TED Residency
Jason Shen: Looking for a job? Highlight your ability, not your experience
杰森.沈: 想找工作？强调你的能力，而不是你的经验
Filmed:
Readability: 4.9
3,768,300 views
我们当中很少有人能够找到一份和自己过去的经历或是大学的专业直接挂钩的工作。就拿TED成员杰森.沈来说；他主修生物却成为了一名科技公司的产品经理。在这场讨论人类潜力的简短但深刻的演讲中，沈与我们分享如何让求职者在职场上变得引人注目的崭新见解 —— 以及为什么对雇主们而言，能力比证书更重要。
Jason Shen - Entrepreneur, talent expert
TED Resident Jason Shen uses data and technology to help leaders identify talent. Full bio
TED Resident Jason Shen uses data and technology to help leaders identify talent. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
You know who I'm envious of?
0
760
1520
你们知道我最嫉妒谁吗？
00:15
People who work in a job
that has to do with their college major.
that has to do with their college major.
1
3120
3336
那些能找到和大学专业对口工作的人。
00:18
(Laughter)
2
6480
1896
（笑声）
新闻专业的记者，
00:20
Journalists who studied journalism,
3
8400
2576
工程学专业的工程师。
00:23
engineers who studied engineering.
4
11000
1960
00:26
The truth is, these folks
are no longer the rule,
are no longer the rule,
5
14000
2335
事实上，这些人的存在
早已不再是正常情况了，
早已不再是正常情况了，
而成了例外。
00:28
but the exception.
6
16360
1256
2010年的一个调查显示
只有1/4的大学生，
只有1/4的大学生，
00:29
A 2010 study found that
only a quarter of college graduates
only a quarter of college graduates
7
17640
3176
在从事和他们大学专业相关的工作。
00:32
work in a field
that relates to their degree.
that relates to their degree.
8
20840
2240
00:36
I graduated with not one
but two degrees in biology.
but two degrees in biology.
9
24080
3840
我毕业时拿到了生物学的双学位。
00:40
To my parents' dismay,
I am neither a doctor nor a scientist.
I am neither a doctor nor a scientist.
10
28760
3776
但令我父母失望的是，我既不是一个医生，
也没有成为一个科学家。
也没有成为一个科学家。
00:44
(Laughter)
11
32560
2016
（笑声）
在DNA复制与光合作用上
数年的专心苦读，
数年的专心苦读，
00:46
Years of studying DNA replication
and photosynthesis
and photosynthesis
12
34600
3096
对我将来的科技生涯几乎没有帮助。
00:49
did little to prepare me
for a career in technology.
for a career in technology.
13
37720
2640
00:53
I had to teach myself everything
from sales, marketing, strategy,
from sales, marketing, strategy,
14
41120
4336
我必须从销售，市场营销，
策略开始自学一切本领，
策略开始自学一切本领，
甚至连简单的电脑编程，都必须自学。
00:57
even a little programming, on my own.
15
45480
2400
01:01
I had never held the title
of Product Manager
of Product Manager
16
49120
2416
在我送简历到
Etsy（电子商务网站）之前，
Etsy（电子商务网站）之前，
我从来没当过产品经理。
01:03
before I sent my resume in to Etsy.
17
51560
1920
01:06
I had already been turned down
by Google and several other firms
by Google and several other firms
18
54880
3096
我当时十分沮丧，
因为已经被谷歌以及
因为已经被谷歌以及
其他一些公司屡次拒绝。
01:10
and was getting frustrated.
19
58000
1400
01:11
The company had recently gone public,
20
59760
2296
Etsy最近正式上市了，
为了让简历增色，
01:14
so as part of my job application,
21
62080
1776
01:15
I read the IPO filings from cover to cover
22
63880
3576
我把首次公开募股的信息
一行行认真地读，
一行行认真地读，
01:19
and built a website from scratch
which included my analysis of the business
which included my analysis of the business
23
67480
3696
然后摸索着建立了一个网站，其中
包括一些我对这个公司的分析
包括一些我对这个公司的分析
01:23
and four ideas for new features.
24
71200
1920
以及四个关于产品特色的新点子。
01:26
It turned out the team was actively
working on two of those ideas
working on two of those ideas
25
74240
3536
结果发现这个公司的工作团队
积极地研究了其中两个，
积极地研究了其中两个，
并对第三个也进行了慎重考虑。
01:29
and had seriously considered a third.
26
77800
2040
01:33
I got the job.
27
81120
1240
于是我得到了这份工作。
01:36
We all know people who were ignored
or overlooked at first
or overlooked at first
28
84560
3336
我们都知道有些人
虽然一开始被忽略，
虽然一开始被忽略，
但最终用实力证明了他人的错误。
01:39
but went on to prove their critics wrong.
29
87920
2000
01:42
My favorite story?
