TEDSummit
Ione Wells: How we talk about sexual assault online
艾奧妮．威爾斯: 在網路上該如何談論性侵
Filmed:
Readability: 4.6
1,237,456 views
身為作者與激進分子的艾奧妮．威爾斯表示，我們需要適切地運用社群媒體的力量來申張社會正義。威爾斯在倫敦遭受性侵後，於學生郵報上刊載了一封給加害者的信，這封信像病毒般迅速散播，點燃了反抗性暴力和反對指責受害者的「我本無罪」運動。在這場動人的演說中，她講述了因她分享個人的經歷而給與受害者希望與力量，並傳遞了「反對受害者在網路上感到羞愧的文化」訊息。
Ione Wells - Writer, activist
University student Ione Wells is the founder of the international #NotGuilty campaign against sexual violence and misdirected victim blaming. Full bio
University student Ione Wells is the founder of the international #NotGuilty campaign against sexual violence and misdirected victim blaming. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
It was April, last year.
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去年四月，
00:15
I was on an evening out with friends
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晚上我和幾個朋友出去聚餐，
00:17
to celebrate one of their birthdays.
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幫其中的一位友人慶生。
00:19
We hadn't been all together
for a couple of weeks;
for a couple of weeks;
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我們好幾個禮拜沒聚在一起了；
00:22
it was a perfect evening,
as we were all reunited.
as we were all reunited.
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我們度過了一個美好的夜晚。
00:25
At the end of the evening,
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結束之後，
00:26
I caught the last underground train
back to the other side of London.
back to the other side of London.
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我搭乘末班地鐵回到倫敦的另一頭。
00:30
The journey was smooth.
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一路上很平順。
00:32
I got back to my local station
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我抵達我家附近的地鐵站，
00:34
and I began the 10-minute walk home.
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並照例走 10 分鐘的路回家。
00:37
As I turned the corner onto my street,
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轉過街角
00:39
my house in sight up ahead,
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就能看見我家。
00:41
I heard footsteps behind me
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我聽見背後有腳步聲，
00:43
that seemed to have
approached out of nowhere
approached out of nowhere
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不知道是從那裡冒出來的。
00:45
and were picking up pace.
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腳步聲愈來愈急促，
00:47
Before I had time to process
what was happening,
what was happening,
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我還來不及反應，
00:50
a hand was clapped around my mouth
so that I could not breathe,
so that I could not breathe,
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一隻手已經摀住我的嘴巴，
令我不能呼吸。
令我不能呼吸。
00:53
and the young man behind me
dragged me to the ground,
dragged me to the ground,
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身後的年輕男子將我硬拽在地，
00:56
beat my head repeatedly
against the pavement
against the pavement
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不停地將我的頭往地面撞，
00:58
until my face began to bleed,
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直到我的臉開始流血，
01:00
kicking me in the back and neck
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他用腳踢我的背和脖子
01:02
while he began to assault me,
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開始對我性侵，
01:04
ripping off my clothes
and telling me to "shut up,"
and telling me to "shut up,"
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他撕開我的衣服並叫我閉嘴，
01:06
as I struggled to cry for help.
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當時我掙扎奮力地呼救。
01:09
With each smack of my head
to the concrete ground,
to the concrete ground,
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每當我的頭被撞向水泥地時，
01:11
a question echoed through my mind
that still haunts me today:
that still haunts me today:
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心中便浮現一個
至今仍縈繞腦海的問題：
至今仍縈繞腦海的問題：
01:15
"Is this going to be how it all ends?"
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「我會就這樣死掉嗎?」
01:18
Little could I have realized,
I'd been followed the whole way
I'd been followed the whole way
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我完全沒有察覺到，
從我一離開車站開始
從我一離開車站開始
01:21
from the moment I left the station.
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那個人就一路尾隨著我了。
01:23
And hours later,
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幾個小時之後，
01:24
I was standing topless and barelegged
in front of the police,
in front of the police,
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我站在警察面前
袒露著上半身、赤裸著腿，
袒露著上半身、赤裸著腿，
01:28
having the cuts and bruises
on my naked body photographed
on my naked body photographed
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身上的傷口、瘀腫都被拍照存證，
01:31
for forensic evidence.
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作為法醫鑑識的證據。
01:33
Now, there are few words to describe
the all-consuming feelings
the all-consuming feelings
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我沒有辦法形容當時心裡滿溢的
脆弱、羞恥、憤惱和不公不義的感覺，
01:37
of vulnerability, shame, upset
and injustice that I was ridden with
and injustice that I was ridden with
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01:40
in that moment and for the weeks to come.
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接下來的數週亦是。
01:43
But wanting to find a way
to condense these feelings
to condense these feelings
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但我想找到能把這些百感交集的情緒
01:46
into something ordered
that I could work through,
that I could work through,
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彙整成我能處理、克服的方式，
01:48
I decided to do what
felt most natural to me:
felt most natural to me:
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於是我選擇了我最擅長的事：
01:51
I wrote about it.
