Fredy Peccerelli: A forensic anthropologist who brings closure for the "disappeared"
Фреди Пеццерелли: Судебный антрополог, помогающий закрыть дела «исчезнувших»
Fredy Peccerelli works with families whose loved ones “disappeared” in the 36-year armed conflict in Guatemala. The executive director of the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, he helps locate bodies and give back identities to those buried in mass graves. Full bio
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a 36-year armed conflict.
после 36 лет вооружённого конфликта,
during the Cold War.
a small leftist insurgency
разрушительный ответ государства.
is 200,000 civilian victims,
200 000 гражданских лиц.
killed in the communities:
в местных сообществах:
the elderly even.
женщины и даже пожилые.
about 40,000 others, the missing,
are Mayan victims,
индейцы майя.
Central America.
European descent.
defend us, the police, the military,
нас защищать, — полиция, военные —
most of the crimes.
большую часть преступлений.
they want information.
what they want is they want you,
that their loved ones did nothing wrong.
не сделали ничего плохого.
received death threats in 1980.
отцу угрожали расправой в 1980 году.
and I went to New Utrecht High School
ходил в школу New Utrecht High School
was happening in Guatemala.
было то, что происходило в Гватемале.
это было слишком болезненно.
to do something about it.
что-то с этим делать.
to look for the bodies,
чтобы искать тела,
and to look for part of myself as well.
а также чтобы найти часть себя.
we give people information.
and we let them choose.
и даём им право выбора.
us the stories,
рассказать ли нам свои истории,
give us a piece of themselves.
кто они на самом деле.
going to compare
from the skeletons.
we're looking for the bodies.
мы продолжаем поиск тел.
happened 32 years ago.
совершено 32 года назад.
the body, document it, and exhume it.
описываем его и эксгумируем.
skeleton out of the ground.
we take them back to the city, to our lab,
в город, в нашу лабораторию,
to understand mainly two things:
установить две вещи.
wound to the back of the head
is who they are.
понять, кто эти люди.
with that analysis
fragment of the bone
DNA of the families, of course.
is by showing you two cases.
я вам покажу два случая.
of the military diary.
out of somewhere in 1999.
откуда-то вывезли контрабандой в 1999-м.
is the state following individuals,
как государство следило за людьми,
wanted to change their country,
хотели изменить свою страну,
down is when they executed them.
когда их казнили.
you see a code,
means when they were executed.
а дата — это дата казни.
into play in a second.
an exhumation in 2003,
from 53 graves in a military base.
из 53 могил на военной базе.
of Sergio Saul Linares.
семье Серхио Саул Линарес.
at the university.
to change his country.
чтобы изменить свою страну.
February 23, 1984.
executed on March 29, 1984,
он был казнён 29 марта 1984 года,
information and their DNA,
информация о его семье и их ДНК.
that told us exactly what happened.
говорящие, что именно произошло.
two weeks later,
мы нашли Амансио Вийаторо.
also matched the DNA of that family.
that he was also in the diary.
что он тоже был в дневнике.
also executed on March 29, 1984.
что его тоже казнили 29 марта 1984 года.
how many bodies were in the grave?
сколько же тел было в этой могиле?
were executed on March 29, 1984?
сколько людей казнили 29 марта 1984 года?
Moises and Zoilo.
Хуан дэ Диос, Уго, Моисес и Сойло.
all captured at different locations
но поймали их в разных местах
was the DNA of those four families
это ДНК тех четырёх семей.
and we found them.
и мы их нашли.
and gave them back to the families.
и вернули их семьям.
о котором хотелось бы рассказать,
called CREOMPAZ.
называемой CREOMPAZ.
but the acronym really means
но аббревиатура значит
for Peacekeeping Operations.
Миротворческих Операций.
trains peacekeepers from other countries,
тренируют миротворцев из других стран,
like Haiti and the Congo.
как Гаити и Конго.
within this military base,
что в пределах этой военной базы
and about two hours after we went in,
и через два часа работы
a total of 533 bodies.
и в общей сложности 533 тела.
on top of bodies.
hands tied behind their backs,
руки связаны за спиной,
с ранами разных типов.
who were being executed.
которых казнили.
was a grave full of women and children,
была полна женщин и детей.
a case like this?
that happened on May 14, 1982,
которая произошла 14 мая 1982 года.
in helicopters to an unknown location.
и улетели в неизвестном направлении.
clothing from the region
совпадала с одеждой того региона,
were taken from.
and guess what?
and Manuel Chen.
and now we could prove it.
и сейчас мы можем доказать это.
proves that this happened
доказательства случившегося
were taken to this base.
clothes, and she left him with a neighbor.
оставив сына с соседом.
a helicopter and never seen again
и больше никто его не видел,
with anthropology, with genetics,
антропологией и с генетикой
giving a voice to the voiceless.
которые не могут говорить.
evidence for trials,
last year in Guatemala
проходившем год назад в Гватемале,
of genocide and sentenced to 80 years.
в геноциде и приговорён к 80 годам.
that this is happening everywhere --
что такое происходит повсюду.
right in front of us today --
на наших глазах,
собраться вместе и решить,
any more missing.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Fredy Peccerelli - Forensic anthropologistFredy Peccerelli works with families whose loved ones “disappeared” in the 36-year armed conflict in Guatemala. The executive director of the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, he helps locate bodies and give back identities to those buried in mass graves.
Why you should listen
In Guatemala’s brutal civil war, 200,000 civilians were killed — and more than 40,000 of them were never found. They are referred to as the “disappeared,” and since the end of the conflict, their bodies have been found in unmarked mass graves with very little information to identify them.
Fredy Peccerelli has a personal connection to this tragic story. He was born in Guatemala, but when his father received threats from a death squad, his family left for the United States. It was 1980 and Peccerelli was 9. He quickly adapted to life in Brooklyn, New York. But in 1994, while a college student, he heard a presentation on the emerging field of forensic anthropology. The speakers talked about exhuming bodies from mass graves in Guatemala, and Peccerelli was fascinated. He wanted to help.
Peccerelli founded the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, which meets with the families of the “disappeared,” listens to their stories and takes DNA samples to match to exhumed bodies. In this way, they are able to piece together narratives of what happened — in order to give families closure and to provide evidence for the trials of those involved in the deaths.
Pecerrelli has been profiled on PBS, in The New York Times and more. He recently launched the “No More Missing” campaign to raise money for an interactive website to tell the stories of the Guatemalan "disappeared" on the global stage. He wants people across the world to see the connection between what happened Guatemala and what is happening today in countries like Mexico.
Fredy Peccerelli | Speaker | TED.com