TED2015
Jeffrey Brown: How we cut youth violence in Boston by 79 percent
ジェフリー・ブラウン牧師: どのようにボストンの若者の暴力を79％削減したのか
Filmed:
Readability: 3.8
1,146,238 views
「ボストンの奇跡」の立役者であるジェフリー・ブラウン牧師は駆け出しの牧師の頃、周囲の状況に戸惑っていました。通りを歩く子供たちが麻薬やチンピラの暴力の餌食となり、ボストンの地域社会が崩壊するところを目の当たりにしたからです。再生への第一歩は「子供たちの話を聞くこと、単なる説教はしないこと、子供たちの周囲の暴力を減らす支援をすること」です。変革のための聞く力について、力強く語ります。
Jeffrey Brown - Pastor
A key player in the "Boston miracle" that lowered the rate of youth crime and gang violence, Rev. Jeffrey Brown is a Baptist minister. Full bio
A key player in the "Boston miracle" that lowered the rate of youth crime and gang violence, Rev. Jeffrey Brown is a Baptist minister. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I've learned some of
my most important life lessons
my most important life lessons
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私は最も大切な人生の教訓を
00:17
from drug dealers
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麻薬ディーラーや
00:19
and gang members
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チンピラや
00:22
and prostitutes,
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売春婦から学びました
00:24
and I've had some of my most
profound theological conversations
profound theological conversations
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そして最も深遠なる神学的な会話を
00:30
not in the hallowed halls of a seminary
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神聖な神学校のホールではなく
00:33
but on a street corner
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金曜 深夜１時の
00:36
on a Friday night, at 1 a.m.
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街角で行ってきました
00:39
That's a little unusual, since I am
a Baptist minister, seminary-trained,
a Baptist minister, seminary-trained,
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私は神学校を卒業した
バプテスト派の牧師で
バプテスト派の牧師で
00:45
and pastored a church for over 20 years,
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教会を任されて20年以上ですから
少し変わっていると思うでしょうが
少し変わっていると思うでしょうが
00:50
but it's true.
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本当の話です
00:52
It came as a part of my participation
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私は治安維持や犯罪削減に携わり
00:55
in a public safety
crime reduction strategy
crime reduction strategy
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私は治安維持や犯罪削減に携わり
00:59
that saw a 79 percent reduction
in violent crime
in violent crime
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大都市で８年間で 凶悪犯罪が
01:03
over an eight-year period in a major city.
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79％減少するのを見てきました
01:07
But I didn't start out wanting to be
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でも私は誰かのやり方で
01:09
a part of somebody's
crime reduction strategy.
crime reduction strategy.
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犯罪削減に携わりたいわけでは
なかったのです
なかったのです
01:13
I was 25, had my first church.
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私は25才で
最初の教会を任されました
最初の教会を任されました
01:16
If you would have asked me
what my ambition was,
what my ambition was,
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当時の私に夢を聞くなら
01:18
I would have told you
I wanted to be a megachurch pastor.
I wanted to be a megachurch pastor.
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大きな教会の牧師になりたいと
答えたでしょう
答えたでしょう
01:22
I wanted a 15-, 20,000-member church.
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信者数が１万５千人とか２万人の
教会が欲しかった
教会が欲しかった
01:26
I wanted my own television ministry.
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テレビ中継される
牧師になりたかった
牧師になりたかった
01:29
I wanted my own clothing line.
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礼拝用の服もたくさん欲しかった
01:32
(Laughter)
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(笑)
01:33
I wanted to be your long distance carrier.
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遠距離の信者も集めたかった
01:35
You know, the whole nine yards.
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何もかも欲しかったのです
01:37
(Laughter)
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(笑)
01:40
After about a year of pastoring,
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牧師になって１年が過ぎた頃
01:43
my membership went up about 20 members.
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会員は20人くらいに増えましたが
01:47
So megachurchdom was way down the road.
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大教会は遥か彼方でした
01:50
But seriously, if you'd have said,
"What is your ambition?"
"What is your ambition?"
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でも もし真摯な夢を聞かれたなら
01:53
I would have said just to be
a good pastor,
a good pastor,
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立派な牧師になることでした
01:55
to be able to be with people
through all the passages of life,
through all the passages of life,
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人々のあらゆる人生の局面に寄り添い
01:59
to preach messages that would have
an everyday meaning for folks,
an everyday meaning for folks,
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日常生活の意味を説き
02:04
and in the African-American tradition,
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アフリカ系アメリカ人の伝統に則って
02:07
to be able to represent
the community that I serve.
the community that I serve.
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私の管轄区の代表に
なりたかったのです
なりたかったのです
02:11
But there was something else
that was happening in my city
that was happening in my city
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一方 私の街や大都市圏 そして
02:16
and in the entire metro area,
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アメリカの大半の主要都市で
02:18
and in most metro areas
in the United States,
in the United States,
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ある事態が起こりつつありました
02:22
and that was the homicide rate
started to rise precipitously.
started to rise precipitously.
