Erin McKean: Go ahead, make up new words!
Erin McKean: Pirmyn, kurkite naujus žodžius!
As the co-founder of Reverb Technologies, the maker of the online dictionary Wordnik, Erin McKean is reshaping how we interact with language itself. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
into the dictionary.
į žodyną.
that is your job.
tai jūsų darbas.
decides together
nusprendžia kartu,
who agree to understand each other.
kurie susitaria vieni kitus suprasti.
to decide whether a word is good or bad,
ar žodis yra geras ar blogas,
"Because grammar!"
„nes gramatika!“
too much -- don't tell anybody.
tik niekam nesakykit.
there are two kinds of grammar.
dvi skirtingos gramatikos.
that lives inside your brain,
kuri gyvena jūsų smegenyse
speaker of a language
when you speak that language.
kurių laikotės kalbėdami ta kalba.
you learn a language as a child.
vaikais mokotės kalbėti.
how to make the plural of wug.
kaip iš vugo padaryti daugiskaitą.
jūsų smegenyse.
you just understand it.
jūs ją tiesiog žinote.
by a professor at [Boston University]
profesorius Bostono unuversitete
for a long time.
apie tai kalbamės.
that exist in your brain,
kurias turite savo smegenyse,
they're more like laws of nature.
jos labiau panašios į gamtos dėsnius.
a law of nature, right?
laikytumėtės gamtos dėsnių, ar ne?
your mom doesn't say,
jūsų mama nesako
it's going to be cold, take a hoodie,
pasiimk megztinį,
about manners than they are about nature.
į įpročius nei gamtos jėgas.
tokį žodį kaip kepurė.
"Don't wear hats on your feet."
kepurė nedėvima ant kojų.
"Can you wear hats inside?
ar kepures galima nešioti viduje.
you get to wear?"
of grammar,
antrojo tipo gramatika,
as opposed to grammar.
o ne gramatika.
rules-based grammar
taisyklėmis paremtą gramatiką
prieš naujų žodžių kūrimą.
people are always telling you,
invent things, science and technology."
naujus daiktus, mokslą ir technologijas.“
words, they're like,
sakoma:
whippersnappers. Give it a rest."
jūs nesusitupėję. Palikit ramybėje.“
We should have more of them.
Mums jų reikia daugiau.
as many new words as possible.
daugiau žodžių.
you can use to make new words in English.
kaip anglų kalboje galima kurti žodžius.
languages.
(Laughter)
(Juokas)
so I'm just going to be honest
tiesą sakant,
that we like, like delicious food.
kurie mums patinka, pvz. maistas.
we took "caramel" from French.
„karamelė“ is prancūzų.
for cool things like "ninja," right?
dalykams, kaip „nindzė“.
ninjas are hard to steal from.
sunkiausia ką nors pavogti.
can make words in English
angliškus žodžius
other English words together.
į vieną.
yra kaip Lego:
you can put any two of them together.
gali bet ką sujungti.
"sandcastle" all are compounds.
„sandcastle“ yra sudurtiniai.
"duckface," just don't make duckface.
tik nesišypsokit kaip antis.
in English is kind of like compounding,
yra panašus į sudūrimą,
when you squish the words together
taip stipriai,
of "breakfast" and "lunch."
„breakfast“ ir „lunch“.
ir “hotel“.
was a blend word?
kad „motel“ yra sulietinis žodis?
there are parts missing.
dalys yra nubyrėjusios.
of "education" and "entertainment."
„education“ ir “entertainment“.
blend of "electric" and "execute."
„electric“ ir “execute“.
by changing how they operate.
keisdami, kaip jie veikia.
funkciniu poslinkiu.
as one part of speech,
viena kalbos dalis,
part of speech.
hasn't always been a verb?
ne visada buvo veiksmažodis?
and then we verbed it.
kol jo nepavertėme ir veiksmažodžiu.
gali būti veiksmažodžiais.
and make them into nouns.
versti daiktavardžiais.
and now it's a noun.
o dabar daiktavardis.
„veiksmažodinti“, kaip „green“.
in English is back-formation.
yra atformavimas.
kind of squish it down a little bit.
patrumpinti.
"editor" before we had the word "edit."
„editor“ nei „edit“.
sound a little silly:
skamba kvailai:
and burglers burgle.
į „butle“, ir iš „burgler“ į „burgle“.
and squish them together.
ir sudėti jas kartu.
Administration becomes NASA.
administracija tapo NASA.
with anything, OMG!
OMG!
the words are.
good word of English.
angliškas žodis.
good word of English.
normal, they can sound really silly.
jie gali skambėti labai kvailai.
naujas žodis
your meaning across.
ir perteikti prasmę kitiems.
you're saying
labiau klauso, ką sakai,
your meaning across.
savo mintis.
on this stage today have said,
šiandien pasakė:
help us explore, you can help us invent."
padėti mums atrasti, sukurti.“
in my online dictionary, Wordnik.
į savo internetinį žodyną „Wordnik“.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Erin McKean - Dictionary editorAs the co-founder of Reverb Technologies, the maker of the online dictionary Wordnik, Erin McKean is reshaping how we interact with language itself.
Why you should listen
Erin McKean's job as a lexicographer involves living in a constant state of research. She searches high and low -- from books to blogs, newspapers to cocktail parties -- for new words, new meanings for old words, or signs that old words have fallen out of use. In June of this year, she involved us all in the search by launching Wordnik, an online dictionary that houses all the traditionally accepted words and definitions, but also asks users to contribute new words and new uses for old words. Wordnik pulls real-time examples of word usage from Twitter, image representations from Flickr along with many more non-traditional, and highly useful, features.
Before Wordnik, McKean was one of the youngest editors of the New Oxford American Dictionary. She continues to serve as the editor of the language quarterly Verbatim ("language and linguistics for the layperson since 1974") and is the author of multiple books, including That's Amore and the entire Weird and Wonderful Words series. All that, and she maintains multiple blogs, too: McKean is the keen observationalist behind A Dress a Day and Dictionary Evangelist. Is there anything she can't do? Surprisingly, she is notoriously bad at Scrabble.
Erin McKean | Speaker | TED.com