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Natalie Fratto: 3 ways to measure your adaptability -- and how to improve it
Natalie Fratto: 3 načina na koje možete procijeniti i poboljšati svoju prilagodljivost
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Kada venčer-investitorka Natalie Fratto određuje koje osnivače startupa da podrži, ona ne traži inteligenciju ili karizmu, nego prilagodljivost. U ovom pronicljivom govoru, Fratto dijeli sa vama tri načina na koje možete procijeniti vaš "koeficijent prilagodljivosti" - te vam pokazuje zašto je jako važna vaša sposobnost da reagujete na promjenu.
Natalie Fratto - Venture investor, writer
Natalie Fratto invests in underestimated startup founders and writes about how technology shapes the world around us. Full bio
Natalie Fratto invests in underestimated startup founders and writes about how technology shapes the world around us. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I met 273 start-up founders last year.
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Prošle godine sam upoznala
273 osnivača startup kompanija.
273 osnivača startup kompanija.
00:16
And each one was looking for money.
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Svaki od njih je bio u potrazi za novcem.
00:18
As a tech investor,
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Kao investitor u tehnologiju,
00:20
my goal was to sort through
everyone that I met
everyone that I met
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cilj mi je bio da sortiram
sve one koje sam upoznala
sve one koje sam upoznala
00:23
and make a quick determination
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i da ubrzo utvrdim
00:24
about which ones had the potential
to make something really big.
to make something really big.
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koji od njih imaju potencijal
da naprave nešto zaista veliko.
da naprave nešto zaista veliko.
00:28
But what makes a great founder?
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Koje su osobine velikog osnivača?
00:30
This is a question I ask myself daily.
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Ovo pitanje postavljam sebi svakog dana.
00:33
Some venture capitalists place bets
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Neki venčer-kapitalisti
stavljaju svoj ulog
stavljaju svoj ulog
00:35
based on a founder's previous background.
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na osnovu prethodnog statusa osnivača.
00:37
Did they go to an Ivy League school?
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Je li on išao u školu Lige bršljana?
00:39
Have they worked at a blue-chip company?
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Je li radio u uglednoj kompaniji?
00:41
Have they built out a big vision before?
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Je li ranije stvorio veliku viziju?
00:43
Effectively, how smart is this person?
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Koliko je u stvarnosti ova osoba pametna?
00:46
Other VCs asses a founder's
emotional quotient, or EQ.
emotional quotient, or EQ.
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Drugi procjenjuju EQ, tj. koeficijent
emocionalne inteligencije osnivača.
emocionalne inteligencije osnivača.
00:50
How well will this person build teams
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Koliko će ova osoba biti uspješna
u izgradnji timova
u izgradnji timova
00:52
and build rapport
across customers and clients?
across customers and clients?
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i odnosa sa kupcima i klijentima?
00:56
I have a different methodology
to assess start-up founders, though,
to assess start-up founders, though,
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Ja imam drugačiju metodologiju
za procjenu osnivača startupa,
za procjenu osnivača startupa,
a nije komplikovana.
00:59
and it's not complicated.
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01:01
I look for signs of one specific trait.
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Tražim znakove jedne specifične osobine.
01:04
Not IQ, not EQ.
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Nije u pitanju IQ, niti EQ.
01:06
It's adaptability:
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U pitanju je prilagodljivost:
01:08
how well a person reacts
to the inevitability of change,
to the inevitability of change,
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kako osoba reaguje
na neminovnost promjene,
na neminovnost promjene,
01:12
and lots of it.
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i to velike.
01:13
That's the single most important
determinant for me.
determinant for me.
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To je jedina bitna odrednica za mene.
