TEDGlobal 2014
Ricardo Semler: How to run a company with (almost) no rules
Ricardo Semler: Radikalna mudrost za kompaniju, školu, život
Filmed:
Readability: 2.9
3,246,933 views
Što kada vaš posao ne bi imao kontrolu nad vašim životom? Brazilski izvršni direkor Ricardo Semler prakticira radikani oblik korporativne demokracije, preispitujući sve od sastanaka do toga kako njegovi radnici prijavljuju godišnje odmore (ne moraju). To je vizija koja nagrađuje mudrost radnika, promovira ravnotežu između posla i života -- vodi do dubokog shvaćanja na što se zapravo posao i život svode. Dodatno pitanje: Što kada bi i škole tako funkcionirale?
Ricardo Semler - Organizational changemaker
Two decades after transforming a struggling equipment supplier into a radically democratic and resilient (and successful) company, Ricardo Semler wants organizations to become wise. Full bio
Two decades after transforming a struggling equipment supplier into a radically democratic and resilient (and successful) company, Ricardo Semler wants organizations to become wise. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
On Mondays and Thursdays,
I learn how to die.
I learn how to die.
0
986
4192
Ponedjeljkom i četvrtkom učim
kako umrijeti.
kako umrijeti.
Nazivam ih svojim terminalnim danima.
00:17
I call them my terminal days.
1
5178
1924
00:19
My wife Fernanda doesn't like the term,
2
7102
2834
Mojoj supruzi Fernandi se ne
sviđa taj naziv,
sviđa taj naziv,
00:21
but a lot of people in my family died
of melanoma cancer
of melanoma cancer
3
9936
4802
ali više članova moje obitelji umrlo
je od raka kože,
je od raka kože,
a imali su ga i moji roditelji i djedovi.
00:26
and my parents and grandparents had it.
4
14738
2635
00:29
And I kept thinking, one day I could
be sitting in front of a doctor
be sitting in front of a doctor
5
17373
3284
I tako sam mislio, jednog dana bi ja
mogao sjediti ispred liječnika
mogao sjediti ispred liječnika
koji će pogledati moje nalaze i reći,
00:32
who looks at my exams and says,
6
20657
2122
00:34
"Ricardo, things don't look very good.
7
22779
2315
"Ricardo, stvari ne izgledaju najbolje.
00:37
You have six months or a year to live."
8
25094
2679
Ostalo vam je šest mjeseci do
godinu dana života."
godinu dana života."
00:39
And you start thinking about
what you would do with this time.
what you would do with this time.
9
27773
3246
I vi počinjete razmišljati što biste
napravili s tim vremenom.
napravili s tim vremenom.
00:43
And you say, "I'm going to spend
more time with the kids.
more time with the kids.
10
31034
2780
I kažete si, "Provest ću više
vremena s djecom
vremena s djecom
otići ću na te destinacije,
00:45
I'm going to visit these places,
11
33839
1557
ići ću gore dolje planinama i vrletima
00:47
I'm going to go up and down
mountains and places
mountains and places
12
35423
2455
i napravit ću sve one stvari koje nisam
dok sam imao vremena."
dok sam imao vremena."
00:49
and I'm going to do all the things
I didn't do when I had the time."
I didn't do when I had the time."
13
37916
3786
00:53
But of course, we all know
14
41806
1833
No, naravno, svi znamo
00:55
these are very bittersweet memories
we're going to have.
we're going to have.
15
43639
2984
sjećanje na ovo imat će gorak okus.
00:58
It's very difficult to do.
16
46623
1323
To je jako teško napraviti
00:59
You spend a good part of the time
crying, probably.
crying, probably.
17
47946
3653
Provest ćete najveći dio vremena
plačući, najvjerojatnije.
plačući, najvjerojatnije.
01:03
So I said, I'm going to do something else.
18
51599
2387
Zato sam rekao, ja ću napraviti
nešto drugo.
nešto drugo.
01:05
Every Monday and Thursday,
I'm going use my terminal days.
I'm going use my terminal days.
19
53986
4839
Svakog ponedjeljka i četvrtka iskoristiti
ću svoje terminalne dane.
ću svoje terminalne dane.
01:10
And I will do, during those days,
20
58825
2369
I ja ću tijekom tih dana raditi
01:13
whatever it is I was going to do
if I had received that piece of news.
if I had received that piece of news.
21
61194
3527
sve ono što bi napravio da su mi
priopćili takvu vijest.
priopćili takvu vijest.
01:16
(Laughter)
22
64721
1373
(Smijeh)
01:18
When you think about --
23
66094
2034
Kad mislimo o –
01:20
(Applause)
24
68128
4165
(Pljesak)
01:24
when you think about the opposite of work,
25
72293
2477
Kad mislimo o tome što je suprotno radu,
01:26
we, many times, think it's leisure.
26
74770
2477
mi, više puta, mislimo kako je to odmor.
I onda si kažete, kako trebate slobodnog
vremena za odmor, i tome slično.
vremena za odmor, i tome slično.
01:29
And you say, ah, I need
some leisure time, and so forth.
some leisure time, and so forth.
27
77247
3067
01:32
But the fact is that,
leisure is a very busy thing.
leisure is a very busy thing.
28
80314
3537
Ali činjenica je kako smo u slobodno
vrijeme jako zaposleni.
vrijeme jako zaposleni.
01:35
You go play golf and tennis,
and you meet people,
and you meet people,
29
83851
2399
Igramo golf i tenis, susrećemo
druge ljude,
druge ljude,
01:38
and you're going for lunch,
and you're late for the movies.
and you're late for the movies.
30
86250
3110
idemo s nekim na ručak,
i ostajemo do kasno uz film.
i ostajemo do kasno uz film.
01:41
It's a very crowded thing that we do.
31
89362
2048
Radimo cijelo čudo stvari.
01:43
The opposite of work is idleness.
32
91410
4120
Suprotno od rada je lijenost.
01:47
But very few of us know
what to do with idleness.
what to do with idleness.
33
95530
2415
Ali jako mali broj nas zna
što bi s lijenosti.
što bi s lijenosti.
01:49
When you look at the way
that we distribute our lives in general,
that we distribute our lives in general,
34
97945
4057
Ako gledate da mi na neki način
svoj život općenito raspodjeljujemo,
svoj život općenito raspodjeljujemo,
01:54
you realize that in the periods
in which we have a lot of money,
in which we have a lot of money,
35
102007
4554
onda shvatite da u razdobljima
kad imate puno novaca
kad imate puno novaca
imate jako malo vremena.
01:58
we have very little time.
36
106561
1997
02:00
And then when we finally have time,
we have neither the money nor the health.
we have neither the money nor the health.
37
108558
5027
I onda, kad konačno imamo vremena,
više nemamo ni novaca ni zdravlja.
više nemamo ni novaca ni zdravlja.
02:05
So we started thinking about that
as a company for the last 30 years.
as a company for the last 30 years.
38
113585
4620
Pa smo tako mi kao kompanija počeli
razmišljati o tome prije nekih 30 godina.
razmišljati o tome prije nekih 30 godina.
02:10
This is a complicated company
with thousands of employees,
with thousands of employees,
39
118205
3171
Mi smo komplicirana kompanija
s tisućama zaposlenih
s tisućama zaposlenih
02:13
hundreds of millions
of dollars of business
of dollars of business
40
121376
2360
i stotinama milijuna dolara investicija
02:15
that makes rocket fuel propellent systems,
runs 4,000 ATMs in Brazil,
runs 4,000 ATMs in Brazil,
41
123736
6553
što nas čini sustavom na raketni pogon,
imamo 4.000 bankomata u Brazilu
imamo 4.000 bankomata u Brazilu
02:22
does income tax preparation
for dozens of thousands.
for dozens of thousands.
42
130289
3357
pripremamo porezna izvješća
za nekoliko desetaka tisuća ljudi.
za nekoliko desetaka tisuća ljudi.
02:25
So this is not a simple business.
43
133646
3612
Dakle to nije jednostavan posao.
02:29
We looked at it and we said,
44
137258
2128
U nekom trenutku smo ga pogledali i rekli
02:31
let's devolve to these people,
let's give these people a company
let's give these people a company
45
139386
4868
idemo se vratiti tim ljudima
dajmo tim ljudima kompaniju
dajmo tim ljudima kompaniju
02:36
where we take away
all the boarding school aspects
all the boarding school aspects
46
144254
2380
iz koje ćemo izuzeti sve one
knjiški dosadne aspekte
knjiški dosadne aspekte
02:38
of, this is when you arrive,
this is how you dress,
this is how you dress,
47
146634
2389
kao što su, tada trebate doći,
tako se trebate oblačiti,
tako se trebate oblačiti,
02:41
this is how you go to meetings,
this is what you say,
this is what you say,
48
149023
2562
tako trebate ići na sastanke,
to trebate reći,
to trebate reći,
02:43
this is what you don't say,
49
151585
1321
ovo ne smijete reći,
02:44
and let's see what's left.
