TED2010
Robert Gupta: Music is medicine, music is sanity
Robert Gupta:音乐是良药，音乐令人心智健全
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洛杉矶交响乐团的小提琴家Robert Gupta, 讲述了他给一个优秀的精神分裂症患者教授音乐的故事，以及他的体会。演讲之后， Gupta再次被请上舞台表演了从巴赫的大提琴第一组曲改编的小提琴前奏
Robert Gupta - Violinist
Violinist Robert Gupta joined the LA Philharmonic at the age of 19 -- and maintains a passionate parallel interest in neurobiology and mental health issues. He's a TED Senior Fellow. Full bio
Violinist Robert Gupta joined the LA Philharmonic at the age of 19 -- and maintains a passionate parallel interest in neurobiology and mental health issues. He's a TED Senior Fellow. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
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One day, Los Angeles Times columnist
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有一天， 洛杉矶时报的专栏作家
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Steve Lopez was walking along
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Steve Lopez走在洛杉矶
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the streets of downtown Los Angeles
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大街上
00:22
when he heard beautiful music.
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听到一曲美妙的乐曲
00:25
And the source was a man,
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音乐是从一个男人
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an African-American man,
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一个非裔男人
00:29
charming, rugged, homeless,
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一个颇有魅力， 粗旷的流浪汉
00:33
playing a violin that only had two strings.
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用一把只剩下两根弦的小提琴在演奏
00:36
And I'm telling a story that many of you know,
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我现在要讲的这个故事你们很多人已经知道了
00:38
because Steve's columns became the basis
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因为Steve的专栏后来成了一本
00:41
for a book, which was turned into a movie,
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书的基础，然后又被拍成电影
00:44
with Robert Downey Jr. acting as Steve Lopez,
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其中Robert Downey Jr 扮演Steve Lopez
00:46
and Jamie Foxx as Nathaniel Anthony Ayers,
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Jamie Foxx扮演了Nathaniel Anthony Ayer
00:49
the Juilliard-trained double bassist
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他原本是茱莉亚音乐学院培训的双重贝斯手
00:51
whose promising career was cut short
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不料他的职业生涯
00:54
by a tragic affliction with paranoid schizophrenia.
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却因为患上偏执型精神分裂症而不幸中断
00:58
Nathaniel dropped out of Juilliard, he suffered a complete breakdown,
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Nathaniel从茱莉亚音乐学院辍学，他完全崩溃了
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and 30 years later he was living homeless
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30年后的他流落在
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on the streets of Skid Row in downtown Los Angeles.
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洛杉矶 Skid Row 大街上无家可归
01:06
I encourage all of you to read Steve's book or to watch the movie
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我鼓励大家都去看看Steve的书， 或者看看电影
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to understand not only the beautiful bond
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不光是去理解这两个男人之间
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that formed between these two men,
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建立的美好的纽带
01:14
but how music helped shape that bond,
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而且也看看音乐是如果帮助建立这种纽带的
01:17
and ultimately was instrumental -- if you'll pardon the pun --
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而那是最终改变Nathaniel流浪
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in helping Nathaniel get off the streets.
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生活的最有用的工具
01:24
I met Mr. Ayers in 2008,
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我和Ayers 先生在2008年相见
01:26
two years ago, at Walt Disney Concert Hall.
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那是两年前在迪斯尼音乐厅
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He had just heard a performance of Beethoven's First and Fourth symphonies,
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他才听了贝多芬第一，第四交响乐
01:31
and came backstage and introduced himself.
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到后天来自我介绍
01:33
He was speaking in a very jovial and gregarious way
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他说话很愉快，很合群
01:36
about Yo-Yo Ma and Hillary Clinton
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提到了马友友和希拉里.克林顿
01:39
and how the Dodgers were never going to make the World Series,
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道奇队不可能进入世界联赛
01:41
all because of the treacherous first violin passage work
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而这都是因为最后一刻贝多芬第四交响乐中
01:44
in the last movement of Beethoven's Fourth Symphony.
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开始的那段变幻莫测的小提琴演奏起的作用
01:48
And we got talking about music, and I got an email from Steve a few days later
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我们谈了一会儿音乐。 几天后我收到Steve的来信
01:52
saying that Nathaniel was interested in a violin lesson with me.
