Lisa Feldman Barrett: You aren't at the mercy of your emotions -- your brain creates them
麗莎.費德曼.巴瑞特: 你並非受情緒所擺佈──是你的大腦創造了你的情緒
Lisa Feldman Barrett, PhD is a University Distinguished Professor of Psychology at Northeastern University, with positions in psychiatry and radiology at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
from where several bombs exploded
就是 2013 年波士頓馬拉松時,
Dzhokhar Tsarnaev of Chechnya,
車臣的佐哈爾札涅夫,
and sentenced to death.
and the death penalty,
on whether or not the defendant
there's no doubt about that.
這點無庸置疑。
to all the people who suffered.
and cannot detect remorse
are not what we think they are.
expressed and recognized.
也沒有被普遍認可。
the nature of emotion
has important consequences for all of us.
都有很重要的後果。
for the past 25 years,
我一直在研究情緒,
by measuring electrical signals
人類面孔的方式是測量電訊號,
to make facial expressions.
the human body in emotion.
人有情緒時的身體反應,
hundreds of physiology studies
brain imaging study on emotion
in the past 20 years.
are overwhelmingly consistent.
都有非常驚人的一致性。
like your emotions are hardwired
然後你就會有情緒,
is prewired with emotion circuits,
內建有情緒電路,
circuits, but you're not.
但實情並非如此。
have emotion circuits in our brain.
沒有任何人的腦中有情緒電路。
contains emotion circuits.
含有情緒電路。
because ...
constructs in the moment
are working together,
over those guesses
or, you know, kind of crazy,
或是有點瘋狂,
if I hadn't seen the evidence for myself,
如果沒親自看過證據,
that I wouldn't believe it either.
are not built into your brain at birth.
你出生時就內建在你的大腦中的。
is working like crazy.
trying to make meaning out of this
試著找出這張圖的意義,
other than black and white blobs.
through a lifetime of experience,
at the same time,
in my past experience?"
這最像什麼?」
in the blink of an eye.
to find a good match
想要找到符合的資訊,
called "experiential blindness,"
「經驗盲目」的狀態中,
of your blindness.
你們準備好被治癒了嗎?
Are you ready to be cured?
through your past experience,
在篩選你過去的經驗時,
from the photograph.
acquired moments ago
these blobs right now.
這些黑白斑的經驗感受。
the image of a snake
call "predictions."
所謂的「預測」。
the way your brain works.
你大腦運作的方式。
of every experience that you have.
都以預測為基礎。
of every action that you take.
都以預測為基礎。
to understand the words that I'm speaking
來了解我現在說的字句,
Lisa Feldman Barrett: Mouth. Exactly.
講者:嘴巴,完全正確。
of the world in a quick and efficient way.
來賦予這個世界意義。
對這個世界做出反應。
are deeply rooted in predictions.
也是深根在預測上的。
我們只是看著某人的臉孔,
we just look at someone's face,
that's there in their facial expressions
在他們面部表情中的情緒,
words on a page.
your brain is predicting.
你的大腦正在做預測。
based on similar situations
採用過去的經驗,
making meaning of blobs,
找出黑白斑的意義,
or the raise of an eyebrow.
who is a remorseless killer,
accepting defeat,
prescribes for someone
人們在佐哈爾札涅夫所處的情境中
to detect in other people
from what's inside your own head.
來自你自己的腦袋。
which shall remain nameless ...
to build emotion-detection systems,
想要建立情緒偵測系統,
asking the wrong question,
emotions in the face and the body,
面部和身體中的情緒,
have no intrinsic emotional meaning.
內在固有的情緒意義。
has to connect them to the context,
必須要把動作和情境連結,
that a smile might mean sadness
微笑意味的可能是悲傷,
the demise of your enemy.
要如何殺死你的敵人。
gone out on a limb,
a little further and tell you
your own emotion
making predictions, guesses,
會做出預測、猜測,
prewired to make some feelings,
就會製造某一些感覺,
from the physiology of your body.
