ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tim Berners-Lee - Inventor
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. He leads the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), overseeing the Web's standards and development.

Why you should listen

In the 1980s, scientists at CERN were asking themselves how massive, complex, collaborative projects -- like the fledgling LHC -- could be orchestrated and tracked. Tim Berners-Lee, then a contractor, answered by inventing the World Wide Web. This global system of hypertext documents, linked through the Internet, brought about a massive cultural shift ushered in by the new tech and content it made possible: AOL, eBay, Wikipedia, TED.com...

Berners-Lee is now director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), which maintains standards for the Web and continues to refine its design. Recently he has envisioned a "Semantic Web" -- an evolved version of the same system that recognizes the meaning of the information it carries. He's the 3Com Founders Professor of Engineering in the School of Engineering with a joint appointment in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Laboratory for Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence (CSAIL) at the MIT, where he also heads the Decentralized Information Group (DIG). He is also a Professor in the Electronics and Computer Science Department at the University of Southampton, UK.

More profile about the speaker
Tim Berners-Lee | Speaker | TED.com
TED2014

Tim Berners-Lee: A Magna Carta for the web

蒂姆·伯纳斯·李: 互联网大宪章

Filmed:
1,149,270 views

25年前,蒂姆·伯纳斯·李发明了万维网。所以我们应洗耳恭听他对我们的警告:我们正面临着一场战斗。网络中立性被侵蚀、资讯泡沫以及集权化大公司的控制都威胁着互联网的开放空间。用户需要为访问网络的权利和互联网的开放性而战斗。问题的关键是我们想要什么样的互联网?
- Inventor
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. He leads the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), overseeing the Web's standards and development. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
TEDTED is 30.
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TED三十岁了
00:14
The world世界 wide web卷筒纸 is celebrating庆祝 this month
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这个月万维网也将庆祝
00:17
its 25th anniversary周年.
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它的25岁生日
00:19
So I've got a question for you.
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因此我要问你们一个问题
00:22
Let's talk about the journey旅程, mainly主要 about the future未来.
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我们来谈谈这段旅程 主要关于未来的
00:26
Let's talk about the state.
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来谈谈这个国家
00:28
Let's talk about what sort分类 of a web卷筒纸 we want.
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来谈谈哪种互联网是我们想要的
00:30
So 25 years年份 ago, then, I was working加工 at CERNCERN.
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25年前 我还在欧洲核子研究中心工作
00:34
I got permission允许 in the end结束 after about a year
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一年后我终于得到了许可
00:36
to basically基本上 do it as a side project项目.
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将它主要地当作一个编外项目来做
00:39
I wrote the code.
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我写下了代码
00:40
I was I suppose假设 the first user用户.
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我想我应该是第一个用户
00:43
There was a lot of concern关心
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当时很担心
00:45
that people didn't want to pick it up
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因为它太过复杂
00:47
because it would be too complicated复杂.
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别们也许不愿意将它继续下去
00:49
A lot of persuasion劝说, a lot of wonderful精彩
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通过大量劝说
00:50
collaboration合作 with other people,
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与他人通力合作
00:52
and bit by bit, it worked工作.
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逐渐 它走上正轨
00:54
It took off. It was pretty漂亮 cool.
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它正式上线 真是太酷了
00:56
And in fact事实, a few少数 years年份 later后来 in 2000,
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事实上 几年之后的2000年
00:59
five percent百分 of the world世界 population人口
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全世界人口中的5%
01:03
were using运用 the world世界 wide web卷筒纸.
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都在使用万维网
01:05
In 2007, seven years年份 later后来, 17 percent百分.
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又过了7年 到2007年 上升到了17%
01:08
In 2008, we formed形成 the World世界 Wide Web卷筒纸 Foundation基础
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2008年 我们建立了万维网基金会
01:11
partly部分地 to look at that
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部分原因是考虑到这一点
01:13
and worry担心 about that figure数字.
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还有就是担心这个数字
01:16
And now here we are in 2014,
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现在我们步入2014年
01:18
and 40 percent百分 of the world世界
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全世界人口中的40%
01:20
are using运用 the world世界 wide web卷筒纸, and counting数数.
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都在使用万维网
01:24
Obviously明显 it's increasing增加.
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显然这个数字仍在增长
01:26
I want you to think about both sides双方 of that.