01:16
I subscribe to the belief
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Slažem se sa stanovištem
01:17
that adaptability itself
is a form of intelligence,
is a form of intelligence,
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da je sama prilagodljivost
jedan oblik inteligencije,
jedan oblik inteligencije,
01:21
and our adaptability quotient, or AQ,
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a naš koeficijent
prilagodljivosti, ili AQ,
prilagodljivosti, ili AQ,
je nešto što se može procijeniti,
provjeriti i poboljšati.
provjeriti i poboljšati.
01:24
is something that can be measured,
tested and improved.
tested and improved.
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01:28
AQ isn't just useful
for start-up founders, however.
for start-up founders, however.
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No, AQ nije samo koristan
osnivačima startupa.
osnivačima startupa.
01:31
I think it's increasingly
important for all of us.
important for all of us.
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Mislim da je od sve veće
važnosti za sve nas.
važnosti za sve nas.
01:33
Because the world is speeding up.
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jer se svijet ubrzano kreće.
01:35
We know that the rate
of technological change is accelerating,
of technological change is accelerating,
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Znamo da se ubrzava ritam
tehnoloških promjena,
tehnoloških promjena,
01:38
which is forcing our brains to react.
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što prisiljava naš mozak da reaguje.
01:41
Whether you're navigating
changing job conditions
changing job conditions
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Bilo da djelujete
u izmijenjenim uslovima rada
u izmijenjenim uslovima rada
01:43
brought on by automation,
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prouzrokovanim automatizacijom,
01:45
shifting geopolitics
in a more globalized world,
in a more globalized world,
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izmijenjenoj geopolitici
u globalizovanijem svijetu,
u globalizovanijem svijetu,
01:48
or simply changing family dynamics
and personal relationships.
and personal relationships.
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ili samoj promjeni porodične dinamike
i privatnih veza.
i privatnih veza.
01:51
Each of us, as individuals, groups,
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Svi mi, pojedinci, grupe,
01:54
corporations and even governments
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korporacije, pa čak i vlade,
01:56
are being forced to grapple
with more change
with more change
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prinuđeni smo da se borimo sa promjenama
01:59
than ever before in human history.
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više nego ikad prije u ljudskoj historiji.
02:02
So, how do we assess our adaptability?
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Kako onda da procijenimo
našu prilagodljivost?
našu prilagodljivost?
02:05
I use three tricks
when meeting with founders.
when meeting with founders.
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Ja koristim tri trika
kad se susretnem sa osnivačima.
kad se susretnem sa osnivačima.
02:08
Here's the first.
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Ovo je prvi.
02:09
Think back to your
most recent job interview.
most recent job interview.
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Sjetite se vašeg posljednjeg
intervjua za posao.
intervjua za posao.
02:12
What kind of questions were you asked?
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Šta su vas pitali?
02:14
Probably some variation of,
"Tell me about a time when," right?
"Tell me about a time when," right?
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Vjerovatno neku varijaciju sljedećeg:
"Ispričaj mi kad", je li tako?
"Ispričaj mi kad", je li tako?
02:19
Instead, to interview for adaptability,
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Umjesto toga, kako bih provjerila
prilagodljivost na intervjuu,
prilagodljivost na intervjuu,
02:22
I like to ask "what if" questions.
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volim postavljati pitanja sa "šta ako".
02:24
What if your main revenue stream
were to dry up overnight?
were to dry up overnight?
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Šta ako vaš izvor prihoda
presuši preko noći?
presuši preko noći?
02:27
What if a heat wave prevented
every single customer
every single customer
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Šta ako val vrućine spriječi svakog kupca
02:29
from being able to visit your store?
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da posjeti vašu prodavnicu?
02:31
Asking "what if," instead
of asking about the past,
of asking about the past,
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Postavljajući pitanja sa "šta ako",
umjesto pitanja o prošlosti,
umjesto pitanja o prošlosti,
02:35
forces the brain to simulate.
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prisiljavamo mozak da simulira.
02:36
To picture multiple possible
versions of the future.
versions of the future.
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Da zamisli višestruke moguće
verzije budućnosti.
verzije budućnosti.
