Nagin Cox: What time is it on Mars?
Nagin Cox: Que horas são em Marte?
Nagin Cox explores Mars as part of the team that operates NASA's rovers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
the movie "The Martian."
assistido ao filme "Perdido em Marte".
it's a movie about an astronaut
é um filme sobre um astronauta
and his efforts to stay alive
e seus esfoços para sobreviver
to bring him back to Earth.
de resgate para trazê-lo de volta.
astronaut Watney, at some point
on Mars until he can be rescued.
em Marte até ser resgatado.
or even if you haven't,
ou mesmo sem assisti-lo,
how far away it is and how distant.
em como ele é distante.
have occurred to you is,
of working on another planet --
de trabalhar num outro planeta,
and there are rovers or people on Mars?
e sondas ou pessoas em Marte?"
famílias e colegas de trabalho
families and co-workers
or in other parts of the world.
ou em outras partes do mundo.
to communicate with them,
se comunicar com eles,
you probably first think about is:
with colleagues who are in Europe,
com colegas na Europa,
communication when people are far away?
para coordenar uma comunicação
right now, but we do have rovers.
mas há sondas.
são 6:10 da manhã.
it is 6:10 in the morning.
on Mars since the mid-1990s,
a Marte desde a metade dos anos 90,
de trabalhar em três delas.
to work on three of them.
a spacecraft operations engineer,
de nave espacial,
in Los Angeles, California.
em Los Angeles, Califórnia.
are our robotic emissaries.
and they see the planet for us
e vêem o planeta por nós
em outros planetas através das sondas.
on other planets through these rovers.
mandamos robôs.
on Mars right now,
e o horário que temos aqui
is longer than the Earth day.
é mais longo do que o terráqueo.
the Earth to rotate,
leva para fazer uma rotação,
40 minutes to rotate once.
e aproximadamente 40 minutos
is 40 minutes longer than the Earth day.
tem 40 minutos a mais do que na Terra.
the rovers on Mars, like this one,
as sondas em Marte, como esta aqui,
on Earth, but working on Mars.
on Mars with the rover.
em Marte, com a sonda.
of which I'm a part of,
da qual eu faço parte,
to tell it what to do the next day.
dizendo-lhe o que fazer no dia seguinte:
aquilo que ela deve fazer.
or tell her whatever she's supposed to do.
and the rover does sleep at night
e a sonda dorme mesmo à noite
to recharge her batteries
the cold Martian night.
on her program for the next day.
no programa para ela no dia seguinte.
at the same time every day on Mars --
at work at 5:00 p.m.,
ir trabalhar às 5 da tarde,
at 5:00 p.m. Mars time every day,
horário de Marte, todos os dias,
nosso horário de trabalho na Terra,
on the Earth 40 minutes later every day,
the next day 40 minutes later at 8:40,
mais tarde, às 8h40,
in the middle of the night --
no meio da noite terrestre.
how confusing that is.
have been mechanically adjusted
foram ajustados mecanicamente
the rovers back then.
eram as sondas na época.
we'll just have the time on our computers
a hora em nossos computadores
and that would be enough.
no horário de Marte,
working on Mars time,
about what time it was.
sobre que horas eram.
on your wrist to tell you:
What time is it on Mars?
Que horas são em Marte?
that was confusing;
que eram confusas;
to talk to each other about it.
uns com os outros sobre Marte.
again, 24 hours and 40 minutes.
that's happening on the Earth,
acontecendo na Terra, dizemos "hoje".
"Oh, let's invent a language."
"Vamos inventar uma língua".
walked up to me and said,
on the vehicle tomorrow, on the rover."
no veículo amanhã, na sonda".
or Mars, tomorrow?"
ou amanhã de Marte?"
we needed a way to talk to each other.
precisávamos de uma forma de conversar.
for the words they use.
pelas palavras que escolhem.
and some of you might say "pop."
outros, dizem "papagaio".
"nextersol" or "solorrow."
ou "sol-amahã".
a few years of working on these missions,
alguns anos nessas missões,
on the rovers, we say "tosol."
em sondas, dizemos "hoje-sol".
landed missions that don't rove around,
de pouso, sem as sondas ao redor,
you worked on from your Martian accent.
você trabalhou pelo seu sotaque marciano.
and you're detecting a theme here, right?
e vocês estão percebendo um tema aqui?
could confuse us.
pode nos confundir.
you've come to work
trabalhar agora mesmo
from the windows
seria confuso também.
this image of the control room
about a week before landing,
por volta de uma semana antes do pouso,
until we went off Mars time.
do horário marciano.
for the house, for at home.
and my husband is like,
três vezes e meu marido diz assim:
and dark curtains and shades
e cortinas escuras,
this darkened environment, but so was he.
escuro, mas ele também estava.
