TEDGlobal 2011
Markus Fischer: A robot that flies like a bird
चराजस्तै उड्ने रोबोट
Filmed:
Readability: 3.7
8,646,669 views
धेरै रोबोटहरु छन् जो उड्न सक्छन् -- तर साच्चैको चराजस्तो उड्न सक्ने छैनन् । तर त्यो सम्भव त्यतिबेला भयो जब मार्कस फिसर र उनको फेस्टो स्थित सहयोगीहरुले स्मार्टबर्ड बनाए। सिगल नामक चरामा आधारित एउटा अत्यधिक हलुका रोबोट बन्यो, जुन सिर्फ पँखेटा फड्फडाएर उड्छ। टेड ग्लोबल २०११को एउटा ताजा प्रस्तुति ।
Markus Fischer - Designer
Markus Fischer led the team at Festo that developed the first ultralight artificial bird capable of flying like a real bird. Full bio
Markus Fischer led the team at Festo that developed the first ultralight artificial bird capable of flying like a real bird. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
It is a dream of mankind
0
0
3000
चराजस्तै उड्नसक्नु
00:18
to fly like a bird.
1
3000
2000
मानवजातिको सपना हो /
00:20
Birds are very agile.
2
5000
2000
चराहरू एकदम फुर्तिला हुन्छन्।
00:22
They fly, not with rotating components,
3
7000
3000
उनीहरू उड्छन्, तर कुनै घुम्ने उपकरणले होइन,
00:25
so they fly only by flapping their wings.
4
10000
3000
केवल पँखेटा फड्फडाएर।
00:28
So we looked at the birds,
5
13000
3000
त्यसकारण हामीले चरालाई हेर्यौँ ,
00:31
and we tried to make a model
6
16000
3000
र त्यस्तो नमुना बनाउन खोज्यौँ
00:34
that is powerful, ultralight,
7
19000
3000
जुन बलियो र अत्यधिक हलुका होस्
00:37
and it must have excellent aerodynamic qualities
8
22000
4000
अनि उत्कृष्ट वायुगतिय गुणहरू होस्
00:41
that would fly by its own
9
26000
2000
र त्यो आफैँ उडोस्,
00:43
and only by flapping its wings.
10
28000
3000
केवल पँखेटा फड्फडाएर ।
00:46
So what would be better [than] to use
11
31000
3000
त्यसकारण हेरिङ् गल नामक चरा,
00:49
the Herring Gull, in its freedom,
12
34000
2000
जुन स्वतन्त्र भएर,
00:51
circling and swooping over the sea,
13
36000
2000
समुन्द्रको चक्कर लगाउँछ र शिकार गर्दा हल्का डुबुल्कि मारेर निस्कन्छ ।
00:53
and [to] use this as a role model?
14
38000
3000
यसलाई नमुनाको रुपमा प्रयोग गर्नुभन्दा अरु के उपयुक्त होला र?
00:56
So we bring a team together.
15
41000
2000
त्यसैले हामीले एउटा समुह तयार गर्यौँ
00:58
There are generalists and also specialists
16
43000
3000
जसमा वायुगतिय क्षेत्रका
01:01
in the field of aerodynamics
17
46000
3000
सामान्य अनि विशेषज्ञ दुबै छन्,
01:04
in the field of building gliders.
18
49000
2000
जो ग्लाइडरहरू बनाउने क्षेत्रमा काम गर्छन्।
01:06
And the task was to build
19
51000
2000
अनि उद्देश्य थियो एउटा अत्यधिक हलुका,
01:08
an ultralight indoor-flying model
20
53000
3000
उड्ने खालको नमुना तयार पार्नु
01:11
that is able to fly over your heads.
21
56000
3000
जुन तपाईँहरूको टाउकोमाथिबाट उड्न सकोस्
01:14
So be careful later on.
22
59000
3000
त्यसैले केहि समय पछि सतर्क रहनुहोला।
01:19
And this was one issue:
23
64000
2000
यहाँ एक बिशेष मुद्धा के थियो भने
01:21
to build it that lightweight
24
66000
2000
त्यसलाई एकदम हलुका बनाउनु थियो ।
01:23
that no one would be hurt
25
68000
2000
ताकि यदि यो खस्यो भने
01:25
if it fell down.
26
70000
3000
यसले कसैलाई चोट नपुगाओस् ।
01:28
So why do we do all this?
27
73000
2000
हामी यो सब किन गरिरहेका छौं त ?