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我把它寫下來。
01:53
It started out as a cathartic exercise.
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我一開始將之視為宣洩的管道。
01:55
I wrote a letter to my assaulter,
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我寫信給加害人，
01:58
humanizing him as "you,"
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並以「你」稱呼他，
02:00
to identify him as part
of the very community
of the very community
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把他當成是其所施暴的
02:03
that he had so violently
abused that night.
abused that night.
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社群團體中的一份子。
02:06
Stressing the tidal-wave
effect of his actions,
effect of his actions,
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為了強調他的行為所造成的
連鎖反應，
連鎖反應，
02:09
I wrote:
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我寫道：
02:10
"Did you ever think
of the people in your life?
of the people in your life?
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「你想過你身邊的人嗎?
02:13
I don't know who the people
in your life are.
in your life are.
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雖然我不認識任何你的親朋好友。
02:16
I don't know anything about you.
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雖然我對你一無所知。
02:18
But I do know this:
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但我知道：
02:19
you did not just attack me that night.
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你那晚攻擊的不只是『我』而已。
02:22
I'm a daughter, I'm a friend,
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我是別人的女兒、朋友，
02:23
I'm a sister, I'm a pupil,
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我是姊姊，我是學生，
02:25
I'm a cousin, I'm a niece,
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我是表姊、姪女，
我是鄰居。
02:26
I'm a neighbor;
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02:28
I'm the employee
who served everyone coffee
who served everyone coffee
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我是在地鐵站的咖啡廳裡
端咖啡的服務生。
02:30
in the café under the railway.
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02:32
And all the people who form
these relations to me
these relations to me
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而所有這些跟我有聯結的人
02:34
make up my community.
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組成了我的社群。
02:36
And you assaulted
every single one of them.
every single one of them.
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你攻擊的是他們每一個人。
02:39
You violated the truth that I
will never cease to fight for,
will never cease to fight for,
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你還侵犯了一項我誓死維護的，
02:42
and which all of these people represent:
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也是這群人所代表的一項真理：
02:44
that there are infinitely more
good people in the world than bad."
good people in the world than bad."
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世界上，好人永遠比壞人多。」
02:48
But, determined not to let
this one incident make me lose faith
this one incident make me lose faith
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但我決定不讓這次事件
讓我失去對整個社群與
人性的信念，
人性的信念，
02:51
in the solidarity in my community
or humanity as a whole,
or humanity as a whole,
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02:54
I recalled the 7/7 terrorist bombings
in July 2005 on London transport,
in July 2005 on London transport,
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我想起 2005 年的
倫敦七七爆炸案，
倫敦七七爆炸案，
02:59
and how the mayor of London at the time,
and indeed my own parents,
and indeed my own parents,
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那時的倫敦市長，乃至於我的雙親，
03:02
had insisted that we all get back
on the tubes the next day,
on the tubes the next day,
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都堅持大家隔天要照常搭地鐵，
如此一來，我們就不會
被那些令人恐慌的人、事、物
被那些令人恐慌的人、事、物
03:05
so we wouldn't be defined or changed
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03:07
by those that had made us feel unsafe.
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所侷限或改變。
03:09
I told my attacker,
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我告訴我的加害人，
03:11
"You've carried out your attack,
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「你雖攻擊了我，
03:13
but now I'm getting back on my tube.
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但我還是會照常搭地鐵，
03:16
My community will not feel we are unsafe
walking home after dark.
walking home after dark.
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我們會照常走夜路回家，
不會感覺到不安。
不會感覺到不安。
03:19
We will get on the last tubes home,
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我們還是會搭末班車回家，
03:21
and we will walk up our streets alone,
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我們還是會隻身走在街道上，
因為我們不會讓
這樣做就會置自己於險境的想法，
這樣做就會置自己於險境的想法，
03:23
because we will not ingrain
or submit to the idea
or submit to the idea
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03:25
that we are putting ourselves
in danger in doing so.
in danger in doing so.
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深深植入腦中。
03:28
We will continue
to come together, like an army,
to come together, like an army,
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當我們社群中有任何成員受到威脅，
03:30
when any member
of our community is threatened.
of our community is threatened.
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我們會團結一心，像支軍隊一樣，
03:33
And this is a fight you will not win."
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這是一場你贏不了的戰爭。」
03:37
At the time of writing this letter --
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當我寫這封信的時候，
03:39
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
03:40
Thank you.
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謝謝你們。
03:42
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
03:44
At the time of writing this letter,
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當我寫這封信的時候，
我正在準備牛津的考試，
03:46
I was studying for my exams in Oxford,
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我也在當地一家學生日報工作。
03:48
and I was working
on the local student paper there.
on the local student paper there.