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我希望你们从两方面考虑一下这件事
01:29
Okay, obviously明显 to anybody任何人 here at TEDTED,
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显然 对于现场观众来说
01:32
the first question you ask is, what can we do
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要问的第一个问题就是 我们要怎样做
01:35
to get the other 60 percent百分 on board
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才能尽可能快的
01:37
as quickly很快 as possible可能?
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让剩下的60%也加入到万维网?
01:38
Lots of important重要 things. Obviously明显
it's going to be around mobile移动.
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要依靠很多设备 显然需要移动设备
01:40
But also, I want you to think about the 40 percent百分,
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但我希望你们也想一下那40%的人
01:42
because if you're sitting坐在 there yourself你自己
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因为如果你自己
01:44
sort分类 of with a web-enabled网络功能 life,
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生活在一个能够轻易上网的环境中
01:47
you don't remember记得 things anymore,
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你不再需要记忆什么东西
01:48
you just look them up,
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只要上上网就能查到想要的
01:50
then you may可能 feel that it's been a success成功
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你可能会觉得这是一个成功
01:54
and we can all sit back.
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然后我们就可以悠闲地生活
01:56
But in fact事实, yeah, it's been a success成功,
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但事实上 的确 这是一个成功
01:59
there's lots of things, Khan Academy学院
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互联网上有很多东西 有可汗学院
02:01
for crying哭了 out loud, there's Wikipedia维基百科,
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还有维基百科
02:03
there's a huge巨大 number of free自由 e-books电子书
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这里有大量的免费电子书
02:05
that you can read online线上,
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可供你在线阅读
02:06
lots of wonderful精彩 things for education教育,
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这里有大量关于教育的东西
02:08
things in many许多 areas.
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有各个领域的东西
02:10
Online线上 commerce商业 has in some cases
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电子商务在某些情况下
02:12
completely全然 turned转身 upside上边 down the
way commerce商业 works作品 altogether,
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彻底颠覆了整个商业活动的运作方式
02:15
made制作 types类型 of commerce商业 available可得到
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使得各种之前不可行的商业类型
02:17
which哪一个 weren't available可得到 at all before.
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变得可行
02:19
Commerce商业 has been almost几乎 universally举世 affected受影响.
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商业几乎全都受到了影响
02:22
Government政府, not universally举世 affected受影响,
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政府 没有全受到影响
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but very affected受影响, and on a good day,
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但也受到很大影响 然后某一天
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lots of open打开 data数据, lots of e-government电子政务,
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会出现大量开放数据 和网上政府
02:30
so lots of things which哪一个 are visible可见
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很多事在网络上
02:32
happening事件 on the web卷筒纸.
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都是显而易见的
02:34
Also, lots of things which哪一个 are less visible可见.
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同样 也有很多事情不那么明显
02:36
The healthcare卫生保健, late晚了 at night when they're worried担心
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比如 医疗方面的信息 人们在夜里
02:38
about what sort分类 of cancer癌症
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为他们所关心的人可能会患有
02:40
somebody they care关心 about might威力 have,
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哪种癌症而忧心忡忡
02:42
when they just talk across横过 the Internet互联网 to somebody
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或人们通过互联网
与身处异国的亲友聊天
02:47
who they care关心 about very much in another另一个 country国家.
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这些信息不需要被别人看到
02:52
Those sorts排序 of things are not, they're not out there,
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02:56
and in fact事实 they've他们已经 acquired后天
a certain某些 amount of privacy隐私.
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事实上他们需要一定的隐私
02:59
So we cannot不能 assume承担 that part部分 of the web卷筒纸,
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因此我们不能假设互联网的一部分
03:02
part部分 of the deal合同 with the web卷筒纸,
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互联网使用过程中的一部分
03:03
is when I use the web卷筒纸,
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就是当我使用网络时的
03:05
it's just a transparent透明, neutral中性 medium.
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它仅仅是一个透明的 中性的介质
03:08
I can talk to you over it without worrying令人担忧
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我可以通过它与你交谈 不用担心
03:10
about what we in fact事实 now know is happening事件,
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那些实际上我们知道正在发生的事
03:13
without worrying令人担忧 about the fact事实
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不用去担心
03:16
that not only will surveillance监控 be happening事件
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自己不仅会受到监控