02:39
The strength of that vision,
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Snaga te vizije,
02:41
as well as how many distinct scenarios
someone can conjure, tells me a lot.
someone can conjure, tells me a lot.
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kao i broj različitih scenarija koje neko
može dočarati, govori mi mnogo.
može dočarati, govori mi mnogo.
02:46
Practicing simulations
is a sort of safe testing ground
is a sort of safe testing ground
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Vježbanje simulacija je
na neki način sigurna provjera
na neki način sigurna provjera
02:49
for improving adaptability.
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poboljšanja prilagodljivosti.
02:51
Instead of testing how you take in
and retain information,
and retain information,
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Umjesto da se testira način
dobijanja i zadržavanja informacija,
dobijanja i zadržavanja informacija,
02:55
like an IQ test might,
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kao pri testiranju IQ-a,
02:57
it tests how you manipulate information,
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ovdje se provjerava kako
upravljate informacijama,
upravljate informacijama,
03:00
given a constraint,
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uz zadana ograničenja,
03:01
in order to achieve a specific goal.
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kako biste postigli određeni cilj.
03:04
The second trick that I use
to assess adaptability in founders
to assess adaptability in founders
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Drugi trik koji koristim
za procjenu prilagodljivosti osnivača
za procjenu prilagodljivosti osnivača
03:08
is to look for signs of unlearning.
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je traženje znakova odučavanja.
03:11
Active unlearners seek to challenge
what they presume to already know,
what they presume to already know,
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Osobe koje su aktivne u odučavanju žele
osporiti ono što pretpostavljaju da znaju,
osporiti ono što pretpostavljaju da znaju,
03:15
and instead, override that data
with new information.
with new information.
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i umjesto toga te podatke zamjenjuju
novim informacijama.
novim informacijama.
03:19
Kind of like a computer
running a disk cleanup.
running a disk cleanup.
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Nešto kao kad računar
izvodi čišćenje diska.
izvodi čišćenje diska.
03:23
Take the example of Destin Sandlin,
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Uzmite primjer Destina Sandlina,
03:25
who programed his bicycle
to turn left when he steered it right
to turn left when he steered it right
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koji je programirao svoj bicikl
da se okreće ulijevo kad on skrene udesno
da se okreće ulijevo kad on skrene udesno
03:28
and vice versa.
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i obrnuto.
03:30
He called this his Backwards Brain Bike,
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Nazvao ga je Backwards brain bike,
03:32
and it took him nearly eight months
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a trebalo mu je skoro osam mjeseci
03:34
just to learn how to ride it
kind of, sort of normally.
kind of, sort of normally.
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samo da ga nauči voziti
na neki način normalno.
na neki način normalno.
03:37
The fact that Destin was able
to unlearn his regular bike
to unlearn his regular bike
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Činjenica da se Destin mogao
odučiti od vožnje svog običnog bicikla
odučiti od vožnje svog običnog bicikla
03:40
in favor of a new one, though,
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kako bi vozio novi,
03:42
signals something awesome
about our adaptability.
about our adaptability.
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znak je da ima nešto impresivno
u vezi s našom prilagodljivošću.
u vezi s našom prilagodljivošću.
03:45
It's not fixed.
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Nije nepromjenljiva.
03:47
Instead, each of us
has the capacity to improve it,
has the capacity to improve it,
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Umjesto toga, svako od nas
ima sposobnost da je poboljša,
ima sposobnost da je poboljša,
03:50
through dedication and hard work.
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kroz posvećenost i trud.
03:52
On the last page of Gandhi's
autobiography, he wrote,
autobiography, he wrote,
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Na posljednjoj stranici svoje
autobiografije, Gandi je napisao:
autobiografije, Gandi je napisao:
03:56
"I must reduce myself to zero."
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"Moram se vratiti na početak".