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告诉我Nathaniel有兴趣跟我说学小提琴
01:56
Now, I should mention that Nathaniel refuses treatment
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我应该提一下的是Nathaniel拒绝治疗
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because when he was treated it was with shock therapy
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因为当初他接受的是电击疗法
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and Thorazine and handcuffs,
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用的是镇静剂和手铐
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and that scar has stayed with him for his entire life.
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那些伤疤从此留在了他的生活中
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But as a result now, he is prone to
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结果呢， 他的
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these schizophrenic episodes,
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精神分裂症现在变得更容易发作
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the worst of which can manifest themselves as
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最糟糕的表现是
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him exploding
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他发作后
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and then disappearing for days,
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会消失几天
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wandering the streets of Skid Row,
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在Skid Row大街上流浪
02:20
exposed to its horrors, with the torment of his own mind
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暴露着内心的恐惧，让心灵的煎熬
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unleashed upon him.
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在身上释放
02:26
And Nathaniel was in such a state of agitation
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Nathaniel当初就是处在这样的一种状态下
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when we started our first lesson at Walt Disney Concert Hall --
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我们在迪斯尼音乐厅开始了第一课的时候
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he had a kind of manic glint in his eyes,
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他的目光中夹杂着狂躁
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he was lost.
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他是一个迷失了方向的人
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And he was talking about
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他提到了
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invisible demons and smoke,
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无形的恶魔和烟雾
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and how someone was poisoning him in his sleep.
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有人怎样在他睡觉时给他下毒
02:45
And I was afraid,
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我感到很害怕
02:47
not for myself, but I was afraid
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不是为我自己的安全担心， 而是害怕
02:50
that I was going to lose him,
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我会失去他
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that he was going to sink into one of his states,
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他又会沉浸到他的某一种他的状态中
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and that I would ruin his relationship with the violin
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而我会毁了他和小提琴建立起来的关系
02:57
if I started talking about scales
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如果我开始讲音阶
02:59
and arpeggios and other exciting forms of
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和琶音和其他形式的精彩
03:01
didactic violin pedagogy.
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的说教式的小提琴教学法
03:03
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
03:04
So, I just started playing.
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于是， 我开始拉琴
03:07
And I played the first movement of the Beethoven Violin Concerto.
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我演奏了贝多芬小提琴协奏曲的第一乐章
03:11
And as I played,
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当我演奏的时候
03:13
I understood that there was a profound change
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我知道Nathaniel的眼睛里有一种
03:16
occurring in Nathaniel's eyes.
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奥妙的变化
03:18
It was as if he was in the grip of some invisible pharmaceutical,
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好象他抓住了什么隐形的药
03:21
a chemical reaction, for which my playing the music
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象是经历了化学反应，而我的演奏
03:25
was its catalyst.
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就是催化剂
03:28
And Nathaniel's manic rage
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他的狂躁愤怒
03:32
was transformed into understanding,
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也转化成理解
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a quiet curiosity and grace.
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安静的好奇， 和优雅
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And in a miracle, he lifted his own violin
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神奇的是，他拿起了他的小提琴
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and he started playing, by ear,
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他也跟着开始演奏
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certain snippets of violin concertos
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小提琴协奏曲的某些片断
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which he then asked me to complete -- Mendelssohn,
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然后他又要我来完成，门德尔松
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Tchaikovsky, Sibelius.
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柴可夫斯基，西贝柳斯
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And we started talking about music, from Bach
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于是我们开始谈论音乐：从巴赫
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to Beethoven and Brahms,
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到贝多芬，布拉姆斯
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Bruckner, all the B's,
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布鲁克纳， 所有名字以B打头的人
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from Bartók, all the way up to Esa-Pekka Salonen.
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从巴托克一直到艾沙·佩卡·萨洛宁
04:01
And I understood that he not only
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我了解到他不但
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had an encyclopedic knowledge of music,
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是一本音乐大百科全书
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but he related to this music at a personal level.
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而且他能将这些音乐跟他个人的感受联系起来
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He spoke about it with the kind of passion
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他讲到那些东西时充满了激情和对音乐
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and understanding that I share with my colleagues
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深刻的理解，仿佛是我跟我在洛杉矶
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in the Los Angeles Philharmonic.
