ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sinéad Burke - Writer, educator
Sinéad Burke amplifies voices and instigates curious conversations.

Why you should listen

Since her first days of elementary school, Sinéad Burke has understood the power of education to combat ignorance, to challenge the status quo and to give agency to the most vulnerable. She wanted to become a teacher -- one who ensured that children felt represented, listened to and safe in her classroom -- and she graduated at the top of her class, receiving the Vere Foster Medal from Marino Institute of Education.

Through writing, public speaking and social media, Burke highlights the lack of inclusivity within the fashion industry and encourages the industry to design for and with disabled people. She critiques the ways in which the media talks about and to women, offering an alternative conversation that celebrates the achievements of others with her "Extraordinary Women" interview series.

Burke has visited schools, workplaces, government agencies and the White House to facilitate honest conversations about education, disability, fashion and accessibility. She advocates for the inclusion of all and challenges officials to legislate with most marginalized in our communities.

Bure is currently undertaking a PhD in Trinity College, Dublin on human rights education that specifically comments on the ways in which schools allow children to have a voice. She values kindness, empathy and volunteerism, and she is an ambassador for the Irish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children and the Irish Girl Guides.

More profile about the speaker
Sinéad Burke | Speaker | TED.com
TEDNYC

Sinéad Burke: Why design should include everyone

Sinead Burke: 为什么设计应该考虑到每个人

Filmed:
1,435,325 views

Sinéad Burke 对许多我们很多人视而不见的细节有很敏锐的感受。105 厘米(或3英寸5英尺)的身高,设计的世界里——从一把锁的高度到一系列鞋子的尺寸——常常阻碍了她独立做事情的能力。在此,她告诉了我们作为一个小人在这个世界中生存是什么样的体验,然后她提出问题:”我们的设计忽略了谁?”
- Writer, educator
Sinéad Burke amplifies voices and instigates curious conversations. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
I want to give you a new perspective透视.
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我想要给你们提供一个新的视角。
00:16
That sounds声音 grandiose雄伟, and it is.
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听起来很壮阔,它的确是的。
00:19
I left Ireland爱尔兰 yesterday昨天 morning早上.
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我昨天早上从爱尔兰出发,
00:21
I traveled旅行 from Dublin都柏林 to New York纽约
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自己一个人从都柏林
00:24
independently独立地.
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来到纽约。
00:26
But the design设计 of an airport飞机场,
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但是机场,飞机和
00:28
plane平面 and terminal终奌站
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航站楼的设计,
没有为一个身高105.5厘米的人
提供独立自主旅行的机会。
00:30
offers报价 little independence独立 when
you're 105 and a half centimeters公分 tall.
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00:35
For Americans美国人, that's 3' 5".
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对于美国人来说,那是3英尺5英寸。
00:39
I was whisked护送 through通过 the airport飞机场
by airline航空公司 assistants助理 in a wheelchair轮椅.
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我被机场助理人员用
轮椅护送通过机场。
00:44
Now, I don't need to use a wheelchair轮椅,
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我并不需要使用轮椅,
00:47
but the design设计 of an airport飞机场
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但是机场的设计
00:49
and its lack缺乏 of accessibility无障碍
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和无障碍设施的缺乏,
00:52
means手段 that it's my only way
to get through通过.
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使得轮椅成为了我
通过机场的唯一方式。
00:55
With my carry-on继续 bag between之间 my feet,
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我把背包夹在两脚中间,
00:58
I was wheeled轮式 through通过
security安全, preclearance事先批准
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被轮椅推动着穿过
安检,提前清检,
01:01
and I arrived到达 at my boarding登机 gate.
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然后我到达了登机口。
01:04
I use the accessibility无障碍
services服务 in the airport飞机场
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我用机场的无障碍服务设施,
01:07
because most of the terminal终奌站
is just not designed设计 with me in mind心神.
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因为大部分航站楼的设计
没有将我这样的人考虑在内。
01:11
Take security安全, for example.
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拿安检来说。
01:14
I'm not strong强大 enough足够
to lift电梯 my carry-on继续 bag
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我没有足够的力气
将随身携带的背包
01:17
from the ground地面 to the carousel圆盘传送带.
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从地上抬起放到传送带上。
01:20
I stand at eye level水平 with it.
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我站着的时候视线
是和传送带水平的。
01:22
And those who work in that space空间
for safety安全 purposes目的 cannot不能 help me
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安检工作人员并不能够帮助我,
01:27
and cannot不能 do it for me.
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也不能为我做这些。
01:30
Design设计 inhibits抑制 my autonomy自治
and my independence独立.