50
152906
1506
pa da vidimo što će ostati.
02:46
So we started this about 30 years ago,
51
154412
1830
S tim smo počeli prije nekih 30 godina
02:48
and we started dealing
with this very issue.
with this very issue.
52
156242
2525
i počeli smo se nositi
s tim problemom.
s tim problemom.
02:50
And so we said, look, the retirement,
53
158767
2197
Rekli smo, vidiš, mirovina,
02:52
the whole issue of how
we distribute our graph of life.
we distribute our graph of life.
54
160964
3142
kompletan problem kako
raspoređujemo naš životni graf
raspoređujemo naš životni graf
02:56
Instead of going mountain climbing
when you're 82,
when you're 82,
55
164106
3157
Umjesto planinarenja u 82.,
02:59
why don't you do it next week?
56
167263
2173
zašto to ne bi učinili sljedeći tjedan?
03:01
And we'll do it like this,
57
169436
1355
Učinit ćemo to ovako,
03:02
we'll sell you back your Wednesdays
for 10 percent of your salary.
for 10 percent of your salary.
58
170791
4396
prodat ćemo vam vaše srijede
za 10 posto vaše plaće.
za 10 posto vaše plaće.
03:07
So now, if you were going to be
a violinist, which you probably weren't,
a violinist, which you probably weren't,
59
175187
4253
Pa tako sada, ako ste htjeli biti
violinist, što vjerojatno niste,
violinist, što vjerojatno niste,
03:11
you go and do this on Wednesday.
60
179440
2154
možete to učiniti srijedom.
03:13
And what we found --
61
181594
1347
I što smo otkrili---
03:14
we thought, these are the older people
62
182941
2537
mislili smo kako će stariji ljudi
03:17
who are going to be really interested
in this program.
in this program.
63
185478
2599
biti oni koji će uistinu biti
zainteresirani za ovaj program.
zainteresirani za ovaj program.
03:20
And the average age
of the first people who adhered
of the first people who adhered
64
188077
2454
A prosječna životna dob
prvih ljudi koji su ovo odabrali
prvih ljudi koji su ovo odabrali
03:22
were 29, of course.
65
190531
1448
bila je 29, naravno.
03:23
And so we started looking,
66
191979
1358
I tako smo počeli promatrati,
03:25
and we said, we have to do things
in a different way.
in a different way.
67
193337
2500
i rekli smo si, moramo čini stvari
na drugačiji način.
na drugačiji način.
03:27
So we started saying things like,
68
195837
1771
Pa smo počeli govoriti stvari poput,
03:29
why do we want to know
what time you came to work,
what time you came to work,
69
197608
2374
zašto bi htjeli znati u koje
vrijeme ste došli na posao,
vrijeme ste došli na posao,
03:31
what time you left, etc.?
70
199982
1251
kada ste otišli, itd.?
03:33
Can't we exchange this for a contract
71
201233
2354
Možemo li tako što zamjeniti ugovorom
03:35
for buying something from you,
some kind of work?
some kind of work?
72
203587
3462
gdje ćemo recimo nešto kupiti od
vas, recimo neku vrstu posla?
vas, recimo neku vrstu posla?
03:39
Why are we building these headquarters?
73
207049
2021
Zašto gradimo ove poslovne zgrade?
03:41
Is it not an ego issue
that we want to look solid
that we want to look solid
74
209070
2768
Nije li to stvar ega
jer želimo izgledati uvjerljivo
jer želimo izgledati uvjerljivo
03:43
and big and important?
75
211838
1879
i veliko i važno?
03:45
But we're dragging you two hours
across town because of it?
across town because of it?
76
213717
3284
I zato vas navlačimo dva sata
kroz cijeli grad?
kroz cijeli grad?
03:49
So we started asking questions one by one.
77
217001
3531
Zato smo počeli postavljati pitanja
jedno za drugim.
jedno za drugim.
Pitali smo se recimo ovakva pitanja:
03:52
We'd say it like this:
78
220532
1393
03:53
One: How do we find people?
79
221925
2282
Prvo: Kako pronalazimo ljude?
03:56
We'd go out and try
and recruit people and we'd say,
and recruit people and we'd say,
80
224207
3183
Izašli bi s ponudom i pokušali
unovačiti ljude pa bi im rekli,
unovačiti ljude pa bi im rekli,
03:59
look, when you come to us,
81
227390
1553
vidite, kad dođete k nama
04:00
we're not going to have
two or three interviews
two or three interviews
82
228943
2222
mi vas nećemo provući kroz
dva ili tri intervjua
dva ili tri intervjua
04:03
and then you're going to be
married to us for life.
married to us for life.
83
231165
2412
pa ćete onda biti
vjenčani za nas ostatak života.
vjenčani za nas ostatak života.
To nije način na koji mi uređujemo
ostatak života.
ostatak života.
04:05
That's not how we do
the rest of our lives.
the rest of our lives.
84
233577
2150
04:07
So, come have your interviews.
85
235727
2105
Zato, dođete na svoje intervjue.
04:09
Anyone who's interested
in interviewing, you will show up.
in interviewing, you will show up.
86
237832
3436
Svatko tko je zainteresiran za
intervjuiranje će se pojaviti.
intervjuiranje će se pojaviti.
04:13
And then we'll see what happens
out of the intuition that rises from that,
out of the intuition that rises from that,
87
241268
3993
I onda ćemo vidjeti što će se dogoditi
iz intuicije koja će se izroditi iz toga,
iz intuicije koja će se izroditi iz toga,
04:17
instead of just filling out the little
items of whether you're the right person.
items of whether you're the right person.
88
245261
4042
umjesto da samo ispunjavamo rubrike
o tome jeste li vi prava osoba.
o tome jeste li vi prava osoba.
04:21
And then, come back.
89
249303
2117
I onda, dođite opet.
Provodite poslijepodne, provedite cijeli
dan razgovarajući s kim god želite.
dan razgovarajući s kim god želite.
04:23
Spend an afternoon, spend a whole day,
talk to anybody you want.
talk to anybody you want.
90
251420
3061
04:26
Make sure we are the bride
you thought we were
you thought we were
91
254481
3061
Uvjerite se da smo mi mladenka
za koju ste mislili da jesmo
za koju ste mislili da jesmo
04:29
and not all the bullshit
we put into our own ads.
we put into our own ads.
92
257542
3063
a ne sva ona sranja koja
stavljamo u svoju promidžbu.
stavljamo u svoju promidžbu.
04:32
(Laughter)
93
260605
2076
(Smijeh)
04:34
Slowly we went to a process
where we'd say things like,
where we'd say things like,
94
262681
3696
Polako smo ušli u proces
u kojem kažemo stvari kao što su,
u kojem kažemo stvari kao što su,
04:38
we don't want anyone to be
a leader in the company
a leader in the company
95
266377
2761
ne želimo da itko bude vođa
unutar kompanije
unutar kompanije
04:41
if they haven't been
interviewed and approved
interviewed and approved
96
269138
2143
ako nije bio intervjuiran i potvrđen
04:43
by their future subordinates.
97
271281
2851
od strane onih koje će ubuduće voditi.
04:46
Every six months, everyone gets
evaluated, anonymously, as a leader.
evaluated, anonymously, as a leader.
98
274132
4877
Svakih 6 mjeseci, svatko bude ocijenjen,
anonimno, kao vođa.
anonimno, kao vođa.
04:51
And this determines whether they should
continue in that leadership position,
continue in that leadership position,
99
279588
4032
I to presuđuje hoće li se zadržati na toj
voditeljskoj poziciji
voditeljskoj poziciji
04:55
which is many times
situational, as you know.
situational, as you know.
100
283620
2790
što je mnogo puta
situacija, kao što znate.
situacija, kao što znate.
04:58
And so if they don't have 70, 80 percent
of a grade, they don't stay,
of a grade, they don't stay,
101
286410
6054
Pa tako ako ne skupe 70, 80 posto
ocjenskih bodova, ne ostaju,
ocjenskih bodova, ne ostaju,
05:04
which is probably the reason why
I haven't been CEO for more than 10 years.
I haven't been CEO for more than 10 years.
102
292464
4339
što je vjerojatno razlog zašto ja nisam
bio izvršni direktor više od 10 godina.
bio izvršni direktor više od 10 godina.
05:08
And over time, we started asking
other questions.
other questions.
103
296803
3896
S vremenom smo se počeli
pitati druga pitanja.
pitati druga pitanja.
05:12
We said things like,
104
300699
1516
Recimo pitamo se
05:14
why can't people set their own salaries?
105
302215
3329
zašto si ljudi ne bi mogli
sami odrediti plaću?
sami odrediti plaću?
05:17
What do they need to know?
106
305544
1576
Što za to trebaju znati?
