TEDxSydney
Barat Ali Batoor: My desperate journey with a human smuggler
巴拉特．阿里．巴圖爾: 我和蛇頭的搏命旅程
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攝影記者巴拉特．阿里．巴圖爾（Barat Ali Batoor）曾住在阿富汗，直到他從事的危險工作迫使他必須離開祖國。但是對巴圖爾來說，身為流離失所的哈茲拉族一員，搬家到巴基斯坦也一樣危險。尋找更加安全的住所不像買張機票一樣簡單。相反地，他被迫買通人蛇，搭上載滿尋求政治庇護者的船隻，在致命的狂風大浪中行駛。他用極具感染力的相片記錄這趟驚險的海洋之旅。
Barat Ali Batoor - Photojournalist
Barat Ali Batoor, an award-winning photojournalist, is a member of the Hazara people. He is based in Australia. Full bio
Barat Ali Batoor, an award-winning photojournalist, is a member of the Hazara people. He is based in Australia. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I am a Hazara,
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我是哈扎拉人，
00:14
and the homeland
of my people is Afghanistan.
of my people is Afghanistan.
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我們的家鄉是阿富汗。
00:19
Like hundreds of thousands
of other Hazara kids,
of other Hazara kids,
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就像上萬個哈扎拉孩子一樣，
00:22
I was born in exile.
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我在流亡時誕生。
00:25
The ongoing persecution
and operation against the Hazaras
and operation against the Hazaras
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針對哈扎拉人不斷的迫害和征戰，
00:29
forced my parents to leave Afghanistan.
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讓我的父母不得不離開阿富汗。
00:33
This persecution has had a long history
going back to the late 1800s,
going back to the late 1800s,
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這場迫害歷史悠久，溯及十九世紀末，
00:38
and the rule of King Abdur Rahman.
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阿布杜爾．拉赫曼汗國王的政權。
00:41
He killed 63 percent of
the Hazara population.
the Hazara population.
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他殺了 63% 的哈扎拉人，
00:46
He built minarets with their heads.
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用他們的頭顱建造宣禮塔。
00:49
Many Hazaras were sold into slavery,
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許多哈扎拉人被賣去當奴隸，
00:51
and many others fled the country
for neighboring Iran and Pakistan.
for neighboring Iran and Pakistan.
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有些人逃到鄰國伊朗或巴基斯坦。
我父母也逃到巴基斯坦，
00:58
My parents also fled to Pakistan,
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01:00
and settled in Quetta, where I was born.
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在奎塔安頓下來，我也在那出生。
01:03
After the September 11
attack on the Twin Towers,
attack on the Twin Towers,
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911 雙子星大樓攻擊事件之後，
01:06
I got a chance to go to Afghanistan
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我有機會前往阿富汗，
01:08
for the first time,
with foreign journalists.
with foreign journalists.
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那是我的第一次，和外籍記者同行。
01:11
I was only 18, and I got a job
working as an interpreter.
working as an interpreter.
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我才 18 歲就擔任口譯人員。
01:15
After four years,
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四年後，
01:17
I felt it was safe enough
to move to Afghanistan permanently,
to move to Afghanistan permanently,
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我覺得阿富汗已經夠安全
能夠搬回去定居了，
能夠搬回去定居了，
01:21
and I was working there
as a documentary photographer,
as a documentary photographer,
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我在那裡擔任紀實攝影師，
01:26
and I worked on many stories.
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拍攝很多故事。
01:30
One of the most important
stories that I did
stories that I did
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其中非常重要的一個故事
01:33
was the dancing boys of Afghanistan.
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就是阿富汗跳舞的男孩。
這個悲劇講述一項駭人的傳統。
01:38
It is a tragic story about
an appalling tradition.
an appalling tradition.
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01:42
It involves young kids
dancing for warlords
dancing for warlords
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故事包括了小男孩跳舞給軍閥
01:46
and powerful men in the society.
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和社會上有權勢的男性看。
01:48
These boys are often abducted
or bought from their poor parents,
or bought from their poor parents,
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這些男孩通常是被綁架，
或從窮困家長那買來的，
或從窮困家長那買來的，
01:51
and they are put to work as sex slaves.