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殺人率が急激に上昇し始めたのです
02:27
And there were young people
who were killing each other
who were killing each other
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些細としか思えないことで
02:30
for reasons that I thought
were very trivial,
were very trivial,
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若者同士が殺し合うのです
02:32
like bumping into someone
in a high school hallway,
in a high school hallway,
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例えば 高校の廊下で
ぶつかった生徒を
ぶつかった生徒を
02:37
and then after school,
shooting the person.
shooting the person.
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放課後撃つのです
02:40
Someone with the wrong color shirt on,
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最悪のタイミングで
危険な街角に
危険な街角に
02:44
on the wrong street corner
at the wrong time.
at the wrong time.
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着てはいけない色のシャツを着て
立っていたといって撃つのです
立っていたといって撃つのです
02:48
And something needed
to be done about that.
to be done about that.
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なんとかする必要がありました
02:52
It got to the point where it started
to change the character of the city.
to change the character of the city.
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都市の雰囲気が
変わり始めていたのです
変わり始めていたのです
02:56
You could go to any housing project,
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公営住宅に行ってみると ―
02:59
for example, like the one that was
down the street from my church,
down the street from my church,
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私の教会から
少し行ったところにもありますが ―
少し行ったところにもありますが ―
03:02
and you would walk in,
and it would be like a ghost town,
and it would be like a ghost town,
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足を踏み入れると
ゴーストタウンのようなのです
ゴーストタウンのようなのです
03:05
because the parents wouldn't allow
their kids to come out and play,
their kids to come out and play,
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暴力がはびこっているせいで
夏であっても
夏であっても
03:08
even in the summertime,
because of the violence.
because of the violence.
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親が子供を外で
遊ばせないからです
遊ばせないからです
03:11
You would listen in the neighborhoods
on any given night,
on any given night,
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夜近所の音に耳を澄ませば
03:14
and to the untrained ear,
it sounded like fireworks,
it sounded like fireworks,
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慣れていないと
花火の音に聞こえるかもしれませんが
花火の音に聞こえるかもしれませんが
03:17
but it was gunfire.
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銃声がするのです
03:19
You'd hear it almost every night,
when you were cooking dinner,
when you were cooking dinner,
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ほぼ毎晩のように銃声がします
夕食を作っている時
夕食を作っている時
03:23
telling your child a bedtime story,
or just watching TV.
or just watching TV.
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寝る前に子供に本を読んであげる時
テレビを見ている時に聞こえてくるのです
テレビを見ている時に聞こえてくるのです
03:28
And you can go to any emergency
room at any hospital,
room at any hospital,
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そして病院の緊急治療室に行けば
03:32
and you would see lying on gurneys
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若い黒人やラテン系の男性が
撃たれて瀕死の状態で
撃たれて瀕死の状態で
03:36
young black and Latino men
shot and dying.
shot and dying.
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担架に横たわっている光景を
目にします
目にします
03:40
And I was doing funerals,
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私は多くの葬儀を行いましたが
03:42
but not of the venerated matriarchs
and patriarchs who'd lived a long life
and patriarchs who'd lived a long life
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弔辞にも困らないような
03:46
and there's a lot to say.
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長寿を全うした
年配の方の葬儀ではないのです
年配の方の葬儀ではないのです
03:49
I was doing funerals of 18-year-olds,
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執り行ったのは 18歳や
03:52
17-year-olds,
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17歳 ―
03:54
and 16-year-olds,
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16歳の子供たちの葬儀で
03:56
and I was standing in a church
or at a funeral home
or at a funeral home
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教会や葬儀場に立って
04:01
struggling to say something
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心に響くことを言うには
04:03
that would make some meaningful impact.
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大変苦労しました
04:07
And so while my colleagues were building
these cathedrals great and tall
these cathedrals great and tall
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私の同僚が
高くて立派な大聖堂を建てたり
高くて立派な大聖堂を建てたり
04:13
and buying property outside of the city
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郊外に不動産を買ったり
04:16
and moving their congregations out
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集会の場所を変えたりして
04:19
so that they could create
or recreate their cities of God,
or recreate their cities of God,
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「神の都市」を作ろうとしていた頃
04:24
the social structures in the inner cities
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市街地の社会構造は
04:27
were sagging under the weight
of all of this violence.
of all of this violence.
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この暴力の重圧に
押しつぶされていました
押しつぶされていました
04:31
And so I stayed, because somebody
needed to do something,
needed to do something,
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だから私は留まりました
誰かがやらねばと思ったからです
誰かがやらねばと思ったからです
04:34
and so I had looked at what I had
and moved on that.
and moved on that.
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自分が行ってきた使命を
考えてみました
考えてみました
04:37
I started to preach decrying
the violence in the community.
the violence in the community.