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(这种)设计阻碍了
我的自主性和独立性。
01:35
But traveling旅行 at this size尺寸,
it isn't all bad.
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但是以我这样的尺寸旅游,
并不总是有弊无利。
01:38
The leg room房间 in economy经济
is like business商业 class.
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经济舱的空间对我来说
就像是商务舱。
01:41
(Laughter笑声)
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(观众笑声)
01:44
I often经常 forget忘记 that I'm a little person.
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我常常忘记了自己身材矮小。
01:47
It's the physical物理 environment环境
and society社会 that remind提醒 me.
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是这个物理世界和社会
在时常提醒着我。
01:52
Using运用 a public上市 bathroom浴室
is an excruciating痛苦 experience经验.
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使用公共洗手间
是一个极度痛苦的经历。
01:56
I walk步行 into the cubicle
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我走进洗手间的隔间,
01:59
but I can't reach达到 the lock on the door.
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但是摸不到门上的锁。
02:01
I'm creative创作的 and resilient弹性.
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我是很有创造性和韧性的。
02:05
I look around and see if there's
a bin箱子 that I can turn upside上边 down.
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我看看周围是否有一个
桶可以让我扣过来(踩上去)。
02:09
Is it safe安全?
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这安全吗?
02:11
Not really.
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不安全。
02:12
Is it hygienic卫生 and sanitary卫浴?
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干净卫生吗?
02:15
Definitely无疑 not.
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绝对不是。
02:17
But the alternative替代 is much worse更差.
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但是其它选择更糟糕。
02:20
If that doesn't work, I use my phone电话.
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如果那不管用,我就用手机。
02:23
It gives me an additional额外
four-四- to six-inch六英寸 reach达到,
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它给了我额外4到6英寸的高度,
我尝试着用手机去推上门锁。
02:26
and I try to jam果酱 the lock closed关闭
with my iPhone苹果手机.
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02:29
Now, I imagine想像 that's not what Jony简妮 Ive学院
had in mind心神 when he designed设计 the iPhone苹果手机,
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我可以想象这不是乔纳森 · 埃维
当初设计苹果的目的,
02:34
but it works作品.
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但是这很好用。
02:36
The alternative替代
is that I approach途径 a stranger陌生人.
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其它选择是我去找
陌生人寻求帮助。
02:40
I apologize道歉 profusely丰富地
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我经常要道歉,
02:42
and I ask them to stand guard守卫
outside my cubicle door.
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让人们站在我的
独立间门外帮我看着。
02:47
They do
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他们帮了这个忙,
02:48
and I emerge出现 grateful感激
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然后我很感激,
02:51
but absolutely绝对 mortified羞愧,
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但也难免羞愧,
02:54
and hope希望 that they didn't notice注意
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我希望他们没有注意到
02:55
that I left the bathroom浴室
without washing洗涤 my hands.
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我没有洗手就离开了洗手间。
02:59
I carry携带 hand sanitizer洗手液 with me
every一切 single day
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我每天随身携带净手液,
03:03
because the sink水槽, soap肥皂 dispenser饮水机,
hand dryer烘干机 and mirror镜子
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因为洗手池,皂液器,
干手机以及镜子,
我统统都够不到。
03:08
are all out of my reach达到.
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03:11
Now, the accessible无障碍 bathroom浴室
is somewhat有些 of an option选项.
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无障碍洗手间从某种程度上说
是我的一个选择。
在那里,我可以够到门上的锁,
03:13
In this space空间, I can reach达到
the lock on the door,
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03:16
the sink水槽, the soap肥皂 dispenser饮水机,
the hand dryer烘干机 and the mirror镜子.
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洗手池,皂液器,
干手机以及镜子,
03:22
Yet然而, I cannot不能 use the toilet厕所.
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然而,我够不到马桶。
03:26
It is deliberately故意 designed设计 higher更高
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它的设计比一般马桶高,
03:29
so that wheelchair轮椅 users用户
can transfer转让 across横过 with ease缓解.
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让坐在轮椅上的人
可以轻易从轮椅转到马桶上。
03:33
This is a wonderful精彩
and necessary必要 innovation革新,
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这是一个很棒的,
而且很有必要的创新。
03:37
but in the design设计 world世界, when we describe描述
a new project项目 or idea理念 as accessible无障碍,
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但是在设计世界里,当我们描述
一个无障碍的新项目或新概念时,
03:42
what does that mean?
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是什么意思呢?
03:44
Who is it accessible无障碍 to?
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对谁是无障碍的?
03:47
And whose谁的 needs需求
are not being存在 accommodated容纳 for?
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哪些人的需要没有被
纳入考虑范围之内?
03:52
Now, the bathroom浴室 is an example
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洗手间是一个
