TED2016
Tshering Tobgay: This country isn't just carbon neutral -- it's carbon negative
Tshering Tobgay: Dette land er ikke bare CO2-neutral -- det er CO2-negativt
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Dybt i Himalaya på grænsen mellem Kina og Indien, ligger Kongeriet Bhutan, som har forpligtet sig til at forblive kulstof-neutral for evigt. I dette oplysende foredrag, deler Bhutans premierminister sit lands mission om at sætte lykke før økonomisk vækst og sætte en verdensstandard for miljø- og naturbevarelse.
Tshering Tobgay - Prime Minister of Bhutan
Acting on his mandate to move Bhutan into the 21st century, Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay is transforming his nation -- while maintaining its “Gross National Happiness.” Full bio
Acting on his mandate to move Bhutan into the 21st century, Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay is transforming his nation -- while maintaining its “Gross National Happiness.” Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
In case you are wondering,
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Hvis I skulle undre jer,
00:15
no, I'm not wearing a dress,
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så nej, jeg har ikke en kjole på,
00:18
and no, I'm not saying
what I'm wearing underneath.
what I'm wearing underneath.
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og nej, jeg fortæller jer ikke,
hvad jeg har på indenunder.
hvad jeg har på indenunder.
00:22
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
00:25
This is a gho.
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Det her er en gho.
00:27
This is my national dress.
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Det er min nationaldragt.
00:30
This is how all men dress in Bhutan.
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Sådan går alle mænd klædt i Bhutan.
00:34
That is how our women dress.
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Sådan der går vores kvinder klædt.
00:38
Like our women,
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Ligesom vores kvinder,
00:40
we men get to wear pretty bright colors,
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har vi mænd lov til,
at bære stærke farver,
at bære stærke farver,
00:44
but unlike our women,
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men modsat kvinderne
00:47
we get to show off our legs.
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viser vi vores ben frem.
00:48
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
00:50
Our national dress is unique,
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Vores nationaldragt er unik,
00:52
but this is not the only thing
that's unique about my country.
that's unique about my country.
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men det er ikke det eneste,
der er unikt ved mit land.
der er unikt ved mit land.
00:56
Our promise to remain
carbon neutral is also unique,
carbon neutral is also unique,
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Vores løfte om at forblive
CO2-neutral er også unikt,
CO2-neutral er også unikt,
00:59
and this is what I'd like
to speak about today,
to speak about today,
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og det er hvad
jeg gerne vil tale om i dag,
jeg gerne vil tale om i dag,
01:01
our promise to remain carbon neutral.
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vores løfte om
at forblive CO2-neutral.
at forblive CO2-neutral.
01:04
But before I proceed,
I should set you the context.
I should set you the context.
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Men inden jeg fortsætter,
må jeg vise jer konteksten.
må jeg vise jer konteksten.
01:08
I should tell you our story.
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Jeg må fortælle jer vores historie.
01:11
Bhutan is a small country
in the Himalayas.
in the Himalayas.
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Bhutan er et lille land
i Himalaya.
i Himalaya.
01:16
We've been called Shangri-La,
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Vi er blevet kaldt Shangri-La,
01:18
even the last Shangri-La.
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selv det sidste Shangri-La.
01:21
But let me tell you right off the bat,
we are not Shangri-La.
we are not Shangri-La.
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Men lad mig starte med at sige,
at vi ikke er Shangri-La.
at vi ikke er Shangri-La.
01:24
My country is not one big monastery
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Mit land er ikke ét stort kloster
01:27
populated with happy monks.
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befolket med glade munke.
01:28
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
01:30
The reality is that
there are barely 700,000 of us
there are barely 700,000 of us
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Virkeligheden er,
at der er knap 700.000 af os,
at der er knap 700.000 af os,
01:36
sandwiched between two
of the most populated countries on earth,
of the most populated countries on earth,
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lige midt imellem
to af de mest befolkede lande på jorden,
to af de mest befolkede lande på jorden,
01:41
China and India.
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Kina og Indien.
01:44
The reality is that we are a small,
underdeveloped country
underdeveloped country
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Virkeligheden er,
at vi er et lille, underudviklet land,
at vi er et lille, underudviklet land,
01:48
doing our best to survive.
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der gør vores bedste for at overleve.
01:51
But we are doing OK. We are surviving.
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Men det går meget godt. Vi overlever.
01:55
In fact, we are thriving,
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Faktisk, så trives vi,
01:58
and the reason we are thriving
is because we've been blessed
is because we've been blessed
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og årsagen til,
at vi trives, er at vi er blevet velsignet
at vi trives, er at vi er blevet velsignet
02:02
with extraordinary kings.
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med uovertræffelige konger.
02:05
Our enlightened monarchs
have worked tirelessly
have worked tirelessly
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Vores oplyste monarker
har knoklet dag og nat
har knoklet dag og nat
02:08
to develop our country,
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for at udvikle vores land
02:10
balancing economic growth carefully
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ved forsigtigt at balancere
den økonomiske vækst sammen
den økonomiske vækst sammen
02:13
with social development,
environmental sustainability
environmental sustainability
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med social udvikling,
miljømæssig bæredygtighed
miljømæssig bæredygtighed
02:16
and cultural preservation,
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og kulturel bevarelse,
02:18
all within the framework
of good governance.
of good governance.
