Chautauqua Institution
Dayananda Saraswati: The profound journey of compassion
賢者Dayananda Saraswati：寬宏之心的深意
Filmed:
Readability: 3.7
414,064 views
賢者Dayananda Saraswati領悟到個人的發展與獲得真正的寬宏之心是平等的人生行徑 他带我們一同重温自我實現的一點一滴 從無助的嬰孩時期到做出無懼的關心他人的寬宏之舉
Dayananda Saraswati - Vedantic teacher
Swami Dayananda Saraswati is an acclaimed spiritual teacher and the founder of AIM for Seva -- a charitable trust that works to relieve poverty across India. Full bio
Swami Dayananda Saraswati is an acclaimed spiritual teacher and the founder of AIM for Seva -- a charitable trust that works to relieve poverty across India. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
A human child is born,
0
1000
10000
一個小孩降生了
00:23
and for quite a long time
1
11000
5000
在一段非常長的時期里
00:28
is a consumer.
2
16000
5000
他是個消耗社會資源的人
00:33
It cannot be consciously a contributor.
3
21000
12000
他不可能自覺地成為一名奉獻社會的人
00:45
It is helpless.
4
33000
2000
他是很無助的
00:47
It doesn't know how to survive,
5
35000
3000
他甚至不清楚怎樣去生存下來
00:50
even though it is endowed with an instinct to survive.
6
38000
15000
儘管生存的本能是與生俱來的
01:05
It needs the help of mother, or a foster mother, to survive.
7
53000
16000
他需要一位母親，或者是一位祖母的撫養才能生存下來
01:21
It can't afford to doubt the person who tends the child.
8
69000
13000
毋庸置疑，孩子需要專人來照料
01:34
It has to totally surrender,
9
82000
5000
但是長輩的照料終究會結束
01:39
as one surrenders to an anesthesiologist.
10
87000
5000
就好比人被麻醉了一樣
01:44
It has to totally surrender.
11
92000
6000
麻醉的效果終究會褪去
01:50
That implies a lot of trust.
12
98000
10000
這其中蘊含著深深的依賴
02:00
That implies the trusted person
13
108000
7000
这其中蕴含着被孩子依賴的人
02:07
won't violate the trust.
14
115000
3000
不会辜负这深深的信赖
02:10
As the child grows,
15
118000
5000
當小孩逐渐长大
02:15
it begins to discover
16
123000
4000
他開始發現
02:19
that the person trusted is violating the trust.
17
127000
6000
自己依賴的人辜負了這份依賴
02:25
It doesn't know even the word "violation."
18
133000
5000
他甚至不知道“依賴”這個詞語
02:30
Therefore, it has to blame itself,
19
138000
6000
因此 他開始責怪自己
02:36
a wordless blame,
20
144000
3000
無以言表的責怪
02:39
which is more difficult to really resolve --
21
147000
12000
是無濟於事的 責怪之後
02:51
the wordless self-blame.
22
159000
6000
依然是無以言表的自責
02:57
As the child grows to become an adult:
23
165000
5000
當孩子長大成人，
03:02
so far, it has been a consumer,
24
170000
4000
直到現在，他依然是一個消耗者
03:06
but the growth of a human being
25
174000
3000
然而每一個人的成長過程
03:09
lies in his or her capacity to contribute,
26
177000
10000
會賜予他（或者她）貢獻社會的能力
03:19
to be a contributor.
27
187000
4000
讓他（或者她）成為一個奉獻社會的人
03:23
One cannot contribute unless one feels secure,
28
191000
6000
一個人不會奉獻社會除非他感到沒有憂慮
03:29
one feels big,
29
197000
3000
他感到自己足夠強大
03:32
one feels: I have enough.
30
200000
6000
他感到 我有這個實力
03:38
To be compassionate is not a joke.
31
206000
4000
成為寬宏之人不是開玩笑的
03:42
It's not that simple.
32
210000
3000
它并沒有那麼簡單
03:45
One has to discover a certain bigness in oneself.