设计打击了我的尊严的例子。
03:53
of where design设计 impinges撞击 upon my dignity尊严,
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03:56
but the physical物理 environment环境 impacts影响
upon me in much more casual随便 ways方法 too,
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但是物理环境也在时时影响着我,
04:01
something as simple简单
as ordering排序 a cup杯子 of coffee咖啡.
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一些简单的就如买咖啡这样的事情。
04:04
Now, I'll admit承认 it.
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现在,我承认,
04:06
I drink far too much coffee咖啡.
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我喝了太多的咖啡。
04:08
My order订购 is a skinny枯瘦 vanilla香草 latte拿铁,
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我通常会要一杯细长的香草拿铁,
04:11
but I'm trying
to wean断奶 myself off the syrup糖浆.
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但是尝试着不去加糖浆。
04:14
But the coffee咖啡 shop,
it's not designed设计 well,
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但是咖啡店设计得不够周到,
04:17
at least最小 not for me.
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至少对我来说。
04:19
Queuing排队, I'm standing常设
beside the pastry糕点 cabinet内阁
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我站在糕点橱窗旁边排队,
04:22
and the barista咖啡师 calls电话 for the next下一个 order订购.
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咖啡师叫了下一个人点单。
04:25
"Next下一个, please!" they shout.
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“下一位顾客!”他们叫道。
04:28
They can't see me.
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他们看不见我。
04:30
The person next下一个 to me in the queue队列
points to my existence存在
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队伍中站在我旁边的人
将我指给他们看,
04:33
and everyone大家 is embarrassed尴尬.
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然后每个人都很尴尬。
04:36
I order订购 as quick as I can
and I move移动 along沿 to collect搜集 my coffee咖啡.
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我尽可能的快速点单,
然后去拿我的咖啡。
04:40
Now, think just for a second第二.
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现在,稍微想一下。
04:43
Where do they put it?
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他们把咖啡放在哪里了?
04:45
Up high and without a lid.
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高高的柜台上,还没有盖子。
04:48
Reaching到达 up to collect搜集 a coffee咖啡
that I have paid支付 for
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伸手去拿一杯我付过钱的咖啡,
04:51
is an incredibly令人难以置信 dangerous危险 experience经验.
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是一件十分危险的事情。
04:54
But design设计 also impinges撞击
on the clothes衣服 that I want to wear穿.
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不仅如此,设计也影响了
我想穿的衣服。
我想要的衣物是那种
可以突出我个性的。
04:57
I want garments服装
that reflect反映 my personality个性.
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05:01
It's difficult to find
in the childrenswear童装 department.
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但在儿童装里很难
发现那样的款式。
05:04
And often经常 womenswear女装
requires要求 far too many许多 alterations改变.
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而且正常女装常常需要
做很多的改动。
05:08
I want shoes that affect影响 my maturity到期,
professionalism敬业精神 and sophistication诡辩.
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我想要能够突出我的
成熟,职业性和高雅的鞋子。
05:14
Instead代替, I'm offered提供 sneakers球鞋
with Velcro尼龙搭扣 straps and light-up点亮 shoes.
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然而,我常常被推荐带自粘搭扣的
球鞋和会发光的鞋。
05:19
Now, I'm not totally完全 opposed反对
to light-up点亮 shoes.
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现在,我对发光的鞋已经不那么抗拒了。
05:23
(Laughter笑声)
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(观众笑声)
05:25
But design设计 also impacts影响
on such这样 simple简单 things,
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但是设计也在影响着
如此简单的事情,
比如坐在椅子上。
05:28
like sitting坐在 on a chair椅子.
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05:30
I cannot不能 go from a standing常设
to a seating休息 position位置 with grace恩典.
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我不能优雅地进行
从站立到坐在椅子上的转换。
05:35
Due应有 to the standards标准
of design设计 heights高度 of chairs椅子,
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因为椅子设计高度的标准,
05:38
I have to crawl爬行 on my hands and knees膝盖
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我不得不用上手和膝盖,
05:41
just to get on top最佳 of it,
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仅仅是为了爬到椅子上面。
05:42
whilst同时 also being存在 conscious意识
that it might威力 tip小费 over at any stage阶段.
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而且尽管如此小心,
还是有可能随时翻倒。
05:48
But whilst同时 design设计 impacts影响 on me
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但是当设计影响到了我,
05:49
whether是否 it's a chair椅子,
a bathroom浴室, a coffee咖啡 shop, or clothes衣服,
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不论是一张椅子,一个洗手间,
一家咖啡店,或是衣物,
05:54
I rely依靠 on and benefit效益
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我都依靠,并享受着
陌生人的善意。
05:57
from the kindness善良 of strangers陌生人.
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06:01
But not everybody每个人 is so nice不错.
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然而不是每个人都那么友善。
06:04
I'm reminded提醒 that I'm a little person
