Nagin Cox: What time is it on Mars?
Nagin Cox: Que horas são em Marte?
Nagin Cox explores Mars as part of the team that operates NASA's rovers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
the movie "The Martian."
o filme "Perdido em Marte".
it's a movie about an astronaut
sobre um astronauta
and his efforts to stay alive
e luta para se manter vivo
to bring him back to Earth.
para o fazer regressar à Terra.
com o personagem, o astronauta Watney,
astronaut Watney, at some point
on Mars until he can be rescued.
até conseguir ser salvo.
or even if you haven't,
quer não,
how far away it is and how distant.
em como está longe e distante.
have occurred to you is,
of working on another planet --
de trabalhar noutro planeta,
and there are rovers or people on Mars?
e há veículos ou pessoas em Marte.
families and co-workers
família ou colegas de trabalho
or in other parts of the world.
ou noutras partes do mundo.
to communicate with them,
you probably first think about is:
pensam primeiro é:
with colleagues who are in Europe,
com colegas que estão na Europa,
communication when people are far away?
a comunicação
right now, but we do have rovers.
mas temos veículos.
it is 6:10 in the morning.
são 6:10 da manhã.
on Mars since the mid-1990s,
em meados dos anos 90
to work on three of them.
de trabalhar com três deles.
a spacecraft operations engineer,
engenheira de operações espaciais
in Los Angeles, California.
da NASA, em Los Angeles, na Califórnia.
are our robotic emissaries.
os nossos emissários robôs.
and they see the planet for us
veem o planeta por nossa conta
on other planets through these rovers.
por intermédio destes veículos.
enviamos robôs.
on Mars right now,
em Marte, neste momento,
is longer than the Earth day.
é maior do que o dia da Terra.
the Earth to rotate,
que demora a rotação da Terra,
40 minutes to rotate once.
de 40 minutos na sua rotação.
is 40 minutes longer than the Earth day.
do que o dia na Terra.
the rovers on Mars, like this one,
a funcionar com os veículos, em Marte,
on Earth, but working on Mars.
mas trabalham em Marte.
on Mars with the rover.
em Marte, com os veículos.
of which I'm a part of,
de que eu faço parte,
to tell it what to do the next day.
no dia seguinte.
or tell her whatever she's supposed to do.
ou o que quer que seja que deve fazer.
and the rover does sleep at night
— e o veículo dorme de noite
to recharge her batteries
as baterias
the cold Martian night.
contra a noite fria de Marte.
on her program for the next day.
no programa para o dia seguinte.
da noite marciana.
at the same time every day on Mars --
à mesma hora, todos os dias, em Marte
at work at 5:00 p.m.,
às 5:00 da tarde,
at 5:00 p.m. Mars time every day,
às 5:00 da tarde, em Marte, todos os dias —
on the Earth 40 minutes later every day,
40 minutos mais tarde, todos os dias,
todos os dias.
the next day 40 minutes later at 8:40,
40 minutos depois, às 8:40,
40 minutos depois, às 9:20,
in the middle of the night --
a meio da noite
how confusing that is.
have been mechanically adjusted
foram ajustados mecanicamente
the rovers back then.
eram os veículos dessa altura.
we'll just have the time on our computers
nos computadores
and that would be enough.
e seria o suficiente.
working on Mars time,
só a trabalhar com a hora de Marte,
about what time it was.
quanto à hora em que estávamos.
on your wrist to tell you:
que nos dissesse:
What time is it on Mars?
Que horas são em Marte?
that was confusing;
que era confuso.
to talk to each other about it.
falar nas horas uns com os outros.
again, 24 hours and 40 minutes.
— repito, 24 horas e 40 minutos.
that's happening on the Earth,
que está a acontecer na Terra,
para Marte.
"Oh, let's invent a language."
"Oh, vamos inventar uma língua".
walked up to me and said,
me ter dito:
on the vehicle tomorrow, on the rover."
com o veículo, amanhã".
or Mars, tomorrow?"
ou amanhã em Marte?"
we needed a way to talk to each other.
de falarmos uns com os outros.
"nextersol" ou "solorrow".
for the words they use.
para as palavras que usam.
and some of you might say "pop."
e quem diga "Coca-cola".
"nextersol" or "solorrow."
e quem diga "solorrow".
a few years of working on these missions,
de trabalhar nestas missões,
on the rovers, we say "tosol."
com os veículos, dizemos "tosol".
landed missions that don't rove around,
em que não os veículos estão parados
you worked on from your Martian accent.
alguém trabalhou, pelo sotaque marciano.
and you're detecting a theme here, right?
e estamos a detetar um tema, não é?
could confuse us.
nos pode confundir.
you've come to work
começam a trabalhar
from the windows
this image of the control room
da sala de controlo
about a week before landing,
estavam fechados
until we went off Mars time.
quando saímos do tempo de Marte.
for the house, for at home.
and my husband is like,
e o meu marido também.
para as horas de Marte.
and dark curtains and shades
e cortinas e sombras escuras
as nossas famílias.
this darkened environment, but so was he.
escurecido, e ele também.
emails from him when he was at work.
quando ele estava a trabalhar:
so he needs a Mars watch.