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交响乐团的同事们之间交流时一样
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And through playing music and talking about music,
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通过演奏音乐， 谈论音乐
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this man had transformed
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这个人从一个
04:21
from the paranoid, disturbed man
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偏执，不安的
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that had just come from walking the streets
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刚才还在洛杉矶
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of downtown Los Angeles
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大街上晃悠的流浪汉
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to the charming, erudite,
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变成了一个迷人，博学
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brilliant, Juilliard-trained musician.
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优秀的受过朱丽亚音乐学院教育的音乐家
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Music is medicine. Music changes us.
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音乐是良药。音乐改变着我们
04:39
And for Nathaniel, music is sanity.
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对nathaniel来说， 音乐是帮助他开启心智
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Because music allows him to take his thoughts
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因为音乐可以帮他将他的思维
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and delusions and shape them
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妄想，转换成形
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through his imagination and his creativity,
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通过他的想象力和创造力
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into reality.
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变成现实
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And that is an escape
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而正是这个帮助他从煎熬
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from his tormented state.
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中解脱出来
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And I understood that this was the very essence of art.
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而我知道这就是艺术的真髓
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This was the very reason why we made music,
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这正是我们创造音乐的原因
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that we take something that exists within all of us
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我们用我们每个人都拥有的一种内在
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at our very fundamental core,
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我们的最根本的核心
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our emotions,
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我们的感情
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and through our artistic lens,
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通过我们的艺术的镜头
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through our creativity, we're able to shape those emotions into reality.
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通过我们的创造力，将我们的情感塑造成现实
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And the reality of that expression
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而这种现实的表达
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reaches all of us
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传递给我们所有的人
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and moves us, inspires and unites us.
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感动我们， 启迪我们，团结我们
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And for Nathaniel,
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而对Nathaniel
05:25
music brought him back into a fold of friends.
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音乐把他带回到一群朋友中
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The redemptive power of music brought him back
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音乐的挽救力将他
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into a family of musicians
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带回到音乐的大家庭
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that understood him,
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这里人们理解他
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that recognized his talents
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承认他的天赋
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and respected him.
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尊重他
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And I will always make music with Nathaniel,
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而我会永远为他创造音乐
05:42
whether we're at Walt Disney Concert Hall
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无论是在迪斯尼的音乐厅
05:44
or on Skid Row, because he reminds me
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或者Skid Row的大街上， 因为他提示着我
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why I became a musician.
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为什么我要做音乐家
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Thank you.
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谢谢
05:51
(Applause)
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(鼓掌)
05:58
Bruno Giussani: Thank you. Thanks.
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Bruno Giussani:谢谢，谢谢
06:01
Robert Gupta.
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Robert Gupta.
06:03
(Applause)
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(鼓掌 )
06:22
Robert Gupta: I'm going to play something that I shamelessly stole from cellists.
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Robert Gupta：现在我给大家演奏一段我厚颜从大提琴手那里窃来的曲子
06:25
So, please forgive me.
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所以请原谅我
06:27
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
06:28
(Music)
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(音乐)
09:13
(Applause)
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(鼓掌)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Robert Gupta - ViolinistViolinist Robert Gupta joined the LA Philharmonic at the age of 19 -- and maintains a passionate parallel interest in neurobiology and mental health issues. He's a TED Senior Fellow.
Why you should listen
Violinist Robert Vijay Gupta joined the Los Angeles Philharmonic at the age of 19. He made his solo debut, at age 11, with the Israel Philharmonic under Zubin Mehta. He has a Master's in music from Yale. But his undergraduate degree? Pre-med. As an undergrad, Gupta was part of several research projects in neuro- and neurodegenerative biology. He held Research Assistant positions at CUNY Hunter College in New York City, where he worked on spinal cord neuronal regeneration, and at the Harvard Institutes of Medicine Center for Neurologic Diseases, where he studied the biochemical pathology of Parkinson's disease.
Gupta is passionate about education and outreach, both as a musician and as an activist for mental health issues. He has the privilege of working with Nathaniel Ayers, the brilliant, schizophrenic musician featured in "The Soloist," as his violin teacher.
Robert Gupta | Speaker | TED.com