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每当有陌生人对我指指点点,
盯着我,
06:07
when a stranger陌生人 points,
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06:09
stares凝视,
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嘲笑我,
06:11
laughs,
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给我取绰号,
06:13
calls电话 me a name名称,
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或是拍下我的照片,
06:15
or takes a photograph照片 of me.
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我都会想到自己的身材缺陷。
06:17
This happens发生 almost几乎 every一切 day.
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这种事几乎每天都会发生。
06:20
With the rise上升 of social社会 media媒体,
it has given特定 me an opportunity机会
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随着社交网络的普及,
它给了我一个机会
和一个平台去作为一个博主
和行动家,发出自己的声音,
06:23
and a platform平台 to have a voice语音
as a blogger博客 and as an activist活动家,
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06:28
but it has also made制作 me nervous紧张
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但它也让我紧张,
在没有经过我同意的情况下,
06:30
that I might威力 become成为 a meme米姆
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我也许会成为一个表情包,
06:32
or a viral病毒 sensation感觉,
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06:35
all without my consent同意.
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或者信息被四处传播。
06:38
So let's take a moment时刻 right now
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那么,现在让我们
06:40
to make something very clear明确.
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来澄清一些事情。
06:43
The word "midget侏儒" is a slur诽谤.
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“侏儒”这个词是一个侮辱。
06:47
It evolved进化 from PT Barnum's巴纳姆的 era时代
of circuses马戏团 and freak怪物 shows节目.
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它从PT Barnum时代的马戏
和畸形秀进化而来。
06:52
Society社会 has evolved进化.
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社会已经进化了。
06:55
So should our vocabulary词汇.
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我们的词汇也应如此。
06:57
Language语言 is a powerful强大 tool工具.
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语言是一个强大的工具。
它不仅仅只给我们的社会命名,
07:00
It does not just name名称 our society社会.
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07:02
It shapes形状 it.
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也会对它进行塑造。
07:04
I am incredibly令人难以置信 proud骄傲
to be a little person,
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作为一个小个子的人,
我感到无限的自豪,
07:08
to have inherited遗传
the condition条件 of achondroplasia软骨发育不全.
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我继承了软骨发育
不全症的状况。
但是最让我自豪的,是做我自己。
07:11
But I am most proud骄傲 to be Sinead辛内.
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07:14
Achondroplasia软骨发育不全 is
the most common共同 form形成 of dwarfism侏儒症.
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软骨发育不全症是侏儒里
最常见的一种。
07:18
Achondroplasia软骨发育不全 translates转换
as "without cartilage软骨 formation编队."
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软骨发育不全症被翻译成
“没有软骨的形成”。
07:22
I have short limbs四肢
and achondroplastic软骨发育不全 facial面部 features特征,
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我有短小的四肢
和软骨发育不全症的脸部特征,
07:26
my forehead前额 and my nose鼻子.
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我的额头和我的鼻子。
07:29
My arms武器 do not straighten弄直 fully充分,
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我的手臂不能完全伸直,
但是我可以舔到我的手肘。
07:32
but I can lick my elbow弯头.
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07:34
I'm not showing展示 you that one.
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我不会展示给你们看的。
07:37
Achondroplasia软骨发育不全 occurs发生 in approximately
one in every一切 20,000 births出生.
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软骨发育不全症大概在
每2万个新生婴儿中会有一个。
07:42
80 percent百分 of little people
are born天生 to two average-height平均身高 parents父母.
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80%小个子的人有
身高正常的双亲。
07:47
That means手段 that anybody任何人 in this room房间
could have a child儿童 with achondroplasia软骨发育不全.
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那意味着在场的任何人,
都有可能生育软骨发育不全的后代。
07:51
Yet然而, I inherited遗传 my condition条件 from my dad.
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然而,我继承了我父亲的状况。
07:55
I'd like to show显示 you a photo照片 of my family家庭.
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我想要给你们看我的家庭照片。
07:59
My mother母亲 is average平均 height高度,
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我母亲身高正常,
我父亲个子矮小,
08:01
my father父亲 is a little person
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我是五个孩子中最年长的。
08:03
and I am the eldest最年长 of five children孩子.
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08:06
I have three sisters姐妹 and one brother哥哥.
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我有三个妹妹和一个弟弟。
08:09
They are all average平均 height高度.
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他们身高也都正常。
08:12
I am incredibly令人难以置信 fortunate幸运
to have been born天生 into a family家庭
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我对于能够出生在那个家庭里
感到无限的幸运,
它培养了我的
好奇心和坚韧的性格,
08:15
that cultivated
my curiosity好奇心 and my tenacity韧性,
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08:19
that protected保护 me from the unkindness无情