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alt sammen indenfor rammerne
af god regeringsførelse.
af god regeringsførelse.
02:22
We call this holistic approach
to development
to development
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Vi kalder denne holistiske tilgang
til udvikling
til udvikling
02:25
"Gross National Happiness," or GNH.
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"Brutto National Lykke," eller BNL.
02:29
Back in the 1970s,
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Tilbage i 1970'erne,
02:31
our fourth king famously
pronounced that for Bhutan,
pronounced that for Bhutan,
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erklærede vores fjerde konge
at for Bhutan,
at for Bhutan,
02:35
Gross National Happiness is more important
than Gross National Product.
than Gross National Product.
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er Brutto National Lykke vigtigere
end Brutto National Produkt.
end Brutto National Produkt.
02:39
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
02:44
Ever since,
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Lige siden
02:46
all development in Bhutan
is driven by GNH,
is driven by GNH,
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er al udvikling i Bhutan
drevet af BNL,
drevet af BNL,
02:51
a pioneering vision
that aims to improve the happiness
that aims to improve the happiness
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en banebrydende vision,
der sigter, at forbedre glæden
der sigter, at forbedre glæden
02:55
and well-being of our people.
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og velværen for vores folk.
02:58
But that's easier said than done,
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Men det er lettere sagt end gjort,
03:00
especially when you are one
of the smallest economies in the world.
of the smallest economies in the world.
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særligt når du er en
af de mindste økonomier i verden.
af de mindste økonomier i verden.
03:05
Our entire GDP is less
than two billion dollars.
than two billion dollars.
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Vores samlede BNP er under
to milliarder dollars.
to milliarder dollars.
03:09
I know that some of you here
are worth more --
are worth more --
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Jeg ved at nogle af jer herinde
er mere værd --
er mere værd --
03:12
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
03:13
individually
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individuelt
03:15
than the entire economy of my country.
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end hele mit lands samlede økonomi.
03:20
So our economy is small,
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Så vores økonomi er lille,
03:22
but here is where it gets interesting.
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men netop her bliver det interessant.
03:26
Education is completely free.
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Uddannelse er helt gratis.
03:28
All citizens are guaranteed
free school education,
free school education,
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Alle borgere er garanteret
gratis skolegang
gratis skolegang
03:31
and those that work hard
are given free college education.
are given free college education.
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og dem, der arbejder hårdt,
får gratis videreuddannelse.
får gratis videreuddannelse.
03:34
Healthcare is also completely free.
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Sundhedsydelser er også helt gratis.
03:36
Medical consultation,
medical treatment, medicines:
medical treatment, medicines:
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Lægekonsultation,
medicinsk behandling, medicin:
medicinsk behandling, medicin:
03:40
they are all provided by the state.
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stilles alt sammen
til rådighed af staten.
til rådighed af staten.
03:43
We manage this
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Det lykkes vi med
03:45
because we use our limited
resources very carefully,
resources very carefully,
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fordi vi bruger vores begrænsede
ressourcer med stor forsigtighed,
ressourcer med stor forsigtighed,
03:49
and because we stay faithful
to the core mission of GNH,
to the core mission of GNH,
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og fordi vi forbliver trofaste
mod den virkelige mission for BNL,
mod den virkelige mission for BNL,
03:55
which is development with values.
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som er udvikling med værdier.
03:59
Our economy is small,
and we must strengthen it.
and we must strengthen it.
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Vores økonomi er lille,
og vi bliver nødt til at styrke den.
og vi bliver nødt til at styrke den.
04:02
Economic growth is important,
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Økonomisk vækst er vigtigt,
04:04
but that economic growth must not come
from undermining our unique culture
from undermining our unique culture
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men den økonomiske vækst må ikke komme
ved at undergrave vores unikke kultur
ved at undergrave vores unikke kultur
04:09
or our pristine environment.
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eller vores uberørte natur og miljø.
04:14
Today, our culture is flourishing.
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I dag stortrives vores kultur.
04:17
We continue to celebrate
our art and architecture,
our art and architecture,
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Vi fortsætter med at fejre
vores kunst og arkitektur,
vores kunst og arkitektur,
04:20
food and festivals,
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mad og festivaler,
04:23
monks and monasteries.
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munke og klostre.
04:26
And yes, we celebrate
our national dress, too.
our national dress, too.
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Og ja, vi fejrer også
vores nationaldragt.
vores nationaldragt.
04:32
This is why I can wear my gho with pride.
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Derfor kan jeg bære min gho med stolthed.
04:37
Here's a fun fact:
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Her er et sjovt faktum:
04:39
you're looking
at the world's biggest pocket.
at the world's biggest pocket.
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I kigger
på verdens største lomme.
på verdens største lomme.