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他們被迫做性奴隸。
01:54
This is Shukur.
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這是蘇卡爾，
01:57
He was kidnapped from Kabul by a warlord.
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他是軍閥從喀布爾綁來的。
02:01
He was taken to another province,
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他被帶到另一個省，
02:03
where he was forced to work as a sex slave
for the warlord and his friends.
for the warlord and his friends.
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被迫當軍閥本人和朋友的性奴隸。
02:08
When this story was published
in the Washington Post,
in the Washington Post,
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這則故事在華盛頓郵報上報導後，
02:11
I started receiving death threats,
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我開始收到死亡威脅，
02:13
and I was forced to leave Afghanistan,
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被迫離開阿富汗，
02:17
as my parents were.
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就像我父母過去那樣。
02:19
Along with my family,
I returned back to Quetta.
I returned back to Quetta.
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我和父母回到奎達。
02:23
The situation in Quetta had changed
dramatically since I left in 2005.
dramatically since I left in 2005.
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奎達的情況在我 2005 年離開後
已經大幅改變。
已經大幅改變。
02:27
Once a peaceful haven for the Hazaras,
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這裡曾是哈扎拉人的和平避風港，
02:30
it had now turned into the most
dangerous city in Pakistan.
dangerous city in Pakistan.
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現在卻變成巴基斯坦最危險的城市。
02:35
Hazaras are confined into two small areas,
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哈扎拉人被限制在兩個小區域裡，
02:39
and they are marginalized socially,
educationally, and financially.
educationally, and financially.
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他們在社會、教育上被排擠、懲罰。
02:44
This is Nadir.
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這是那迪爾，
02:45
I had known him since my childhood.
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我小時候就認識他了。
02:47
He was injured when his van
was ambushed by terrorists in Quetta.
was ambushed by terrorists in Quetta.
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他會受傷是因為
恐怖分子在奎達攻擊他的貨車，
恐怖分子在奎達攻擊他的貨車，
02:51
He later died of his injuries.
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不久後他就傷重不治。
02:55
Around 1,600 Hazara members
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大約有 1,600 名哈扎拉族人
02:59
had been killed in various attacks,
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在各種攻擊中喪命；
03:02
and around 3,000 of them were injured,
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約有 3,000 人受傷，
03:07
and many of them permanently disabled.
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其中很多人都因此終生殘廢。
03:10
The attacks on the Hazara community
would only get worse,
would only get worse,
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對哈扎拉族的攻擊只會越演越烈，
03:14
so it was not surprising
that many wanted to flee.
that many wanted to flee.
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因此很多人想流亡並不讓人意外。
03:16
After Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan,
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繼阿富汗、伊朗、巴基斯坦之後，
03:21
Australia is home to the fourth largest
population of Hazaras in the world.
population of Hazaras in the world.
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澳洲是世界上哈扎拉
人口第四多的家園。
人口第四多的家園。
03:28
When it came time to leave Pakistan,
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提到離開巴基斯坦，
03:31
Australia seemed the obvious choice.
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澳洲似乎是無庸置疑的選擇。
03:33
Financially, only one of us could leave,
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我們的經濟情況只容許一人離開，
03:35
and it was decided that I would go,
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最後決定讓我走，
03:36
in the hope that if I arrived
at my destination safely,
at my destination safely,
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希望我安全抵達目的地之後
03:40
I could work to get the rest
of my family to join me later.
of my family to join me later.
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能設法讓全家團圓。
03:45
We all knew about the risks,
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我們都知道風險，
03:46
and how terrifying the journey is,
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這趟路有多恐怖，
03:49
and I met many people
who lost loved ones at sea.
who lost loved ones at sea.
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我碰到很多人在海上失去摯愛。
03:54
It was a desperate decision to take,
to leave everything behind,
to leave everything behind,
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這是鋌而走險的選擇，
要放下一切離開，
要放下一切離開，
03:58
and no one makes this decision easily.
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沒人能輕鬆做這個決定。
04:01
If I had been able
to simply fly to Australia,
to simply fly to Australia,
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如果我只是買張機票飛到澳洲，
04:03
it would have taken me
less than 24 hours.
less than 24 hours.