and ignorance无知 of strangers陌生人
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这在陌生人的恶意和
忽视面前起到了保护作用,
而且给予了我毅力,
创造力和自信,
08:24
and that armed武装 me with the resilience弹性,
creativity创造力 and confidence置信度
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我需要这些品格在这个
社会环境中生存和有所作为。
08:28
that I needed需要 to survive生存 and manipulate操作
the physical物理 environment环境 and society社会.
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08:34
If I was to pinpoint查明 any reason原因
why I am successful成功,
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如果要指出任何
我成功的原因,
08:38
it is because I was
and I am a loved喜爱 child儿童,
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那是因为我一直都是一个
受到疼爱的孩子,
08:43
now, a loved喜爱 child儿童
with a lot of sass上海社会科学院 and sarcasm讽刺,
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一个被人疼爱的孩子
也会无理取闹和挖苦别人,
但不论怎样,一直都被宠爱着。
08:47
but a loved喜爱 child儿童 nonetheless尽管如此,.
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08:50
In giving you an insight眼光
into who I am today今天
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在介绍了我是谁的同时,
08:54
I wanted to offer提供 you a new perspective透视.
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我也想给你们一个新的视角。
08:57
I wanted to challenge挑战 the idea理念
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我想要挑战那个关于
设计是一个创造
功能和美丽的概念。
08:58
that design设计 is but a tool工具
to create创建 function功能 and beauty美女.
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09:03
Design设计 greatly非常 impacts影响
upon people's人们 lives生活,
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设计在很大程度上
影响着人们的生活,
09:07
all lives生活.
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所有人的生活。
09:09
Design设计 is a way in which哪一个
we can feel included包括 in the world世界,
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设计使我们感受到了
我们是被包容在这个世界里的,
同时也是一个我们可以用来
维护一个人尊严
09:13
but it is also a way in which哪一个
we can uphold坚持 a person's人的 dignity尊严
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和人权的方式。
09:17
and their human人的 rights权利.
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09:19
Design设计 can also inflict造成 vulnerability漏洞
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设计也可以让那些
需求被忽略的人产生脆弱感。
09:22
on a group whose谁的 needs需求 aren't considered考虑.
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09:26
So today今天, I want
your perceptions看法 challenged挑战.
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所以,今天,我想要
挑战你们的看法。
09:30
Who are we not designing设计 for?
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我们在设计中忽略了谁?
我们如何放大他们的声音
09:33
How can we amplify放大 their voices声音
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以及他们的体验?
09:35
and their experiences经验?
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09:38
What is the next下一个 step?
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下一步是什么?
09:40
Design设计 is an enormous巨大 privilege特权,
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设计是一个巨大的特权,
同时也是一个更大的责任。
09:43
but it is a bigger responsibility责任.
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09:45
I want you to open打开 your eyes眼睛.
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我想要你们睁开眼睛,仔细观察。
09:48
Thank you so much.
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非常感谢。
09:50
(Applause掌声)
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(观众掌声)
Translated by Chen Zou
Reviewed by Anney Ye

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sinéad Burke - Writer, educator
Sinéad Burke amplifies voices and instigates curious conversations.

Why you should listen

Since her first days of elementary school, Sinéad Burke has understood the power of education to combat ignorance, to challenge the status quo and to give agency to the most vulnerable. She wanted to become a teacher -- one who ensured that children felt represented, listened to and safe in her classroom -- and she graduated at the top of her class, receiving the Vere Foster Medal from Marino Institute of Education.

Through writing, public speaking and social media, Burke highlights the lack of inclusivity within the fashion industry and encourages the industry to design for and with disabled people. She critiques the ways in which the media talks about and to women, offering an alternative conversation that celebrates the achievements of others with her "Extraordinary Women" interview series.

Burke has visited schools, workplaces, government agencies and the White House to facilitate honest conversations about education, disability, fashion and accessibility. She advocates for the inclusion of all and challenges officials to legislate with most marginalized in our communities.

Bure is currently undertaking a PhD in Trinity College, Dublin on human rights education that specifically comments on the ways in which schools allow children to have a voice. She values kindness, empathy and volunteerism, and she is an ambassador for the Irish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children and the Irish Girl Guides.

More profile about the speaker
Sinéad Burke | Speaker | TED.com

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