05:19
There's only three things
you need to know:
you need to know:
107
307120
2063
Postoje samo tri stvari
koje trebate znati:
koje trebate znati:
05:21
how much people make inside the company,
108
309183
2335
koliko ljudi zarađuju unutar kompanije,
05:23
how much people make somewhere
else in a similar business
else in a similar business
109
311518
2869
koliko ljudi zarađuju negdje drugdje
baveći se sličnim poslom,
baveći se sličnim poslom,
05:26
and how much we make in general
to see whether we can afford it.
to see whether we can afford it.
110
314387
3292
i koliko mi općenito zarađujemo da
vidimo možemo li si to priuštiti?
vidimo možemo li si to priuštiti?
05:29
So let's give people these three
pieces of information.
pieces of information.
111
317679
2585
Pa dajmo onda ljudima
te tri informacije.
te tri informacije.
05:32
So we started having, in the cafeteria,
112
320264
2008
Pa smo tako počeli držati, u kafeteriji,
05:34
a computer where you could go in
and you could ask
and you could ask
113
322272
2501
računalo u koji uđete i pitate
05:36
what someone spent,
how much someone makes,
how much someone makes,
114
324773
2197
koliko netko troši,
koliko netko zarađuje,
koliko netko zarađuje,
05:38
what they make in benefits,
what the company makes,
what the company makes,
115
326970
2480
kakve imaju pogodnosti,,
koliko kompanija zarađuje,
koliko kompanija zarađuje,
05:41
what the margins are, and so forth.
116
329450
2310
koje su nam margine, i tako dalje.
05:43
And this is 25 years ago.
117
331760
2762
A danas je 25 godina kako
05:47
As this information started
coming to people,
coming to people,
118
335452
2735
je ta informacija
počela dolaziti ljudima
počela dolaziti ljudima
pa sada možemo reći recimo, ne želimo
vidjeti tvoj financijski izvještaj,
vidjeti tvoj financijski izvještaj,
05:50
we said things like, we don't want
to see your expense report,
to see your expense report,
119
338187
3109
05:53
we don't want to know how many
holidays you're taking,
holidays you're taking,
120
341296
2572
ne zanima nas koliko si bio na godišnjem,
05:55
we don't want to know where you work.
121
343892
1888
ne zanima nas gdje si radio.
05:57
We had, at one point,
14 different offices around town,
14 different offices around town,
122
345780
2976
Imali smo, u jednom trenutku,
14 različitih ureda po gradu,
14 različitih ureda po gradu,
06:00
and we'd say, go to the one
that's closest to your house,
that's closest to your house,
123
348756
3394
pa bi rekli, odi u onaj koji je
najbliži tvojoj kući,
najbliži tvojoj kući,
06:04
to the customer that
you're going to visit today.
you're going to visit today.
124
352150
2501
ili onaj koji je najbliži klijentu kojeg
ćeš danas posjetiti.
ćeš danas posjetiti.
06:06
Don't tell us where you are.
125
354651
2119
Nemoj nam reći gdje si.
06:08
And more, even when we had
thousands of people, 5,000 people,
thousands of people, 5,000 people,
126
356770
4125
Štoviše, čak i kad smo imali
tisuće ljudi, 5.000 ljudi,
tisuće ljudi, 5.000 ljudi,
06:12
we had two people in the H.R. department,
127
360895
3378
imali smo samo 2 čovjeka
u službi ljudskih resursa,
u službi ljudskih resursa,
06:16
and thankfully one of them has retired.
128
364273
2398
i srećom jedan je otišao u mirovinu.
06:18
(Laughter)
129
366671
1959
(Smijeh)
06:20
And so, the question we were asking was,
how can we be taking care of people?
how can we be taking care of people?
130
368630
3754
I konačno pitanje koje smo si uvijek
postavljali, kako se brinuti za ljude?
postavljali, kako se brinuti za ljude?
06:24
People are the only thing we have.
131
372384
1803
Ljudi su najvažnije
od svega što imamo.
od svega što imamo.
06:26
We can't have a department that runs
after people and looks after people.
after people and looks after people.
132
374187
3438
Ne možemo imati službu koji bi
pratila i pazila na ljude.
pratila i pazila na ljude.
06:29
So as we started finding that this worked,
and we'd say, we're looking for --
and we'd say, we're looking for --
133
377625
5381
I kako smo počeli shvaćati da to
funkcionira, rekli smo si, mi tražimo---
funkcionira, rekli smo si, mi tražimo---
06:35
and this is, I think,
the main thing I was looking for
the main thing I was looking for
134
383006
2695
a to je, ja mislim, najvažnija
stvar koju smo tražili
stvar koju smo tražili
06:37
in the terminal days and in the company,
135
385701
2043
u terminalnim danima i u kompaniji,
06:39
which is, how do you set up for wisdom?
136
387744
3569
a ta je, kako stvari posložiti za mudrost?
06:43
We've come from an age of revolution,
industrial revolution,
industrial revolution,
137
391313
4676
Mi dolazimo iz doba revolucije,
industrijske revolucije,
industrijske revolucije,
06:47
an age of information,
an age of knowledge,
an age of knowledge,
138
395989
2683
iz doba informacija
doba znanja,
doba znanja,
06:50
but we're not any closer
to the age of wisdom.
to the age of wisdom.
139
398672
2612
ali se nimalo nismo približili
dobu mudrosti.
dobu mudrosti.
06:53
How we design, how do we organize,
for more wisdom?
for more wisdom?
140
401284
3327
Kako dizajniramo, kako se organiziramo,
prema većoj mudrosti?
prema većoj mudrosti?
06:56
So for example, many times,
141
404611
1543
Tako na primjer, mnogo puta,
06:58
what's the smartest or the intelligent
decision doesn't jive.
decision doesn't jive.
142
406154
4347
ono što je najpametnija ili inteligentna
odluka ne zaživi.
odluka ne zaživi.
07:02
So we'd say things like,
143
410501
2382
Tako na primjer kažemo,
07:04
let's agree that you're going to sell
57 widgets per week.
57 widgets per week.
144
412883
4007
Idemo se dogovoriti da ćeš
prodati 57 spravica tjedno.
prodati 57 spravica tjedno.
07:08
If you sell them by Wednesday,
please go to the beach.
please go to the beach.
145
416890
3673
Ako ih prodaš do srijede,
molim te odi na plažu.
molim te odi na plažu.
07:12
Don't create a problem for us,
for manufacturing, for application,
for manufacturing, for application,
146
420563
3711
Nemoj nam praviti probleme,
ni proizvodnji, ni primjeni,
ni proizvodnji, ni primjeni,
jer onda moramo kupovati nove kompanije,
moramo kupiti svoju konkurenciju,
moramo kupiti svoju konkurenciju,
07:16
then we have to buy new companies,
we have to buy our competitors,
we have to buy our competitors,
147
424274
3103
07:19
we have to do all kinds of things
because you sold too many widgets.
because you sold too many widgets.
148
427377
3222
moramo raditi sve i svašta zato što
si ti prodao previše spravica.
si ti prodao previše spravica.
Zato lijepo odi na plažu
i ponovno se pojavi u ponedjeljak.
i ponovno se pojavi u ponedjeljak.
07:22
So go to the beach
and start again on Monday.
and start again on Monday.
149
430599
2236
07:24
(Laughter) (Applause)
150
432835
2436
(Smijeh)(Pljesak)
07:27
So the process is looking for wisdom.
151
435271
3339
Dakle, proces je potraga za mudrošću.
07:30
And in the process, of course,
we wanted people to know everything,
we wanted people to know everything,
152
438610
3540
I u tom procesu, naravno,
željeli smo da ljudi znaju sve,
željeli smo da ljudi znaju sve,
07:34
and we wanted to be truly democratic
about the way we ran things.
about the way we ran things.
153
442150
3369
i htjeli smo istinski biti demokratski
u načinu po kojem radimo stvari.
u načinu po kojem radimo stvari.
07:37
So our board had two seats open
with the same voting rights,
with the same voting rights,
154
445519
5691
Pa tako naša uprava ima dva otvorena
mjesta s jednakim glasačkim pravom,
mjesta s jednakim glasačkim pravom,
07:43
for the first two people who showed up.
155
451210
2118
za bilo koja dva čovjeka
koji se prvi pojave.
koji se prvi pojave.
07:45
(Laughter)
156
453328
1568
(Smijeh)
07:46
And so we had cleaning ladies voting
on a board meeting,
on a board meeting,
157
454896
5236
Pa smo tako imali čistačice koje su
glasale na upravnom odboru,
glasale na upravnom odboru,
07:52
which had a lot of other very important
people in suits and ties.
people in suits and ties.
158
460132
3096
zajedno s nizom vrlo važnih ljudi
u odijelima i kravatama.
u odijelima i kravatama.
07:55
And the fact is that they kept us honest.
159
463228
3629
A činjenica je da su nam
one čuvale poštenje.
one čuvale poštenje.