01:30
We are a company in the field of automation,
28
75000
3000
हामी स्वचालनको क्षेत्रमा काम गर्ने एउटा कम्पनी हौँ,
01:33
and we'd like to do very lightweight structures
29
78000
3000
र हामी अत्यधिक हलुका संरचना बनाउन चाहन्छौँ
01:36
because that's energy efficient,
30
81000
2000
किनकि त्यो ऊर्जाकुशल (ईनर्जि एफिसिएन्ट) हुन्छ
01:38
and we'd like to learn more about
31
83000
3000
साथमा हामी वायुशास्त्र र वायुगतिय
01:41
pneumatics and air flow phenomena.
32
86000
3000
प्रकियाको बारेमा अझ बढी जान्न चाहन्छौँ।
01:44
So I now would like you
33
89000
3000
त्यसैले अब म चाहन्छु
01:47
to [put] your seat belts on
34
92000
2000
तपाईँहरू आफ्नो कुर्सिको पेटी बाध्नुहोस्
01:49
and put your hats [on].
35
94000
2000
अनि शिर जोगाउनुहोस्।
01:51
So maybe we'll try it once --
36
96000
3000
ता कि हामी एकपटक प्रयास गरौं,
01:54
to fly a SmartBird.
37
99000
2000
यो स्मार्ट बर्ड उडाउने।
01:56
Thank you.
38
101000
2000
धन्यवाद।
01:58
(Applause)
39
103000
6000
(तालि)
02:14
(Applause)
40
119000
17000
(तालि)
02:52
(Applause)
41
157000
15000
(तालि)
03:07
So we can now
42
172000
2000
अहिले हामी,
03:09
look at the SmartBird.
43
174000
3000
स्मार्ट बर्डलाई देखिरहेका छौँ।
03:12
So here is one without a skin.
44
177000
3000
यो छाला (खोल) बिना छ।
03:15
We have a wingspan of about two meters.
45
180000
3000
यसको पँखेटा लगभग दुई मिटर जति छ।
03:18
The length is one meter and six,
46
183000
3000
लम्बाइ एक मिटर र ६ इन्च छ ,
03:21
and the weight,
47
186000
2000
अनि तौल,
03:23
it is only 450 grams.
48
188000
3000
केवल ४५० ग्राम छ।
03:26
And it is all out of carbon fiber.
49
191000
3000
र यो सबै कार्वन फाइवरले बनेको छ।
03:29
In the middle we have a motor,
50
194000
2000
बिचमा एउटा मोटर छ,
03:31
and we also have a gear in it,
51
196000
4000
अनि त्यहाँ एउटा दाँति (गियर) पनि छ,
03:35
and we use the gear
52
200000
2000
र हामी त्यो दाँति,
03:37
to transfer the circulation of the motor.
53
202000
3000
मोटरको घुमाइ परिवर्तन गर्न प्रयोग गर्दर्छौँ।
03:40
So within the motor, we have three Hall sensors,
54
205000
3000
मोटरभित्र तीनवटा हल सेन्सर छन्,
03:43
so we know exactly where
55
208000
3000
जसले गर्दा हामी
03:46
the wing is.
56
211000
3000
पँखेटा कहाँ छ ठ्याक्कै थाहा पाउछौँ।
03:49
And if we now beat up and down ...
57
214000
3000
अब हामीले तल-माथि चलायौँ भने...
03:56
we have the possibility
58
221000
2000
यसमा चराजस्तै उड्नसक्ने
03:58
to fly like a bird.
59
223000
2000
सम्भावना रहन्छ ।
04:00
So if you go down, you have the large area of propulsion,
60
225000
3000
यदि तल हेर्नुभयो भने, सन्चालक शक्तिको ठुलो क्षेत्र छ,
04:03
and if you go up,
61
228000
3000
अनि यदि माथि हेर्नुभयो भने,
04:06
the wings are not that large,
62
231000
4000
पँखेटाहरू त्यति ठुला छैनन्,
04:10
and it is easier to get up.
63
235000
3000
र माथि उठ्न सजिलो हुन्छ।
04:14
So, the next thing we did,
64
239000
3000
तसर्थ, हामीले अर्को काम गर्यौँ
04:17
or the challenges we did,
65
242000
2000
या भनौँ चुनौति स्विकार गर्यौं ,
04:19
was to coordinate this movement.
66
244000
3000
यो चालको संयोजन गर्ने।
04:22
We have to turn it, go up and go down.
67
247000
3000
हामीले यसलाई मोड्नु छ, माथि लानु छ अनि तल ल्याउनु छ।
04:25
We have a split wing.