33
213000
7000
一個人必須發現自己確有把握的強人之處
03:52
That bigness should be centered on oneself,
34
220000
3000
這點強人之處應該在自己身上集中體現出來
03:55
not in terms of money,
35
223000
3000
而不是通過錢財體現
03:58
not in terms of power you wield,
36
226000
4000
也不是通過你掌控的權利體現
04:02
not in terms of any status that you can command in the society,
37
230000
8000
也不是通過在社會里命令他人的任何地位
04:10
but it should be centered on oneself.
38
238000
5000
而它應該是集中體現在自己身上的優秀品質
04:15
The self: you are self-aware.
39
243000
4000
這個自己，是個清醒的自己
04:19
On that self, it should be centered -- a bigness, a wholeness.
40
247000
7000
在那個自己身上 優秀品質應該集中體現 體現一個強大的自己 一個健全的自己
04:26
Otherwise, compassion is just a word and a dream.
41
254000
7000
否則 寬宏之心僅僅是一個詞彙和一個夢想而已
04:36
You can be compassionate occasionally,
42
264000
5000
你可以做到偶爾的寬宏大量
04:41
more moved by empathy
43
269000
4000
更多地是由於感情觸動所致
04:45
than by compassion.
44
273000
7000
相比真正的寬宏大量
04:52
Thank God we are empathetic.
45
280000
4000
感謝上帝讓我們人類是懂得憐憫的
04:56
When somebody's in pain, we pick up the pain.
46
284000
5000
當有人承受痛苦，我們一起分擔痛苦
05:01
In a Wimbledon final match,
47
289000
7000
在溫布爾頓網球公開賽上 決賽上
05:08
these two guys fight it out.
48
296000
3000
這兩名運動員奮力比賽
05:11
Each one has got two games.
49
299000
5000
他兩人每人都贏了兩局比賽
05:16
It can be anybody's game.
50
304000
3000
誰都可能成為贏家
05:19
What they have sweated so far has no meaning.
51
307000
7000
他們的揮汗如雨是毫無意義的
05:26
One person wins.
52
314000
6000
一個人贏得了比賽
05:32
The tennis etiquette is, both the players have to come to the net
53
320000
10000
比賽的規矩是兩名球員都必須來到網前
05:42
and shake hands.
54
330000
5000
並且握手
05:47
The winner boxes the air
55
335000
3000
勝者向上振臂示意
05:50
and kisses the ground,
56
338000
5000
而且親吻地板
05:55
throws his shirt as though somebody is waiting for it.
57
343000
4000
拋起他的運動衫好像有人在等著接到
05:59
(Laughter)
58
347000
3000
（笑聲）
06:02
And this guy has to come to the net.
59
350000
4000
而他必須來到網前
06:06
When he comes to the net,
60
354000
3000
當他來到網前
06:09
you see, his whole face changes.
61
357000
5000
你可以看見 他整個臉的表情都變了
06:14
It looks as though he's wishing that he didn't win.
62
362000
5000
看起來好像他贏了一場他不該贏的比賽
06:19
Why? Empathy.
63
367000
5000
爲什麽 憐憫之心
06:24
That's human heart.
64
372000
2000
這是人類的共性
06:26
No human heart is denied of that empathy.
65
374000
6000
富有人情的人都並不能拒絕這種憐憫之心
06:32
No religion can demolish that by indoctrination.
66
380000
6000
任何種族也不能通過教化破壞它
06:38
No culture, no nation and nationalism --
67
386000
6000
任何文化 國家 民族也不能破壞它
06:44
nothing can touch it
68
392000
3000
任何事物都不能修改它
06:47
because it is empathy.
69
395000
3000
因為它是憐憫之心
06:50
And that capacity to empathize
70
398000
6000
而憐憫他人的能力
06:56
is the window through which you reach out to people,
71
404000
8000
是你同他人深入交流的窗口
07:04
you do something that makes a difference in somebody's life --
72
412000
5000
是你可以影響他人生活的能力
07:09
even words, even time.
73
417000
5000
寬宏之心超越言語 超越時間
07:14
Compassion is not defined in one form.
74
422000
5000
寬宏之心沒有特定的形式
07:19
There's no Indian compassion.
75
427000
3000
不存在印度人的寬宏之心
07:22
There's no American compassion.
76
430000
4000
不存在美國人的寬宏之心
07:26
It transcends nation, the gender, the age.