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儘管很慶幸有親朋好友的情義相挺，
03:50
Despite being lucky enough to have
friends and family supporting me,
friends and family supporting me,
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但基本上那是段孤獨的時光。
03:54
it was an isolating time.
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我不認識任何有相同經歷的人，
03:55
I didn't know anyone
who'd been through this before;
who'd been through this before;
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至少我認為如此。
03:57
at least I didn't think I did.
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我也看過報章雜誌、統計數據，
知道性侵是多麼地普遍，
知道性侵是多麼地普遍，
03:59
I'd read news reports, statistics,
and knew how common sexual assault was,
and knew how common sexual assault was,
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但我講不出任何一個我聽過的人名，
04:02
yet I couldn't actually name
a single person
a single person
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曾公開講述這類的經歷。
04:04
that I'd heard speak out
about an experience of this kind before.
about an experience of this kind before.
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出於某個自發性的決定，
04:07
So in a somewhat spontaneous decision,
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04:09
I decided that I would publish
my letter in the student paper,
my letter in the student paper,
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我將這封信投到學生日報上，
04:12
hoping to reach out to others in Oxford
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希望讓牛津其他有相同經歷
04:14
that might have had a similar experience
and be feeling the same way.
and be feeling the same way.
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或感同身受的人看到。
04:18
At the end of the letter,
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在信的結尾，
04:19
I asked others to write in
with their experiences
with their experiences
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我呼籲其他人寫出他們的經歷，
並標註「# 我本無罪 」
（#NotGuilty）
（#NotGuilty）
04:21
under the hashtag, "#NotGuilty,"
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讓那些受害者在不覺得有羞恥或
罪惡感的情況下，對其所經歷的事件
罪惡感的情況下，對其所經歷的事件
04:23
to emphasize that survivors of assault
could express themselves
could express themselves
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04:26
without feeling shame or guilt
about what happened to them --
about what happened to them --
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抒發自己的情緒。
證明我們都能夠走出性侵的陰影。
04:29
to show that we could all
stand up to sexual assault.
stand up to sexual assault.
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04:32
What I never anticipated
is that almost overnight,
is that almost overnight,
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沒想到，一覺醒來，
04:35
this published letter would go viral.
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這封信就像病毒般擴散。
04:37
Soon, we were receiving
hundreds of stories
hundreds of stories
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很快，我們就收到來自世界各地
04:40
from men and women across the world,
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上百位男女的故事，
04:41
which we began to publish
on a website I set up.
on a website I set up.
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我們開始將故事發表在
我建立的網站上。
我建立的網站上。
04:44
And the hashtag became a campaign.
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而所標註的話題已成為一股風潮。
04:47
There was an Australian mother in her 40s
who described how on an evening out,
who described how on an evening out,
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一位 40 多歲的澳洲媽媽說，
在一個外出的夜晚，
在一個外出的夜晚，
04:51
she was followed to the bathroom
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有人跟蹤她到廁所，
04:52
by a man who went
to repeatedly grab her crotch.
to repeatedly grab her crotch.
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那個男人不停地摩蹭她的胯下。
04:55
There was a man in the Netherlands
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有個荷蘭籍男性，
說他去倫敦與人約會時遭對方強暴，
04:56
who described how he was date-raped
on a visit to London
on a visit to London
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但沒有人把他的話當真。
04:59
and wasn't taken seriously
by anyone he reported his case to.
by anyone he reported his case to.
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05:02
I had personal Facebook messages
from people in India and South America,
from people in India and South America,
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我收到來自印度和南美洲人
在臉書的私訊，
在臉書的私訊，
05:06
saying, how can we bring
the message of the campaign there?
the message of the campaign there?
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他們問道：要如何
把這個活動的訊息帶到當地？
把這個活動的訊息帶到當地？
05:08
One the first contributions we had
was from a woman called [Nikki],
was from a woman called [Nikki],
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我們收到的第一篇投稿，
是一位名叫妮琪的女士，
是一位名叫妮琪的女士，
05:11
who described growing up,
being molested my her own father.
being molested my her own father.
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述說她從小到大都被生父猥褻。
05:14
And I had friends open up to me
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接著有更多朋友向我敞開心房，
05:16
about experiences ranging
from those that happened last week
from those that happened last week
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訴說著我所不知的
早已發生在他們身上的經歷，
早已發生在他們身上的經歷，
05:19
to those that happened years ago,
that I'd had no idea about.
that I'd had no idea about.
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從上周才發生
到好幾年前發生的都有。
到好幾年前發生的都有。
05:23
And the more we started
to receive these messages,
to receive these messages,
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收到越來越多這類的訊息，
05:25
the more we also started
to receive messages of hope --
to receive messages of hope --
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我們也開始燃起越來越多的希望，
05:28
people feeling empowered
by this community of voices
by this community of voices
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受害者被這社群的發聲所鼓舞，
05:30
standing up to sexual assault
and victim-blaming.
and victim-blaming.