68
250000
2000
हामीसँग विभाजित पँखेटा छ।
04:27
With a split wing
69
252000
2000
विभाजित पँखेटाले गर्दा
04:29
we get the lift at the upper wing,
70
254000
3000
माथिल्लो पँखेटा उठाउन सकिन्छ,
04:32
and we get the propulsion at the lower wing.
71
257000
3000
अनि तलको पँखेटामा घचेट्ने शक्ति दिन्छ ।
04:35
Also, we see
72
260000
2000
साथै, हामिले बिचार गर्यौं,
04:37
how we measure the aerodynamic efficiency.
73
262000
3000
हामी कसरी वायुगतिय दक्षता मापन गर्न सक्छौं भनेर ।
04:40
We had knowledge about
74
265000
2000
हामीसँग वैद्युत-यान्त्रिक दक्षताको (ईलेक्ट्रोमेकानिकल)
04:42
the electromechanical efficiency
75
267000
2000
ज्ञान थियो
04:44
and then we can calculate
76
269000
2000
जसबाट हामी वायुगतिय दक्षताको
04:46
the aerodynamic efficiency.
77
271000
2000
मापन गर्न सक्छौँ।
04:48
So therefore,
78
273000
2000
त्यसैकारणले
04:50
it rises up from passive torsion to active torsion,
79
275000
3000
यो निष्क्रिय मडारबाट सक्रिय मडार मा,
04:53
from 30 percent
80
278000
2000
३० प्रतिशतबाट
04:55
up to 80 percent.
81
280000
2000
८० प्रतिशतसम्म उठ्छ्।
04:57
Next thing we have to do,
82
282000
2000
हामीले गर्नुपर्ने अर्को कुरा,
04:59
we have to control and regulate
83
284000
2000
हामीले सम्पूर्ण संरचनालाई नियन्त्रित र
05:01
the whole structure.
84
286000
2000
संचालित राख्नुपर्दछ।
05:03
Only if you control and regulate it,
85
288000
3000
यदि हामीले यसलाई नियन्त्रित र चलायमान राख्यौँ भने मात्र
05:06
you will get that aerodynamic efficiency.
86
291000
3000
तपाईँले त्यो वायुगतिय दक्षता पाउनु हुन्छ ।
05:09
So the overall consumption of energy
87
294000
3000
यसमा सम्पूर्ण ऊर्जा खपत
05:12
is about 25 watts at takeoff
88
297000
3000
उडान प्रक्षेपणको समय लगभग २५ वाट हुन्छ
05:15
and 16 to 18 watts in flight.
89
300000
3000
र उडानको बेलामा १६ देखि १८ वाट हुन्छ।
05:18
Thank you.
90
303000
2000
धन्यवाद।
05:20
(Applause)
91
305000
6000
(तालि)
05:26
Bruno Giussani: Markus, I think that we should fly it once more.
92
311000
3000
ब्रुनो गिसानी : मार्कस, मलाई लाग्छ हामीले यसलाई एकपटक फेरि उडाउनु पर्छ।
05:29
Markus Fischer: Yeah, sure.
93
314000
2000
मार्कस फिसर : भैहाल्छनि
05:31
(Laughter)
94
316000
2000
(हासोँ)
05:53
(Gasps)
95
338000
3000
(स्वाँ स्वाँ आवाज )
06:02
(Cheers)
96
347000
2000
(चियर्स )
06:04
(Applause)
97
349000
9000
(तालि)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Markus Fischer - DesignerMarkus Fischer led the team at Festo that developed the first ultralight artificial bird capable of flying like a real bird.
Why you should listen
One of the oldest dreams of mankind is to fly like a bird. Many, from Leonardo da Vinci to contemporary research teams, tried to crack the "code" for the flight of birds, unsuccessfully. Until in 2011 the engineers of the Bionic Learning Network established by Festo, a German technology company, developed a flight model of an artificial bird that's capable of taking off and rising in the air by means of its flapping wings alone. It's called SmartBird. Markus Fischer is Festo's head of corporate design, where he's responsible for a wide array of initiatives. He established the Bionic Learning Network in 2006.
SmartBird is inspired by the herring gull. The wings not only beat up and down but twist like those of a real bird -- and seeing it fly leaves no doubt: it's a perfect technical imitation of the natural model, just bigger. (Even birds think so.) Its wingspan is almost two meters, while its carbon-fiber structure weighs only 450 grams.
Fischer says: "We learned from the birds how to move the wings, but also the need to be very energy efficient."
Markus Fischer | Speaker | TED.com