emails from him when he was at work.
dele quando ele estava no trabalho:
Você está acordada?
so he needs a Mars watch.
de um relógio marciano.
so there's an app for that.
já deve haver um aplicativo para isso.
we can also use our phones.
podemos usar nossos telefones.
was just across the board;
who were working on the rovers
um dos nossos diretores do voo,
one of our flight directors,
with his family at 1:00 in the morning.
com sua família à 1 da manhã.
to school until September,
às aulas até setembro,
with him for one month.
com ele por um mês.
mais tarde todos os dias.
and had these great adventures,
e passaram por grandes aventuras,
in the middle of the night
that we all discovered
à qualquer lugar em Los Angeles
when there's no traffic.
and bother our families,
incomodar nossas família,
going locally to eat something,
ao invés de ir comer algo por perto,
all-night deli in Long Beach,
aberta 24 horas em Long Beach.
it was like the 60s, no traffic.
sem trânsito.
and the restaurant owners would go,
at 3:00 in the morning?"
às 3 da manhã?"
that there were these packs of Martians,
bandos de marcianos,
in the middle of the night --
de Los Angeles no meio da noite,
start calling ourselves Martians.
would refer to ourselves as Martians,
chamavam-se de marcianos,
a time-zone every day,
de fuso todos os dias,
isolados dos outros.
from everyone else.
no nosso próprio mundo.
"I survived Mars time. Sol 0-90."
up on the screen.
is because we work on Mars time
porque trabalhamos no horário marciano
with the rover on Mars,
com a sonda em Marte,
for more than three to four months.
por mais de três ou quatro meses.
time, which is what we're working now.
adaptado, que é o que estamos agora.
your bodies, it's hard on your families.
e para nossas famílias.
do sono nos estudando
who actually were studying us
tentar estender seu dia.
to try to extend their day.
experimentos de carência de sono.
sleep deprivation experiments on.
and I fell asleep in each one.
e adormecia em todos.
this eventually becomes hard on your body.
demais para nossos corpos,
with the other members on the team,
que uniu os membros da equipe,
steps out into the solar system.
no sistema solar.
on more than one planet.
em mais de um planeta.
to become multi-planetary.
para nos tornarmos multiplanetários.
a Star Wars movie,
from the Dagobah system to Tatooine,
do sistema de Dagobah para Tatooine,
people spread out so far.
estarem espalhadas tão longe.
de distância entre elas,
of the distances between them,
separate from each other
separadas umas das outras,
to Mars yet, but we hope to.
para Marte, mas esperamos mandar.
space agencies of the world,
internacionais do mundo,
in the next few decades.
and we truly will be multi-planetary.
e seremos realmente multiplanetários.
in this audience or listening today.
podem estar nesta plateia
on these missions since I was 14 years old
desde que tinha 14 anos,
in the space program,
para o programa espacial,
you don't have enough time in your day,
que não há tempo suficiente num dia,
of your Earthly perspective.
do seu ponto de vista terráqueo.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nagin Cox - Spacecraft operations engineerNagin Cox explores Mars as part of the team that operates NASA's rovers.
Why you should listen
Nagin Cox has been exploring since she decided as a teenager that she wanted to work at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. She was born in Bangalore, India, and grew up in Kansas City, Kansas, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Her experiences as a child in a Muslim household showed her how easily we separate ourselves based on gender, race or nationality, and it inspired her to do something that brings people together instead of dividing them. The Space Program helps the world "look up" and remember that we are one world. Thus, she has known from the time she was 14 years old that she wanted to work on missions of robotic space exploration.
Cox realized her childhood dream and has been a spacecraft operations engineer at NASA/JPL for over 20 years. She has held leadership and system engineering positions on interplanetary robotic missions including the Galileo mission to Jupiter, the Mars Exploration Rovers, the Kepler exoplanet hunter, InSight and the Mars Curiosity Rover.
In 2015, Cox was honored as the namesake for Asteroid 14061 by its discovers. She has also received the NASA Exceptional Service Medal and two NASA Exceptional Achievement Medals. She is a U.S. Department of State STEM Speaker and has spoken to audiences around the world on the stories of the people behind the missions. She has also served on Cornell University’s President's Council for Cornell Women.
Before her time at JPL, Cox served for 6 years in the US Air Force including duty as a Space Operations Officer at NORAD/US Space Command. She holds engineering degrees from Cornell University and the Air Force Institute of Technology as well as a psychology degree from Cornell. (Sometimes she is not sure which one she uses more: the engineering degree or the psychology degree.)
Cox is currently a Tactical Mission Lead on the Curiosity Rover, and every day at NASA/JPL exploring space is as rewarding as the first. You can contact her at nagincox(at)outlook.com.
Nagin Cox | Speaker | TED.com