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他們得以站出來面對性侵的傷痛，
和抵抗「責怪受害者」的現象。
和抵抗「責怪受害者」的現象。
05:33
One woman called Olivia,
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一位名為歐麗薇雅的女士，
05:34
after describing how she was attacked
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在描述自己
被長期信賴與關心的人性侵後，
05:36
by someone she had trusted
and cared about for a long time,
and cared about for a long time,
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說道：「我在這裡看到很多故事，
05:39
said, "I've read many
of the stories posted here,
of the stories posted here,
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見到這麼多女人都踏出這一步，
05:41
and I feel hopeful that if so many
women can move forward,
women can move forward,
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我相信我也可以。
05:44
then I can, too.
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我受到這當中很多人的啟發，
05:45
I've been inspired by many,
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05:47
and I hope I can be as strong
as them someday.
as them someday.
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希望有朝一日也能像他們一樣堅強，
我相信會有這麼一天的。」
05:49
I'm sure I will."
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05:51
People around the world began
tweeting under this hashtag,
tweeting under this hashtag,
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世界各地的人開始在推文時
標記上「我本無罪」，
標記上「我本無罪」，
05:53
and the letter was republished
and covered by the national press,
and covered by the national press,
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而全國性的報社也刊載了我的信件，
同時也被翻譯成多國語言。
05:56
as well as being translated into several
other languages worldwide.
other languages worldwide.
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06:00
But something struck me
about the media attention
about the media attention
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但我對媒體會對我的信
06:03
that this letter was attracting.
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這麼感興趣而大吃一驚。
06:04
For something to be front-page news,
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他們把信刊在頭版，
06:06
given the word "news" itself,
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鑒於「新」聞這個字本身的意義，
06:09
we can assume it must be something new
or something surprising.
or something surprising.
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我們理所當然地認為
它一定是很新或令人驚訝的事情。
它一定是很新或令人驚訝的事情。
06:13
And yet sexual assault
is not something new.
is not something new.
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但性侵已經不是新鮮事了。
06:15
Sexual assault, along with other
kinds of injustices,
kinds of injustices,
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性侵就跟其他不公平、
不公正的事件一樣，
不公正的事件一樣，
06:18
is reported in the media all the time.
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每天都出現在各種媒體上。
06:21
But through the campaign,
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但透過這個運動，
06:22
these injustices were framed
as not just news stories,
as not just news stories,
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性侵事件不僅只是個新聞事件，
06:25
they were firsthand experiences
that had affected real people,
that had affected real people,
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而是影響當事人一生的
真人真事的第一手經歷，
真人真事的第一手經歷，
06:28
who were creating,
with the solidarity of others,
with the solidarity of others,
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這些當事人凝聚團結在一起，
創造出他們所需要，
但之前一直欠缺的東西：
但之前一直欠缺的東西：
06:30
what they needed
and had previously lacked:
and had previously lacked:
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06:32
a platform to speak out,
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一個能讓他們發表言論的平台，
06:34
the reassurance they weren't alone
or to blame for what happened to them
or to blame for what happened to them
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讓他們知道自己不是孤軍奮鬥，
也不是有錯的那一方，
也不是有錯的那一方，
而公開討論也能夠幫助減輕
談論到相關議題的羞辱感。
談論到相關議題的羞辱感。
06:37
and open discussions that would help
to reduce stigma around the issue.
to reduce stigma around the issue.
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06:41
The voices of those directly affected
were at the forefront of the story --
were at the forefront of the story --
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這個社群中，說故事的人
同時也是事件的當事者
同時也是事件的當事者
06:45
not the voices of journalists
or commentators on social media.
or commentators on social media.
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並不是記者或評論員撰擬出來的。
06:48
And that's why the story was news.
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這也是為什麼這故事被稱為新聞。
06:52
We live in an incredibly
interconnected world
interconnected world
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我們身在一個網路資訊
四通八達的世界，
四通八達的世界，
06:54
with the proliferation of social media,
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社群媒體不斷地激增，
06:56
which is of course a fantastic resource
for igniting social change.
for igniting social change.
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而它的確是推動社會改變的利器。
06:59
But it's also made us
increasingly reactive,
increasingly reactive,
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但這也使人們越來越過度反應，
07:02
from the smallest annoyances
of, "Oh, my train's been delayed,"
of, "Oh, my train's been delayed,"
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小至「天啊！火車誤點了！」的
惱人小事，
惱人小事，
07:06
to the greatest injustices of war,
genocides, terrorist attacks.
genocides, terrorist attacks.