03:59
At many points in his very full life,
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Više puta tokom svog ispunjenog života,
04:02
he was still seeking to return
to a beginner's mindset, to zero.
to a beginner's mindset, to zero.
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ipak se nastojao vratiti
na mentalni sklop početnika, na nulu.
na mentalni sklop početnika, na nulu.
04:06
To unlearn.
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Da se oduči.
04:08
In this way, I think
it's pretty safe to say
it's pretty safe to say
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Tako da mislim da se slobodno može reći
04:11
Gandhi had a high AQ score.
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da je Gandi imao visok AQ.
04:12
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:14
The third and final trick
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Treći i posljednji trik
04:15
that I use to assess
a founder's adaptability
a founder's adaptability
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koji koristim za procjenu
prilagodljivosti osnivača
prilagodljivosti osnivača
04:18
is to look for people
who infuse exploration
who infuse exploration
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je da tražim ljude
koji uključe istraživanje
koji uključe istraživanje
04:21
into their life and their business.
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u svoj život i posao.
04:23
There's a sort of natural tension
between exploration and exploitation.
between exploration and exploitation.
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Postoji neka prirodna tenzija
između istraživanja i iskorištavanja.
između istraživanja i iskorištavanja.
04:28
And collectively,
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Kolektivno,
04:29
all of us tend to overvalue exploitation.
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svi smo mi skloni
precjenjivanju iskorištavanja.
precjenjivanju iskorištavanja.
04:32
Here's what I mean.
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Evo na šta mislim.
04:33
In the year 2000,
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Godine 2000,
04:35
a man finagled his way
into a meeting with John Antioco,
into a meeting with John Antioco,
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jedan čovjek je uspio
da se susretne sa Johnom Antiocom,
da se susretne sa Johnom Antiocom,
04:38
the CEO of Blockbuster,
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glavnim izvršnim direktorom Blockbustera,
04:40
and proposed a partnership
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te predložio partnerstvo,
04:41
to manage Blockbuster's
fledgling online business.
fledgling online business.
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tako što će upravljati novim
Blockbusterovim online biznisom.
Blockbusterovim online biznisom.
04:45
The CEO John laughed him
out of the room, saying,
out of the room, saying,
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Glavni izvršni direktor John
mu se podrugljivo nasmijao, te rekao:
mu se podrugljivo nasmijao, te rekao:
04:48
"I have millions of existing customers
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"Imam milion postojećih kupaca
04:50
and thousands of successful retail stores.
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i hiljade uspješnih
maloprodajnih trgovina.
maloprodajnih trgovina.
04:53
I really need to focus on the money."
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Zaista se moram fokusirati na novac".
04:55
The other man in the meeting, however,
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Međutim, drugi čovjek na sastanku
04:57
turned out to be Reed Hastings,
the CEO of Netflix.
the CEO of Netflix.
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je bio Reed Hastings,
glavni izvršni direktor Netflixa.
glavni izvršni direktor Netflixa.
05:00
In 2018, Netflix brought in
15.8 billion dollars,
15.8 billion dollars,
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Godine 2018, Netflix je zaradio
15,8 milijardi dolara,
15,8 milijardi dolara,
05:04
while Blockbuster
filed for bankruptcy in 2010,
filed for bankruptcy in 2010,
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dok je Blockbuster
2010. godine proglasio stečaj,
2010. godine proglasio stečaj,
05:09
directly 10 years after that meeting.
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tačno 10 godina nakon tog sastanka.
05:11
The Blockbuster CEO
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Glavni izvršni direktor Blockbustera
05:13
was too focused on exploiting
his already successful business model,
his already successful business model,
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bio je previše zaokupljen korištenjem
već tada uspješnog poslovnog modela,
već tada uspješnog poslovnog modela,
05:17
so much so that he couldn't see
around the next corner.
around the next corner.
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toliko da nije ni vidio
šta će se uskoro desiti.
šta će se uskoro desiti.