07:58
This process, as we started looking
at the people who came to us,
at the people who came to us,
160
466857
3749
U tom procesu, kako smo počeli
promatrati ljude koji su nam dolazili,
promatrati ljude koji su nam dolazili,
08:02
we'd say, now wait a second,
161
470606
1578
rekli bi, pričekajte malo,
08:04
people come to us and they say,
where am I supposed to sit?
where am I supposed to sit?
162
472184
2883
ljudi dolaze k nama i pitaju,
gdje bih trebao sjesti?
gdje bih trebao sjesti?
08:07
How am I supposed to work?
Where am I going to be in 5 years' time?
Where am I going to be in 5 years' time?
163
475067
3240
Kako bih trebao raditi?
Gdje ću biti za 5 godina?
Gdje ću biti za 5 godina?
08:10
And we looked at that and we said,
we have to start much earlier.
we have to start much earlier.
164
478308
3078
Gledali smo to i onda smo zaključili
moramo početi puno ranije.
moramo početi puno ranije.
08:13
Where do we start?
165
481386
1023
Gdje treba početi?
08:14
We said, oh, kindergarten
seems like a good place.
seems like a good place.
166
482409
2515
Rekli smo, oh pa vrtić se čini
dobrim mjestom.
dobrim mjestom.
08:16
So we set up a foundation, which now has,
for 11 years, three schools,
for 11 years, three schools,
167
484924
4657
I tako smo osnovali zakladu, kojoj je
sada 11 godina, ima tri škole,
sada 11 godina, ima tri škole,
08:21
where we started asking
the same questions,
the same questions,
168
489581
2302
tamo smo si počeli
postavljati ista pitanja
postavljati ista pitanja
08:23
how do you redesign school for wisdom?
169
491883
2912
kako redizajnirati škole za mudrost?
08:26
It is one thing to say,
we need to recycle the teachers,
we need to recycle the teachers,
170
494795
2929
Jedno je reći,
treba reciklirati učitelje,
treba reciklirati učitelje,
08:29
we need the directors to do more.
171
497724
1674
trebaju nam ravnatelji koji mogu više.
08:31
But the fact is that what we do
with education is entirely obsolete.
with education is entirely obsolete.
172
499401
5932
No činjenica je kako je ono što činimo
s obrazovanjem posve zastarjelo.
s obrazovanjem posve zastarjelo.
08:37
The teacher's role is entirely obsolete.
173
505333
2498
Uloga učitelja je posve zastarjela.
08:39
Going from a math class, to biology,
to 14th-century France is very silly.
to 14th-century France is very silly.
174
507831
5647
Ići sa matematike, na biologiju, pa na
Francusku 14. stoljeća je jako smiješno.
Francusku 14. stoljeća je jako smiješno.
08:45
(Applause)
175
513482
4702
(Pljesak)
08:50
So we started thinking,
what could it look like?
what could it look like?
176
518184
2729
Pa smo počeli razmišljati
kako bi to trebalo izgledati?
kako bi to trebalo izgledati?
08:52
And we put together people,
including people who like education,
including people who like education,
177
520913
3569
Pa smo skupili ljude, uključujući one
koji vole obrazovanje,
koji vole obrazovanje,
08:56
people like Paulo Freire,
and two ministers of education in Brazil
and two ministers of education in Brazil
178
524482
5435
ljude poput Paulo Freire-a,
i dva ministra obrazovanja iz Brazila
i dva ministra obrazovanja iz Brazila
09:01
and we said, if we were to design
a school from scratch,
a school from scratch,
179
529917
2669
i rekli smo, ako bi dizajnirali
školu od samih temelja,
školu od samih temelja,
09:04
what would it look like?
180
532586
1427
kako bi izgledala?
09:06
And so we created this school,
which is called Lumiar,
which is called Lumiar,
181
534013
3733
I onda smo kreirali tu školu
koja se zove Lumiar,
koja se zove Lumiar,
09:09
and Lumiar, one of them
is a public school,
is a public school,
182
537746
2152
a Lumiar, jedna od njih je
javna škola,
javna škola,
09:11
and Lumiar says the following:
183
539898
1806
i Lumiar kaže sljedeće:
09:13
Let's divide this role
of the teacher into two.
of the teacher into two.
184
541704
4177
Podijelimo ulogu učitelja
na dva dijela.
na dva dijela.
09:17
One guy, we'll call a tutor.
185
545881
2361
Jednog od njih, zvat ćemo učitelj.
09:20
A tutor, in the old sense of the Greek
"paideia": Look after the kid.
"paideia": Look after the kid.
186
548242
4975
Učitelj na starogrčkom 'paideia':
onaj koji pazi na dijete.
onaj koji pazi na dijete.
09:25
What's happening at home,
what's their moment in life, etc..
what's their moment in life, etc..
187
553217
3830
Što se događa kod kuće,
koji su im značajni životni trenuci, itd.
koji su im značajni životni trenuci, itd.
09:29
But please don't teach,
188
557047
1340
Samo molim vas ne podučavajte,
09:30
because the little you know compared
to Google, we don't want to know.
to Google, we don't want to know.
189
558387
3410
jer koliko je malo ono što znate u odnosu
na Google, to mi ne želimo znati.
na Google, to mi ne želimo znati.
09:33
Keep that to yourself.
190
561797
1152
Zadržite to za sebe.
09:34
(Laughter)
191
562949
1348
(Smijeh)
09:36
Now, we'll bring in people
who have two things:
who have two things:
192
564297
3953
Sada uzimamo ljude koji
posjeduju dvije osobine:
posjeduju dvije osobine:
09:40
passion and expertise, and it could be
their profession or not.
their profession or not.
193
568250
4367
strast i ekspertiza, a to može
biti njihova profesija ili ne.
biti njihova profesija ili ne.
09:44
And we use the senior citizens,
194
572617
1917
Koristimo ljude starije dobi,
09:46
who are 25 percent of the population
with wisdom that nobody wants anymore.
with wisdom that nobody wants anymore.
195
574534
4353
koji čine 25 posto populacije
s mudrošću koju više nitko ne treba.
s mudrošću koju više nitko ne treba.
09:50
So we bring them to school and we say,
196
578887
2607
Vratimo ih u školu i kažemo,
09:53
teach these kids whatever
you really believe in.
you really believe in.
197
581494
3836
učite tu djecu bilo što u
što uistinu vjerujete.
što uistinu vjerujete.
09:57
So we have violinists teaching math.
198
585330
2616
Pa tako imamo violinista koji
podučava matematiku.
podučava matematiku.
09:59
We have all kinds of things where we say,
199
587946
2565
Imamo niz slučajeva u kojima kažemo,
10:02
don't worry about
the course material anymore.
the course material anymore.
200
590511
2981
ne brinite više o materijalima
za svoje predmete.
za svoje predmete.
10:05
We have approximately 10 great threads
that go from 2 to 17.
that go from 2 to 17.
201
593492
4964
Imamo otprilike 10 velikih
usmjerenja od 2. do 17.
usmjerenja od 2. do 17.
10:10
Things like, how do we measure
ourselves as humans?
ourselves as humans?
202
598456
4390
Stvari kao što su, kako
procjenjujemo sebe kao ljude?
procjenjujemo sebe kao ljude?
10:14
So there's a place for math and physics
and all that there.
and all that there.
203
602846
3626
Postoje mjesta za matematiku
i fiziku i sve ostalo.
i fiziku i sve ostalo.
10:18
How do we express ourselves?
204
606472
1864
Kako se izražavamo?
10:20
So there's a place
for music and literature, etc.,
for music and literature, etc.,
205
608336
2405
Postoji mjesto za glazbu i
literaturu, itd.,
literaturu, itd.,
10:22
but also for grammar.
206
610741
1644
ali i za gramatiku.
10:24
And then we have things
that everyone has forgotten,
that everyone has forgotten,
207
612385
2657
A onda imamo stvari na koje
su svi zaboravili,
su svi zaboravili,
10:27
which are probably the most
important things in life.
important things in life.
208
615042
2569
koje su vjerojatno najvažnije
stvari u životu.
stvari u životu.
10:29
The very important things in life,
we know nothing about.
we know nothing about.
209
617611
3698
Jako važne stvari u životu
o kojima baš ništa ne znamo.
o kojima baš ništa ne znamo.
10:33
We know nothing about love,
210
621309
2240
Ne znamo ništa o ljubavi,
10:35
we know nothing about death,
211
623549
2092
ništa o smrti,
10:37
we know nothing about why we're here.
212
625641
2077
ništa o tome zašto smo tu.
10:39
So we need a thread in school that
talks about everything we don't know.
talks about everything we don't know.
213
627718
4534
Zato trebamo školsko usmjerenje koje
govori o svemu onome o čemu ne znamo.
govori o svemu onome o čemu ne znamo.
10:44
So that's a big part of what we do.
214
632252
2104
Eto to je veliki dio onoga što mi radimo.
10:46
(Applause)
215
634356
5595
(Pljesak)
10:51
So over the years, we started going
into other things.
into other things.
