Faith Osier: The key to a better malaria vaccine
Faith Osier: La clé pour un meilleur vaccin contre le paludisme
Faith Osier is studying how humans acquire immunity to malaria and developing new malaria vaccines. Full bio
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in Africa every year,
en Afrique chaque année,
about malaria vaccines.
des vaccins contre le paludisme.
are simply not good enough.
ne sont simplement pas assez bons.
for 100 plus years.
depuis plus de 100 ans.
of what the parasite really looked like.
de ce à quoi ressemblait le parasite.
par la technologie,
et d'autres plateformes « omiques »,
et protéomiques.
une idée plus claire
the parasite really is.
has remained pretty rudimentary.
d'un vaccin est restée assez rudimentaire.
we must go back to basics
nous devons revenir aux fondamentaux
handle this complexity.
notre organisme gère cette complexité.
infected with malaria
atteints par le paludisme
but they don't get ill.
mais ils ne tombent pas malades.
notre parasite complexe,
who had overcome malaria
d'Africains qui ont surmonté le paludisme
antibody response look like?"
une bonne réponse des anticorps ? »
on the radar for malaria vaccines.
des vaccins contre le paludisme.
important parts of the parasite.
passer à côté d'éléments essentiels.
a protein of interest,
une protéine intéressante,
important for a vaccine
sur son potentiel en tant que vaccin
participants in a village in Africa,
de 300 participants d'un village africain,
would predict who got malaria
détectent les traces de paludisme
a small number of proteins
un petit nombre de protéines
30 years of this type of research
30 ans de ce type de recherches
conducted over just three months.
menée pendant trois mois seulement.
on a collecté 10 000 échantillons
in seven African countries,
dans sept pays africains,
and the variable intensity
et la variable d'intensité
to prioritize our parasite proteins,
pour classifier les protéines du parasite,
the malaria parasite on a chip.
du paludisme sur une puce.
and we're very proud of that.
et on en est très fiers.
un pouvoir incroyable.
on over 100 antibody responses.
sur plus de 100 réactions aux anticorps.
antibody response,
aux anticorps réussie,
what might make a good malaria vaccine.
un bon vaccin contre le paludisme.
do to the parasite.
sur le parasite.
Is there synergy?
et y a-t-il une synergie ?
a bit of one antibody won't be enough.
d'un seul anticorps ne suffit pas.
concentrations of antibodies
une grande concentration d'anticorps
kill the parasite in multiple ways,
tuent les parasites de plusieurs façons,
may not adequately reflect reality.
ne pas refléter fidèlement la réalité.
in greater definition,
de voir les parasites en haute définition,
overcome this complexity.
surmonte cette complexité.
the breakthroughs that we need
est la porte d'entrée vers une découverte
through vaccination.
le paludisme avec un vaccin.
are we actually to a malaria vaccine?
d'un vaccin contre le paludisme ?
at the beginning of a process
On en est au début d'un processus
what we need to put in the vaccine
dans la composition d'un vaccin
but we're getting there.
mais on est sur la bonne voie.
tell me what does it stand for
de ce que ça signifie,
Malaria Antigen Research Partnership.
de Recherche sur l'Antigène du Paludisme.
is referring to us in Africa,
in collaboration,
et réciproque,
and looking to Europe,
some strength within Africa.
to develop a malaria vaccine,
un vaccin contre le paludisme,
des scientifiques africains,
of disease in Africa is high,
le coût de la maladie est lourd,
to push the boundaries
qui continuent à repousser les limites
mentioned this a little bit,
if there were a malaria vaccine?
va-t-il changer la situation ?
half a million lives every year.
500 000 personnes par an.
12 billion US dollars a year.
12 milliards de dollars américains par an.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Faith Osier - Infectious disease doctorFaith Osier is studying how humans acquire immunity to malaria and developing new malaria vaccines.
Why you should listen
Faith Osier works to understand how humans acquire immunity to malaria and intends to use this knowledge to design highly effective vaccines. Her studies focus on infections with the parasite Plasmodium falciparum, which leads to nearly half a million deaths in Africa each year. She demonstrated that Kenyan children who did not get sick after a malaria infection had high levels of antibodies against combinations of specific proteins found within the parasite. Subsequently, her studies in immune African adults revealed that there were in fact many additional parasite proteins that could be considered for malaria vaccines. To verify her results, she designed a massive study involving children and adults from 15 different geographical locations in Africa. She designed KILchip, a custom protein microarray that enabled her team to analyze antibody responses to more than 100 intentionally selected malaria proteins in these human blood samples. Her research group also studies the mechanisms by which these antibodies kill malaria parasites.
Osier is a Professor of Malaria Immunology in the Nuffield Deptartment of Medicine at the University of Oxford, UK. She has two research laboratories: one in the Biosciences Deptartment of the KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme in Kilifi, Kenya, and the other in the Parasitology Deptartment of Heidelberg University Hospital in Heidelberg, Germany. She has won multiple awards for her work including the Royal Society Pfizer Award (UK) and the prestigious Sofja Kovalevskaja Award from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. She holds major research grants from the Wellcome Trust, is an MRC African Research Leader and an EDCTP Senior Fellow. She is also a fellow of the African Academy of Sciences, an advisor to the Executive Committee of the Federation of African Immunological Societies and the vice-president/president-elect of the International Union of Immunological Societies. She was named a TED Fellow in 2018. She is passionate about training African scientists to excel and deliver the medical interventions that are urgently needed on the continent.
Faith Osier | Speaker | TED.com