"Ok, ele precisa de um relógio de Marte".
so there's an app for that.
há uma aplicação para isso.
we can also use our phones.
podemos usar os telemóveis.
was just across the board;
era bastante mais amplo.
who were working on the rovers
estavam a trabalhar com os veículos,
one of our flight directors,
um dos diretores de voo.
with his family at 1:00 in the morning.
com a família, à 1;00 da manhã.
to school until September,
para a escola em setembro,
with him for one month.
durante um mês.
mais tarde, todos os dias,
de trabalho do pai.
and had these great adventures,
e tiveram grandes aventuras,
in the middle of the night
a meio da noite
that we all discovered
que todos nós descobrimos,
em Los Angeles
when there's no traffic.
quando não há trânsito.
and bother our families,
perturbar as nossas famílias.
going locally to eat something,
de ir comer qualquer coisa ali perto,
all-night deli in Long Beach,
aberto toda a noite, em Long Beach.
it was like the 60s, no traffic.
— era como nos anos 60, sem trânsito.
and the restaurant owners would go,
do restaurante dizia:
at 3:00 in the morning?"
às 3:00 da manhã?"
that there were these packs of Martians,
que eram grupos de marcianos,
in the middle of the night --
a meio da noite
start calling ourselves Martians.
a chamar-nos marcianos.
would refer to ourselves as Martians,
referíamo-nos uns as outros como marcianos
a time-zone every day,
um fuso horário por dia,
from everyone else.
das outras pessoas todas.
"I survived Mars time. Sol 0-90."
Sol 0-90".
up on the screen.
is because we work on Mars time
porque trabalhamos na hora de Marte
with the rover on Mars,
com os veículos em Marte,
o melhor possível.
for more than three to four months.
mais de três ou quatro meses.
time, which is what we're working now.
de Marte modificada,
agora a trabalhar.
your bodies, it's hard on your families.
é duro para as nossas famílias.
who actually were studying us
que nos estavam a estudar
to try to extend their day.
tentem aumentar o dia.
de privação de sono, em 30 de nós.
sleep deprivation experiments on.
and I fell asleep in each one.
e adormecia sempre,
this eventually becomes hard on your body.
por ser duro para o nosso corpo.
with the other members on the team,
com os outros membros da equipa
steps out into the solar system.
os nossos primeiros passos
on more than one planet.
em mais de um planeta.
to become multi-planetary.
para sermos multiplanetários.
a Star Wars movie,
um filme da Star Wars
from the Dagobah system to Tatooine,
do sistema Dagoban para o Tatooine,
people spread out so far.
ter pessoas espalhadas por tão longe.
of the distances between them,
das distâncias entre elas,
separate from each other
umas das outras
to Mars yet, but we hope to.
para Marte, mas esperamos fazê-lo.
space agencies of the world,
internacionais do mundo,
in the next few decades.
nas próximas décadas.
and we truly will be multi-planetary.
e seremos multiplanetários.
in this audience or listening today.
aqui neste público ou estar hoje a ouvir.
on these missions since I was 14 years old
nestas missões, desde os meus 14 anos
in the space program,
no programa espacial.
you don't have enough time in your day,
que não têm tempo que chegue no vosso dia,
of your Earthly perspective.
da vossa perspetiva terráquea.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nagin Cox - Spacecraft operations engineerNagin Cox explores Mars as part of the team that operates NASA's rovers.
Why you should listen
Nagin Cox has been exploring since she decided as a teenager that she wanted to work at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. She was born in Bangalore, India, and grew up in Kansas City, Kansas, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Her experiences as a child in a Muslim household showed her how easily we separate ourselves based on gender, race or nationality, and it inspired her to do something that brings people together instead of dividing them. The Space Program helps the world "look up" and remember that we are one world. Thus, she has known from the time she was 14 years old that she wanted to work on missions of robotic space exploration.
Cox realized her childhood dream and has been a spacecraft operations engineer at NASA/JPL for over 20 years. She has held leadership and system engineering positions on interplanetary robotic missions including the Galileo mission to Jupiter, the Mars Exploration Rovers, the Kepler exoplanet hunter, InSight and the Mars Curiosity Rover.
In 2015, Cox was honored as the namesake for Asteroid 14061 by its discovers. She has also received the NASA Exceptional Service Medal and two NASA Exceptional Achievement Medals. She is a U.S. Department of State STEM Speaker and has spoken to audiences around the world on the stories of the people behind the missions. She has also served on Cornell University’s President's Council for Cornell Women.
Before her time at JPL, Cox served for 6 years in the US Air Force including duty as a Space Operations Officer at NORAD/US Space Command. She holds engineering degrees from Cornell University and the Air Force Institute of Technology as well as a psychology degree from Cornell. (Sometimes she is not sure which one she uses more: the engineering degree or the psychology degree.)
Cox is currently a Tactical Mission Lead on the Curiosity Rover, and every day at NASA/JPL exploring space is as rewarding as the first. You can contact her at nagincox(at)outlook.com.
Nagin Cox | Speaker | TED.com