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花的時間不用 24 小時。
04:06
But getting a visa was impossible.
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但是要拿到簽證根本是不可能的事。
04:10
My journey was much longer,
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我的路途更長、
04:12
much more complicated,
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更複雜，
04:14
and certainly more dangerous,
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而且無疑更危險，
04:17
traveling to Thailand by air,
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搭飛機到泰國、
04:20
and then by road and boat
to Malaysia and into Indonesia,
to Malaysia and into Indonesia,
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走陸路和搭船到馬來西亞和印尼，
04:25
paying people and smugglers all the way
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一路付錢給人和蛇頭，
04:27
and spending a lot of time hiding
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花很多時間躲藏，
04:30
and a lot of time in fear of being caught.
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還有很多時間害怕被抓到。
04:34
In Indonesia, I joined a group
of seven asylum seekers.
of seven asylum seekers.
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我在印尼加入七位尋求政治庇護者。
04:38
We all shared a bedroom
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我們共用一間房間，
04:41
in a town outside of Jakarta called Bogor.
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在雅加達外的小鎮，茂物。
04:45
After spending a week in Bogor,
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在茂物待了一個星期之後，
04:47
three of my roommates
left for the perilous journey,
left for the perilous journey,
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我的三位室友開始亡命之旅，
04:50
and we got the news two days later
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兩天後我們聽說
04:54
that a distressed boat sank
in the sea en route to Christmas Island.
in the sea en route to Christmas Island.
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一艘破船在去聖誕島的途中沉了。
04:59
We found out that our three roommates --
Nawroz, Jaffar and Shabbir --
Nawroz, Jaffar and Shabbir --
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我們發現自己的三位室友
──那若茲、賈法、沙畢──
──那若茲、賈法、沙畢──
05:03
were also among those.
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也身在其中。
05:05
Only Jaffar was rescued.
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只有賈法獲救。
05:07
Shabbir and Nawroz were never seen again.
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沙畢和那若茲就此失去蹤影。
05:11
It made me think,
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這讓我思考
05:12
am I doing the right thing?
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自己是在做對的事情嗎？
05:15
I concluded I really had
no other choice but to go on.
no other choice but to go on.
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我認定自己別無選擇，
只能繼續下去。
只能繼續下去。
05:19
A few weeks later, we got the call
from the people smuggler
from the people smuggler
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幾週後，我們接到蛇頭的電話，
05:23
to alert us that the boat is ready for us
to commence our sea journey.
to commence our sea journey.
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通知我們船已經備好，
可以展開海上旅途了。
可以展開海上旅途了。
05:28
Taken in the night towards the main vessel
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我們在夜裡被帶上運往大船的汽艇，
05:30
on a motorboat,
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05:32
we boarded an old fishing boat
that was already overloaded.
that was already overloaded.
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搭上老舊超載的漁船。
05:37
There were 93 of us,
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總共有 93 個人，
05:39
and we were all below deck.
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我們全都在甲板下。
05:41
No one was allowed up on the top.
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沒人可以待在甲板上。
05:43
We all paid 6,000 dollars each
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每個人都花了六千美元
05:47
for this part of the trip.
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走這段路。
05:49
The first night and day went smoothly,
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第一晚和白天風平浪靜，
05:51
but by the second night,
the weather turned.
the weather turned.
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但是第二晚天氣變了。
05:54
Waves tossed the boat around,
and the timbers groaned.
and the timbers groaned.
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浪把船打得翻來覆去，
木頭嘎嘎作響。
木頭嘎嘎作響。
大家在甲板下哭泣、祈禱、
思念摯愛的親友。
思念摯愛的親友。
05:59
People below deck were crying,
praying, recalling their loved ones.
praying, recalling their loved ones.
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06:03
They were screaming.
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他們尖叫。
06:05
It was a terrible moment.
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這一刻非常嚇人。
06:07
It was like a scene from doomsday,
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就像世界末日的場景，
06:11
or maybe like one of those scenes
from those Hollywood movies
from those Hollywood movies
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或是說就像好來塢電影上的情節，
06:16
that shows that everything
is breaking apart
is breaking apart
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裡面的東西全都破裂四散，
06:19
and the world is just ending.
