Fredy Peccerelli: A forensic anthropologist who brings closure for the "disappeared"
Fredy Peccerelli: Een forensisch antropoloog die voor afsluiting zorgt bij de "vermisten"
Fredy Peccerelli works with families whose loved ones “disappeared” in the 36-year armed conflict in Guatemala. The executive director of the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, he helps locate bodies and give back identities to those buried in mass graves. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
a 36-year armed conflict.
36-jarig gewapend conflict.
during the Cold War.
Koude Oorlog plaatsvond.
a small leftist insurgency
kleinschalige linkse opstand
reactie van de overheid.
is 200,000 civilian victims,
burgerslachtoffers gevallen,
killed in the communities:
vermoord in de gemeenschap:
the elderly even.
vrouwen en zelfs ouderen.
about 40,000 others, the missing,
anderen: de vermisten,
are Mayan victims,
bewoners van Centraal-Amerika
Central America.
European descent.
van Europese afkomst.
defend us, the police, the military,
verdedigen, de politie, het leger,
most of the crimes.
van de misdaden plegen.
they want information.
what they want is they want you,
that their loved ones did nothing wrong.
niets verkeerds gedaan hebben.
received death threats in 1980.
doodsbedreigingen in 1980.
and I went to New Utrecht High School
de middelbare school in New Utrecht
was happening in Guatemala.
Guatemala aan de hand was.
het was te pijnlijk.
to do something about it.
er wat aan te gaan doen.
to look for the bodies,
zoek te gaan naar de lichamen,
and to look for part of myself as well.
een gedeelte van mezelf terug te vinden.
we give people information.
de mensen informatie te geven.
and we let them choose.
en laten hen beslissen.
us the stories,
de verhalen willen vertellen,
give us a piece of themselves.
iets van zichzelf met ons te delen.
kerndeel van wie ze zijn.
going to compare
gebruiken om te vergelijken
from the skeletons.
we're looking for the bodies.
we ook nog naar lichamen.
happened 32 years ago.
32 geleden gepleegd.
the body, document it, and exhume it.
schoon, documenteren het en graven het op.
skeleton out of the ground.
letterlijk uit de grond.
we take them back to the city, to our lab,
terug naar ons laboratorium in de stad
to understand mainly two things:
twee dingen te kunnen begrijpen.
wound to the back of the head
de achterkant van het hoofd
is who they are.
willen weten wie ze zijn.
with that analysis
fragment of the bone
DNA of the families, of course.
is by showing you two cases.
is aan de hand van 2 voorbeelden.
of the military diary.
het militaire dagboek.
out of somewhere in 1999.
ergens vandaan gesmokkeld.
is the state following individuals,
de staat individuen volgt,
wanted to change their country,
hun land wilden veranderen
down is when they executed them.
was wanneer ze vermoord werden.
you see a code,
means when they were executed.
datum laat zien wanneer dat gebeurde.
into play in a second.
an exhumation in 2003,
from 53 graves in a military base.
uit 53 graven hebben gehaald.
of Sergio Saul Linares.
de familie van Sergio Saul Linares.
at the university.
Iowa State University
to change his country.
om verandering te brengen.
February 23, 1984.
executed on March 29, 1984,
op 29 maart 1984,
information and their DNA,
de famIlie-informatie en hun DNA
that told us exactly what happened.
precies te weten wat er gebeurd was.
two weeks later,
dat we twee weken later
met Amancio Villatoro.
also matched the DNA of that family.
ook overeen met die familie.
that he was also in the diary.
hij ook in het dagboek stond.
also executed on March 29, 1984.
dat hij op dezelfde datum vermoord was.
how many bodies were in the grave?
Hoeveel lichamen lagen er in het graf?
were executed on March 29, 1984?
Moises and Zoilo.
Hugo, Moises en Zoilo.
all captured at different locations
maar gevangen genomen op andere locaties
was the DNA of those four families
was DNA van die vier families.
and we found them.
and gave them back to the families.
en brachten ze terug bij hun families.
waarover ik wil vertellen,
called CREOMPAZ.
but the acronym really means
maar het acroniem staat werkelijk voor
for Peacekeeping Operations.
voor Vredeshandhavende Operaties.
trains peacekeepers from other countries,
vredeshandhavers uit andere landen,
de Verenigde Naties
like Haiti and the Congo.
en Congo toegaan.
within this military base,
dat er zich binnen deze legerbasis
and about two hours after we went in,
een huiszoekingsbevel en twee uur later
a total of 533 bodies.
met een totaal aan 533 lichamen.
on top of bodies.
lichamen getraind worden.
hands tied behind their backs,
de meeste, handen achter hun rug gebonden,
who were being executed.
toen ze geëxecuteerd werden.
op zoek naar zijn.
was a grave full of women and children,
vol lag met vrouwen en kinderen,
a case like this?
that happened on May 14, 1982,
14 mei 1982 had plaatsgevonden,
de mannen vermoordde
in helicopters to an unknown location.
geheime locatie bracht met een helikopter.
clothing from the region
overeen met kleding uit de regio
were taken from.
kinderen vandaan gehaald zijn.
and guess what?
onderzoek gedaan. Raad eens?
and Manuel Chen.
en Manuel Chen.
and now we could prove it.
en dat konden we nu bewijzen.
proves that this happened
aan te tonen dat dit gebeurd is
were taken to this base.
zijn naar deze legerbasis.
clothes, and she left him with a neighbor.
te wassen en liet hem achter bij de buren.
a helicopter and never seen again
om nooit meer gezien worden
with anthropology, with genetics,
antropologie en erfelijkheidsleer,
giving a voice to the voiceless.
die niet kunnen praten.
evidence for trials,
bewijs voor rechtszaken,
last year in Guatemala
jaar in Guatemala plaatsvond,
of genocide and sentenced to 80 years.
bevonden en 80 jaar gevangenisstraf kreeg.
that this is happening everywhere --
vertellen dat dit overal gebeurt --
right in front of us today --
any more missing.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Fredy Peccerelli - Forensic anthropologistFredy Peccerelli works with families whose loved ones “disappeared” in the 36-year armed conflict in Guatemala. The executive director of the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, he helps locate bodies and give back identities to those buried in mass graves.
Why you should listen
In Guatemala’s brutal civil war, 200,000 civilians were killed — and more than 40,000 of them were never found. They are referred to as the “disappeared,” and since the end of the conflict, their bodies have been found in unmarked mass graves with very little information to identify them.
Fredy Peccerelli has a personal connection to this tragic story. He was born in Guatemala, but when his father received threats from a death squad, his family left for the United States. It was 1980 and Peccerelli was 9. He quickly adapted to life in Brooklyn, New York. But in 1994, while a college student, he heard a presentation on the emerging field of forensic anthropology. The speakers talked about exhuming bodies from mass graves in Guatemala, and Peccerelli was fascinated. He wanted to help.
Peccerelli founded the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, which meets with the families of the “disappeared,” listens to their stories and takes DNA samples to match to exhumed bodies. In this way, they are able to piece together narratives of what happened — in order to give families closure and to provide evidence for the trials of those involved in the deaths.
Pecerrelli has been profiled on PBS, in The New York Times and more. He recently launched the “No More Missing” campaign to raise money for an interactive website to tell the stories of the Guatemalan "disappeared" on the global stage. He wants people across the world to see the connection between what happened Guatemala and what is happening today in countries like Mexico.
Fredy Peccerelli | Speaker | TED.com