77
434000
6000
它超越了國家 超越了等級 超越了年齡
07:32
Why? Because it is there in everybody.
78
440000
11000
爲什麽 因為它深深地埋藏在所有人的心中
07:43
It's experienced by people occasionally.
79
451000
7000
它偶然通過人們的行動體現出來
07:50
Then this occasional compassion,
80
458000
5000
但是這只是偶然的寬宏之舉
07:55
we are not talking about --
81
463000
4000
不是我們談論的真正的寬宏大量
07:59
it will never remain occasional.
82
467000
3000
真正的寬宏大量絕非偶然
08:02
By mandate, you cannot make a person compassionate.
83
470000
5000
你不能通過賦予委任的方式使得一個人寬宏大量
08:10
You can't say, "Please love me."
84
478000
4000
你不能說 “請愛我”
08:14
Love is something you discover.
85
482000
3000
愛是你要去找尋的東西
08:17
It's not an action,
86
485000
5000
愛不是一種舉動
08:22
but in the English language, it is also an action.
87
490000
5000
但是在英語里 它也是一個動作
08:27
I will come to it later.
88
495000
4000
我一會兒再解釋這點
08:31
So one has got to discover a certain wholeness.
89
499000
7000
因此人必須有完整的人格
08:38
I am going to cite the possibility of being whole,
90
506000
7000
我要講述一下擁有完整人格的潛力
08:45
which is within our experience, everybody's experience.
91
513000
7000
這潛力蘊含在我們的經歷中 每個人的經歷中
08:52
In spite of a very tragic life,
92
520000
9000
儘管存在悲慘的生活
09:01
one is happy in moments which are very few and far between.
93
529000
10000
有的人只在很少的時間感到幸福
09:11
And the one who is happy,
94
539000
3000
而只要這個人感到幸福
09:14
even for a slapstick joke,
95
542000
8000
哪怕是因為一個鬧劇
09:22
accepts himself and also the scheme of things in which one finds oneself.
96
550000
9000
也是自己接受自我 找尋自我的過程
09:31
That means the whole universe,
97
559000
4000
那意味著整個宇宙
09:35
known things and unknown things.
98
563000
4000
已知事物和未知事物
09:39
All of them are totally accepted
99
567000
6000
全部都可以被接納
09:45
because you discover your wholeness in yourself.
100
573000
6000
因為你找到的自身人格的完整
09:51
The subject -- "me" --
101
579000
4000
這個主題 我自己
09:55
and the object -- the scheme of things --
102
583000
3000
和這些客觀事物 找尋事物的方法
09:58
fuse into oneness,
103
586000
5000
溶為一體
10:03
an experience nobody can say, "I am denied of,"
104
591000
6000
擁有人生經歷的人不會說 我不同意
10:09
an experience common to all and sundry.
105
597000
6000
經歷都是一個整體
10:15
That experience confirms that, in spite of all your limitations --
106
603000
9000
經歷證實了這點 儘管你所有的局限
10:24
all your wants, desires, unfulfilled, and the credit cards
107
612000
5000
你所有的需求 渴望 未完成的事情 信用卡
10:29
and layoffs
108
617000
5000
還有你被解雇
10:34
and, finally, baldness --
109
622000
4000
而 最終 不幸的人
10:38
you can be happy.
110
626000
4000
你可以很幸福
10:42
But the extension of the logic is
111
630000
5000
但是邏輯的含義是
10:47
that you don't need to fulfill your desire to be happy.
112
635000
6000
你不必完成你全部的慾望去獲得幸福
10:53
You are the very happiness, the wholeness that you want to be.
113
641000
6000
你確實很幸福 你這個整體 使你感到幸福
10:59
There's no choice in this:
114
647000
2000
這別無選擇
11:01
that only confirms the reality
115
649000
6000
這只是證實了現實
11:07
that the wholeness cannot be different from you,
116
655000
7000
整個世界不會因你而變
11:14
cannot be minus you.
117
662000
4000
不會丟棄你
11:18
It has got to be you.
118
666000
3000
你必須做你自己
11:21
You cannot be a part of wholeness
119
669000
3000
你不能夠做整體的一部分
11:24
and still be whole.
