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我们的一些调查团队
13:00
have demonstrated证明
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曾展示
13:02
that female stem cells细胞 --
318
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女性干细胞--
13:04
and this is in animals动物
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2000
这是动物的
13:06
and increasingly日益 we're showing展示 this in humans人类 --
320
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并且在人类也有增长-
13:08
that female stem cells细胞,
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就是当我们把女性干细胞
13:10
when put even into a male body身体,
322
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注入男性体内,
13:12
do better than male stem cells细胞
323
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它们比男性干细胞
13:15
going into a male body身体.
324
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工作得更好。
13:17
One of the things that we say
325
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我们讲的
13:19
about all of this female physiology生理 --
326
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女性生理之一
13:21
because again, as much as we're talking about women妇女 and heart disease疾病,
327
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因为我们在谈论女性与心脏病,
13:24
women妇女 do, on average平均,
328
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通常女性
13:26
have better longevity长寿 than men男人 --
329
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比男性长寿。
13:28
is that unfolding展开 the secrets秘密 of female physiology生理
330
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揭示和认识女性的
13:31
and understanding理解 that
331
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2000
生理秘密
13:33
is going to help men男人 and women妇女.
332
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将会帮助男性和女性。
13:36
So this is not a zero-sum零和 game游戏 in anyway无论如何.
333
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3000
这不是零合的游戏。
13:39
Okay, so here's这里的 where we started开始.
334
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好,我们从这里开始。
13:41
And remember记得, paths路径 crossed越过 in 1984,
335
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请记住,交叉点是在1984年,
13:45
and more and more women妇女
336
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越来越多的女性
13:47
were dying垂死 of cardiovascular心血管 disease疾病.
337
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死于心脏病。
13:49
What has happened发生 in the last 15 years年份 with this work?
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在过去的15年里都做了些什么?
13:52
We are bending弯曲 the curve曲线.
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这个曲线在打弯。
13:54
We're bending弯曲 the curve曲线.
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我们在折弯这条曲线。
13:56
So just like the breast乳房 cancer癌症 story故事,
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就像乳腺癌的故事,
13:59
doing research研究, getting得到 awareness意识 going,
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做些调查,让更多人认识到,
14:02
it works作品, you just have to get it going.
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它管用的,我们必须继续做下去。
14:05
Now are we happy快乐 with this?
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现在我们满意吗?
14:07
We still have two to three more women妇女 dying垂死 for every一切 man.
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女性的死亡率仍是男性的两到三倍。
14:10
And I would propose提出,
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那我提议,
14:12
with the better longevity长寿
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总的来说
14:14
that women妇女 have overall总体,
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女性比较长寿,
14:16
that women妇女 probably大概 should theoretically理论上 do better,
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如果我们女性得到医治,
14:18
if we could just get treated治疗.
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理论上我们的情况会更好。
14:20
So this is where we are,
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所以这是我们现在的状况,
14:23
but we have a long row to hoe.
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更艰巨的在后头。
14:25
We've我们已经 worked工作 on this for 15 years年份.
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我们已经工作了15年。
14:27
And I've told you, we've我们已经 been working加工 on male-pattern男性型 heart disease疾病
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我也说过,我们在男性心脏病上
14:30
for 50 years年份.
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已花了50年的时间。
14:32
So we're 35 years年份 behind背后.
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我们落后了35年。
14:34
And we'd星期三 like to think it's not going to take 35 years年份.
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我们愿意相信,不用再花35年的时间。
14:37
And in fact事实, it probably大概 won't惯于.
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事实上也许不会。
14:39
But we cannot不能 stop now.
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现在不能停步。
14:41
Too many许多 lives生活 are at stake赌注.
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太多生命处于危险。
14:44
So what do we need to do?
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我们需要做什么?
14:47
You now, hopefully希望, have a more personal个人 relationship关系
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希望大家跟你的心脏有个
14:49
with your heart.
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更好的个人关系。
14:51
Women妇女 have heard听说 the call
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女性听到了
14:53
for breast乳房 cancer癌症
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乳腺癌的呼声,
14:55
and they have come out
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大家就出来
14:57
for awareness意识 campaigns活动.
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做宣传活动。
14:59
The women妇女 are very good about getting得到 mammograms乳房X光检查 now.
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女性都知道做乳房X线照片。
15:02
And women妇女 do fundraising筹款.
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女性做筹款活动。
15:04
Women妇女 participate参加.
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女性积极参与。
15:06
They have put their money where their mouth is
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她们省吃俭用
15:08
and they have doneDONE advocacy拥护 and they have joined加盟 campaigns活动.
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她们参加宣传,她们参加各种活动。
15:11
This is what we need to do with heart disease疾病 now.
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我们对于心脏病也要这样做。
15:14
And it's political政治.
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这是政治。
15:16
Women's女士的 health健康, from a federal联邦 funding资金 standpoint立场,
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从联邦资金的角度看,
15:19
sometimes有时 it's popular流行,
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女性健康有时是受重视,
15:21
sometimes有时 it's not so popular流行.
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有时不受重视。
15:24
So we have these feast盛宴 and famine饥荒 cycles周期.
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这就我们有盛宴和饥荒的循环。
15:26
So I implore恳求 you
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我恳求大家
15:28
to join加入 the Red Dress连衣裙 Campaign运动
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去参加红衣活动
15:30
in this fundraising筹款.
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的筹款。
15:32
Breast乳房 cancer癌症, as we said,
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我们说乳腺癌
15:34
kills杀死 women妇女,
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害死妇女,
15:36
but heart disease疾病 kills杀死 a whole整个 bunch more.
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但心脏病害死更多。
15:39
So if we can be as good as breast乳房 cancer癌症
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所以,如果我们能做得像乳腺癌那样好,
15:41
and give women妇女 this new charge收费,
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给女性新的任务,
15:43
we have a lot of lives生活 to save保存.
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我们会拯救很多生命。
15:45
So thank you for your attention注意.
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谢谢您的关注。
15:47
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by Emma Zhao
Reviewed by wei lu

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
C. Noel Bairey Merz - Physician
C. Noel Bairey Merz is director of the Women's Heart Center at the Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, where she is a professor of medicine.

Why you should listen

C. Noel Bairey Merz, MD, holds the Women's Guild Endowed Chair in Women's Health, and is Director of the Women's Heart Center and the Preventive and Rehabilitative Cardiac Center in the Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, where she is a Professor of Medicine.

Dr. Bairey Merz's research interests include women and heart disease, mental stress and heart disease, the role of exercise and stress management in reversing disease, and the role of nutrition in heart disease. Currently, she is chair of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-sponsored WISE (Women's Ischemic Syndrome Evaluation) initiative.

Her work is supported by the Streisand Foundation.

Watch Barbra Streisand's passionate introduction of Dr. Bairey Merz at TEDxWomen >>

More profile about the speaker
C. Noel Bairey Merz | Speaker | TED.com