216
639951
2918
Tijekom godina, krenuli
smo i u druge stvari.
smo i u druge stvari.
Razgovarali smo o tome zašto
treba grditi djecu
treba grditi djecu
10:54
We'd say, why do we have to scold the kids
217
642869
2162
i govoriti, tu sjedni i dođi ovamo
i napravi ovo, i tako redom.
i napravi ovo, i tako redom.
10:57
and say, sit down and come here
and do that, and so forth.
and do that, and so forth.
218
645031
2791
10:59
We said, let's get the kids to do
something we call a circle,
something we call a circle,
219
647822
3315
Rekli smo, idemo uvesti djecu u
nešto što zovemo krug,
nešto što zovemo krug,
11:03
which meets once a week.
220
651137
1265
koji se sastaje jednom tjedno.
11:04
And we'd say, you put the rules together
221
652402
2310
Pa im kažemo, vi sastavite svoja pravila,
11:06
and then you decide
what you want to do with it.
what you want to do with it.
222
654712
2327
a zatim odlučite
što želite učiniti s njima.
što želite učiniti s njima.
11:09
So can you all hit yourself on the head?
223
657039
2182
Možete li se sada svi počešati po glavi?
11:11
Sure, for a week, try.
224
659221
2322
Naravno, tijekom jednog tjedna, pokušajte.
11:13
They came up with the very same
rules that we had,
rules that we had,
225
661543
3935
Oni su došli do potpuno istih
pravila koja smo mi imali,
pravila koja smo mi imali,
osim što su to sada njihova pravila.
11:17
except they're theirs.
226
665478
1391
11:18
And then, they have the power,
227
666869
2245
A onda, onda oni imaju moć,
11:21
which means, they can and do
suspend and expel kids
suspend and expel kids
228
669114
4992
što znači, oni mogu i hoće
suspendirati i izbaciti neko dijete
suspendirati i izbaciti neko dijete
11:26
so that we're not playing school,
they really decide.
they really decide.
229
674106
5398
pa se oni ne igraju škole
već stvarno odlučuju.
već stvarno odlučuju.
11:31
And then, in this same vein,
230
679504
3043
I onda, u tom istom duhu,
11:34
we keep a digital mosaic,
231
682547
2394
održavamo digitalni mozaik,
11:36
because this is not constructivist
or Montessori or something.
or Montessori or something.
232
684941
3631
jer ovo nije konstruktivizam ili
Montessori ili nešto tako.
Montessori ili nešto tako.
11:40
It's something where we keep
the Brazilian curriculum
the Brazilian curriculum
233
688572
3538
To je nešto u čemu se pridržavamo
brazilskog kurikuluma
brazilskog kurikuluma
11:44
with 600 tiles of a mosaic,
234
692110
2668
S ukupno 600 pločica u mozaiku,
11:46
which we want to expose these kids
to by the time they're 17.
to by the time they're 17.
235
694778
3137
kojima želimo izložiti tu djecu
prije nego napune 17.
prije nego napune 17.
11:49
And follow this all the time
and we know how they're doing
and we know how they're doing
236
697915
2835
I slijedimo ih cijelo vrijeme
i znamo kako im ide
i znamo kako im ide
11:52
and we say, you're not interested
in this now, let's wait a year.
in this now, let's wait a year.
237
700750
4040
pa možemo reći, ovo te sada ne zanima,
pričekajmo jednu godinu.
pričekajmo jednu godinu.
11:56
And the kids are in groups
that don't have an age category,
that don't have an age category,
238
704804
4232
Djeca su u grupama koje
nemaju dobnu kategoriju,
nemaju dobnu kategoriju,
12:01
so the six-year-old kid
who is ready for that with an 11-year-old,
who is ready for that with an 11-year-old,
239
709036
3726
pa imamo 6-godišnjaka koji je jednako
spreman za nešto kao i 11-godišnjak,
spreman za nešto kao i 11-godišnjak,
12:04
that eliminates all of the gangs
and the groups
and the groups
240
712762
2365
što eliminira sve bande i grupe
12:07
and this stuff that we have
in the schools, in general.
in the schools, in general.
241
715127
3885
i sve one stvari koje smo imali
u školama, općenito.
u školama, općenito.
12:11
And they have a zero
to 100 percent grading,
to 100 percent grading,
242
719012
2441
A ocjene se kreću od 0 do 100 posto,
12:13
which they do themselves with an app
every couple of hours.
every couple of hours.
243
721453
3801
koje oni daju sami sebi putem
aplikacije svakih par sati.
aplikacije svakih par sati.
12:17
Until we know they're 37 percent of the
way we'd like them to be on this issue,
way we'd like them to be on this issue,
244
725254
4435
Dok ne znamo da odstupaju 37% od puta na
kojem bi željeli da budu po tom pitanju,
kojem bi željeli da budu po tom pitanju,
12:21
so that we can send them out in the world
with them knowing enough about it.
with them knowing enough about it.
245
729689
4895
kako bi ih mogli poslati van u svijet, a
da znaju dovoljno o tome.
da znaju dovoljno o tome.
12:26
And so the courses are World Cup Soccer,
or building a bicycle.
or building a bicycle.
246
734584
5243
Predmet je Svjetski kup u nogometu,
ili konstruiranje bicikla.
ili konstruiranje bicikla.
12:31
And people will sign up for
a 45-day course on building a bicycle.
a 45-day course on building a bicycle.
247
739827
4271
Ljudi će upisati 45-dnevni predmet
za izgradnju bicikla.
za izgradnju bicikla.
12:36
Now, try to build a bicycle without
knowing that pi is 3.1416.
knowing that pi is 3.1416.
248
744098
4569
Sad, probajte sagraditi bicikl bez da
znate da pi iznosi 3,1416.
znate da pi iznosi 3,1416.
12:40
You can't.
249
748667
1764
Ne možete.
12:42
And try, any one of you,
using 3.1416 for something.
using 3.1416 for something.
250
750431
4512
A vi pokušajte, bilo tko od vas,
upotrijebiti 3,1416 za bilo što.
upotrijebiti 3,1416 za bilo što.
12:47
You don't know anymore.
251
755083
1506
Vi to više ne znate.
To je izgubljeno i to je ono što
ovdje pokušavamo napraviti,
ovdje pokušavamo napraviti,
12:48
So this is lost and that's what
we try to do there,
we try to do there,
252
756589
2431
12:51
which is looking
for wisdom in that school.
for wisdom in that school.
253
759020
2114
što je potraga za mudrošću u školi.
12:53
And that brings us back to this graph
and this distribution of our life.
and this distribution of our life.
254
761134
5560
Što nas ponovno vraća na
graf i onu raspodjelu života.
graf i onu raspodjelu života.
12:59
I accumulated a lot of money
when I think about it.
when I think about it.
255
767090
2661
Ja sam skupio puno novca
razmišljajući o ovome.
razmišljajući o ovome.
13:01
When you think and you say,
now is the time to give back --
now is the time to give back --
256
769751
4247
Kad razmišljate i kažete si,
sada je vrijeme da se to vrati --
sada je vrijeme da se to vrati --
13:05
well, if you're giving back,
you took too much.
you took too much.
257
773998
2672
e pa, ako vraćate
već ste uzeli previše.
već ste uzeli previše.
13:08
(Laughter) (Applause)
258
776670
7052
(Smijeh)(Pljesak)
13:16
I keep thinking of Warren Buffet
waking up one day
waking up one day
259
784822
2580
Razmišljao sam o Warren Buffetu
kako se probudio jednog dana
kako se probudio jednog dana
13:19
and finding out he has 30 billion dollars
more than he thought he had.
more than he thought he had.
260
787402
3384
i shvatio da ima 30 milijardi dolara
više nego je mislio da ima.
više nego je mislio da ima.
13:22
And he looks and he says,
what am I going to do with this?
what am I going to do with this?
261
790786
2792
Pa je pogledao i upitao se,
što bih s tim mogao napraviti?
što bih s tim mogao napraviti?
13:25
And he says, I'll give it to someone
who really needs this.
who really needs this.
262
793578
2837
I rekao si je, dat ću to nekome
kome stvarno treba.
kome stvarno treba.
Dat ću ih Bill Gatesu.
(Smijeh)
(Smijeh)
13:28
I'll give it to Bill Gates. (Laughter)
263
796415
2288
13:32
And my guy, who's my financial
advisor in New York,
advisor in New York,
264
800086
3150
A moj čovjek, koji je moj financijski
savjetnik u New Yorku,
savjetnik u New Yorku,
13:35
he says, look, you're a silly guy
265
803236
1893
rekao je, vidiš, ti si smiješan čovjek
13:37
because you would have 4.1 times
more money today
more money today
266
805129
3273
jer bi danas imao
4,1 puta više novaca
4,1 puta više novaca
13:40
if you had made money with money
instead of sharing as you go.
instead of sharing as you go.
267
808402
4260
da si novac stvarao novcem
umjesto što si ga podijelio.
umjesto što si ga podijelio.