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私は地域社会の暴力を非難する
説教を始めました
説教を始めました
04:42
And I started to look
at the programming in my church,
at the programming in my church,
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自分の教会で礼拝を
企画することから始めました
企画することから始めました
04:44
and I started to build programs
that would catch the at-risk youth,
that would catch the at-risk youth,
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暴力を ただ傍観し
非行に走る恐れのある子供を
非行に走る恐れのある子供を
04:48
those who were on the fence
to the violence.
to the violence.
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惹きつけようとしたのです
04:52
I even tried to be innovative
in my preaching.
in my preaching.
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自分の説教のスタイルを
変えてもみました
変えてもみました
04:54
You all have heard of rap music, right?
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皆さん ラップをご存じですよね？
04:56
Rap music?
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ラップですよ？
04:57
I even tried to rap sermon one time.
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一度ラップで説教をやりました
05:00
It didn't work, but at least I tried it.
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失敗でしたが
とにかくやったのです
とにかくやったのです
05:04
I'll never forget the young person
who came to me after that sermon.
who came to me after that sermon.
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説教後に若者が私の所にやってきたのが
忘れられません
忘れられません
05:08
He waited until everybody was gone,
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彼は皆が居なくなるまで
待って言いました
待って言いました
05:10
and he said, "Rev, rap sermon, huh?"
And I was like, "Yeah, what do you think?"
And I was like, "Yeah, what do you think?"
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「牧師さん ラップで説教かよ？」
「どうだった？」と聞くと
「どうだった？」と聞くと
05:13
And he said, "Don't do that again, Rev."
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「二度とするな」と言われました
05:16
(Laughter)
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(笑)
05:20
But I preached and I built these programs,
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それでも私は説教をし
これらの企画を作り
これらの企画を作り
05:22
and I thought maybe if
my colleagues did the same
my colleagues did the same
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もし同僚が同じことをしたのなら
05:24
that it would make a difference.
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結果は違っていたかと悩みました
05:27
But the violence just
careened out of control,
careened out of control,
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手に負えないほど
暴力の勢いが強く
暴力の勢いが強く
05:31
and people who were not involved in
the violence were getting shot and killed:
the violence were getting shot and killed:
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暴力とは直接関わりのない人々が
撃たれたり殺されたりしました
撃たれたり殺されたりしました
05:35
somebody going to buy a pack
of cigarettes at a convenience store,
of cigarettes at a convenience store,
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コンビニでタバコを
一箱買おうとする人や
一箱買おうとする人や
05:41
or someone who was sitting
at a bus stop just waiting for a bus,
at a bus stop just waiting for a bus,
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バスを待つため
停留所に座っている人
停留所に座っている人
05:45
or kids who were playing in the park,
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公園の片隅で起こった暴力に
05:47
oblivious to the violence
on the other side of the park,
on the other side of the park,
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気付かずに遊んでいた子供たちです
05:51
but it coming and visiting them.
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でも暴力が彼らの世界に入り込んでくるのです
05:53
Things were out of control,
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事態は制御不能で
05:56
and I didn't know what to do,
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自分のすべきことが
分かりませんでしたが
分かりませんでしたが
05:58
and then something happened
that changed everything for me.
that changed everything for me.
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私の全てを変えるようなことが
起こりました
起こりました
06:03
It was a kid by the name of Jesse McKie,
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ジェシー・ミッキーという子どもが
06:06
walking home with his friend
Rigoberto Carrion
Rigoberto Carrion
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友達のリゴベルト・キャリーオンと一緒に
06:09
to the housing project
down the street from my church.
down the street from my church.
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私の教会の先にある
公営住宅に歩いて帰る途中
公営住宅に歩いて帰る途中
06:13
They met up with a group of youth
who were from a gang in Dorchester,
who were from a gang in Dorchester,
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ドーチェスターの
チンピラのグループと出会い
チンピラのグループと出会い
06:17
and they were killed.
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殺されたのです
06:20
But as Jesse was running
from the scene mortally wounded,
from the scene mortally wounded,
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ジェシーは致命傷を負った現場から
06:22
he was running in the direction
of my church,
of my church,
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私の教会の方向へ逃げましたが
06:25
and he died some 100, 150 yards away.
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あと100mか150mの所で
息絶えました
息絶えました
06:28
If he would have gotten to the church,
it wouldn't have made a difference,
it wouldn't have made a difference,
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教会に逃げ込んでいても
何も変わらなかったでしょう
何も変わらなかったでしょう
06:32
because the lights were out;
nobody was home.
nobody was home.
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明かりが消え
誰もいなかったからです
誰もいなかったからです
06:35
And I took that as a sign.
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私はそれを神の啓示と捉えました
06:38
When they caught some of the youth
that had done this deed,
that had done this deed,
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犯人のチンピラを捕まえてみると
06:41
to my surprise, they were around my age,
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なんと 私と同世代だったのです
06:44
but the gulf that was between us was vast.
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しかし 私たちの隔たりは大きく
06:48
It was like we were in two
completely different worlds.
completely different worlds.