04:42
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
04:45
It starts here,
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Den starter her,
04:47
goes around the back,
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går rundt om bag på,
04:49
and comes out from inside here.
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og kommer ud igen indefra her.
04:52
In this pocket
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I den her lomme,
04:53
we store all manner of personal goods
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opbevarer vi alle mulige
former for personlige ejendele
former for personlige ejendele
04:56
from phones and wallets
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fra telefoner og punge
05:00
to iPads, office files and books.
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til iPads, arbejdspapirer og bøger.
05:03
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
05:04
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
05:06
But sometimes --
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Men nogle gange --
05:08
sometimes even precious cargo.
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nogle gange endda dyrebart gods.
05:14
So our culture is flourishing,
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Så vores kultur er i fremgang,
05:16
but so is our environment.
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men det er vores natur også.
05:19
72 percent of my country
is under forest cover.
is under forest cover.
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72 procent af mit land
er dækket af skov.
er dækket af skov.
05:23
Our constitution demands
that a minimum of 60 percent
that a minimum of 60 percent
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Vores forfatning påkræver,
at minimum 60 procent
at minimum 60 procent
05:28
of Bhutan's total land
shall remain under forest cover
shall remain under forest cover
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af Bhutans samlede land
skal forblive dækket af skov
skal forblive dækket af skov
05:32
for all time.
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i al evighed.
05:33
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
05:39
Our constitution,
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Vores forfatning,
05:41
this constitution,
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denne forfatning,
05:44
imposes forest cover on us.
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pålægger os skovdække.
05:47
Incidentally, our king
used this constitution
used this constitution
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I øvrigt brugte vores konge
denne forfatning
denne forfatning
05:52
to impose democracy on us.
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til at pålægge os demokrati.
05:54
You see, we the people
didn't want democracy.
didn't want democracy.
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Ser I, vi folket,
ønskede ikke demokrati.
ønskede ikke demokrati.
05:57
We didn't ask for it, we didn't demand it,
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Vi bad ikke om det,
vi krævede det ikke,
vi krævede det ikke,
06:00
and we certainly didn't fight for it.
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og vi kæmpede bestemt ikke for det.
06:03
Instead, our king imposed democracy on us
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I stedet for pålagde
vores konge os demokrati,
vores konge os demokrati,
06:08
by insisting that he include it
in the constitution.
in the constitution.
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ved at insistere på at inkludere det
i forfatningen.
i forfatningen.
06:12
But he went further.
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Men han gik længere end det.
06:14
He included provisions in the constitution
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Han inkluderede
bestemmelser i forfatningen,
bestemmelser i forfatningen,
06:18
that empower the people
to impeach their kings,
to impeach their kings,
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der myndiggør folket til,
at stille deres konge for en rigsret,
at stille deres konge for en rigsret,
06:22
and included provisions in here
that require all our kings to retire
that require all our kings to retire
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og inkluderede bestemmelser heri,
der kræver at alle konger må gå på pension,
der kræver at alle konger må gå på pension,
06:27
at the age of 65.
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når de er 65 år.
06:30
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
06:31
Fact is, we already have
a king in retirement:
a king in retirement:
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Rent faktisk, så har vi allerede
en pensioneret konge:
en pensioneret konge:
06:36
our previous king, the Great Fourth,
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vores tidligere konge, den Store Fjerde,
06:40
retired 10 years ago
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gik på pension for 10 år siden,
06:42
at the peak of his popularity.
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på toppen af hans popularitet.
06:45
He was all of 51 years at that time.
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Han var hele 51 år på daværende tidspunkt.
06:51
So as I was saying,
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Som jeg sagde tidligere,
06:53
72 percent of our country
is under forest cover,
is under forest cover,
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72 procent af vores land
er dækket af skov,
er dækket af skov,
06:56
and all that forest is pristine.
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og al den skov er uberørt.
06:59
That's why we are one of the few remaining
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Derfor er vi et af de få tilbageværende
07:02
global biodiversity hotspots in the world,
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globale hotspots
for biodiversitet i verden,
for biodiversitet i verden,
07:05
and that's why we are
a carbon neutral country.
a carbon neutral country.
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og det er derfor, at vi er
et CO2-neutralt land.
et CO2-neutralt land.
07:08
In a world that is threatened
with climate change,
with climate change,
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I en verden der er truet
af klimaforandringer,
af klimaforandringer,
07:10
we are a carbon neutral country.
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er vi et CO2-neutralt land.
07:15
Turns out, it's a big deal.
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Det viser sig, at det er stort.
07:17
Of the 200-odd countries
in the world today,
in the world today,
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Ud af de 200-og-nogle lande
i verden i dag,
i verden i dag,
07:20
it looks like we are the only one
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ser det ud til, at vi er det eneste,
07:22
that's carbon neutral.
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der er CO2-neutral.
07:25
Actually, that's not quite accurate.
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Faktisk er det ikke helt korrekt.
07:29
Bhutan is not carbon neutral.
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Bhutan er ikke CO2-neutral.
