Erin McKean: Go ahead, make up new words!
エリン・マッキーン: さあ、新しい言葉を作りだそう!
As the co-founder of Reverb Technologies, the maker of the online dictionary Wordnik, Erin McKean is reshaping how we interact with language itself. Full bio
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into the dictionary.
辞書に載せることです
that is your job.
私ではなく 皆さんの仕事です
decides together
英語を話す人が
who agree to understand each other.
人々の間で使うものです
to decide whether a word is good or bad,
良し悪しを判断する時
"Because grammar!"
なんて言うのです
too much -- don't tell anybody.
― 内緒ですよ
there are two kinds of grammar.
実は2種類あるのです
that lives inside your brain,
speaker of a language
when you speak that language.
you learn a language as a child.
身につける文法です
how to make the plural of wug.
ワグを複数形にできますよね
you just understand it.
知っているんです
by a professor at [Boston University]
ボストン大学の
1958年にさかのぼります
for a long time.
議論されているんです
that exist in your brain,
自然な規則は
they're more like laws of nature.
むしろ自然法則に近いものです
a law of nature, right?
従わない人なんていないでしょう?
your mom doesn't say,
皆さんのお母さんは
it's going to be cold, take a hoodie,
上着を持っていくのよ
about manners than they are about nature.
マナーに近い規則があります
"Don't wear hats on your feet."
言う必要はありません
"Can you wear hats inside?
「帽子を部屋でかぶっていいか?」
you get to wear?"
といったことですよね
呼ぶべきでしょう
of grammar,
as opposed to grammar.
文法と区別することがあります
rules-based grammar
規則のような文法を使って
阻止しようとすることがあります
私は思います
people are always telling you,
いつもこう言うでしょう
invent things, science and technology."
いろいろな科学技術を発明しよう」
words, they're like,
こう言うのです
whippersnappers. Give it a rest."
若造ども 黙ってろ」って
We should have more of them.
もっとたくさんあってもいいはずです
as many new words as possible.
どんどん作って欲しいんです
you can use to make new words in English.
6つの方法をお教えしましょう
languages.
(Laughter)
(笑)
so I'm just going to be honest
ここは率直に
that we like, like delicious food.
例えば美味しい物の名前をとります
we took "caramel" from French.
フランス語の カラメル(caramel)がそうです
for cool things like "ninja," right?
「ニンジャ」がそうです
ninjas are hard to steal from.
すごい技ですよね
can make words in English
もう1つの方法は
other English words together.
ギュッとまとめることです
you can put any two of them together.
どれでもくっつけられます
"sandcastle" all are compounds.
砂の城(sandcastle)は どれも複合語です
"duckface," just don't make duckface.
アヒル口(duckface)という言葉を作っては?
in English is kind of like compounding,
複合にちょっと似ていますが
when you squish the words together
力を入れ過ぎたせいで
of "breakfast" and "lunch."
朝食(breakfast)と 昼食(lunch)の混成語で
ホテル(hotel)の混成語です
was a blend word?
知っていた人はいますか?
there are parts missing.
気づかない人も多いんです
of "education" and "entertainment."
教育(education)と 娯楽(entertainment)
blend of "electric" and "execute."
電気(electric)と 殺す(execute)です
by changing how they operate.
変えることもできます
as one part of speech,
part of speech.
hasn't always been a verb?
動詞ではなかったことを知ってました?
and then we verbed it.
その後 動詞になったのです
動詞化できます
and make them into nouns.
and now it's a noun.
昔は形容詞でしたが今は名詞です
「緑化する」という動詞として使えます
in English is back-formation.
「逆成」です
kind of squish it down a little bit.
少し手を加えるのです
"editor" before we had the word "edit."
編集する(edit)ができました
“editor”なんです
sound a little silly:
少し変に聞こえることもあります
and burglers burgle.
執事(butler)が 仕え(butle)
泥棒に入る(burgle)のですから(笑)
and squish them together.
組み合わせることです
Administration becomes NASA.
NASAになります
with anything, OMG!
「なんてこと!(OMG!)」みたいにね
the words are.
関係ありません
good word of English.
立派な英単語です
good word of English.
立派な英単語です
normal, they can sound really silly.
おかしくたっていいんです
your meaning across.
伝える機会だからです
you're saying
your meaning across.
チャンスが増えるのです
on this stage today have said,
多くの人が言っています
help us explore, you can help us invent."
探求や発明を手伝えるようになる」って
今すぐ作れます
in my online dictionary, Wordnik.
オンライン辞書Wordnikに載せますよ
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Erin McKean - Dictionary editorAs the co-founder of Reverb Technologies, the maker of the online dictionary Wordnik, Erin McKean is reshaping how we interact with language itself.
Why you should listen
Erin McKean's job as a lexicographer involves living in a constant state of research. She searches high and low -- from books to blogs, newspapers to cocktail parties -- for new words, new meanings for old words, or signs that old words have fallen out of use. In June of this year, she involved us all in the search by launching Wordnik, an online dictionary that houses all the traditionally accepted words and definitions, but also asks users to contribute new words and new uses for old words. Wordnik pulls real-time examples of word usage from Twitter, image representations from Flickr along with many more non-traditional, and highly useful, features.
Before Wordnik, McKean was one of the youngest editors of the New Oxford American Dictionary. She continues to serve as the editor of the language quarterly Verbatim ("language and linguistics for the layperson since 1974") and is the author of multiple books, including That's Amore and the entire Weird and Wonderful Words series. All that, and she maintains multiple blogs, too: McKean is the keen observationalist behind A Dress a Day and Dictionary Evangelist. Is there anything she can't do? Surprisingly, she is notoriously bad at Scrabble.
Erin McKean | Speaker | TED.com