03:18
but it'll它会 be doneDONE by people who may可能 abuse滥用 the data数据.
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还会受到一些可能滥用数据的人监控
03:21
So in fact事实, something we realized实现,
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所以实际上 我们意识到了一些事
03:22
we can't just use the web卷筒纸,
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我们并不只是使用互联网
03:23
we have to worry担心 about
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还不得不担心
03:25
what the underlying底层 infrastructure基础设施 of the whole整个 thing,
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整个的底层基础结构
03:29
is it in fact事实 of a quality质量 that we need?
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实际上达到我们所需的质量了吗?
03:33
We revel陶醉 in the fact事实 that we
have this wonderful精彩 free自由 speech言语.
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我们得意于我们拥有这种极好的言论自由
03:38
We can tweet鸣叫, and oh, lots and lots of people
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我们可以发微博 很多人
03:41
can see our tweets微博, except when they can't,
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可以看到我们发的内容 除非他上不了
03:44
except when actually其实 Twitter推特
is blocked受阻 from their country国家,
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除非他们国家屏蔽了推特
03:47
or in some way the way we try to express表现 ourselves我们自己
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某种程度上 我们在试图表达自己的过程中
03:50
has put some information信息
about the state of ourselves我们自己,
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加入了一些关于自己状态
03:53
the state of the country国家 we live生活 in,
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关于我们生活的国家的状态的信息
03:55
which哪一个 isn't available可得到 to anybody任何人 else其他.
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而这些信息不能给别人看
03:57
So we must必须 protest抗议 and make sure
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因此我们必须抗议并确保
04:00
that censorship审查 is cut down,
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审查制度被废除
04:02
that the web卷筒纸 is opened打开 up
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要让存在审查制度
04:04
where there is censorship审查.
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地方的网络保持开放
04:06
We love the fact事实 that the web卷筒纸 is open打开.
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我们热爱互联网是开放的这一事实
04:09
It allows允许 us to talk. Anybody任何人 can talk to anybody任何人.
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它让我们交谈 任何一个人都能与他人交谈
04:11
It doesn't matter who we are.
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不管我们是谁都无所谓
04:13
And then we join加入 these big
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然后我们加入那些
04:14
social社会 networking联网 companies公司
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飞速成立的
04:17
which哪一个 are in fact事实 effectively有效 built内置 as silos筒仓,
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大型社交网络公司
04:20
so that it's much easier更轻松 to talk to somebody
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这使得跟同一社交网络中的人交谈
04:22
in the same相同 social社会 network网络
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比跟不同社交网络中的人交谈
04:24
than it is to talk to somebody in a different不同 one,
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要容易很多
04:26
so in fact事实 we're sometimes有时 limiting限制 ourselves我们自己.
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所以事实上 我们有时会限制住自己
04:31
And we also have, if you've read
the book about the filter过滤 bubble泡沫,
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而且 如果你读过关于“过滤泡沫”的书
04:34
the filter过滤 bubble泡沫 phenomenon现象 is that
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过滤泡沫现象就是
04:36
we love to use machines
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我们爱借助机器
04:37
which哪一个 help us find stuff东东 we like.
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帮自己找到喜欢的东西
04:40
So we love it when we're bathed沐浴 in
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因此 我们爱沉浸在
04:42
what things we like to click点击 on,
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自己点击进去的内容里
04:44
and so the machine automatically自动 feeds供稿 us
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机器自动为我们提供
04:46
the stuff东东 that we like and we end结束 up
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我们喜欢的东西 然后我们
04:47
with this rose-colored玫瑰色 spectacles眼镜 view视图 of the world世界
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最后会觉得这个世界十分美好
04:52
called a filter过滤 bubble泡沫.
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这就叫做过滤泡沫
04:54
So here are some of the things which哪一个 maybe
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这里存在一些可能威胁到
04:56
threaten威胁 the social社会 web卷筒纸 we have.
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我们现有的社交网络的东西
04:59
What sort分类 of web卷筒纸 do you want?
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哪种的互联网是你想要的?
05:01
I want one which哪一个 is not
fragmented支离破碎 into lots of pieces,
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我希望互联网不会分裂成很多碎片
05:04
as some countries国家 have been suggesting提示
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就像一些国家一直暗示
05:06
they should do in reaction反应 to recent最近 surveillance监控.
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他们应该对最近的监控事件做出反应
05:09
I want a web卷筒纸 which哪一个 has got, for example,
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我希望互联网拥有 比如说
05:13