07:31
Bhutan is carbon negative.
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Bhutan er CO2-negativ.
07:35
Our entire country generates
2.2 million tons of carbon dioxide,
2.2 million tons of carbon dioxide,
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Hele vores land genererer
2,2 millioner tons kuldioxid,
2,2 millioner tons kuldioxid,
07:42
but our forests, they sequester
more than three times that amount,
more than three times that amount,
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men vores skove, de optager
mere end tre gange så meget,
mere end tre gange så meget,
07:47
so we are a net carbon sink
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så vi er et kulstofdræn
07:49
for more than four million tons
of carbon dioxide each year.
of carbon dioxide each year.
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på mere end fire millioner tons
kuldioxid hvert år.
kuldioxid hvert år.
07:55
But that's not all.
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Men det er ikke det hele.
07:56
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
07:58
We export most
of the renewable electricity
of the renewable electricity
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Vi eksporterer det meste
af den vedvarende elektricitet,
af den vedvarende elektricitet,
08:01
we generate from our fast-flowing rivers.
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vi genererer fra vores strømmende floder.
08:05
So today, the clean energy that we export
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Så i dag kan den rene energi,
vi eksporterer
vi eksporterer
08:08
offsets about six million tons
of carbon dioxide in our neighborhood.
of carbon dioxide in our neighborhood.
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modregne godt seks millioner tons
kuldioxid i vores nærmiljø.
kuldioxid i vores nærmiljø.
08:14
By 2020, we'll be exporting
enough electricity
enough electricity
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Fra 2020, vil vi eksportere
nok elektricitet
nok elektricitet
08:18
to offset 17 million tons
of carbon dioxide.
of carbon dioxide.
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til at kunne modregne
17 millioner tons kuldioxid.
17 millioner tons kuldioxid.
08:22
And if we were to harness
even half our hydropower potential,
even half our hydropower potential,
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Hvis vi indfanger bare halvdelen
af vores potentiale for vandkraft,
af vores potentiale for vandkraft,
08:25
and that's exactly what we are working at,
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og det er præcis det,
vi arbejder hen imod,
vi arbejder hen imod,
08:29
the clean, green energy that we export
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vil den rene, grønne energi,
som vi eksporterer
som vi eksporterer
08:31
would offset something like
50 million tons of carbon dioxide a year.
50 million tons of carbon dioxide a year.
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modregne noget i nærheden af
50 millioner tons kuldioxid om året.
50 millioner tons kuldioxid om året.
08:38
That is more CO2 than what the entire city
of New York generates in one year.
of New York generates in one year.
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Det er mere CO2 end hele New York
genererer på et år.
genererer på et år.
08:45
So inside our country,
we are a net carbon sink.
we are a net carbon sink.
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Så indenfor vores land,
er vi et kulstofdræn.
er vi et kulstofdræn.
08:48
Outside, we are offsetting carbon.
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Udenfor, modregner vi CO2.
08:50
And this is important stuff.
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Og det er vigtige sager.
08:53
You see, the world is getting warmer,
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Ser I, verden bliver varmere,
08:55
and climate change is a reality.
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og klimaforandringerne er virkelige.
08:59
Climate change is affecting my country.
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Klimaforandringerne påvirker mit land.
09:02
Our glaciers are melting,
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Vores gletsjere smelter,
09:04
causing flash floods and landslides,
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og forårsager stormfloder og jordskred,
09:06
which in turn are causing disaster
and widespread destruction in our country.
and widespread destruction in our country.
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som til gengæld forårsager katastrofer
og udstrakt ødelæggelse i vores land.
og udstrakt ødelæggelse i vores land.
09:13
I was at that lake recently.
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Jeg var oppe ved den sø for nylig.
09:15
It's stunning.
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Den er betagende.
09:18
That's how it looked 10 years ago,
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Sådan her så der ud for 10 år siden,
09:21
and that's how it looked 20 years ago.
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og sådan her så der ud for 20 år siden.
09:24
Just 20 years ago, that lake didn't exist.
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For bare 20 år siden,
eksisterede søen ikke.
eksisterede søen ikke.
09:27
It was a solid glacier.
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Det var en fast gletsjer.
09:31
A few years ago, a similar lake
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For et par år siden, brød en lignende sø
09:34
breached its dams
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igennem sin dæmning
09:37
and wreaked havoc in the valleys below.
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og skabte kaos i dalene under den.
09:42
That destruction
was caused by one glacier lake.
was caused by one glacier lake.
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Den ødelæggelse
blev forårsaget af én gletsjersø.
blev forårsaget af én gletsjersø.
09:45
We have 2,700 of them to contend with.
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Vi har 2.700 af dem at holde styr på.
09:50
The point is this:
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Her er pointen:
09:52
my country and my people have done nothing
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mit land og mit folk har intet gjort
09:56
to contribute to global warming,
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for at bidrage til global opvarmning,
09:59
but we are already bearing the brunt
of its consequences.
of its consequences.
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men vi tager allerede det værste stød
af konsekvenserne.
af konsekvenserne.
