Prosanta Chakrabarty: Clues to prehistoric times, found in blind cavefish
Prosanta Chakrabarty: Des indices sur les temps préhistoriques, trouvés chez les poissons cavernicoles
Prosanta Chakrabarty studies fish to help explain the evolution of human beings and our planet. Full bio
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le seul mot en « ologie »
"you only live once,"
« You Only Live Once ».
what I always dreamt of doing:
et découvrir de nouvelles espèces.
and discovering new species.
on caves for finding new species.
sur les grottes pour mes recherches.
nouvelles espèces de poisson cavernicole,
cavefish species out there.
a lot about biology and geology.
beaucoup sur la biologie et la géologie.
around them have changed and moved
ont changé et se sont déplacés,
dans ces petites cavités.
the evolution of sight, by being blind.
car ils sont aveugles.
that are essentially the same as ours.
fondamentalement similaires aux nôtres.
a fish species starts to adapt
qu'une espèce commence à s'adapter
they lose their eyes and their eyesight
elle perd ses yeux et sa vue
cavefish like this one here.
de poisson cavernicole sans yeux.
has evolved in a slightly different way,
de manière légèrement différente
and biological story to tell us,
biologique unique à nous raconter.
when we find a new species.
espèces est si passionnant.
we described, from southern Indiana.
provenant du sud de l'Indiana.
the Hoosier cavefish.
(habitant de l'Indiana).
are cavefishes in Kentucky,
viennent du Kentucky
when the Ohio River split them
quand la rivière Ohio s'est divisée
these subtle differences
de subtiles différences
behind their blindness.
à l'origine de leur cécité.
that's super-critical for sight.
rhodopsine, vital pour la vue.
all function in that gene,
toute utilité pour ce gène.
natural experiment
se met donc en place
behind our vision,
à l'origine de notre vue
sur les temps géologiques lointains,
about deep geological time,
than in this species here.
pour cette espèce-ci.
we described from Madagascar
découverte à Madagascar
en malgache,
to collect this species.
nous vraiment a rendu malade.
full of dead things
plein d'animaux morts
be doing with your life,
that it tried to kill us,
qu'elle ait essayé de nous tuer.
this species in Madagascar,
cette espèce de Madagascar,
are 6,000 kilometers away,
se trouvent à 6000 km de là,
freshwater cavefish
d'eau douce de 8 cm
the DNA of these species
nous avons constaté
for more than 100 million years,
il y a plus de 100 millions d'années,
continents were last together.
était encore regroupés.
didn't move at all.
qui les ont emmenées.
these ancient geological events.
géologiques anciens.
to tell you its name yet,
de vous dire son nom,
it's a new species from Mexico,
qu'elle vient du Mexique
le réseau de grottes d'où elle vient
the only known cave system it's from
d'un barrage à côté.
principale d'eau potable.
this species' closest relative, yet.
de parent proche à cette espèce.
anything else in Mexico,
something new about the geology
d'en savoir plus sur la géologie
pour mieux diagnostiquer
of how to better diagnose
before it goes extinct too.
avant qu'elle ne disparaisse elle aussi.
trying to discover and save
de découvrir et de sauver
poissons cavernicoles aveugles
about the geology of the planet
sur la géologie de la planète
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Prosanta Chakrabarty - IchthyologistProsanta Chakrabarty studies fish to help explain the evolution of human beings and our planet.
Why you should listen
Dr. Prosanta Chakrabarty is an Associate Professor and Curator of Fishes at the Museum of Natural Science and Department of Biological Science at Louisiana State University.
Chakrabarty is a systematist and an ichthyologist studying the evolution and biogeography of both freshwater and marine fishes. His work includes studies of Neotropical (Central and South America, Caribbean) and Indo-West Pacific (Indian and Western Pacific Ocean) fishes. His natural history collecting efforts include trips to Japan, Australia, Taiwan, Madagascar, Panama, Kuwait and many other countries. He has discovered over a dozen new species including new anglerfishes and cavefishes.
The LSU Museum of Natural Science fish collection that Chakrabarty oversees includes nearly half a million fish specimens and nearly 10,000 DNA samples covering most major groups of fishes. He earned his PhD at the University of Michigan and his undergraduate degree is from McGill University in Montreal. He has written two books including A Guide to Academia: Getting into and Surviving Grad School, Postdocs and a Research Job. He is also a former Program Director at the National Science Foundation. He was named a TED Fellow in 2016 and a TED Senior Fellow in 2018.
Prosanta Chakrabarty | Speaker | TED.com