Nagin Cox: What time is it on Mars?
ナギーン・コックス: 火星では今何時?
Nagin Cox explores Mars as part of the team that operates NASA's rovers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
the movie "The Martian."
ご覧になっていると思いますが
火星に取り残された宇宙飛行士が
it's a movie about an astronaut
and his efforts to stay alive
姿を描いた映画です
to bring him back to Earth.
最終的に彼は地球に帰還することができます
主人公ワトニー宇宙飛行士は
astronaut Watney, at some point
on Mars until he can be rescued.
火星でそんなに孤独ではなくなります
いなくても
or even if you haven't,
how far away it is and how distant.
はるか遠くに存在するものと感じるでしょう
have occurred to you is,
ないかもしれませんが
of working on another planet --
火星に探査車や人がいる状況で
2つの惑星で生活するには
and there are rovers or people on Mars?
必要になるのでしょう?
families and co-workers
西海岸のカリフォルニア
想像してください
or in other parts of the world.
to communicate with them,
連絡を取ろうとして
you probably first think about is:
今何時だろう?」
ということでしょう
with colleagues who are in Europe,
communication when people are far away?
どうすべきかということでしょう
right now, but we do have rovers.
無人探査車は送っています
it is 6:10 in the morning.
午前6時10分です
on Mars since the mid-1990s,
to work on three of them.
3台の運用に従事する機会を得ました
a spacecraft operations engineer,
米航空宇宙局(NASA)に付属する
ジェット推進研究所で働いています
in Los Angeles, California.
are our robotic emissaries.
私たちのロボット使節です
and they see the planet for us
人が到達する日まで
on other planets through these rovers.
ほかの惑星での活動の仕方を学んでいます
ロボットを送っているわけです
地球と火星の間に
on Mars right now,
地球の1日よりも長いためです
is longer than the Earth day.
the Earth to rotate,
かかる時間で
24時間です
40 minutes to rotate once.
およそ24時間40分かかります
40分長いということです
is 40 minutes longer than the Earth day.
火星上の探査車を操作するチームは
the rovers on Mars, like this one,
on Earth, but working on Mars.
火星で仕事をしています
on Mars with the rover.
探査車と一緒にいると考える必要があります
of which I'm a part of,
指示することです
to tell it what to do the next day.
先に指示しておくのです
or tell her whatever she's supposed to do.
and the rover does sleep at night
探査車は夜になると眠るんです
to recharge her batteries
the cold Martian night.
on her program for the next day.
地球で出勤するためには―
at the same time every day on Mars --
at work at 5:00 p.m.,
at 5:00 p.m. Mars time every day,
出勤するとしましょう
on the Earth 40 minutes later every day,
地球時間では
遅らせなければなりません
the next day 40 minutes later at 8:40,
翌日は40分遅れて8時40分
in the middle of the night --
how confusing that is.
おわかりいただけると思います
have been mechanically adjusted
the rovers back then.
「オポチュニティ」のときに買いましたが
we'll just have the time on our computers
管制室の画面上の時計で
and that would be enough.
working on Mars time,
about what time it was.
混乱することになりました
on your wrist to tell you:
地球時間で今何時か
What time is it on Mars?
教えてくれるものが必要となったのです
that was confusing;
時間だけではありませんでした
to talk to each other about it.
新しい言葉が必要でした
これを「ソル」(sol)と言います
again, 24 hours and 40 minutes.
that's happening on the Earth,
今日の出来事について話すときは
「トゥソル」と言います
火星では「イエスタソル」です
"Oh, let's invent a language."
思っていたわけではなく
walked up to me and said,
とある人に言われて
on the vehicle tomorrow, on the rover."
or Mars, tomorrow?"
と聞き返したんです
we needed a way to talk to each other.
生まれたのです
「翌ソル」か「ソルロー」です
人によって違うので
for the words they use.
「ポップ」と言う人もいます
and some of you might say "pop."
2つの言い方があります
"nextersol" or "solorrow."
a few years of working on these missions,
しばらくして気づきましたが
on the rovers, we say "tosol."
「トゥソル」と言い
landed missions that don't rove around,
you worked on from your Martian accent.
「火星なまり」でわかるのです
時計も言葉も
and you're detecting a theme here, right?
could confuse us.
混乱の原因となります
you've come to work
出勤するとき
from the windows
this image of the control room
about a week before landing,
ビルのブラインド全てが降ろされ
until we went off Mars time.
降りたままでした
for the house, for at home.