30
90760
1240
我最爱的故事是什么呢？
01:45
Brian Acton, an engineering manager
31
93080
2896
Brian Acton, 一个工程经理，
在成立whatsApp (聊天软件)之前，
01:48
who was rejected
by both Twitter and Facebook
by both Twitter and Facebook
32
96000
2856
他同时被谷歌和推特拒绝过，
01:50
before cofounding WhatsApp,
33
98880
1616
01:52
the mobile messaging platform
that would sell for 19 billion dollars.
that would sell for 19 billion dollars.
34
100520
3640
而现在这个手机软件
平台价值190亿。
平台价值190亿。
01:57
The hiring systems we built
in the 20th century are failing us
in the 20th century are failing us
35
105800
2936
我们在20世纪建立的
招聘系统已经过时了，
招聘系统已经过时了，
这导致我们错失了很多
颇具潜力的人才。
颇具潜力的人才。
02:00
and causing us to miss out
on people with incredible potential.
on people with incredible potential.
36
108760
3280
02:05
The advances in robotics
and machine learning
and machine learning
37
113320
2136
机器人技术和机器学习的进步
正在转变我们工作的方式，
02:07
and transforming the way we work,
38
115480
1976
把许多行业的日常事务自动化，
02:09
automating routine tasks
in many occupations
in many occupations
39
117480
3016
从而将人类的劳力转向其他方面。
02:12
while augmenting and amplifying
human labor in others.
human labor in others.
40
120520
4080
02:17
At this rate, we should all be expecting
to do jobs we've never done before
to do jobs we've never done before
41
125440
4056
这样下去，我们在
接下来的职业生涯中都要做
接下来的职业生涯中都要做
02:21
for the rest of our careers.
42
129520
1519
从未做过的工作。
02:24
So what are the tools
and strategies we need
and strategies we need
43
132480
2376
那么我们需要什么样的
工具以及技巧来辨别那些能够
工具以及技巧来辨别那些能够
02:26
to identify tomorrow's high performers?
44
134880
1960
驰骋未来职场的人才呢？
02:29
In search for answers, I've consulted
with leaders across many sectors,
with leaders across many sectors,
45
137800
4096
为了寻得答案，我和
许多部门的领导进行了探讨，
许多部门的领导进行了探讨，
读了很多报告和研究资料，
02:33
read dozens of reports and research papers
46
141920
2616
并分析了我自己的天赋与经历。
02:36
and conducted some of my own
talent experiments.
talent experiments.
47
144560
2720
02:40
My quest is far from over,
48
148000
1896
我的寻找还远没有结束，
但有三个要点值得一提。
02:41
but here are three ideas to take forward.
49
149920
2640
02:45
One: expand your search.
50
153280
2560
第一：扩展你的搜索范围。
02:48
If we only look for talent
in the same places we always do --
in the same places we always do --
51
156278
2858
如果我们每次只去同样的地方
寻找自己的天赋——
寻找自己的天赋——
天才少年项目，常青藤名校，
02:51
gifted child programs, Ivy League schools,
52
159160
2256
那些盛名远扬的机构——
02:53
prestigious organizations --
53
161440
1896
那我们只能得到一样的结果。
02:55
we're going to get
the same results we always have.
the same results we always have.
54
163360
2616
奥克兰的运动员队，由于囊中羞涩，
02:58
Baseball was transformed
when the cash-strapped Oakland Athletics
when the cash-strapped Oakland Athletics
55
166000
3696
03:01
started recruiting players
who didn't score highly
who didn't score highly
56
169720
2376
只能聘用那些在传统标准，
如打点记录中，
如打点记录中，
03:04
on traditionally valued metrics,
like runs batted in,
like runs batted in,
57
172120
2576
虽然得分较低，
但却能够帮助队友得分，
但却能够帮助队友得分，
并最终赢得比赛的球员，
03:06
but who had the ability
to help the team score points
to help the team score points
58
174720
3056
而这最终导致了棒球的演变。
03:09
and win games.
59
177800
1200
03:11
This idea is taking hold
outside of sports.
outside of sports.
60
179520
2120
这道理在体育之外也同样适用。
03:14
The Head of Design
and Research at Pinterest
and Research at Pinterest
61
182480
2296
Pinterest研究与设计部门的
负责人和我说，
负责人和我说，
03:16
told me that they've built
one of the most diverse
one of the most diverse
62
184800
2376
他们在硅谷打造了一支，
03:19
and high-performing teams
in Silicon Valley
in Silicon Valley
63
187200
2096
全世界最高效，
同时最具分化特色的团队。
同时最具分化特色的团队。
03:21
because they believe
that no one type of person
that no one type of person
64
189320
2376
因为他们相信没有哪一类特定的人
03:23
holds a monopoly on talent.