120
672000
3000
同時又是整體
11:27
Your moment of happiness reveals that reality,
121
675000
4000
你幸福的時刻反映了現實
11:31
that realization, that recognition:
122
679000
5000
實現 酬勞
11:36
"Maybe I am the whole.
123
684000
3000
或許我就是全部
11:39
Maybe the swami is right.
124
687000
3000
或許swami是對的
11:42
Maybe the swami is right." You start your new life.
125
690000
11000
或許swami是對的 你應該開始你全新的生活
11:53
Then everything becomes meaningful.
126
701000
6000
每件事都充滿了意義
11:59
I have no more reason to blame myself.
127
707000
4000
我沒有任何理由去責備我自己
12:03
If one has to blame oneself, one has a million reasons plus many.
128
711000
6000
如果一個人要去責備自己 他可以有一百萬個理由
12:09
But if I say, in spite of my body being limited --
129
717000
6000
但是如果我說 儘管我的身體是受限的
12:15
if it is black it is not white, if it is white it is not black:
130
723000
9000
如果是黑皮膚 就不能是白皮膚 如果是白皮膚 就不能是黑皮膚
12:24
body is limited any which way you look at it. Limited.
131
732000
6000
不論你從哪方面看身體都是有不足的 是有限制的
12:30
Your knowledge is limited, health is limited,
132
738000
4000
你的知識有限 健康有限
12:34
and power is therefore limited,
133
742000
3000
力量因此也有限
12:37
and the cheerfulness is going to be limited.
134
745000
5000
而高興也會有限
12:42
Compassion is going to be limited.
135
750000
3000
寬宏大量會有限
12:45
Everything is going to be limitless.
136
753000
5000
所有事物都有限制
12:50
You cannot command compassion
137
758000
6000
你不能命令寬宏大量
12:56
unless you become limitless, and nobody can become limitless,
138
764000
4000
除非你變得寬宏大量 要不沒人會變得寬宏大量
13:00
either you are or you are not. Period.
139
768000
5000
這取決于你自己 這段講完了
13:05
And there is no way of your being not limitless too.
140
773000
9000
而你可以自己努力不那麼受限制
13:14
Your own experience reveals, in spite of all limitations, you are the whole.
141
782000
10000
你自己的經歷反映出 儘管有很多限制 你還是一個整體
13:24
And the wholeness is the reality of you
142
792000
5000
而整體就是你的現實性
13:29
when you relate to the world.
143
797000
2000
當你和世界有聯繫時
13:31
It is love first.
144
799000
3000
首先是愛
13:34
When you relate to the world,
145
802000
2000
當你和世界有聯繫時
13:36
the dynamic manifestation of the wholeness
146
804000
5000
整體的活力的表現
13:41
is, what we say, love.
147
809000
5000
就是我們所說的愛
13:46
And itself becomes compassion
148
814000
4000
而它自己會成為寬宏之舉
13:50
if the object that you relate to evokes that emotion.
149
818000
11000
如果你接觸到的事物使你觸發了那種情感
14:01
Then that again transforms into giving, into sharing.
150
829000
10000
然後情感通過給予和分享傳遞
14:11
You express yourself because you have compassion.
151
839000
6000
你表達自己因為你有憐憫之心
14:17
To discover compassion, you need to be compassionate.
152
845000
6000
要找到寬宏之心 你需要寬宏大量一些
14:23
To discover the capacity to give and share,
153
851000
5000
要找到給予和分享的能力
14:28
you need to be giving and sharing.
154
856000
2000
你需要善於給予和分享
14:30
There is no shortcut: it is like swimming by swimming.
155
858000
5000
沒有捷徑 就像通過練習游泳來學習游泳
14:35
You learn swimming by swimming.
156
863000
4000
你通過練習游泳來學習游泳
14:39
You cannot learn swimming on a foam mattress and enter into water.
157
867000
4000
你不能在一個泡沫床墊上然後到水中學習游泳
14:43
(Laughter)
158
871000
2000
（笑聲）
14:45
You learn swimming by swimming. You learn cycling by cycling.
159
873000
4000
你通過練習游泳學習游泳 你通過練習騎車來學習騎車
14:49
You learn cooking by cooking,
160
877000
2000
你通過做飯來學習廚藝
14:51
having some sympathetic people around you
161
879000
3000
然後周圍同情你的人
14:54
to eat what you cook.