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あたかも全く違う二つの世界で
暮らしているかのようでした
暮らしているかのようでした
06:52
And so as I contemplated all of this
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私はこのことを深く考え
06:55
and looked at what was happening,
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何が起こったのか調べました
06:58
I suddenly realized that there was
a paradox that was emerging inside of me,
a paradox that was emerging inside of me,
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そして突然 私の内なる矛盾に
気付いたのです
気付いたのです
07:04
and the paradox was this:
in all of those sermons
in all of those sermons
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その矛盾とは 説教では
07:06
that I preached decrying the violence,
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暴力を非難し
07:08
I was also talking about
building community,
building community,
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地域社会の再建を話してきたのに
07:13
but I suddenly realized
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私の地域社会の定義には
07:15
that there was a certain
segment of the population
segment of the population
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含まれていない階層の人々がいることに
07:18
that I was not including
in my definition of community.
in my definition of community.
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突然 気付いたのです
07:22
And so the paradox was this:
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つまり こういうことです
07:24
If I really wanted the community
that I was preaching for,
that I was preaching for,
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本当に私が
自分の管轄区が欲しいなら
自分の管轄区が欲しいなら
07:27
I needed to reach out
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私の定義から外れた人々に
07:29
and embrace this group
that I had cut out of my definition.
that I had cut out of my definition.
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手を差し伸べ
受け入れる必要があったのです
受け入れる必要があったのです
07:34
Which meant not about building programs
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暴力を傍観している人たちを
07:37
to catch those who were
on the fences of violence,
on the fences of violence,
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惹きつける企画を作るだけでなく
07:41
but to reach out and to embrace those
who were committing the acts of violence,
who were committing the acts of violence,
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暴力に関わっている人たち ―
暴力団員や麻薬ディーラーに
暴力団員や麻薬ディーラーに
07:46
the gang bangers, the drug dealers.
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手を差し伸べ 受け入れるのです
07:48
As soon as I came to that realization,
a quick question came to my mind.
a quick question came to my mind.
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それに気付いて
すぐに疑問が頭をもたげました
すぐに疑問が頭をもたげました
07:53
Why me?
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「どうして私が？」
07:55
I mean, isn't this a law
enforcement issue?
enforcement issue?
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警察の問題ではないかと
思ったのです
思ったのです
07:57
This is why we have the police, right?
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そのために警察がいるのですよね？
08:00
As soon as the question, "Why me?" came,
the answer came just as quickly:
the answer came just as quickly:
141
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でも 疑問がわいた直後に
答えも見つかりました
答えも見つかりました
08:04
Why me? Because I'm the one who
can't sleep at night thinking about it.
can't sleep at night thinking about it.
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暴力のことを考えだすと
夜も眠れないのは 私だからです
夜も眠れないのは 私だからです
08:10
Because I'm the one looking around saying
somebody needs to do something about this,
somebody needs to do something about this,
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誰かが何とかする必要があると
思っているのは 私だからです
思っているのは 私だからです
08:14
and I'm starting to realize
that that someone is me.
that that someone is me.
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そして その誰かこそ
自分だと気付きました
自分だと気付きました
08:18
I mean, isn't that how
movements start anyway?
movements start anyway?
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運動とは こうして始まるものでしょう？
08:20
They don't start with a grand convention
and people coming together
and people coming together
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初めから大きな集会に沢山 人が集まって
08:24
and then walking in lockstep
with a statement.
with a statement.
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横断幕を掲げて
行進するわけではないのです
行進するわけではないのです
08:28
But it starts with just a few,
or maybe just one.
or maybe just one.
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最初は ほんの数人
一人だけかも知れません
一人だけかも知れません
08:33
It started with me that way,
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始めの頃はそんな具合でした
08:36
and so I decided to figure out
the culture of violence
the culture of violence
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私は若者が関与する暴力文化を
08:40
in which these young people
who were committing them existed,
who were committing them existed,
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解明することにし
08:43
and I started to volunteer
at the high school.
at the high school.
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高校でボランティアを始めました
08:45
After about two weeks
of volunteering at the high school,
of volunteering at the high school,
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ボランティアを始めて
２週間が過ぎた頃
２週間が過ぎた頃
08:48
I realized that the youth
that I was trying to reach,
that I was trying to reach,
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探している若者は
08:50
they weren't going to high school.
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高校に行っていないことに
気付きました
気付きました
08:53
I started to walk in the community,
156
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私は地域を歩くようになりました
08:55
and it didn't take a rocket scientist
to realize that they weren't out
to realize that they weren't out
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彼らが昼間に外出しないことは
08:59
during the day.
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天才じゃなくてもわかります
09:01
So I started to walk the streets
at night, late at night,
at night, late at night,
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4635
だから 私は深夜の路上を
歩き始めました
歩き始めました
09:06
going into the parks where they were,
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彼らのいる公園へ行き
09:09
building the relationship
that was necessary.
that was necessary.