生理狀況的簡單感受。
like calmness and agitation,
如冷靜、激動、
are not emotions.
every waking moment of your life.
它們都與你同在。
of what's going on inside your body,
簡單總結而已,
to know what to do next.
知道接下來要怎麼做。
give you that detail?
the sensations in your body
around you in the world
to walk into a bakery,
that you will encounter
chocolate chip cookies.
脆片餅干的美好香味。
chocolate cookies.
our stomachs to churn a little bit,
我們的胃稍微攪動,
have just come out of the oven,
have constructed hunger,
to munch down those cookies
津津有味地嚼那些餅干,
I'm totally serious.
我是非常認真的。
different meaning.
a churning stomach
while you're waiting for test results,
當你在等待檢查結果時,
same churning stomach,
同樣是攪動的胃,
to happen to you
of mythical emotion circuits
some ancient part of your brain.
just snap your fingers
that you would change your clothes,
that your brain uses to make emotion,
用來製造情緒的原料,
your emotional life.
how to predict differently tomorrow,
如何用不同的方式預測明天,
being the architect of your experience.
你自身經驗的建築師。
before a test, right?
在考試之前感到緊張,對吧?
crippling anxiety before a test.
是會影響到他們能力的強烈焦慮。
a hammering heartbeat,
to actually take the test.
but they actually might fail college.
還可能被退學。
is not necessarily anxiety.
is preparing to do battle
on a stage where you're being filmed.
同時還被拍攝。
that when students learn
of energized determination
to predict differently in the future
讓大腦用不同的方式去預測未來,
flying in formation.
to pass their courses,
on their future earning potential.
有很大的影響。
intelligence in action.
作用中的情緒智慧。
this emotional intelligence yourself
this experience. I know I have.
我知道我有──
into consciousness,
all the crap that you have to do at work
要處理的所有鳥事,
dig yourself out of ever,
晚餐要煮什麼?
are you going to make for dinner?
to find an explanation
that you experience as wretchedness,
「悲慘」的身體感知,
你的大腦也是這樣做的。
what caused those sensations
是什麼造成那些感知,
that anything is wrong with your life.
你的人生有什麼問題。
intense distress,
into just mere physical discomfort?
a couple of Jedi mind tricks
絕地武士的心靈招術,
of serious condition.
over your emotions than you might imagine,
更能掌控你的情緒,
on emotional suffering
來建立你自己的經驗。
your experiences differently.
we can get really good at it,
pretty automatic.
a really empowering and inspiring message,
能讓我覺得自己有能力,
by decades of research
數十年的研究在支持,
that it does come with some fine print,
它上面還有小字的警告訊息,
also means more responsibility.
就意味著越多的責任。
of mythical emotion circuits
inside your brain somewhere
for your emotions,
因為你的情緒而受責備,
and the experiences that you make today
predictions for tomorrow.
who can change it.
to resist the scientific evidence
而非天生內建的科學證據。
for our own emotions
負責的這個想法,
is you don't have to choke on that idea.
你們不需要被那個想法噎到。
a glass of water if you need to,
to a healthier body,
and potent emotional life.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Lisa Feldman Barrett - Neuroscientist, psychologist, authorLisa Feldman Barrett, PhD is a University Distinguished Professor of Psychology at Northeastern University, with positions in psychiatry and radiology at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School.
Why you should listen
Twenty-five years ago, Lisa Feldman Barrett ran a series of psychology experiments whose conclusions seemed to defy common sense. It turned out common sense was wrong, and has been for 2,000 years. The result is a radical, new theory of how the brain creates emotions and a novel view of human nature.
Dr. Barrett is now a University Distinguished Professor of Psychology and Director of the Interdisciplinary Affective Science Laboratory (IASLab) at Northeastern University, with research appointments in the departments of psychiatry and radiology at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School. She has published more than 200 peer-reviewed research papers in top scientific journals on emotion, psychology, and neuroscience. She educates the public about science with her articles for the New York Times and other media outlets. Her research teams span the globe, studying people in the West, the East and remote parts of Africa.
Lisa Feldman Barrett | Speaker | TED.com