10:05
And for a small, poor country,
one that is landlocked and mountainous,
one that is landlocked and mountainous,
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Og for et lille, fattigt land,
der er landlåst og bjergrigt,
der er landlåst og bjergrigt,
10:09
it is very difficult.
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er det meget svært.
10:12
But we are not going to sit
on our hands doing nothing.
on our hands doing nothing.
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Men vi sætter os ikke ned
og triller tommelfingre.
og triller tommelfingre.
10:14
We will fight climate change.
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Vi vil bekæmpe klimaforandringerne.
10:16
That's why we have promised
to remain carbon neutral.
to remain carbon neutral.
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Det er derfor, at vi har lovet
at forblive CO2-neutral.
at forblive CO2-neutral.
10:22
We first made this promise in 2009
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Vi gav dette løfte første gang i 2009
10:26
during COP 15 in Copenhagen,
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under COP 15 i København,
10:30
but nobody noticed.
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men ingen opdagede det.
10:32
Governments were so busy
arguing with one another
arguing with one another
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Regeringer var så optaget af,
at diskutere med hinanden
at diskutere med hinanden
10:35
and blaming each other
for causing climate change,
for causing climate change,
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623640
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og anklage hinanden
for at være skyld i klimaforandringerne,
for at være skyld i klimaforandringerne,
10:38
that when a small country
raised our hands and announced,
raised our hands and announced,
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at da et lille land
stak hænderne i vejret og annoncerede,
stak hænderne i vejret og annoncerede,
10:42
"We promise to remain
carbon neutral for all time,"
carbon neutral for all time,"
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"Vi lover at forblive
kulstof-CO2 for evig tid,"
kulstof-CO2 for evig tid,"
10:45
nobody heard us.
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hørte ingen os.
10:47
Nobody cared.
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Ingen var interesserede.
10:51
Last December in Paris,
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Sidste december i Paris,
10:54
at COP 21, we reiterated our promise
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under COP 21, gentog vi vores løfte
10:57
to remain carbon neutral
for all time to come.
for all time to come.
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om at forblive CO2-neutrale
i al tid fremover.
i al tid fremover.
11:01
This time, we were heard.
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Denne gang blev vi hørt.
11:03
We were noticed, and everybody cared.
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Vi blev lagt mærke til,
og alle var interesserede.
og alle var interesserede.
11:09
What was different in Paris
was that governments came round together
was that governments came round together
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Forskellen i Paris var,
at regeringerne kom til enighed
at regeringerne kom til enighed
11:14
to accept the realities of climate change,
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om at acceptere realiteterne
af klimaforandringerne,
af klimaforandringerne,
11:16
and were willing to come together
and act together and work together.
and act together and work together.
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og var villige til at stå sammen,
og handle sammen og arbejde sammen.
og handle sammen og arbejde sammen.
11:21
All countries, from the very small
to the very large,
to the very large,
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Alle lande, fra de helt små,
til de helt store,
til de helt store,
11:25
committed to reduce
the greenhouse gas emissions.
the greenhouse gas emissions.
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673440
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forpligtigede sig til at reducere
drivhusgasudledningerne.
drivhusgasudledningerne.
11:30
The UN Framework Convention
on Climate Change
on Climate Change
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FN's Klimakonvention
11:33
says that if these so-called
intended commitments are kept,
intended commitments are kept,
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681800
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har udtalt at hvis disse såkaldte
tilsigtede forpligtigelser holdes,
tilsigtede forpligtigelser holdes,
11:39
we'd be closer
to containing global warming
to containing global warming
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vil vi være tættere
på at standse global opvarmning
på at standse global opvarmning
11:41
by two degrees Celsius.
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ved to grader celsius.
11:46
By the way,
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Forresten
11:48
I've requested the TED organizers here
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har jeg anmodet TED-arrangørerne her
11:51
to turn up the heat in here
by two degrees,
by two degrees,
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699400
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om at skrue op for varmen herinde
med to grader,
med to grader,
11:56
so if some of you
are feeling warmer than usual,
are feeling warmer than usual,
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704520
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så hvis nogen af jer
har det varmere end sædvanligt,
har det varmere end sædvanligt,
11:59
you know who to blame.
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ved I hvem det skyldes.
12:03
It's crucial that all of us
keep our commitments.
keep our commitments.
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Det er afgørende, at vi alle sammen
holder vores løfter.
holder vores løfter.
12:07
As far as Bhutan is concerned,
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For Bhutans vedkommende,
12:09
we will keep our promise
to remain carbon neutral.
to remain carbon neutral.
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717080
3440
vil vi holde vores løfte
om at forblive CO2-neutral.
om at forblive CO2-neutral.
12:13
Here are some of the ways we are doing it.
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Her er nogle, af de måder vi gør det på.
12:16
We are providing free electricity
to our rural farmers.
to our rural farmers.
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724760
2840
Vi leverer gratis elektricitet
til landmænd i yderområder.
til landmænd i yderområder.
