Alice Goffman: How we're priming some kids for college — and others for prison
Alice Goffman’s fieldwork in a struggling Philadelphia neighborhood sheds harsh light on a justice system that creates suspects rather than citizens. Full bio
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travel to adulthood,
a lot about: college.
the excitement that you felt
at this very moment.
young people in debt.
with pride and with great friends
about the world.
than they had before they got there.
the second institution
to adulthood in the United States.
are meeting with probation officers
instead of to class.
a trip to a state correctional facility.
to prison in New Jersey.
is a cold prison cell
when they come home
on this journey to adulthood
and that's because in the past 40 years,
has grown by 700 percent.
in the population.
that we're sending to prison,
and Latino communities
the young people trying to make it
a bit worse than this
poor kids to prison,
in halfway houses and on house arrest,
to negotiate a police force
communities of color,
of promoting public safety,
to line city coffers.
historic experiment in punishment:
they will be stopped, searched and seized.
but in their homes,
other path to adulthood
African-American neighborhood.
journeys going on simultaneously:
this elite, private university,
the adjacent neighborhood,
are being shipped to prison.
a young woman who was in high school
away from the university.
from a juvenile detention center.
and his friends and family,
about me writing about his life
a dissertation at Princeton
and I spent the next six years
were facing as they came of age.
in this neighborhood,
ran after the other boy.
to the younger boy,
the other child's pocket,
he was carrying any drugs
simply give up running,
against the ground
or flat up against a wall.
and you're never coming home!"
pull another child's pants down
in this neighborhood,
any contact between police
pedestrians or people in cars,
with five exceptions.
break down doors,
in their home.
in this first year and a half,
kick, stomp on or beat young men
a senior in high school.
and making C's and B's.
he followed him around a lot,
with a front lawn and a back porch.
all while the boys were growing up.
to hold down a job for very long.
that supported the family,
for food and clothes
a senior in high school.
with aggravated assault.
more than anything.
to adult county jail
he couldn't afford it --
dragged on and on and on
threw out most of the charges
of court fees hanging over his head.
to re-enroll as a senior,
to be readmitted.
issued him a warrant for his arrest
the 225 dollars in court fees
the case ended.
living on the run.
to get his warrant lifted
for the court fees
in his girlfriend's car.
as stolen in California.
of this car it had been stolen.
from a used car auction
outside of the tri-state,
receiving stolen property.
a few days later,
a stolen property
three years of probation.
hanging over his head,
how to run from the police.
on their back porch
how to spot undercover cars,
how and where to hide.
where kids were going to college,
I got to grow up in.
they're committing crimes!
living in fear of arrest?
that other young people
with impunity.
would have ended there,
an aggravated assault case.
I went to college with
if the police had stopped those kids
as they walked to class?
in the middle of the night?
really low crime rate?
Crime is down.
the '90s and through the 2000s.
of Sciences last year,
historically high incarceration rates
goes up and down
we send to prison.
in a pretty narrow way:
wrongfully convicted.
of something you did do,
there are perpetrators.
more broadly than that.
in the most disadvantaged neighborhoods,
of family resources,
the country's worst schools,
in the labor market,
where violence is an everyday problem,
the thinnest possible line --
to young kids facing these challenges?
jail time and this fugitive existence?
that prioritizes recovery,
that acknowledges
of color in the U.S. have faced
and perpetuate those exclusions.
that believes in black young people,
as the enemy to be rounded up.
wrote "The New Jim Crow,"
incarceration as a civil rights issue
they had not seen it before.
Eric Holder have come out very strongly
racial disparity in incarceration.
Stop and Frisk
decriminalize possession of marijuana.
and California
prison populations, closing prisons,
investing in education.
from the right and the left,
and fiscal conservatives,
and libertarians,
to protest police violence
decarceration initiatives
our criminal justice system
that the right and the left
this political moment in my lifetime.
who have been working tirelessly
high incarceration rates
this moment in our lifetime.
how much can we make of it?
struggling to stay out of prison
and return home.
to adulthood are worlds apart,
in these two institutions
of reforming our criminal justice system.
in the fight for equal rights,
to be granted dignity
of young people
moment, potentially,
build a new criminal justice system,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Alice Goffman - Urban sociologistAlice Goffman’s fieldwork in a struggling Philadelphia neighborhood sheds harsh light on a justice system that creates suspects rather than citizens.
Why you should listen
As an undergraduate studying sociology at the University of Pennsylvania, Alice Goffman was inspired to write her senior thesis about the lives of the young people living in the historic African-American neighborhood that surrounded the school. She lived side-by-side with a group of young men in one of the US’s most distressed communities, experiencing a troubling and rarely discussed side of urban policing -- the beatings, late night raids and body searches that systematically pit young men against authority.
Goffman spent six years in the community, the work transforming into her dissertation at Princeton and then into the book, On the Run. In it, Goffman weaves groundbreaking research into a narrative amplifying neglected and often-ignored voices into a stirring, personal indictment of the social, economic and political forces that unwittingly conspire to push entire communities to the margins of society.
Goffman is now an Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and a vocal advocate for change in America.
Alice Goffman | Speaker | TED.com