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必要な関係を築きました
09:12
A tragedy happened in Boston
that brought a number of clergy together,
that brought a number of clergy together,
162
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ボストンで起こった悲劇は
聖職者を団結させました
聖職者を団結させました
09:17
and there was a small cadre of us
who came to the realization
who came to the realization
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私を含め数人が悟ったのは
四方を壁に囲まれた教会から出て
四方を壁に囲まれた教会から出て
09:21
that we had to come out
of the four walls of our sanctuary
of the four walls of our sanctuary
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若者たちに会いに行く必要が
09:24
and meet the youth where they were,
165
552189
1679
あるということでした
09:25
and not try to figure out
how to bring them in.
how to bring them in.
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3457
教会に連れて来るのではないのです
09:29
And so we decided to walk together,
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2704
そこで私たちは
09:32
and we would get together
168
560439
1981
一緒に歩くことにしました
09:34
in one of the most dangerous
neighborhoods in the city
neighborhoods in the city
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その町で最も危険な場所の一つで
09:37
on a Friday night and on a Saturday night
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金曜日と土曜日の
09:39
at 10 p.m.,
171
567567
1962
夜10時に集まって
09:41
and we would walk
until 2 or 3 in the morning.
until 2 or 3 in the morning.
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569529
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深夜２時とか３時まで
歩き回りました
歩き回りました
09:44
I imagine we were quite the anomaly
when we first started walking.
when we first started walking.
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歩き始めた最初の頃
自分たちを例外だと思っていました
自分たちを例外だと思っていました
09:47
I mean, we weren't drug dealers.
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575612
2322
麻薬ディーラーでも
09:49
We weren't drug customers.
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577934
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麻薬の顧客でも
09:51
We weren't the police. Some of us
would have collars on.
would have collars on.
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2757
警察でもないからです
牧師の印の白い襟を付けた人もいました
牧師の印の白い襟を付けた人もいました
09:54
It was probably a really odd thing.
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2577
多分とても変だったでしょう
09:57
But they started speaking
to us after a while,
to us after a while,
178
585143
3204
しばらくすると
若者たちと会話するようになりました
若者たちと会話するようになりました
10:00
and what we found out is that
179
588347
1927
そして気付いたことは
10:02
while we were walking,
they were watching us,
they were watching us,
180
590274
3689
私たちが歩いている間
彼らは 私たちを見て
彼らは 私たちを見て
10:05
and they wanted to make sure
of a couple of things:
of a couple of things:
181
593963
2537
２つのことを確かめていたのです
10:08
that number one, we were going
to be consistent in our behavior,
to be consistent in our behavior,
182
596500
5171
その１：そこに来た私たちの態度に
10:13
that we would keep coming out there;
183
601671
1713
一貫性があるのか
10:15
and then secondly,
they had wanted to make sure
they had wanted to make sure
184
603384
2191
その２：若者を利用するために
10:17
that we weren't out there to exploit them.
185
605575
2555
来たわけではないこと
10:20
Because there was always
somebody who would say,
somebody who would say,
186
608130
2280
というのも 「安全な通りを取り戻す」と
10:22
"We're going to take back the streets,"
187
610410
1864
主張する人間はいつでも
10:24
but they would always seem to have
a television camera with them,
a television camera with them,
188
612274
3124
テレビカメラやレポーターと
10:27
or a reporter,
189
615398
1833
一緒にいるようだったからです
10:29
and they would enhance
their own reputation
their own reputation
190
617231
2508
自分の名声を高めるために
10:31
to the detriment of those on the streets.
191
619739
2507
路上の若者を利用しているのです
10:34
So when they saw that we had none of that,
192
622246
2555
だから私たちが
誰も連れていないのを見て
誰も連れていないのを見て
10:36
they decided to talk to us.
193
624801
2309
話しかけてきたのです
10:39
And then we did
an amazing thing for preachers.
an amazing thing for preachers.
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そして私たちは
牧師としては驚くべき態度に出ました
牧師としては驚くべき態度に出ました
10:43
We decided to listen and not preach.
195
631255
4097
説教はせず
聞くことにしたのです
聞くことにしたのです
10:47
Come on, give it up for me.
196
635352
1871
さあ 拍手してくださいよ
10:49
(Laughter) (Applause)
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637223
3459
(笑) (拍手)
10:52
All right, come on, you're cutting
into my time now, okay? (Laughter)
into my time now, okay? (Laughter)
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640682
4110
私の時間に
食い込んでますよ (笑)
食い込んでますよ (笑)
10:56
But it was amazing.
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644792
1820
でも 素晴らしかった
10:58
We said to them, "We don't know
our own communities after 9 p.m. at night,
our own communities after 9 p.m. at night,
200
646612
6307
彼らに こう話しかけました
「私たちは夜９時以降の地域の様子 ―
「私たちは夜９時以降の地域の様子 ―
11:04
between 9 p.m. and 5 a.m.,
201
652919
2840
夜９時から朝５時までの様子を知らないが
11:07
but you do.
202
655759
1050
君たちは知っている
11:09
You are the subject matter experts,
if you will, of that period of time.
if you will, of that period of time.