12:20
The idea is that, with free electricity,
they will no longer have to use firewood
they will no longer have to use firewood
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728240
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Idéen er, at med gratis elektricitet,
vil de ikke længere skulle bruge brænde
vil de ikke længere skulle bruge brænde
12:26
to cook their food.
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til at lave deres mad.
12:28
We are investing in sustainable transport
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736520
2816
Vi investerer i bæredygtig transport
12:31
and subsidizing the purchase
of electric vehicles.
of electric vehicles.
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3456
og giver tilskud til køb
af elektriske køretøjer.
af elektriske køretøjer.
12:34
Similarly, we are subsidizing
the cost of LED lights,
the cost of LED lights,
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742840
4136
Ligeledes giver vi tilskud
til udgifterne på LED-pærer,
til udgifterne på LED-pærer,
12:39
and our entire government
is trying to go paperless.
is trying to go paperless.
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747000
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og hele vores regering
forsøger at blive papirløs.
forsøger at blive papirløs.
12:43
We are cleaning up our entire country
through Clean Bhutan, a national program,
through Clean Bhutan, a national program,
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Vi rydder op over hele landet
igennem Rent Bhutan, et nationalt program,
igennem Rent Bhutan, et nationalt program,
12:47
and we are planting trees
throughout our country
throughout our country
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3136
og vi planter træer
ud over hele vores land
ud over hele vores land
12:51
through Green Bhutan,
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1440
igennem Grønt Bhutan,
12:53
another national program.
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2120
et andet nationalt program.
12:56
But it is our protected areas
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764320
2176
Men det er vores beskyttede områder
12:58
that are at the core
of our carbon neutral strategy.
of our carbon neutral strategy.
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766520
3320
der er kernen i vores
strategi for CO2-neutralitet.
strategi for CO2-neutralitet.
13:02
Our protected areas are our carbon sink.
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770320
3216
Vores beskyttede områder
er vores kulstofdræn.
er vores kulstofdræn.
13:05
They are our lungs.
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773560
1800
De er vores lunger.
13:08
Today, more than half
our country is protected,
our country is protected,
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3496
I dag er over halvdelen
af vores land beskyttet,
af vores land beskyttet,
13:12
as national parks, nature reserves
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som nationalparker, naturreservater
13:14
and wildlife sanctuaries.
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782800
1920
og reservater for dyreliv.
13:17
But the beauty is that we've connected
them all with one another
them all with one another
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4096
Det gode er, at vi har forbundet
dem alle sammen med hinanden
dem alle sammen med hinanden
13:21
through a network of biological corridors.
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i et netværk af biologiske korridorer.
13:26
Now, what this means
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Betydningen af dette er,
13:27
is that our animals are free
to roam throughout our country.
to roam throughout our country.
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3920
at vores dyr kan bevæge sig frit
rundt over hele landet.
rundt over hele landet.
13:33
Take this tiger, for example.
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Tag for eksempel tigeren her.
13:35
It was spotted
at 250 meters above sea level
at 250 meters above sea level
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Den blev set
250 meter over havniveau
250 meter over havniveau
13:38
in the hot, subtropical jungles.
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2320
i den varme, subtropiske jungle.
13:42
Two years later, that same tiger
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2976
To år senere blev den selv samme tiger
13:45
was spotted near 4,000 meters
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813040
3496
set ved knap 4.000 meter
13:48
in our cold alpine mountains.
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i vores kolde alpine bjerge.
13:51
Isn't that awesome?
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Er det ikke fantastisk?
13:53
(Applause)
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821720
4056
(Bifald)
13:57
We must keep it that way.
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Vi må sikre at det kan forblive sådan.
14:00
We must keep our parks awesome.
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828480
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Vi må sikre vores fantastiske parker.
14:03
So every year, we set aside resources
to prevent poaching, hunting,
to prevent poaching, hunting,
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4696
Så hvert år sætter vi ressourcer til side
for at forhindre krybskytteri, jagt,
for at forhindre krybskytteri, jagt,
14:08
mining and pollution in our parks,
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2376
minedrift og forurening i vores parker,
14:10
and resources to help communities
who live in those parks
who live in those parks
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5136
og ressourcer til at hjælpe de samfund,
der lever i de parker
der lever i de parker
14:16
manage their forests,
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1496
med at varetage deres skove,
14:17
adapt to climate change,
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845640
1456
tilpasse sig klimaforandringer
14:19
and lead better lives while continuing
to live in harmony with Mother Nature.
to live in harmony with Mother Nature.
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847120
4000
og leve bedre liv samtidig med
fortsat at leve i harmoni med Moder Jord.
fortsat at leve i harmoni med Moder Jord.
14:24
But that is expensive.
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852600
1240
Men det er dyrt.
14:26
Over the next few years,
our small economy won't have the resources
our small economy won't have the resources
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854640
5736
I løbet af de næste par år, vil vores
lille økonomi ikke have ressourcerne
lille økonomi ikke have ressourcerne
14:32
to cover all the costs that are required
to protect our environment.
to protect our environment.