65
191720
1840
具有垄断性的天赋才能。
03:26
They've worked hard
to look beyond major tech hubs
to look beyond major tech hubs
66
194440
2696
他们的眼光超越了核心科技，
并注重于设计者们的资历，
03:29
and focus on designers' portfolios,
67
197160
2256
而不是他们的血统。
03:31
not their pedigrees.
68
199440
1320
03:34
Two: hire for performance.
69
202120
2360
第二：为了效率而雇佣
03:37
Inspired by my own job experience,
70
205080
2256
受到我自己工作经历的启发，
03:39
I cofounded a hiring platform
called Headlight,
called Headlight,
71
207360
2696
我和别人合建了一个
招聘平台Headlight，
招聘平台Headlight，
03:42
which gives candidates
an opportunity to shine.
an opportunity to shine.
72
210080
2640
这个平台给了应聘者们
一个展示自我的机会。
一个展示自我的机会。
03:45
Just as teams have tryouts
and plays have auditions,
and plays have auditions,
73
213360
2856
就好似团队有路演， 乐队有试奏，
03:48
candidates should be asked
to demonstrate their skills
to demonstrate their skills
74
216240
2576
应聘者在被雇佣之前，
应该有展示自己技能的机会。
03:50
before they're hired.
75
218840
1416
从85年的职场雇佣研究资料里，
我们的客户可以看到
我们的客户可以看到
03:52
Our clients are benefiting
from 85 years of employment research,
from 85 years of employment research,
76
220280
3376
03:55
which shows that work samples
77
223680
1576
预测职场成功与否的
03:57
are one of the best predictors
of success on the job.
of success on the job.
78
225280
2560
最好方式就是工作实例。
04:00
If you're hiring a data analyst,
79
228800
1576
如果你在招聘一个数据分析员，
04:02
give them a spreadsheet of historical data
and ask them for their key insights.
and ask them for their key insights.
80
230400
3736
就给他们一张填满历史数据的
表格并要求他们给出解析。
表格并要求他们给出解析。
如果你在招聘一个市场经理，
04:06
If you're hiring a marketing manager,
81
234160
1816
就让他们计划一场新产品的发布会。
04:08
have them plan a launch campaign
for a new product.
for a new product.
82
236000
2416
而如果你是一个应聘者，
别等着老板询问你。
别等着老板询问你。
04:10
And if you're a candidate,
don't wait for an employer to ask.
don't wait for an employer to ask.
83
238440
3176
04:13
Seek out ways to showcase
your unique skills and abilities
your unique skills and abilities
84
241640
4256
寻找能够展现你的独特技巧
与能力的方式，
与能力的方式，
而不仅仅是依赖于简历以及推荐信。
04:17
outside of just the standard
resume and cover letter.
resume and cover letter.
85
245920
2480
04:21
Three: get the bigger picture.
86
249040
3040
第三：着眼全局
04:24
I've heard about recruiters who are quick
to label a candidate a job-hopper
to label a candidate a job-hopper
87
252640
3536
我见过招聘人员不假思索的给一个
应聘者贴上“跳槽者”的标签，
应聘者贴上“跳槽者”的标签，
仅仅是因为他的简历上
有一项短期的工作；
有一项短期的工作；
04:28
based on a single
short stint on their resume;
short stint on their resume;
88
256200
2696
04:30
read about professors who are more likely
to ignore identical messages from students
to ignore identical messages from students
89
258920
4240
我也听说不少教授会因为
学生的名字属于黑人或亚洲人，
学生的名字属于黑人或亚洲人，
就忽视他们发送的和
白人学生一模一样的消息。
白人学生一模一样的消息。
04:36
because their name
was black or Asian instead of white.
was black or Asian instead of white.
90
264320
3720
04:40
I was almost put on
a special needs track as a child.
a special needs track as a child.
91
268840
2480
我小时候几乎被当成有
“特殊需要”的孩子。
“特殊需要”的孩子。
04:44
A month into kindergarten,
92
272120
1616
进入幼儿园一个月后，
我的老师记录了一整页的笔记，
04:45
my teacher wrote a page-long memo
93
273760
1616
04:47
noting that I was impulsive,
94
275400
1896
上面写着我极易冲动，
04:49
had a short attention span,
95
277320
1736
注意力难以集中，
04:51
and despite my wonderful curiosity,
96
279080
2096
虽然拥有极大的好奇心，
04:53
I was exhausting to work with.
97
281200
2016
但却是一个使人筋疲力尽的孩子。
04:55
(Laughter)
98
283240
1600
（笑声）
04:58
The principal asked
my parents into a meeting,
my parents into a meeting,
99
286000
2856
校长叫我的家长们来开会，
05:00
asked my mother if there
had been complications at birth
had been complications at birth
100
288880
2856
问我妈生我的时候
有没有遇到什么困难，
有没有遇到什么困难，
05:03
and suggested I meet
with a school psychologist.
with a school psychologist.