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大至戰爭、種族屠殺，
甚至是恐怖攻擊。
甚至是恐怖攻擊。
07:10
Our default response has become
to leap to react to any kind of grievance
to leap to react to any kind of grievance
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看到任何發牢騷、不滿的訊息時，
就會立即做出回應，
就會立即做出回應，
07:14
by tweeting, Facebooking, hastagging --
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在推特、臉書上發文、標記，
07:16
anything to show others
that we, too, have reacted.
that we, too, have reacted.
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竭盡所能的昭告天下
自己也有所共鳴。
自己也有所共鳴。
07:19
The problem with reacting
in this manner en masse
in this manner en masse
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問題是，當大家都有所反應時，
07:22
is it can sometimes mean
that we don't actually react at all,
that we don't actually react at all,
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有時也意味著大家根本沒反應，
沒有人真的想去做些什麼，
07:25
not in the sense of actually
doing anything, anyway.
doing anything, anyway.
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我們只是讓自己心裡面舒服點，
07:27
It might make ourselves feel better,
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覺得好像在集體的哀悼與憤慨中
貢獻了一己之力，
貢獻了一己之力，
07:29
like we've contributed
to a group mourning or outrage,
to a group mourning or outrage,
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07:31
but it doesn't actually change anything.
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但事實上你沒有任何貢獻。
07:33
And what's more,
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還有，
07:35
it can sometimes drown out the voices
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這些行為有的時候，
會掩蓋掉真實受害者的聲音，
07:36
of those directly
affected by the injustice,
affected by the injustice,
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07:39
whose needs must be heard.
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而他們的需求必須被聽見。
07:41
Worrying, too, is the tendency
for some reactions to injustice
for some reactions to injustice
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還令人擔憂的是
有些回應不公事件的行為
有些回應不公事件的行為
也可能會帶來更多隔閡，
07:45
to build even more walls,
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07:47
being quick to point fingers
with the hope of providing easy solutions
with the hope of providing easy solutions
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人們迅速究責並希望能夠
對複雜的問題提供簡單的解決方案。
07:50
to complex problems.
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07:52
One British tabloid,
on the publication of my letter,
on the publication of my letter,
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一家英國小報在刊登我的信時，
07:54
branded a headline stating,
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下了這麼一個標題：
07:56
"Oxford Student Launches
Online Campaign to Shame Attacker."
Online Campaign to Shame Attacker."
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「牛津學生在網路上
發起羞辱加害人運動。」
發起羞辱加害人運動。」
08:01
But the campaign never
meant to shame anyone.
meant to shame anyone.
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但我發起的這個運動，
從未想要羞辱任何人。
從未想要羞辱任何人。
08:04
It meant to let people speak
and to make others listen.
and to make others listen.
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只是要讓大家勇於發言並有人傾聽。
08:08
Divisive Twitter trolls were quick
to create even more injustice,
to create even more injustice,
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推特上具爭議性的謬論
只會造成更多傷害，
只會造成更多傷害，
08:11
commenting on
my attacker's ethnicity or class
my attacker's ethnicity or class
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藉由批評我的加害人的種族和階級，
08:14
to push their own prejudiced agendas.
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來推波助瀾他們自己的偏見。
08:17
And some even accused me
of feigning the whole thing
of feigning the whole thing
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有人甚至指控我是在自導自演，
08:20
to push, and I quote,
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容許我引用一下報社的文字：
08:22
my "feminist agenda of man-hating."
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「為了申張女權主義而仇恨男人」。
08:26
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
08:27
I know, right?
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好笑吧？
08:29
As if I'm going to be like,
"Hey guys! Sorry I can't make it,
"Hey guys! Sorry I can't make it,
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好像我是會說：「抱歉，夥伴們，
我沒辦法去了喔，
我沒辦法去了喔，
因為在 30 歲之前，我都在忙著
仇恨全世界所有的男人。」
仇恨全世界所有的男人。」
08:31
I'm busy trying to hate
the entire male population
the entire male population
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08:34
by the time I'm 30."
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1385
這種話的人。
08:35
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
08:36
Now, I'm almost sure
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504953
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現在，我幾乎可以確定，
08:39
that these people wouldn't say
the things the say in person.
the things the say in person.
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這些人不會當著我的面說出
他們在網路上留下的那些言論。
他們在網路上留下的那些言論。
08:42
But it's as if because they might
be behind a screen,
be behind a screen,
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那是因為他們躲在螢幕後面，
待在自己舒適的家中
08:44
in the comfort in their own home
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使用著社群媒體。
08:46
when on social media,
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人們常會忘記他們的所作所為
是一種公眾行為，
是一種公眾行為，
08:47
people forget that what
they're doing is a public act --
they're doing is a public act --
205
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08:50
that other people will be reading it
and be affected by it.
and be affected by it.