203
657389
5162
君たちは夜の時間帯の
エキスパートなんだ
エキスパートなんだ
11:14
So talk to us. Teach us.
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662551
2836
だから私たちに教えてほしい
11:17
Help us to see what we're not seeing.
205
665387
2090
私たちに見えないことが見えるように
11:19
Help us to understand
what we're not understanding."
what we're not understanding."
206
667477
3785
理解していないことを
理解できるように手伝ってほしい」
理解できるように手伝ってほしい」
11:23
And they were all too happy to do that,
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671262
2415
若者は喜んでやってくれました
11:25
and we got an idea of what life
on the streets was all about,
on the streets was all about,
208
673677
4759
私たちはストリートでの暮らしが
分かってきました
分かってきました
11:30
very different than what you see
on the 11 o'clock news,
on the 11 o'clock news,
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678436
3808
11時のニュース報道とは全然違うのです
11:34
very different than what is portrayed
in popular media and even social media.
in popular media and even social media.
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682244
6236
人気メディアやソーシャルメディアの報道とも
全然違うのです
全然違うのです
11:40
And as we were talking with them,
211
688480
2216
若者たちと話しているうちに
11:42
a number of myths were dispelled
about them with us.
about them with us.
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690696
4203
彼らに対する偏見が
消えて行きました
消えて行きました
11:46
And one of the biggest myths was
that these kids were cold and heartless
that these kids were cold and heartless
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694899
6677
ひどい偏見の一つは
この子たちは冷たく残酷で
この子たちは冷たく残酷で
11:53
and uncharacteristically bold
in their violence.
in their violence.
214
701576
3864
暴力を好むというものです
11:57
What we found out was the exact opposite.
215
705440
3297
私たちが見たのは
その真逆の姿です
その真逆の姿です
12:00
Most of the young people
who were out there on the streets
who were out there on the streets
216
708737
2740
路上にいる若者の大半は
12:03
are just trying to make it on the streets.
217
711477
3065
そこでうまく生活しようとしています
12:06
And we also found out
218
714542
1950
さらに分かったことは
12:08
that some of the most
intelligent and creative
intelligent and creative
219
716492
3560
ストリートには
私たちが今まで会った中で
私たちが今まで会った中で
12:12
and magnificent and wise
220
720052
6927
最も知的で クリエイティブで
堂々として
堂々として
12:18
people that we've ever met
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726979
2493
賢い若者たちがいて
12:21
were on the street,
engaged in a struggle.
engaged in a struggle.
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729472
4185
そこで闘っていたのです
12:26
And I know some of them call it survival,
but I call them overcomers,
but I call them overcomers,
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734247
4143
それをサバイバルと呼ぶ若者もいますが
私は克服だと思います
私は克服だと思います
12:30
because when you're in
the conditions that they're in,
the conditions that they're in,
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738390
3040
彼らのような状況に置かれると
12:33
to be able to live every day
is an accomplishment of overcoming.
is an accomplishment of overcoming.
225
741430
5179
日々生きることは
克服することなのです
克服することなのです
12:39
And as a result of that, we said to them,
226
747669
2154
それを受けて
私たちは彼らに尋ねました
私たちは彼らに尋ねました
12:41
"How do you see this church,
how do you see this institution
how do you see this institution
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749823
3448
「こういう状況を改善するために
教会は何をすればいいと思う？」
教会は何をすればいいと思う？」
12:45
helping this situation?"
228
753271
3041
「こういう状況を改善するために
教会は何をすればいいと思う？」
教会は何をすればいいと思う？」
12:48
And we developed a plan
in conversation with these youths.
in conversation with these youths.
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756312
3808
私たちは若者との会話を通じて
計画を立てました
計画を立てました
12:52
We stopped looking at them
as the problem to be solved,
as the problem to be solved,
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760610
4154
若者を問題視することを止め
12:56
and we started looking at them
as partners, as assets,
as partners, as assets,
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764764
5178
地域社会の暴力削減運動の
パートナーであり 有用な人材であり
パートナーであり 有用な人材であり
13:01
as co-laborers in the struggle
to reduce violence in the community.
to reduce violence in the community.
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769942
5712
仲間として
彼らを見るようになりました
彼らを見るようになりました
13:07
Imagine developing a plan,
233
775654
2182
計画を立てるのを
想像してみてください
想像してみてください
13:09
you have one minister at one table
and a heroin dealer at the other table,
and a heroin dealer at the other table,
234
777836
5109
牧師と麻薬ディーラーが
席を共にして
席を共にして
13:14
coming up with a way in which the church
can help the entire community.
can help the entire community.
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782945
5472
教会が地域社会全体を
支援する方法を考えるのです
支援する方法を考えるのです
13:21
The Boston Miracle was about
bringing people together.
bringing people together.
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789510
4278
ボストンの奇跡は
人々を団結させました
人々を団結させました
13:25
We had other partners.