101
291760
2976
还建议我去看学校的心理医生。
05:06
My father saw what was happening
102
294760
1576
我的父亲明白了是怎么一回事，
05:08
and quickly explained
our family situation.
our family situation.
103
296360
2080
并简短的解释了我们家的情况。
05:11
As recent immigrants,
we lived in the attic
we lived in the attic
104
299320
2456
作为刚刚移民的家庭，
05:13
of a home that cared for adults
with mental disabilities.
with mental disabilities.
105
301800
3000
我们住在一家老年
康复中心的阁楼里。
康复中心的阁楼里。
05:17
My parents worked nights
to make ends meet,
to make ends meet,
106
305320
2296
我的父母为了维持生计
整日整夜工作，
整日整夜工作，
05:19
and I had little opportunity
to spend time with kids my own age.
to spend time with kids my own age.
107
307640
3040
而我也几乎没有和
同龄孩子玩耍的机会。
同龄孩子玩耍的机会。
对于一个交际经验不足，又刚刚独处了
整整一个夏天的五岁小男孩来说，
整整一个夏天的五岁小男孩来说，
05:23
Is it really a surprise
that an understimulated five-year-old boy
that an understimulated five-year-old boy
108
311880
3656
05:27
might be a little excited
in a kindergarten classroom
in a kindergarten classroom
109
315560
2536
在幼儿园的教室里
显得有些过度兴奋，
显得有些过度兴奋，
也许不显得那么令人惊讶吧？
05:30
after an entire summer by himself?
110
318120
1760
05:33
Until we get a holistic view of someone,
111
321160
3256
在我们没有看到一个人
完整的一面的时候，
完整的一面的时候，
我们对他的评判总是有失偏颇的。
05:36
our judgment of them
will always be flawed.
will always be flawed.
112
324440
3280
05:40
Let's stop equating
experience with ability,
experience with ability,
113
328920
4136
让我们别再把经历和能力划等号，
也别把文凭和竞争力划等号。
05:45
credentials with competence.
114
333080
1800
05:47
Let's stop settling
for the safe, familiar choice
for the safe, familiar choice
115
335720
3376
让我们不要再一昧的做出
安全，熟悉的选择，
安全，熟悉的选择，
05:51
and leave the door open
for someone who could be amazing.
for someone who could be amazing.
116
339120
2960
而是把机会给予那些
能够让你眼前一亮的人。
能够让你眼前一亮的人。
05:55
We need employers to let go
of outdated hiring practices
of outdated hiring practices
117
343520
3256
我们需要让雇主们放弃
那些过时的雇佣政策，
那些过时的雇佣政策，
05:58
and embrace new ways
of identifying and cultivating talent,
of identifying and cultivating talent,
118
346800
3560
去拥抱那些定义和
培养天赋的新方法，
培养天赋的新方法，
06:03
and candidates can help
by learning to tell their story
by learning to tell their story
119
351080
3096
而求职者们也可以通过
用强势且引人注目的方式，
用强势且引人注目的方式，
06:06
in powerful and compelling ways.
120
354200
1560
来讲述自己的人生故事。
06:08
We could live in a world where people
are seen for what they're truly capable of
are seen for what they're truly capable of
121
356920
3800
我们会生活在全新的世界里，在那里
人们的潜力将有望被完全激发，
人们的潜力将有望被完全激发，
06:13
and have the opportunity
to realize their full potential.
to realize their full potential.
122
361640
3440
人人都能够做自己真正胜任的工作。
06:18
So let's go out and build it.
123
366320
1960
所以让我们一起携手建造这个世界吧。
06:21
Thank you.
124
369040
1416
谢谢。
（掌声）
06:22
(Applause)
125
370480
6760
Translated by Ethan Ouyang
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jason Shen - Entrepreneur, talent expertTED Resident Jason Shen uses data and technology to help leaders identify talent.
Why you should listen
Jason Shen is the co-founder and CEO of Headlight, a performance hiring platform, creator of The Talent Playbook, and has been featured in the New York Times, Fast Company, Quartz and The Atlantic.
He serves on the board of directors for the Presidential Innovation Fellows Foundation and runs The Asian American Man Study, an annual survey of American men of East, Southeast and Asian descent.
Prior to Headlight, Shen was a product manager at Etsy, a 2013 Presidential Innovation Fellow under President Obama, and the cofounder of a Y Combinator-backed startup called Ridejoy.
Shen holds a BS and MS in Biology from Stanford University, where he was captain of the 2009 NCAA championship-winning men’s gymnastics team. In 2014, he set the Guinness World Record for most number of Aztec push-ups completed in one minute.
Jason Shen | Speaker | TED.com