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其他人會看，也會受其影響。
08:53
Returning to my analogy
of getting back on our trains,
of getting back on our trains,
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回到前面提到的重回地鐵的比喻，
08:56
another main concern I have
about this noise that escalates
about this noise that escalates
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對那些在網路上回應
不公義的干擾言論，
不公義的干擾言論，
08:59
from our online responses to injustice
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我所關注的是，
09:01
is that it can very easily slip
into portraying us as the affected party,
into portraying us as the affected party,
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這些干擾言論很容易
把我們描繪成受影響的一方，
把我們描繪成受影響的一方，
09:04
which can lead to a sense of defeatism,
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這可能會導致失敗主義的情緒：
09:06
a kind of mental barrier to seeing
any opportunity for positivity or change
any opportunity for positivity or change
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這是一種無法正向地看待機會
或無法在負面狀態下
做出改變的精神障礙。
做出改變的精神障礙。
09:10
after a negative situation.
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09:13
A couple of months
before the campaign started
before the campaign started
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在這個運動開始的幾個月前
09:15
or any of this happened to me,
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或在我遭遇這些事之前，
09:16
I went to a TEDx event in Oxford,
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我參加 TEDx 在牛津的活動，
09:18
and I saw Zelda la Grange speak,
217
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我看見了納爾遜·曼德拉的
前任私人秘書
前任私人秘書
09:20
the former private secretary
to Nelson Mandela.
to Nelson Mandela.
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芮爾妲•拉格蘭奇的演講，
09:22
One of the stories
she told really struck me.
she told really struck me.
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她其中的一個故事震撼了我。
09:25
She spoke of when
Mandela was taken to court
Mandela was taken to court
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她提到曼德拉在委任對體育事件
進行調查後，
進行調查後，
09:27
by the South African Rugby Union
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就被南非國家橄欖球隊
09:29
after he commissioned
an inquiry into sports affairs.
an inquiry into sports affairs.
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一狀告到法院。
09:32
In the courtroom,
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在法庭上，
09:33
he went up to the South African
Rugby Union's lawyers,
Rugby Union's lawyers,
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他走向南非國家橄欖球隊的律師團，
09:36
shook them by the hand
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跟他們握手，
09:37
and conversed with them,
each in their own language.
each in their own language.
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並用他們各自的語言和他們對話。
09:39
And Zelda wanted to protest,
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芮爾妲想提出抗議，
09:41
saying they had no right to his respect
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她認為這些律師對曼德拉做出
不公義的指控，
不公義的指控，
09:43
after this injustice they had caused him.
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不配得到曼德拉的尊重。
09:45
He turned to her and said,
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曼德拉回頭告訴她：
09:48
"You must never allow the enemy
to determine the grounds for battle."
to determine the grounds for battle."
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「永遠別讓敵人來決定戰場。」
09:53
At the time of hearing these words,
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聽到這句話時，
我並不瞭解這句話的重要性，
09:55
I didn't really know why
they were so important,
they were so important,
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但我覺得它很重要，所以我將這句話
寫在我隨身攜帶的筆記本上。
寫在我隨身攜帶的筆記本上。
09:57
but I felt they were, and I wrote them
down in a notebook I had on me.
down in a notebook I had on me.
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從那個時候開始，
我便常常思考這句話的意義。
我便常常思考這句話的意義。
10:01
But I've thought about this line
a lot ever since.
a lot ever since.
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10:04
Revenge, or the expression of hatred
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報復，或者向對我們施加不公的人
10:06
towards those who have done us injustice
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表達恨意，
可能是人類在面對不公不義時的
本能直覺反應，
本能直覺反應，
10:08
may feel like a human instinct
in the face of wrong,
in the face of wrong,
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3014
10:11
but we need to break out of these cycles
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1914
但是我們需要打破這個循環，
10:13
if we are to hope to transform
negative events of injustice
negative events of injustice
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我們應該要將不公平的負面事件，
轉換成正面的社會革新能量。
10:16
into positive social change.
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1703
10:18
To do otherwise
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否則，
如果繼續讓敵人決定戰場，
10:20
continues to let the enemy
determine the grounds for battle,
determine the grounds for battle,
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則會產生另一個對立的結果，
10:23
creates a binary,
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10:24
where we who have suffered
become the affected,
become the affected,
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2504
我們這些受害者成為了影響者，
10:27
pitted against them, the perpetrators.
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與加害者相互爭鬥。
10:30
And just like we got back on our tubes,
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就像我們選擇回到地鐵一樣，
10:32
we can't let our platforms
for interconnectivity and community
for interconnectivity and community
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我們不能讓互聯網及社群的平台，
10:35
be the places that we settle for defeat.
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淪為認輸妥協的戰場。
10:39
But I don't want to discourage
a social media response,
a social media response,
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我並不是想要阻止
這些社群媒體的回應，
這些社群媒體的回應，
10:42
because I owe the development
of the #NotGuilty campaign
of the #NotGuilty campaign
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因為「# 我本無罪」活動的成功，
絕大部分歸功於社群媒體。
10:45
almost entirely to social media.