162
882000
2000
就品嘗你做的飯
14:56
(Laughter)
163
884000
3000
（笑聲）
15:04
And, therefore, what I say,
164
892000
4000
那麼 因此 正如我說
15:08
you have to fake it and make it.
165
896000
2000
你必須假裝去做
15:10
(Laughter)
166
898000
7000
（笑聲）
15:17
You need to.
167
905000
3000
你需要這麼做
15:20
My predecessor meant that.
168
908000
6000
我之前的話是這個意思
15:26
You have to act it out.
169
914000
5000
你必須實現它
15:31
You have to act compassionately.
170
919000
7000
你必須做事有寬宏之心
15:38
There is no verb for compassion,
171
926000
5000
沒有寬宏的動詞
15:43
but you have an adverb for compassion.
172
931000
4000
但是你可以寬宏地做事
15:47
That's interesting to me.
173
935000
4000
這很有趣
15:51
You act compassionately.
174
939000
6000
你寬宏地處事
15:57
But then, how to act compassionately if you don't have compassion?
175
945000
4000
但是如果你沒有寬宏之心怎麼做寬宏之事
16:01
That is where you fake.
176
949000
3000
那就需要你假裝了
16:04
You fake it and make it. This is the mantra of the United States of America.
177
952000
4000
你假裝然後做出來 這是美利堅合眾國的頌歌
16:08
(Laughter)
178
956000
5000
（笑聲）
16:13
You fake it and make it.
179
961000
4000
你假裝然後做出來
16:17
You act compassionately as though you have compassion:
180
965000
3000
你憐憫處事就像你有寬宏之心一樣
16:20
grind your teeth,
181
968000
3000
咬緊牙關
16:23
take all the support system.
182
971000
2000
和你所有的支援一起
16:25
If you know how to pray, pray.
183
973000
4000
如果你知道怎麼祈禱 那就祈禱吧
16:29
Ask for compassion.
184
977000
3000
找尋寬宏之心
16:32
Let me act compassionately.
185
980000
3000
讓我處事寬宏大量吧
16:35
Do it.
186
983000
2000
行動吧
16:37
You'll discover compassion
187
985000
2000
你會找到寬宏之心
16:39
and also slowly a relative compassion,
188
987000
5000
而且也會慢慢的相對的寬宏大量
16:44
and slowly, perhaps if you get the right teaching,
189
992000
4000
慢慢的 或許你接受了正確的指引
16:48
you'll discover compassion is a dynamic manifestation
190
996000
5000
你會發現寬宏之心是活力的源泉
16:53
of the reality of yourself, which is oneness, wholeness,
191
1001000
6000
是你現實自身的活力源泉 是獨一無二 完整的
16:59
and that's what you are.
192
1007000
2000
這就是你自己
17:01
With these words, thank you very much.
193
1009000
3000
就講到這裡 非常感謝
17:04
(Applause)
194
1012000
2000
（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dayananda Saraswati - Vedantic teacherSwami Dayananda Saraswati is an acclaimed spiritual teacher and the founder of AIM for Seva -- a charitable trust that works to relieve poverty across India.
Why you should listen
Swami Dayananda Saraswati has been teaching the traditional wisdom of Vedanta for more than four decades, in India and around the world. His success as a teacher is evident in the successes of his students -- over 100 are now swamis themselves, and highly respected as scholars and teachers. Within the Hindu community, he has worked to create harmony, founding the Hindu Dharma Acharya Sabha, where heads of different sects can come together learn from each other. In the larger religious community, he has also made huge strides towards cooperation, convening the first World Congress for the Preservation of Religious Diversity.
However, Swami Saraswati’s work is not limited to the religious community. He is the founder and an active executive member of the All India Movement (AIM) for Seva. Since 2000, AIM has been bringing medical assistance, education, food and infrastructure to people living in the most remote areas of India. Growing up in a small, rural village himself, the Swami understood the particular challenges to accessing aid faced by those outside of the cities. Today, AIM for Seva estimates that they have been able to help over two million people in need.
Dayananda Saraswati | Speaker | TED.com