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793788
1857
私たちには他にも協力者がいました
13:27
We had law enforcement partners.
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795645
1603
司法関係者がおり
13:29
We had police officers.
239
797248
2912
警察官がいました
13:32
It wasn't the entire force,
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800160
2150
ただ警官全員ではありません
13:34
because there were still some who still
had that lock-'em-up mentality,
had that lock-'em-up mentality,
241
802310
4690
「刑務所送りにすればいい」と
考える人も いましたから
考える人も いましたから
13:39
but there were other cops
242
807000
2136
でも 地域社会のために協力するのを
13:41
who saw the honor in partnering
with the community,
with the community,
243
809136
5085
名誉だと思う警官もいました
13:46
who saw the responsibility from themselves
244
814221
3186
彼らはコミュニティ・リーダーや
信仰指導者と
信仰指導者と
13:49
to be able to work as partners
with community leaders and faith leaders
with community leaders and faith leaders
245
817407
6553
働くことを責務とみなし
13:55
in order to reduce violence
in the community.
in the community.
246
823960
2530
地域社会の暴力削減に
努めてきました
努めてきました
13:58
Same with probation officers,
247
826490
2451
保護観察官も然り
14:00
same with judges,
248
828941
1881
裁判官も然り
14:02
same with folks who were
up that law enforcement chain,
up that law enforcement chain,
249
830822
3738
司法関連の人々も然り
14:06
because they realized, like we did,
250
834560
2183
なぜなら私たちが気付いたように
14:08
that we'll never arrest ourselves
out of this situation,
out of this situation,
251
836743
3692
この状況から抜け出すには
14:12
that there will not be
enough prosecutions made,
enough prosecutions made,
252
840435
5879
いくら起訴をしても
14:18
and you cannot fill these jails up enough
253
846314
5448
いくら刑務所送りにしても
14:23
in order to alleviate the problem.
254
851762
3185
問題解決に至らないことに
彼らも気付いたのです
彼らも気付いたのです
14:27
I helped to start an organization
255
855897
3740
私は20年前に
信仰に基づいた団体を
信仰に基づいた団体を
14:31
20 years ago, a faith-based organization,
to deal with this issue.
to deal with this issue.
256
859637
4806
この問題を解決するために
立ち上げました
立ち上げました
14:36
I left it about four years ago
257
864443
3297
私は４年前に退き
14:39
and started working in cities
across the United States,
across the United States,
258
867740
3100
アメリカの合計19の都市での
14:42
19 in total,
259
870840
1939
活動を開始しました
14:44
and what I found out
was that in those cities,
was that in those cities,
260
872779
2820
そして気付いたことは
そういう都市には
そういう都市には
14:47
there was always this component
of community leaders
of community leaders
261
875599
4830
常に地域の
リーダーとなる人がいて
リーダーとなる人がいて
14:52
who put their heads down
and their nose to the grindstone,
and their nose to the grindstone,
262
880429
4295
頭を下げながら コツコツ働き
14:56
who checked their egos at the door
263
884724
2966
エゴは決して持ち込まず
14:59
and saw the whole as greater
than the sum of its parts,
than the sum of its parts,
264
887690
3257
全体の力は 個人の力を足したものより
大きいことを理解し
大きいことを理解し
15:02
and came together and found ways
to work with youth out on the streets,
to work with youth out on the streets,
265
890947
5619
力を合わせて 路上の若者と
共に活動する方法を見つけていました
共に活動する方法を見つけていました
15:08
that the solution is not more cops,
266
896566
4783
そして解決策は
警官を増員することではなく
警官を増員することではなく
15:13
but the solution is mining the assets
that are there in the community,
that are there in the community,
267
901349
5294
地域の人材を掘り起こして
15:18
to have a strong community component
268
906643
3738
暴力を削減するために協働する
15:22
in the collaboration
around violence reduction.
around violence reduction.
269
910381
4992
強力な地域の体制を作ることなのです
15:27
Now, there is a movement
in the United States
in the United States
270
915373
4332
アメリカで
私の自慢の若者たちが
私の自慢の若者たちが
15:31
of young people who I am very proud of
who are dealing with the structural issues
who are dealing with the structural issues
271
919705
6594
構造改革の問題に取組み
15:38
that need to change if we're going
to be a better society.
to be a better society.
272
926299
4457
より良い社会を築こうとしています
15:42
But there is this political ploy
to try to pit police brutality
to try to pit police brutality
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一方で 黒人同士の暴力に対して
15:47
and police misconduct
against black-on-black violence.
against black-on-black violence.
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警察が暴力や職務乱用で
対抗しようとする政治的策略がありますが
対抗しようとする政治的策略がありますが
15:52
But it's a fiction.
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これは所詮 絵空事です
15:54
It's all connected.