火星時間で生活しましたが
and my husband is like,
and dark curtains and shades
遮光カーテン、ブラインドでおおいます
this darkened environment, but so was he.
emails from him when he was at work.
電子メールをよこし
so he needs a Mars watch.
決心しました
so there's an app for that.
もちろんアプリがあります
we can also use our phones.
もっと広い範囲に及びます
was just across the board;
who were working on the rovers
私たちだけでなく
one of our flight directors,
デイビッドで
with his family at 1:00 in the morning.
家族と撮った写真です
to school until September,
with him for one month.
and had these great adventures,
たくさん風変わりな経験をしました
in the middle of the night
that we all discovered
ロサンゼルスのどこだろうと
when there's no traffic.
行けるということです
and bother our families,
going locally to eat something,
all-night deli in Long Beach,
開いてるはずだ」
it was like the 60s, no traffic.
がら空きの道路を飛ばします
and the restaurant owners would go,
at 3:00 in the morning?"
that there were these packs of Martians,
火星人の群れが—
真夜中にうろついていることに
in the middle of the night --
start calling ourselves Martians.
「火星人」と呼びはじめました
would refer to ourselves as Martians,
a time-zone every day,
感覚になってきます
from everyone else.
"I survived Mars time. Sol 0-90."
「火星時間0~90ソルからの生還者」
up on the screen.
is because we work on Mars time
火星時間で仕事をし
パフォーマンスを発揮できるよう
with the rover on Mars,
調整した人です
for more than three to four months.
長くて3~4ヶ月です
time, which is what we're working now.
スケジュールに移行しています
大きな負担になるからです
your bodies, it's hard on your families.
who actually were studying us
睡眠の研究者もいました
to try to extend their day.
人間にとってすごく不自然なことですから
30人ほどを選んで
sleep deprivation experiments on.
実験をしました
and I fell asleep in each one.
テストを受けてから寝ました
this eventually becomes hard on your body.
結局のところ 体に負担となるのです
with the other members on the team,
steps out into the solar system.
太陽系に広げていく第一歩です
on more than one planet.
またがって生きる術を学んでいます
to become multi-planetary.
考え方を学んでいるのです
a Star Wars movie,
from the Dagobah system to Tatooine,
惑星タトゥイーンに行く人が出てきたら
people spread out so far.
どういうことか考えてみてください
of the distances between them,
separate from each other
to Mars yet, but we hope to.
送りたいと思っています
space agencies of the world,
in the next few decades.
実現したいと思っています
and we truly will be multi-planetary.
多星文明の時代がやって来ます
男の子や女の子の中に
in this audience or listening today.
on these missions since I was 14 years old
JPLの探査計画で働きたいと思っていました
in the space program,
またとない素晴らしい時代です
you don't have enough time in your day,
「1日が短すぎる」と感じたら
of your Earthly perspective.
思い出してください
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nagin Cox - Spacecraft operations engineerNagin Cox explores Mars as part of the team that operates NASA's rovers.
Why you should listen
Nagin Cox has been exploring since she decided as a teenager that she wanted to work at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. She was born in Bangalore, India, and grew up in Kansas City, Kansas, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Her experiences as a child in a Muslim household showed her how easily we separate ourselves based on gender, race or nationality, and it inspired her to do something that brings people together instead of dividing them. The Space Program helps the world "look up" and remember that we are one world. Thus, she has known from the time she was 14 years old that she wanted to work on missions of robotic space exploration.
Cox realized her childhood dream and has been a spacecraft operations engineer at NASA/JPL for over 20 years. She has held leadership and system engineering positions on interplanetary robotic missions including the Galileo mission to Jupiter, the Mars Exploration Rovers, the Kepler exoplanet hunter, InSight and the Mars Curiosity Rover.
In 2015, Cox was honored as the namesake for Asteroid 14061 by its discovers. She has also received the NASA Exceptional Service Medal and two NASA Exceptional Achievement Medals. She is a U.S. Department of State STEM Speaker and has spoken to audiences around the world on the stories of the people behind the missions. She has also served on Cornell University’s President's Council for Cornell Women.
Before her time at JPL, Cox served for 6 years in the US Air Force including duty as a Space Operations Officer at NORAD/US Space Command. She holds engineering degrees from Cornell University and the Air Force Institute of Technology as well as a psychology degree from Cornell. (Sometimes she is not sure which one she uses more: the engineering degree or the psychology degree.)
Cox is currently a Tactical Mission Lead on the Curiosity Rover, and every day at NASA/JPL exploring space is as rewarding as the first. You can contact her at nagincox(at)outlook.com.
Nagin Cox | Speaker | TED.com