05:20
In that way, his previous success
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Tako je njegov prethodni uspjeh
05:22
became the enemy
of his adaptability potential.
of his adaptability potential.
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postao neprijatelj njegovom
potencijalu prilagodljivosti.
potencijalu prilagodljivosti.
05:25
For the founders that I work with,
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Za osnivače s kojima radim,
05:27
I frame exploration
as a state of constant seeking.
as a state of constant seeking.
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istraživanje zamislim
kao stanje neprestanog traženja.
kao stanje neprestanog traženja.
05:30
To never fall too far in love
with your wins
with your wins
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Da se nikad ne zadovoljite
svojim uspjesima
svojim uspjesima
05:33
but rather continue to proactively
seek out what might kill you next.
seek out what might kill you next.
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nego da radije proaktivno tražite
šta bi vas moglo sljedeće ubiti.
šta bi vas moglo sljedeće ubiti.
05:38
When I first started
exploring adaptability,
exploring adaptability,
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Kada sam tek počela
istraživati prilagodljivost,
istraživati prilagodljivost,
05:40
the thing I found most exciting
is that we can improve it.
is that we can improve it.
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ono što me najviše uzbudilo
je to da se može poboljšati.
je to da se može poboljšati.
05:43
Each of us has the capacity
to become more adaptable.
to become more adaptable.
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Svako od nas ima kapacitet
da postane prilagodljiviji.
da postane prilagodljiviji.
05:47
But think of it like a muscle:
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Gledajte na to kao na mišić:
05:48
it's got to be exercised.
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to morate vježbati.
05:50
And don't get discouraged
if it takes a while.
if it takes a while.
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Nemojte se obeshrabriti ako potraje.
05:53
Remember Destin Sandlin?
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Sjećate se Destina Sandlina?
05:54
It took him eight months
just to learn how to ride a bike.
just to learn how to ride a bike.
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Trebalo mu je osam mjeseci
samo da nauči voziti bajk.
samo da nauči voziti bajk.
05:57
Over time, using the tricks
that I use on founders --
that I use on founders --
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Vremenom, koristeći trikove
koje koristim za osnivače -
koje koristim za osnivače -
06:01
asking "what if" questions,
actively unlearning
actively unlearning
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postavljanje pitanja sa "šta ako",
aktivno odučavanje
aktivno odučavanje
06:04
and prioritizing exploration
over exploitation
over exploitation
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i stavljanje istraživanja
ispred iskorištavanja
ispred iskorištavanja
06:08
can put you in the driver's seat --
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može vas dovesti u prednost -
06:10
so that the next time
something big changes,
something big changes,
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tako da kad sljedeći put
dođe do velike promjene,
dođe do velike promjene,
06:12
you're already prepared.
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već ste spremni.
06:14
We're entering a future where IQ and EQ
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Koračamo u budućnost gdje IQ i EQ
06:17
both matter way less
than how fast you're able to adapt.
than how fast you're able to adapt.
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su puno manje bitni nego
koliko brzo se možete prilagoditi.
koliko brzo se možete prilagoditi.
06:21
So I hope that these tools
help you to raise your own AQ.
help you to raise your own AQ.
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Nadam da će vam ovi alati
pomoći da povećate vlastiti AQ.
pomoći da povećate vlastiti AQ.
06:24
Thank you.
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Hvala.
06:26
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Natalie Fratto - Venture investor, writerNatalie Fratto invests in underestimated startup founders and writes about how technology shapes the world around us.
Why you should listen
A Y-Combinator alum and former IBM Watson strategist, Natalie Fratto most recently led international expansion at Silicon Valley Bank. She's written for Fortune, Fast Company and Motherboard. Today, she's building Launch With GS, a $500 million initiative to invest in women-led businesses and investment managers, at Goldman Sachs in New York, NY. She tweets a lot @NatalieFratto.
Natalie Fratto | Speaker | TED.com