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2020
すべてが連鎖しているのですから
15:56
When you think about decades
of failed housing policies
of failed housing policies
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数十年に渡って
破綻した住宅政策に
破綻した住宅政策に
16:01
and poor educational structures,
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3877
貧弱な教育システム ―
16:05
when you think about
persistent unemployment
persistent unemployment
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地域における
長期に渡る失業に
長期に渡る失業に
16:08
and underemployment in a community,
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不安定な労働条件 ―
16:11
when you think about poor healthcare,
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2764
そして 医療サービスの不足を考えると
そんな環境に 麻薬や
ダッフルバッグに詰めた銃を
ダッフルバッグに詰めた銃を
16:14
and then you throw drugs into the mix
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3176
16:17
and duffel bags full of guns,
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放り込めば
16:19
little wonder that you would see
this culture of violence emerge.
this culture of violence emerge.
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こういう暴力文化が現れるのも
全然不思議ではないのです
全然不思議ではないのです
16:24
And then the response that comes
from the state is more cops
from the state is more cops
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結果として州の対応は
警官の増員と
警官の増員と
16:29
and more suppression of hot spots.
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3156
危険地域の取り締まり強化になります
16:32
It's all connected,
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980296
2266
すべて連鎖しているのです
16:34
and one of the wonderful things
that we've been able to do
that we've been able to do
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3778
私たちが行った
素晴らしいことの一つは
素晴らしいことの一つは
16:38
is to be able to show the value
of partnering together --
of partnering together --
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5133
暴力削減を目指して
16:43
community, law enforcement,
private sector, the city --
private sector, the city --
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5566
地域社会、警察、企業、市当局が
共に連携することの
共に連携することの
16:49
in order to reduce violence.
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1388
価値を示したことです
16:50
You have to value
that community component.
that community component.
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3637
地域社会の価値を
尊重しなければなりません
尊重しなければなりません
16:54
I believe that we can end
the era of violence in our cities.
the era of violence in our cities.
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6106
私は都市の暴力の時代に
終止符を打てると信じています
終止符を打てると信じています
17:01
I believe that it is possible
and that people are doing it even now.
and that people are doing it even now.
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できると信じているし
人々が 今まさに取り組んでいますが
人々が 今まさに取り組んでいますが
17:07
But I need your help.
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1353
みなさんの支援が必要です
17:09
It can't just come from folks
who are burning themselves out
who are burning themselves out
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4649
地域社会で
人々は精根尽き果てています
人々は精根尽き果てています
17:14
in the community.
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1558
地域社会で
人々は精根尽き果てています
人々は精根尽き果てています
17:15
They need support. They need help.
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あなたの支援や
援助が必要なのです
援助が必要なのです
17:18
Go back to your city.
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1938
自分の街に帰ったら
17:20
Find those people.
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1579
そういう人々を見つけてください
17:22
"You need some help? I'll help you out."
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2717
「お困りですか？」
「私がお助けします」
「私がお助けします」
17:24
Find those people. They're there.
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3204
人々を見つけるのです
彼らはそこにいます
彼らはそこにいます
17:28
Bring them together with law enforcement,
the private sector, and the city,
the private sector, and the city,
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5357
そして彼らが暴力削減という目標の下に
警察、企業、市当局と
警察、企業、市当局と
17:33
with the one aim of reducing violence,
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2863
連携できるようにしてください
17:36
but make sure that
that community component is strong.
that community component is strong.
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3946
地域に活力を与えてください
17:40
Because the old adage
that comes from Burundi is right:
that comes from Burundi is right:
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3321
ブルンジ共和国には古い諺があって
まさにその通りなのです
まさにその通りなのです
17:43
that you do for me,
without me, you do to me.
without me, you do to me.
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「私のためにと思っていても
私抜きなら 押し付けているだけ」
私抜きなら 押し付けているだけ」
17:51
God bless you. Thank you.
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皆さんに神のご加護を
ありがとうございました
ありがとうございました
17:53
(Applause)
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4000
(拍手)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jeffrey Brown - PastorA key player in the "Boston miracle" that lowered the rate of youth crime and gang violence, Rev. Jeffrey Brown is a Baptist minister.
Why you should listen
Rev. Jeffrey Brown is the president of RECAP (Rebuilding Every Community Around Peace), a national organization that helps cities build partnerships between the faith-based community, government and law enforcement agencies to reduce gang violence. He is one of the co-founders of the Boston Ten Point Coalition, a faith-based group that was an integral part of the “Boston miracle,” a process through which the city experienced a 79% decline in violent crime in the '90s, and spawned countless urban collaborative efforts in subsequent years that followed the Boston Ceasefire model. He served as its Executive Director from 2005 to 2013.
Rev. Brown consults to municipalities and police departments nationwide on issues around youth violence and community mobilization. His current project is to convene a second national conference of faith leaders and law enforcement, and facilitate a national conversation on the importance of faith institutions in public safety.
More profile about the speakerRev. Brown consults to municipalities and police departments nationwide on issues around youth violence and community mobilization. His current project is to convene a second national conference of faith leaders and law enforcement, and facilitate a national conversation on the importance of faith institutions in public safety.
Jeffrey Brown | Speaker | TED.com