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世界就此停止。
06:22
It was happening to us for real.
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這件事確實發生在我們身上，
06:24
We didn't have any hope.
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大家都已經絕望了。
06:29
Our boat was floating
like a matchbox on the water
like a matchbox on the water
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我們的船就像火柴盒一樣在水上漂，
06:32
without any control.
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失去控制。
06:34
The waves were much higher than our boat,
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波浪打得比船還高，
06:38
and the water poured in faster
than the motor pumps could take it out.
than the motor pumps could take it out.
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海水灌進來的速度快到
電動幫浦來不及抽水。
電動幫浦來不及抽水。
06:44
We all lost hope.
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我們失去希望，
06:47
We thought, this is the end.
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心想一切都要結束了。
我們直視著自己的死亡，
06:49
We were watching our deaths,
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我紀錄這一切。
06:51
and I was documenting it.
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06:54
The captain told us
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船長告訴大家，
06:56
that we are not going to make it,
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我們撐不下去，
06:58
we have to turn back the boat.
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必須折返了。
07:01
We went on the deck
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我們站上甲板，
07:03
and turned our torches on and off
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開關手電筒
07:06
to attract the attention
of any passing boat.
of any passing boat.
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吸引路過的般隻注意。
07:11
We kept trying to attract their attention
by waving our life jackets and whistling.
by waving our life jackets and whistling.
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我們為了吸引注意，
不斷揮動救生衣和吹哨子。
不斷揮動救生衣和吹哨子。
07:18
Eventually, we made it to a small island.
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最後我們終於在小島靠岸。
07:22
Our boat crashing onto the rocks,
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船撞上岩石，
07:25
I slipped into the water
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我滑進水裡，
07:27
and destroyed my camera,
whatever I had documented.
whatever I had documented.
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弄壞了相機，我所紀錄的一切。
07:31
But luckily, the memory card survived.
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幸運的是記憶卡倖存了。
07:36
It was a thick forest.
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那是一座茂密的森林，
07:39
We all split up into many groups
as we argued over what to do next.
as we argued over what to do next.
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我們幾組人意見分歧，
吵著接下來要怎麼做。
吵著接下來要怎麼做。
07:44
We were all scared and confused.
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大家都嚇壞了、不知所措。
07:47
Then, after spending
the night on the beach,
the night on the beach,
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在海灘上待了一晚之後，
07:50
we found a jetty and coconuts.
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我們發現防波堤和椰子，
07:53
We hailed a boat from a nearby resort,
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從附近的渡假村喚來一艘船，
07:56
and then were quickly handed over
to Indonesian water police.
to Indonesian water police.
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然後馬上被交到印尼水上警察手上。
08:00
At Serang Detention Center,
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我們在西冷拘留所的時候，
08:04
an immigration officer came
and furtively strip-searched us.
and furtively strip-searched us.
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一位移民署官員進來
對我們徹底搜身。
對我們徹底搜身。
08:09
He took our mobile, my $300 cash,
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他拿走我們的行動電話、
我的三百美元現金、我們的鞋子，
我的三百美元現金、我們的鞋子，
08:12
our shoes that we should not
be able to escape,
be able to escape,
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確保我們無法逃跑。
08:15
but we kept watching the guards,
checking their movements,
checking their movements,
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但是我們一直注意著警衛，
確認他們的一舉一動，
確認他們的一舉一動，
08:21
and around 4 a.m.
when they sat around a fire,
when they sat around a fire,
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清晨四點左右，他們圍坐在火堆旁，
08:25
we removed two glass layers
from an outside facing window
from an outside facing window
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我們從外面的防護窗上
移開雙層玻璃，
移開雙層玻璃，
08:29
and slipped through.
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然後偷跑出去。
08:30
We climbed a tree next to an outer wall
that was topped with the shards of glass.
that was topped with the shards of glass.
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我們爬上外牆旁的一棵樹上，
牆上都是碎玻璃。
牆上都是碎玻璃。
08:35
We put the pillow on that
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我們放上枕頭，
08:38
and wrapped our forearms with bedsheets
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用床單纏住前臂，
08:41
and climbed the wall,
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爬上牆，
08:43
and we ran away with bare feet.