13:44
But I like sharing as you go better.
268
812668
1812
Ali meni se sviđa dijeljenje
kako si bogatiji.
kako si bogatiji.
13:46
(Applause)
269
814480
3306
(Pljesak)
13:49
I taught MBAs at MIT for a time
270
817786
4272
Neko vrijeme sam predavao MBA na MIT-u
13:54
and I ended up, one day,
at the Mount Auburn Cemetery.
at the Mount Auburn Cemetery.
271
822058
2606
i onda sam završio, jednog dana,
na groblju Mount Auburn.
na groblju Mount Auburn.
13:56
It is a beautiful cemetery in Cambridge.
272
824664
1944
To je prekrasno groblje u Cambridgeu.
13:58
And I was walking around.
It was my birthday and I was thinking.
It was my birthday and I was thinking.
273
826608
3042
Šetao sam uokolo.
Bio mi je rođendan i ja sam razmišljao.
Bio mi je rođendan i ja sam razmišljao.
U prvom razgledavanju vidio sam
te nadgrobne spomenike
te nadgrobne spomenike
14:01
And the first time around,
I saw these tombstones
I saw these tombstones
274
829650
2394
14:04
and these wonderful people
who'd done great things
who'd done great things
275
832044
2773
tim divnim ljudima koji su
napravili velike stvari
napravili velike stvari
14:06
and I thought, what do I want
to be remembered for?
to be remembered for?
276
834817
3882
i onda sam razmišljao po čemu
ja želim biti zapamćen?
ja želim biti zapamćen?
14:10
And I did another stroll around,
277
838889
1596
Napravio sam još jedan krug,
14:12
and the second time,
another question came to me,
another question came to me,
278
840485
2445
i u drugom krugu, palo mi je na
pamet sljedeće pitanje,
pamet sljedeće pitanje,
14:14
which did me better, which was,
279
842930
2303
koje mi se učinilo bolje, a to je bilo
14:17
why do I want to be remembered at all?
280
845233
2887
zašto uopće želim biti zapamćen?
14:20
(Laughter)
281
848120
2137
(Smijeh)
14:22
And that, I think,
took me different places.
took me different places.
282
850257
2821
I to me je, mislim,
odvelo na sasvim druga mjesta.
odvelo na sasvim druga mjesta.
14:25
When I was 50, my wife Fernanda and I
sat for a whole afternoon,
sat for a whole afternoon,
283
853078
4248
Kada mi je bilo 50, moja žena Fernanda i
ja, sjedili smo cijelo jedno poslijepodne,
ja, sjedili smo cijelo jedno poslijepodne,
14:29
we had a big pit with fire,
284
857326
2182
imali smo kotao s otvorenim plamenom,
14:31
and I threw everything I had ever
done into that fire.
done into that fire.
285
859508
3576
i ja sam u njega bacio sve
što sam ikad napravio.
što sam ikad napravio.
14:35
This is a book in 38 languages,
286
863084
2387
To je bila knjiga prevedena na 38 jezika,
14:37
hundreds and hundreds of articles
and DVDs, everything there was.
and DVDs, everything there was.
287
865471
3547
stotine i stotine članaka i DVD-a,
sve što je bilo tamo.
sve što je bilo tamo.
14:41
And that did two things.
288
869018
1420
To je napravilo dvije stvari.
14:42
One, it freed our five kids
from following in our steps, our shadow --
from following in our steps, our shadow --
289
870438
4925
Prvo, oslobodilo je naše petoro djece od
toga da idu našim stopama, u našoj sjeni -
toga da idu našim stopama, u našoj sjeni -
14:47
They don't know what I do.
290
875363
1656
Oni ne znaju što ja radim.
14:49
(Laughter)
291
877019
1224
(Smijeh)
14:50
Which is good.
292
878243
1309
Što je dobro.
14:51
And I'm not going to take them somewhere
293
879552
1925
I ja ih neću jednog dana povesti negdje
14:53
and say, one day
all of this will be yours.
all of this will be yours.
294
881477
2394
i reći, jednog dana ovo sve će biti vaše.
14:55
(Laughter)
295
883871
1557
(Smijeh)
14:57
The five kids know nothing, which is good.
296
885428
3532
Petero djece ne zna ništa, što je dobro.
15:00
And the second thing is,
297
888960
1681
A druga stvar je,
15:02
I freed myself from this anchor
of past achievement or whatever.
of past achievement or whatever.
298
890641
4698
oslobodio sam samoga sebe od tog sidra
prethodnih postignuća ili što god to bilo.
prethodnih postignuća ili što god to bilo.
15:07
I'm free to start something new every time
and to decide things from scratch
and to decide things from scratch
299
895339
4498
Slobodan sam početi nešto novo u svakom
trenutku i odlučivati stvari od početka
trenutku i odlučivati stvari od početka
15:11
in part of those terminal days.
300
899837
2121
u dijelu onih terminalnih dana.
15:13
And some people would say,
301
901958
1417
Neki će reći,
15:15
oh, so now you have this time,
these terminal days,
these terminal days,
302
903375
2538
o, sada imaš svo to vrijeme,
sve te zadnje dane,
sve te zadnje dane,
15:17
and so you go out and do everything.
303
905913
1858
i izlaziš i radiš svašta.
15:19
No, we've been to the beaches,
304
907771
2322
Ma ne, mi smo već bili na raznim plažama,
15:22
so we've been to Samoa and Maldives
and Mozambique,
and Mozambique,
305
910093
2562
pa smo tako bili na Samoi i
Maldivima,i u Mozambiku,
Maldivima,i u Mozambiku,
15:24
so that's done.
306
912655
1766
pa je to riješeno.
15:26
I've climbed mountains in the Himalayas.
307
914421
2109
Popeo sam se na planine Himalaja.
15:28
I've gone down 60 meters to see
hammerhead sharks.
hammerhead sharks.
308
916530
3871
Spustio sam se 60 metara u dubinu
kako bih vidio morskog psa čekićara.
kako bih vidio morskog psa čekićara.
15:32
I've spent 59 days on the back of a camel
from Chad to Timbuktu.
from Chad to Timbuktu.
309
920401
4551
Proveo sam 59 dana na leđima
deve od Čada do Timbuktua.
deve od Čada do Timbuktua.
15:36
I've gone to the magnetic
North Pole on a dog sled.
North Pole on a dog sled.
310
924952
3991
Otišao sam na magnetski Sjeverni pol
saonicama s psećom zapregom.
saonicama s psećom zapregom.
15:40
So, we've been busy.
311
928943
1776
Dakle, bili smo zaposleni.
15:42
It's what I'd like to call
my empty bucket list.
my empty bucket list.
312
930719
6003
To je ono što ja volim zvati
praznom listom želja.
praznom listom želja.
15:48
(Laughter)
313
936722
2979
(Smijeh)
15:51
And with this rationale,
I look at these days and I think,
I look at these days and I think,
314
939701
3557
I s ovom logikom gledam na
protekle dane i mislim,
protekle dane i mislim,
15:55
I'm not retired.
I don't feel retired at all.
I don't feel retired at all.
315
943258
2519
Nisam u mirovini.
Uopće ne osjećam kao da sam u mirovini.
Uopće ne osjećam kao da sam u mirovini.
15:57
And so I'm writing a new book.
316
945777
2141
Pa tako pišem novu knjigu.
15:59
We started three new companies
in the last two years.
in the last two years.
317
947918
3813
Osnovali smo tri nove kompanije
u posljednje dvije godine.
u posljednje dvije godine.
Sada radim na tome da besplatno proširimo
ovaj školski sustav po cijelom svijetu,
ovaj školski sustav po cijelom svijetu,
16:03
I'm now working on getting this
school system for free out into the world,
school system for free out into the world,
318
951731
5203
16:08
and I've found, very interestingly enough,
that nobody wants it for free.
that nobody wants it for free.
319
956934
3429
I otkrio sam, što je stvarno zanimljivo,
da to nitko ne želi besplatno.
da to nitko ne želi besplatno.
16:12
And so I've been trying for 10 years
320
960387
1938
I tako već 10 godina pokušavam
16:14
to get the public system
to take over this school rationale,
to take over this school rationale,
321
962325
3425
da javni sektor preuzme
logiku naše škole
logiku naše škole
16:17
much as the public schools we have,
322
965750
2395
jer većina javnih škola koje mi imamo
16:20
which has instead of 43 out of 100,
as their rating, as their grades,
as their rating, as their grades,
323
968145
4697
koje umjesto da imaju 43 od 100
kao svoje bodovanje, svoju ocjenu,
kao svoje bodovanje, svoju ocjenu,
16:24
has 91 out of 100.
324
972842
2689
imaju 91 od 100.
16:27
But for free, nobody wants it.
325
975531
2433
Ali besplatno, nitko to ne želi.
16:29
So maybe we'll start charging for it
and then it will go somewhere.
and then it will go somewhere.