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10:46
But I do want to encourage
a more considered approach
a more considered approach
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但是我的確想要鼓勵大家，
10:49
to the way we use it
to respond to injustice.
to respond to injustice.
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2123
用成熟負責的方式
來回應不公義的事件。
來回應不公義的事件。
10:51
The start, I think,
is to ask ourselves two things.
is to ask ourselves two things.
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首先，我認為要先問自己兩個問題。
10:54
Firstly: Why do I feel this injustice?
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第一：為什麼我會覺得不公平？
10:56
In my case, there were
several answers to this.
several answers to this.
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就我的例子而言，有幾個答案。
10:58
Someone had hurt me and those who I loved,
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2233
有人傷害我和我愛的人，
11:01
under the assumption they
wouldn't have to be held to account
wouldn't have to be held to account
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2900
如果他們沒有為這件事付出代價，
或沒有認知到他們所造成的傷害，
這樣我就會感到不公平。
這樣我就會感到不公平。
11:04
or recognize the damage they had caused.
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11:06
Not only that, but thousands
of men and women suffer every day
of men and women suffer every day
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2908
不只如此，每天都有
成千上萬的男男女女，
成千上萬的男男女女，
遭受性侵，通常只能保持沈默，
11:08
from sexual abuse, often in silence,
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1718
而且，大家對此問題的關注程度
卻少於其他事件。
卻少於其他事件。
11:10
yet it's still a problem we don't give
the same airtime to as other issues.
the same airtime to as other issues.
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到現在，還是有很多人
會指責受害者。
會指責受害者。
11:14
It's still an issue many people
blame victims for.
blame victims for.
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11:16
Next, ask yourself: How,
in recognizing these reasons,
in recognizing these reasons,
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再來，問問自己：
認知到這些原因後，
認知到這些原因後，
我如何能改變它們？
11:20
could I go about reversing them?
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11:22
With us, this was holding my attacker
to account -- and many others.
to account -- and many others.
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就我們而言，是要我的加害者
和其他的加害者承擔後果。
和其他的加害者承擔後果。
11:25
It was calling them out
on the effect they had caused.
on the effect they had caused.
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讓他們出來面對他們所造成的影響。
11:28
It was giving airtime
to the issue of sexual assault,
to the issue of sexual assault,
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讓媒體對性侵事件投以更多的關注，
11:31
opening up discussions amongst friends,
amongst families, in the media
amongst families, in the media
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朋友、家人之間能夠開誠佈公地討論
這個被塵封已久的話題，
11:34
that had been closed for too long,
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並且強調受害者不應該
11:36
and stressing that victims
shouldn't feel to blame
shouldn't feel to blame
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為其所受到的傷害而遭受指責。
11:38
for what happened to them.
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11:39
We might still have a long way to go
in solving this problem entirely.
in solving this problem entirely.
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要完全解決性侵這個問題
也許還有好長一段路要走。
也許還有好長一段路要走。
但透過這個方式，
11:43
But in this way,
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我們可以開始使用社群媒體
作為審視社會公義的有效利器，
作為審視社會公義的有效利器，
11:44
we can begin to use social media
as an active tool for social justice,
as an active tool for social justice,
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來作為教育、喚起群眾對話的利器，
11:47
as a tool to educate,
to stimulate dialogues,
to stimulate dialogues,
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11:49
to make those in positions
of authority aware of an issue
of authority aware of an issue
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藉由聆聽受害者的心聲，
11:52
by listening to those
directly affected by it.
directly affected by it.
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讓當權者知道這個問題的重要性。
11:56
Because sometimes these questions
don't have easy answers.
don't have easy answers.
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因為有時這些問題並不會有
簡單的答案，
簡單的答案，
12:00
In fact, they rarely do.
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事實上，鮮少會有。
12:02
But this doesn't mean we still
can't give them a considered response.
can't give them a considered response.
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但是，這並不意味著我們無法
給受害者成熟、合理的回應，
給受害者成熟、合理的回應，
12:06
In situations where
you can't go about thinking
you can't go about thinking
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在你無法思考出
如何扭轉這個不公平的感覺時，
12:08
how you'd reverse
this feeling of injustice,
this feeling of injustice,
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12:10
you can still think,
maybe not what you can do,
maybe not what you can do,
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你可想看看，也許不要執著於
我們可做些什麼，
我們可做些什麼，
12:13
but what you can not do.
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而是不要做什麼。
12:15
You can not build further walls
by fighting injustice with more prejudice,
by fighting injustice with more prejudice,
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你可以不要帶著偏見、
仇恨來回應不公事件，
仇恨來回應不公事件，
以避免築起更多高牆。
12:19
more hatred.
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12:20
You can not speak over those
directly affected by an injustice.
directly affected by an injustice.