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光著腳逃跑。
08:47
I was free,
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我自由了，
08:49
with an uncertain future,
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帶著不確定的未來，
08:51
no money.
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身無分文。
08:53
The only thing I had was the memory card
with the pictures and footage.
with the pictures and footage.
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我唯一有的就是記憶卡，
裡面存了照片和影片。
裡面存了照片和影片。
09:00
When my documentary was aired
on SBS Dateline,
on SBS Dateline,
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我的記錄影片在澳洲公共電視台
《國際換日線》節目播出後，
《國際換日線》節目播出後，
09:04
many of my friends came to know
about my situation,
about my situation,
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很多朋友知道我的情況
09:06
and they tried to help me.
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試圖要來幫我。
09:08
They did not allow me to take
any other boat to risk my life.
any other boat to risk my life.
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他們不准我再冒著
生命危險搭上任何船。
生命危險搭上任何船。
09:12
I also decided to stay in Indonesia
and process my case through UNHCR,
and process my case through UNHCR,
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我也決定留在印尼，
透過聯合國難民署處理，
透過聯合國難民署處理，
09:16
but I was really afraid
that I would end up in Indonesia
that I would end up in Indonesia
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但我真的很怕自己最後會在印尼
09:20
for many years doing nothing
and unable to work,
and unable to work,
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待很多年還一事無成，而且不能工作，
09:24
like every other asylum seeker.
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就像其他尋求政治庇護者一樣。
09:27
But it had happened to be
a little bit different with me.
a little bit different with me.
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但是我的遭遇卻不太一樣。
09:30
I was lucky.
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我當時很幸運。
09:35
My contacts worked to expedite
my case through UNHCR,
my case through UNHCR,
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我透過門路讓聯合國難民署
加速處理我的案件，
加速處理我的案件，
09:40
and I got resettled
in Australia in May 2013.
in Australia in May 2013.
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2013 年五月我被重新安置在澳洲。
09:45
Not every asylum seeker is lucky like me.
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不是每個尋求政治庇護者
都和我一樣幸運。
都和我一樣幸運。
09:49
It is really difficult to live a life
with an uncertain fate, in limbo.
with an uncertain fate, in limbo.
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命運懸在半空中的情況下
要過日子是非常困難的事。
要過日子是非常困難的事。
09:56
The issue of asylum seekers in Australia
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澳洲的尋求政治庇護者議題
10:00
has been so extremely politicized
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已經被過度政治化
10:03
that it has lost its human face.
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到失去人道的地步。
10:06
The asylum seekers have been demonized
and then presented to the people.
and then presented to the people.
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尋求政治庇護者被妖魔化後
才呈現在人民眼前。
才呈現在人民眼前。
10:12
I hope my story and the story
of other Hazaras
of other Hazaras
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我希望我的故事
和其他哈扎拉人的故事
和其他哈扎拉人的故事
10:16
could shed some light to show the people
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能夠點燃一盞明燈，讓世人看見
10:19
how these people are suffering
in their countries of origin,
in their countries of origin,
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這些人在原生國受苦的模樣、
10:24
and how they suffer,
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他們的經歷，
10:28
why they risk their lives to seek asylum.
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以及他們為什麼要
冒著生命危險尋求庇護。
冒著生命危險尋求庇護。
10:32
Thank you.
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謝謝。
10:34
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Barat Ali Batoor - PhotojournalistBarat Ali Batoor, an award-winning photojournalist, is a member of the Hazara people. He is based in Australia.
Why you should listen
Barat Ali Batoor is a member of the Hazara ethnic group, once from Afghanistan, then driven into Pakistan. He started work as a photographer in 2002, documenting his people's ancestral home of Afghanistan. His photos have appeared in the Washington Post, Newsweek, the Wall Street Journal, Stern and many other publications. He held his first solo exhibition in 2007, and has been exhibited around the world.
Watch a short conversation with Batoor in the TEDxSydney studio >>
Barat Ali Batoor | Speaker | TED.com