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860400
3720
til at dække alle udgifterne,
der kræves for at beskytte vores miljø.
der kræves for at beskytte vores miljø.
14:37
In fact, when we run the numbers,
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865560
1616
Faktisk, når vi ser på tallene,
14:39
it looks like it'll take us
at least 15 years
at least 15 years
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2696
ser det ud til,
at det vil tage os mindst 15 år
at det vil tage os mindst 15 år
14:41
before we can fully finance
all our conservation efforts.
all our conservation efforts.
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4160
før vi fuldt ud kan finansiere
alle vores fredningstiltag.
alle vores fredningstiltag.
14:47
But neither Bhutan,
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875280
1240
Men hverken Bhutan,
14:49
nor the world
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877720
1200
eller verden
14:51
can afford to spend 15 years
going backwards.
going backwards.
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3160
har råd til at bruge 15 år
på at gå baglæns.
på at gå baglæns.
14:56
This is why His Majesty the King
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Det er derfor Hans Majestæt Kongen
14:59
started Bhutan For Life.
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startede Bhutan For Evigt.
15:02
Bhutan For Life gives us the time we need.
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2576
Bhutan For Evigt giver os den tid
vi har brug for.
vi har brug for.
15:04
It gives us breathing room.
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1400
Den giver os plads.
15:07
It is essentially a funding mechanism
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2376
Den er et finansieringsskema,
15:09
to look after our parks,
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897520
1936
der skal varetage vores parker,
15:11
to protect our parks,
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899480
1440
beskytte vores parker,
15:13
until our government
can take over on our own fully.
can take over on our own fully.
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901680
2880
indtil vores regering
kan tage over selv.
kan tage over selv.
15:17
The idea is to raise a transition fund
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3776
Idéen er at indsamle en omstillingsstøtte
15:21
from individual donors,
corporations and institutions,
corporations and institutions,
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909520
3320
fra individuelle donorer,
virksomheder og institutioner,
virksomheder og institutioner,
15:25
but the deal is closed only
after predetermined conditions are met
after predetermined conditions are met
273
913840
4536
men aftalen lukkes kun,
såfremt de aftalte betingelser imødegås,
såfremt de aftalte betingelser imødegås,
15:30
and all funds committed.
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918400
1600
og alle midler er bundet.
15:32
So multiparty, single closing:
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920920
2920
Så flerparts-, enkelt lukning:
15:36
an idea we borrowed from Wall Street.
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924360
2160
en idé vi har lånt fra Wall Street.
15:39
This means that individual donors
can commit without having to worry
can commit without having to worry
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4296
Dette betyder, at individuelle donorer
kan binde sig uden at bekymre sig om,
kan binde sig uden at bekymre sig om,
15:44
that they'll be left
supporting an underfunded plan.
supporting an underfunded plan.
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932000
3960
at de vil ende med at støtte
en underfinansieret plan.
en underfinansieret plan.
15:49
It's something like a Kickstarter project,
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937480
2256
Lidt ligesom som et Kickstarter-projekt,
15:51
only with a 15-year time horizon
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939760
2376
bare med en 15-årig tidshorisont
15:54
and millions of tons
of carbon dioxide at stake.
of carbon dioxide at stake.
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942160
3320
og millioner tons kuldioxid på spil.
15:58
Once the deal is closed,
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946400
1720
Når aftalen er i hus,
16:01
we use the transition fund
to protect our parks,
to protect our parks,
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949320
4056
bruger vi omtillingsstøtten
til at beskytte vores parker,
til at beskytte vores parker,
16:05
giving our government time
to increase our own funding gradually
to increase our own funding gradually
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953400
5176
imens vores regering får tid til
gradvist at øge vores egen finansiering
gradvist at øge vores egen finansiering
16:10
until the end of the 15-year period.
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958600
2016
frem til udgangen af den 15-årige periode.
16:12
After that, our government
guarantees full funding forever.
guarantees full funding forever.
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960640
5560
Derefter garanterer vores regering
fuld finansiering for evigt.
fuld finansiering for evigt.
16:20
We are almost there.
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968120
1200
Vi er der næsten.
16:21
We expect to close later this year.
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1840
Vi forventer at afslutte senere i år.
16:24
Naturally, I'm pretty excited.
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1696
Jeg er naturligvis ret begejstret.
16:26
(Applause)
290
974360
3640
(Bifald)
16:32
The World Wildlife Fund
is our principle partner in this journey,
is our principle partner in this journey,
291
980280
6040
Verdensnaturfonden
er vores største partner på denne rejse,
er vores største partner på denne rejse,
16:38
and I want to give them a big shoutout
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986960
2056
og jeg har lyst til at give dem
en kæmpe hånd
en kæmpe hånd
16:41
for the excellent work
they are doing in Bhutan
they are doing in Bhutan
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989040
2320
for det store stykke arbejde
de laver i Bhutan
de laver i Bhutan
16:44
and across the world.
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1256
og over hele verden.