326
977964
3194
Možda ćemo početi ovo naplaćivati,
pa će to doći negdje.
pa će to doći negdje.
16:33
But getting this out is one
of the things we want to do.
of the things we want to do.
327
981158
3781
Proširiti to je jedna od stvari
koju želimo napraviti.
koju želimo napraviti.
16:36
And I think what this leaves us
as a message for all of you,
as a message for all of you,
328
984939
3317
Pa si mislim s kojom vas to porukom
ostavlja,
ostavlja,
16:40
I think is a little bit like this:
329
988256
1752
mislim da bi mogla biti nešto poput:
16:42
We've all learned
how to go on Sunday night
how to go on Sunday night
330
990008
3157
Svi smo naučili
kako nedjeljom navečer
kako nedjeljom navečer
16:45
to email and work from home.
331
993165
2417
otići na e-mail i raditi od kuće.
16:47
But very few of us have learned
332
995582
1710
Ali mali je broj nas naučio
16:49
how to go to the movies
on Monday afternoon.
on Monday afternoon.
333
997292
3130
kako ponedjeljkom poslijepodne
otići u kino i pogledati film.
otići u kino i pogledati film.
16:52
And if we're looking for wisdom,
we need to learn to do that as well.
we need to learn to do that as well.
334
1000422
4101
A ako tragamo za mudrošću,
ovo također moramo naučiti.
ovo također moramo naučiti.
16:56
And so, what we've done all
of these years is very simple,
of these years is very simple,
335
1004523
3650
Pa tako, ono što smo mi radili
svih ovih godina vrlo je jednostavno,
svih ovih godina vrlo je jednostavno,
17:00
is use the little tool,
which is ask three whys in a row.
which is ask three whys in a row.
336
1008173
3172
a to je koristiti mala oruđa kao što je
pitati se tri puta zaredom zašto.
pitati se tri puta zaredom zašto.
17:03
Because the first why
you always have a good answer for.
you always have a good answer for.
337
1011345
2761
Zato što za prvi zašto uvijek
imate dobar odgovor.
imate dobar odgovor.
17:06
The second why,
it starts getting difficult.
it starts getting difficult.
338
1014106
2415
Drugi zašto već zadaje probleme.
17:08
By the third why, you don't really know
why you're doing what you're doing.
why you're doing what you're doing.
339
1016521
3939
Do trećeg zašto, vi stvarno ne znate
zašto radite to što radite.
zašto radite to što radite.
17:12
What I want to leave you with is the seed
and the thought that maybe if you do this,
and the thought that maybe if you do this,
340
1020460
6228
Želim vas ostaviti sa sjemenom i mišlju
da možda ako to učinite,
da možda ako to učinite,
17:18
you will come to the question, what for?
341
1026688
2756
doći ćete do pitanja, zašto?
17:21
What am I doing this for?
342
1029444
1502
Zašto ja ovo radim?
17:22
And hopefully, as a result of that,
and over time,
and over time,
343
1030946
2881
I nadajmo se, kao rezultat
ovoga, tijekom vremena,
ovoga, tijekom vremena,
17:25
I hope that with this,
and that's what I'm wishing you,
and that's what I'm wishing you,
344
1033827
3133
ja se nadam da ćete s ovim,
i to je ono što vam ja želim,
i to je ono što vam ja želim,
17:28
you'll have a much wiser future.
345
1036960
2703
imati mudriju budućnost.
Puno vam hvala.
17:31
Thank you very much.
346
1039663
1785
(Pljesak)
17:33
(Applause)
347
1041448
7539
17:45
Chris Anderson: So Ricardo,
you're kind of crazy.
you're kind of crazy.
348
1053957
5087
Chris Anderson: Dakle Ricardo, vi ste
na neki način ludi.
na neki način ludi.
17:51
(Laughter)
349
1059044
1825
(Smijeh)
17:52
To many people, this seems crazy.
350
1060869
3180
Za mnoge ljude ovo se čini ludim.
17:56
And yet so deeply wise, also.
351
1064049
3389
A opet duboko mudrim, također.
17:59
The pieces I'm trying
to put together are this:
to put together are this:
352
1067438
2909
Kockice koje pokušavam
složiti su sljedeće:
složiti su sljedeće:
18:02
Your ideas are so radical.
353
1070347
2095
Vaše su ideje tako radikalne.
18:04
How, in business, for example,
these ideas have been out for a while,
these ideas have been out for a while,
354
1072442
5049
Kako, na primjer u poslovanju,
ove ideje prisutne su već neko vrijeme,
ove ideje prisutne su već neko vrijeme,
18:10
probably the percentage of businesses
that have taken some of them
that have taken some of them
355
1078191
3210
vjerojatno je postotak poduzeća koja
su preuzeli neke od njih
su preuzeli neke od njih
18:13
is still quite low.
356
1081401
1902
još uvijek prilično malen.
18:15
Are there any times you've seen
some big company
some big company
357
1083303
2898
Jeste li u i jednom trenutku
vidjeli neku veliku kompaniju
vidjeli neku veliku kompaniju
18:18
take on one of your ideas
and you've gone, "Yes!"?
and you've gone, "Yes!"?
358
1086201
3629
da je preuzela jednu od vaših ideja
i vi ste rekli 'Da!'?
i vi ste rekli 'Da!'?
18:21
Ricardo Semler: It happens.
It happened about two weeks ago
It happened about two weeks ago
359
1089830
2797
Ricardo Sempler: To se događa.
Dogodilo se prije otprilike dva tjedna
Dogodilo se prije otprilike dva tjedna
18:24
with Richard Branson,
with his people saying,
with his people saying,
360
1092627
2210
s Richardom Bransonom,
koji je rekao svojim ljudima
koji je rekao svojim ljudima
18:26
oh, I don't want to control
your holidays anymore,
your holidays anymore,
361
1094837
2532
Oh, ja više ne želim kontrolirati
vaše godišnje odmore,
vaše godišnje odmore,
18:29
or Netflix does a little bit
of this and that,
of this and that,
362
1097369
2184
ili Netflix-om koji radi
ponešto od ovoga i onoga,
ponešto od ovoga i onoga,
18:31
but I don't think it's very important.
363
1099553
2327
ali ja ne mislim da je to jako važno.
18:33
I'd like to see it happen maybe a little
bit in a bit of a missionary zeal,
bit in a bit of a missionary zeal,
364
1101880
3754
Volio bih vidjeti da se to malčice
dogodilo u misionarskoj gorljivosti,
dogodilo u misionarskoj gorljivosti,
18:37
but that's a very personal one.
365
1105634
1574
ali to je jako osobna želja.
18:39
But the fact is that it takes a leap
of faith about losing control.
of faith about losing control.
366
1107208
4212
Činjenica je kako vam treba skok
vjere kod gubitka kontrole.
vjere kod gubitka kontrole.
18:43
And almost nobody who is in control
is ready to take leaps of faith.
is ready to take leaps of faith.
367
1111420
3296
I gotovo nitko tko kontrolira situacijom
nije spreman na skok vjere.
nije spreman na skok vjere.
18:46
It will have to come from kids
and other people
and other people
368
1114716
2340
Ovo mora doći od djece i drugih ljudi
18:49
who are starting companies
in a different way.
in a different way.
369
1117056
2242
koji svoja poduzeća započinju
na drugačiji način.
na drugačiji način.
18:51
CA: So that's the key thing?
370
1119298
1508
CA: Dakle to je ključna stvar?
18:52
From your point of view
the evidence is there,
the evidence is there,
371
1120806
2199
S vaše točke gledanja,
dokazi su tu,
dokazi su tu,
18:55
in the business point of view this works,
372
1123005
1996
s poslovne strane ovo funkcionira,
18:57
but people just don't have
the courage to -- (Whoosh)
the courage to -- (Whoosh)
373
1125001
2708
ali ljudi naprosto nemaju
hrabrosti da -- (Hoops).
hrabrosti da -- (Hoops).
18:59
RS: They don't even have the incentive.
374
1127709
2122
RS: Oni čak nemaju inicijativu.
19:01
You're running a company
with a 90-day mandate.
with a 90-day mandate.
375
1129831
2756
Vodite kompaniju
s ovlaštenjem od 90 dana.
s ovlaštenjem od 90 dana.
19:04
It's a quarterly report.
376
1132587
1879
To je tromjesječno izvješće.
19:06
If you're not good in 90 days, you're out.
377
1134466
2218
Ako niste dobri u 90 dana, ispadate.
19:08
So you say, "Here's a great program that,
in less than one generation --"
in less than one generation --"
378
1136684
3921
Pa tako kažete: 'Ovo je veliki program
koji, u manje od jedne generacije --'
koji, u manje od jedne generacije --'
19:12
And the guy says, "Get out of here."
379
1140605
1924
A tip vam kaže, 'Gubite se odavde.'
19:14
So this is the problem.
380
1142529
1891
Eto, to je problem.