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你可以不要議論那些事件的受害者，
12:25
And you can not react to injustice,
only to forget about it the next day,
only to forget about it the next day,
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你可以不要在回應了不公事件後
隨即隔天就忘了這件事，
隨即隔天就忘了這件事，
12:29
just because the rest
of Twitter has moved on.
of Twitter has moved on.
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因為推持已去追逐新的話題了。
12:32
Sometimes not reacting
instantly is, ironically,
instantly is, ironically,
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諷刺的是，有時候不立刻回應，
12:36
the best immediate course
of action we can take.
of action we can take.
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是我們立即可以採取的措施。
12:39
Because we might be angry, upset
and energized by injustice,
and energized by injustice,
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我們會因為遭受不公平待遇
而生氣、沮喪和衝動，
而生氣、沮喪和衝動，
12:44
but let's consider our responses.
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但是讓我們想想自己的反應。
12:47
Let us hold people to account,
without descending into a culture
without descending into a culture
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我們要讓加害者付出代價，
而不是助長我們自己羞愧
與遭受不公不義的感覺。
與遭受不公不義的感覺。
12:50
that thrives off shaming
and injustice ourselves.
and injustice ourselves.
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12:54
Let us remember that distinction,
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讓我們牢記那個
常被網民遺忘的事情，
12:56
so often forgotten by internet users,
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12:58
between criticism and insult.
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那就是批評與辱罵的區別。
13:01
Let us not forget
to think before we speak,
to think before we speak,
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別忘了我們仍須三思而後行，
不要因我們面前有螢幕擋著就不。
13:03
just because we might
have a screen in front of us.
have a screen in front of us.
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當我們在社群媒體發出各種聲音時，
13:05
And when we create noise on social media,
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13:07
let it not drown out the needs
of those affected,
of those affected,
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我們不應該讓這些聲音
凌鴐了受害者的需要，
凌鴐了受害者的需要，
13:10
but instead let it amplify their voices,
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而應該強化受害者的訴求。
13:12
so the internet becomes a place
where you're not the exception
where you're not the exception
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所以網路成了你講述自身的
親身真實經歷，
親身真實經歷，
也不會被另眼相看的地方。
13:15
if you speak out about something
that has actually happened to you.
that has actually happened to you.
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所有這些以成熟嚴謹的態度
來回應不公不義的方法，
來回應不公不義的方法，
13:18
All these considered
approaches to injustice
approaches to injustice
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13:20
evoke the very keystones
on which the internet was built:
on which the internet was built:
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喚起了網路初創的主旨：
13:24
to network, to have signal, to connect --
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溝通、傳遞訊息、
促進人與人之間的連結。
促進人與人之間的連結。
13:26
all these terms that imply
bringing people together,
bringing people together,
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這些詞語都暗示著
使人們更緊密地凝聚著，
使人們更緊密地凝聚著，
13:29
not pushing people apart.
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而非愈來愈疏離。
13:31
Because if you look up the word
"justice" in the dictionary,
"justice" in the dictionary,
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假如你在字典上查
「justice」這個字，
「justice」這個字，
13:35
before punishment,
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在懲罰、法律或司法機關管理
這些字眼之前，
這些字眼之前，
13:37
before administration of law
or judicial authority,
or judicial authority,
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13:41
you get:
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你會看到：
13:42
"The maintenance of what is right."
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「維護正義」。
13:45
And I think there are a few things
more "right" in this world
more "right" in this world
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我認為世界上幾乎沒有
比將人與人團結在一起
更正義的事了。
更正義的事了。
13:49
than bringing people together,
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13:51
than unions.
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13:53
And if we allow social media
to deliver that,
to deliver that,
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如果我們藉由社群媒體來傳遞這個訊息，
13:55
then it can deliver a very powerful
form of justice, indeed.
form of justice, indeed.
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公平正義將會透過更有力的形式傳遞。
14:00
Thank you very much.
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謝謝大家！
14:01
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ione Wells - Writer, activistUniversity student Ione Wells is the founder of the international #NotGuilty campaign against sexual violence and misdirected victim blaming.
Why you should listen
Ione Wells is a student at the University of Oxford in the UK, where she just started her third year reading for a degree in English Language and Literature, and a keen writer and journalist.
After being the victim of an assault in London in early 2015, she published a letter to her assaulter in a student newspaper, which went viral, attracting enormous attention and prompting the sharing of countless experiences by others around the world on social media.
That reaction prompted her to set up the international #NotGuilty campaign against sexual violence and misdirected victim-blaming, which has a website providing a platform for people to speak out. Since then, she has written about these issues for multiple publications, commented on radio and television, spoken at several festivals, hosted support groups and workshops for survivors of assault, and led workshops in schools.
She is the former editor of Oxford University’s student magazine, The Isis, and has an active interest in human rights, international relations, theatre, and wild swimming.
Ione Wells | Speaker | TED.com