is a really good basis基础 for democracy民主.
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一个良好的民主的基础
05:16
I want a web卷筒纸 where I can use healthcare卫生保健
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我希望能在互联网上
05:21
with privacy隐私 and where there's a lot
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接受隐私有保障的医疗服务
05:22
of health健康 data数据, clinical临床 data数据 is available可得到
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网上有许多健康数据 临床数据
05:25
to scientists科学家们 to do research研究.
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可供科学家做研究
05:27
I want a web卷筒纸 where the other 60 percent百分
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我希望另外60%的人
05:30
get on board as fast快速 as possible可能.
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也能尽快加入互联网
05:33
I want a web卷筒纸 which哪一个 is such这样
a powerful强大 basis基础 for innovation革新
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我想要的互联网创新强有力的基础
05:37
that when something nasty讨厌 happens发生,
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当一些不好的事情发生时
05:39
some disaster灾害 strikes罢工, that we can respond响应
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当灾难垄来时 我们可以
05:41
by building建造 stuff东东 to respond响应 to it very quickly很快.
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迅速应对
05:45
So this is just some of the things that I want,
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以上只是我所愿望清单的一部分
05:48
from a big list名单, obviously明显 it's longer.
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很明显这份清单很长
05:50
You have your list名单.
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你们也有自己的清单
05:51
I want us to use this 25th anniversary周年
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我希望我们利用这个25周年纪念
05:54
to think about what sort分类 of a web卷筒纸 we want.
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去思考一下我们想要什么样的网络
05:57
You can go to webatwebat25.org组织
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你可以登陆webat25.org
05:59
and find some links链接.
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找到一些链接
06:00
There are lots of sites网站 where people
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很多网站上
06:01
have started开始 to put together一起 a Magna麦格纳 Carta宪章,
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人们已经开始起草一部大宪章
06:04
a bill法案 of rights权利 for the web卷筒纸.
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一部关于互联网权益的法案
06:05
How about we do that?
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我们要怎么做?
06:07
How about we decide决定, these are, in a way,
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我们如何决策 这些 在某种程度上
06:11
becoming变得 fundamental基本的 rights权利, the right
to communicate通信 with whom I want.
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会成为基本权利 与我想要交流的人去交流的权利
06:15
What would be on your list名单 for that Magna麦格纳 Carta宪章?
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你想要在这样一部大宪章中加入哪些条目呢?
06:17
Let's crowdsource众包 a Magna麦格纳 Carta宪章
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让我们共同完成一部
06:20
for the web卷筒纸.
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互联网大宪章
06:22
Let's do that this year.
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让我们今年就开始做
06:24
Let's use the energy能源 from the 25th anniversary周年
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让我们借25周年纪念的能量
06:27
to crowdsource众包 a Magna麦格纳 Carta宪章
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将大宪章众包
06:30
to the web卷筒纸. (Applause掌声)
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给互联网(掌声)
06:31
Thank you. And do me a favor偏爱, will you?
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谢谢 请帮我一个忙 可以吗?
06:36
Fight斗争 for it for me. Okay? Thanks谢谢.
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请为我而战 好吗?谢谢
06:38
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by chunhua zhang
Reviewed by Justine Bai

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tim Berners-Lee - Inventor
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. He leads the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), overseeing the Web's standards and development.

Why you should listen

In the 1980s, scientists at CERN were asking themselves how massive, complex, collaborative projects -- like the fledgling LHC -- could be orchestrated and tracked. Tim Berners-Lee, then a contractor, answered by inventing the World Wide Web. This global system of hypertext documents, linked through the Internet, brought about a massive cultural shift ushered in by the new tech and content it made possible: AOL, eBay, Wikipedia, TED.com...

Berners-Lee is now director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), which maintains standards for the Web and continues to refine its design. Recently he has envisioned a "Semantic Web" -- an evolved version of the same system that recognizes the meaning of the information it carries. He's the 3Com Founders Professor of Engineering in the School of Engineering with a joint appointment in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Laboratory for Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence (CSAIL) at the MIT, where he also heads the Decentralized Information Group (DIG). He is also a Professor in the Electronics and Computer Science Department at the University of Southampton, UK.

More profile about the speaker
Tim Berners-Lee | Speaker | TED.com