16:45
(Applause)
295
993440
3576
(Bifald)
16:49
Whew, it is getting warm in here.
296
997040
1960
Pyha, det er ved at blive varmt herinde.
17:04
I thank you for listening to our story,
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2000
Jeg takker jer for at lytte
til vores historie,
til vores historie,
17:07
a story of how we are keeping
our promise to remain carbon neutral,
our promise to remain carbon neutral,
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1015120
4536
en historie om hvordan vi holder vores
løfte om at forblive CO2-neutrale,
løfte om at forblive CO2-neutrale,
17:11
a story of how we are keeping
our country pristine,
our country pristine,
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1019680
3720
en historie om hvordan vi bevarer
vores land uberørt
vores land uberørt
17:16
for ourselves, our children,
300
1024359
1681
for os selv, vores børn,
17:18
for your children and for the world.
301
1026760
2079
for jeres børn og for verden.
17:22
But we are not here
to tell stories, are we?
to tell stories, are we?
302
1030560
2080
Men vi er her ikke for at fortælle
historier, er vi?
historier, er vi?
17:25
We are here to dream together.
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1033640
2760
Vi er her for at drømme sammen.
17:29
So in closing, I'd like to share
one more dream that I have.
one more dream that I have.
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1037319
3760
Som afslutning vil jeg gerne dele
en drøm mere, som jeg har.
en drøm mere, som jeg har.
17:34
What if we could mobilize
our leadership and our resources,
our leadership and our resources,
305
1042200
3616
Hvad hvis vi kunne mobilisere
vores lederskab og vores ressourcer,
vores lederskab og vores ressourcer,
17:37
our influence and our passion,
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1045839
2657
vores indflydelse og vores passion,
17:40
to replicate the Bhutan For Life idea
to other countries
to other countries
307
1048520
3296
til at reproducere Bhutan For Evigt-idéen
i andre lande
i andre lande
17:43
so that they too
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så de også
17:46
can conserve their
protected areas for all time.
protected areas for all time.
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kan bevare deres
beskyttede områder for evigt.
beskyttede områder for evigt.
17:50
After all, there are many other countries
who face the same issues that we face.
who face the same issues that we face.
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Der er sådan set mange andre lande,
der står overfor de samme problemer som os.
der står overfor de samme problemer som os.
17:53
They too have natural resources
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De har også naturressourcer,
17:56
that can help win the world's fight
for sustainability,
for sustainability,
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der kan hjælpe med til at vinde
verdens kamp for bæredygtighed,
verdens kamp for bæredygtighed,
18:00
only they may not have the ability
to invest in them now.
to invest in them now.
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selvom de måske ikke er i stand til
at investere i dem nu.
at investere i dem nu.
18:03
So what if we set up Earth For Life,
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Så hvad nu hvis vi starter
Jorden For Evigt,
Jorden For Evigt,
18:06
a global fund, to kickstart
the Bhutan For Life throughout the world?
the Bhutan For Life throughout the world?
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en global fond, der kan kickstarte
Bhutan For Evigt på verdensplan?
Bhutan For Evigt på verdensplan?
18:12
I invite you to help me,
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I inviteres til at hjælpe mig,
18:14
to carry this dream beyond our borders
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med at bære denne drøm
ud over vores grænser
ud over vores grænser
18:17
to all those who care
about our planet's future.
about our planet's future.
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til alle dem, der interesserer sig
for vores planets fremtid.
for vores planets fremtid.
18:22
After all, we're here to dream together,
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Vi er her trods alt for at drømme sammen,
18:27
to work together,
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arbejde sammen,
18:28
to fight climate change together,
to protect our planet together.
to protect our planet together.
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bekæmpe klimaforandringerne sammen,
beskytte vores planet sammen.
beskytte vores planet sammen.
18:33
Because the reality is
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For virkeligheden er,
18:36
we are in it together.
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at det vedrører os alle.
18:38
Some of us might dress differently,
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Nogen af os går måske anderledes klædt,
18:41
but we are in it together.
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men det vedrører os alle.
18:43
Thank you very much,
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Mange tak skal I have,
18:45
and kadrin chhe la. Thank you.
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og kadrin chhe la. Tak.
18:47
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
18:48
Thank you, thank you, thank you.
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Tak, tak, tak.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tshering Tobgay - Prime Minister of BhutanActing on his mandate to move Bhutan into the 21st century, Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay is transforming his nation -- while maintaining its “Gross National Happiness.”
Why you should listen
Tshering Tobgay went from civil servant to politician to prime minister -- all the while maintaining his star social media profile in one of Asia’s most progressive emerging states. As the second democratically elected Prime Minister of Bhutan, Tobgay continues to emphasize his country’s core value of happiness.
Bhutan's acclaimed "Gross National Happiness" index prioritizes well-being over financial growth. But Tobgay also seeks to solve Bhutan's great challenges: unemployment, poverty, gaps in education and infrastructure. WIth a foundation of optimism, his administration and the country's young democracy hope to become a paragon of stability in the developing world.
Tshering Tobgay | Speaker | TED.com