19:16
(Laughter)
381
1144420
2915
(Smijeh)
19:19
CA: What you're trying to do in education
seems to me incredibly profound.
seems to me incredibly profound.
382
1147335
5316
CA: To što vi pokušavate napraviti s
obrazovanjem čini mi se
obrazovanjem čini mi se
fantastično dalekovidnim.
19:24
Everyone is bothered about
their country's education system.
their country's education system.
383
1152651
4498
Svi su zabrinuti njihovim nacionalnim
školskim sustavima
školskim sustavima
19:29
No one thinks that
we've caught up yet to a world
we've caught up yet to a world
384
1157149
2773
Nitko ne misli
da nas je sustigao svijet
da nas je sustigao svijet
19:31
where there's Google and all these
technological options.
technological options.
385
1159922
2950
u kojemu je Google i sve te
tehnološke mogućnosti.
tehnološke mogućnosti.
Pa vi ste dobili stvarne dokaze da djeca
koja su do sada prošla
koja su do sada prošla
19:34
So you've got actual evidence now that
the kids so far going through your system,
the kids so far going through your system,
386
1162872
3870
kroz vaš školski sustav
19:38
there's a dramatic increase
in performance.
in performance.
387
1166742
2552
pokazuju dramatično povećanje postignuća.
19:41
How do we help you move
these ideas forward?
these ideas forward?
388
1169294
2565
Kako vam mi možemo pomoći da se
ove ideje probiju?
ove ideje probiju?
19:43
RS: I think it's that problem
of ideas whose time has come.
of ideas whose time has come.
389
1171859
3984
RS: Ja mislim da je to taj problem s
idejama za koje je došlo vrijeme.
idejama za koje je došlo vrijeme.
19:48
And I've never been very evangelical
about these things.
about these things.
390
1176750
3502
I nikad nisam bio previše evanđeoski
s tim stvarima.
s tim stvarima.
19:52
We put it out there.
391
1180252
1541
Mi ih samo izbacimo van.
19:53
Suddenly, you find people --
392
1181793
1445
Odjednom pronađete ljude –
19:55
there's a group in Japan,
which scares me very much,
which scares me very much,
393
1183238
2515
Ima ta grupa u Japanu,
koja me jako plaši,
koja me jako plaši,
19:57
which is called the Semlerists,
and they have 120 companies.
and they have 120 companies.
394
1185753
3165
zove se Semlerists,
a imaju 120 kompanija.
a imaju 120 kompanija.
20:00
They've invited me.
I've always been scared to go.
I've always been scared to go.
395
1188918
4371
Oni su me pozvali
i ja sam se plašio otići.
i ja sam se plašio otići.
20:05
And there is a group in Holland
that has 600 small, Dutch companies.
that has 600 small, Dutch companies.
396
1193289
5175
A ima i grupa u Nizozemskoj koja ima 600
malih, nizozemskih kompanija.
malih, nizozemskih kompanija.
20:10
It's something that
will flourish on its own.
will flourish on its own.
397
1198464
2677
To je nešto što će procvasti
samo od sebe.
samo od sebe.
20:13
Part of it will be wrong,
and it doesn't matter.
and it doesn't matter.
398
1201141
2491
Dio toga će biti krivo
ali to nije važno.
ali to nije važno.
20:15
This will find its own place.
399
1203632
2077
To će već pronaći svoje mjesto.
20:17
And I'm afraid
of the other one, which says,
of the other one, which says,
400
1205709
2485
A plašim se i onih drugi koji kažu
20:20
this is so good you've got to do this.
401
1208194
1932
to je dobro to moraš napraviti.
20:22
Let's set up a system
and put lots of money into it
and put lots of money into it
402
1210126
2666
Idemo uspostaviti sustav i uložiti
puno novaca u njega
puno novaca u njega
20:24
and then people will do it no matter what.
403
1212792
2527
i onda će to ljudi raditi
bez obzira što je.
bez obzira što je.
20:27
CA: So you have asked
extraordinary questions your whole life.
extraordinary questions your whole life.
404
1215319
3244
CA: I tako ste si vi postavljali
izvanredna pitanja cijeloga života.
izvanredna pitanja cijeloga života.
20:30
It seems to me that's the fuel
that's driven a lot of this.
that's driven a lot of this.
405
1218563
2833
Meni se čini da je to bio pogon
koji je pokrenuo mnogo toga.
koji je pokrenuo mnogo toga.
20:33
Do you have any other questions for us,
for TED, for this group here?
for TED, for this group here?
406
1221396
5869
Imate li vi pitanja za nas, za
TED, za ovu grupu ovdje?
TED, za ovu grupu ovdje?
20:39
RS: I always come back
to variations of the question
to variations of the question
407
1227265
4589
RS: Uvijek se vratim na
varijacije pitanja
varijacije pitanja
20:43
that my son asked me when he was three.
408
1231854
3251
koje je postavio moj sin
kada je imao 3 godine.
kada je imao 3 godine.
20:47
We were sitting in a jacuzzi,
and he said, "Dad, why do we exist?"
and he said, "Dad, why do we exist?"
409
1235105
3941
Sjedili smo u jacuzziju a on me je
upitao, 'Tata, zašto mi postojimo?'
upitao, 'Tata, zašto mi postojimo?'
20:51
There is no other question.
410
1239056
1564
Nema drugih pitanja.
20:52
Nobody has any other question.
411
1240620
1514
Nitko nema neko drugo pitanje.
20:54
We have variations of this one question,
from three onwards.
from three onwards.
412
1242134
3989
Mi samo imamo različite varijacije
tog pitanja od treće na dalje.
tog pitanja od treće na dalje.
20:58
So when you spend time in a company,
in a bureaucracy, in an organization
in a bureaucracy, in an organization
413
1246123
5396
Pa tako kada provedeš vrijeme
u nekoj kompaniji,
u nekoj kompaniji,
u birokraciji, u nekoj organizaciji
21:03
and you're saying, boy --
414
1251519
1623
i kažeš -- o čovječe
21:05
how many people do you know
who on their death beds said,
who on their death beds said,
415
1253142
2717
koliko ljudi poznajete koji su
na smrtnoj postelji rekli
na smrtnoj postelji rekli
21:07
boy, I wish I had spent
more time at the office?
more time at the office?
416
1255859
2405
čovječe, da sam barem proveo
više vremena u uredu?
više vremena u uredu?
21:10
So there's a whole thing
of having the courage now --
of having the courage now --
417
1258264
5050
I cijela je stvar u tome
da imaš hrabrosti sada
da imaš hrabrosti sada
21:15
not in a week, not in two months,
418
1263314
1908
ne kroz tjedan dana,
ne za dva mjeseca
ne za dva mjeseca
21:17
not when you find out
you have something --
you have something --
419
1265222
2294
ne kad otkriješ
da imaš nešto --
da imaš nešto --
21:19
to say, no, what am I doing this for?
420
1267516
2872
za reći, ne, zašto ja ovo radim?
21:22
Stop everything. Let me do something else.
421
1270388
2117
Zaustavite sve.
Dajte da učinim nešto drugo.
Dajte da učinim nešto drugo.
21:24
And it will be okay,
422
1272505
1565
I to će biti dobro,
21:26
it will be much better
than what you're doing,
than what you're doing,
423
1274070
2271
bit će mnogo bolje
od onoga što radite
od onoga što radite
21:28
if you're stuck in a process.
424
1276341
3108
ako ste zaglavili u procesu.
21:31
CA: So that strikes me as a profound
and quite beautiful way to end
and quite beautiful way to end
425
1279449
3202
CA: Ovo se čini kao duboki i vrlo
lijepi način da završimo
lijepi način da završimo
21:34
this penultimate day of TED.
426
1282651
1626
ovaj pretposljednji dan TED-a.
21:36
Ricardo Semler, thank you so much.
427
1284277
1678
Ricardo Semler, puno vam hvala.
21:37
RS: Thank you so much.
428
1285955
1577
RS: Najljepša vam hvala.
21:39
(Applause)
429
1287532
1652
(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ricardo Semler - Organizational changemakerTwo decades after transforming a struggling equipment supplier into a radically democratic and resilient (and successful) company, Ricardo Semler wants organizations to become wise.
Why you should listen
After assuming control of Semler & Company (Semco) from his father in 1980, Brazil's Ricardo Semler began a decades-long quest to create an organization that could function without him, by studying and then implementing what could best be called "corporate democracy", allowing employees to design their own jobs, select their supervisors, and define pay levels. He has then applied the same principles to education, banking and hospitality. All with very good results.
He's now promoting the idea of designing organizations -- companies, schools, NGOs -- for wisdom. With a question as a starting point: If we were to start from scratch, would we design organization X the way we have done it?
More profile about the speakerHe's now promoting the idea of designing organizations -- companies, schools, NGOs -- for wisdom. With a question as a starting point: If we were to start from scratch, would we design organization X the way we have done it?
Ricardo Semler | Speaker | TED.com