TEDxBoston 2012
Timothy Prestero: Design for people, not awards
Prestero: Design for mennesker, ikke priser.
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Timothy Prestero troede han havde designet den perfekte kuvøse til udviklingslandene -- men hans hold lærte en hård lektie, da den kiksede med at komme i produktion. Et manifest for vigtigheden af at designe for brug i den virkelige verden, fremfor at designe for at vinde priser. (Filmet på TEDxBoston.)
Timothy Prestero - Designer
Timothy Prestero loves a flashy "concept car." But in his own work, he aims to design products for social impact, keeping users in mind. Full bio
Timothy Prestero loves a flashy "concept car." But in his own work, he aims to design products for social impact, keeping users in mind. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
I've got a great idea that's going to change the world.
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Jeg har en fantastisk ide som vil ændre verden.
00:18
It's fantastic, it's going to blow your mind.
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Den er så fantastisk, at den vil gøre jer målløse.
00:20
It's my beautiful baby.
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Den er min smukke baby.
00:22
Here's the thing, everybody loves a beautiful baby.
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Her er pointen, alle elsker en smuk baby.
00:24
I mean, I was a beautiful baby.
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Jeg mener, jeg var en smuk baby.
00:26
Here's me and my dad a couple days after I was born.
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Her er mig og min far få dage efter jeg blev født.
00:28
So in the world of product design,
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Så i produktdesign-verdenen,
00:30
the beautiful baby's like the concept car.
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der er den smukke baby ligesom en konceptbil.
00:33
It's the knock-out.
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Det er en mavepuster.
00:34
You see it and you go, "Oh, my God. I'd buy that in a second!"
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Man ser den og siger: "Åh gud, den må jeg bare eje!".
00:37
So why is it that this year's new cars
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Hvad er det som gør at dette års nye biler
00:40
look pretty much exactly like last year's new cars?
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næsten er identiske med forrige års nye biler?
00:44
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
00:45
What went wrong between the design studio and the factory?
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Hvad gik galt mellem designafdelingen og fabrikken?
00:48
Today I don't want to talk about beautiful babies,
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I dag vil jeg ikke tale om smukke babyer,
00:51
I want to talk about the awkward adolescence of design --
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jeg vil tale om designs kejtede pubertet --
00:54
those sort of dorky teenage years
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de fjogede teenageår
00:58
where you're trying to figure out how the world works.
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hvor du prøver at finde ud af hvordan verden fungerer.
01:01
I'm going to start with an example from some work that we did on newborn health.
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Jeg vil starte med et eksempel fra noget arbejde vi gjorde for nyfødtes helbred.
01:05
So here's a problem:
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Så her er problemet:
01:07
Four million babies around the world,
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Fire millioner babyer i verden,
01:10
mostly in developing countries,
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flest i i udviklingslandene,
01:11
die every year before their first birthday,
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dør hvert år før deres første fødselsdag,
01:14
even before their first month of life.
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endda i deres første levemåned.
01:16
It turns out half of those kids, or about 1.8 million newborns around the world,
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Det viser sig at halvdelen af disse børn, eller omkring 1,8 millioner nyfødte i verden,
01:19
would make it if you could just keep them warm
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ville have overlevet hvis vi blot kunne holde dem varme
01:22
for the first three days, maybe the first week.
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i de første tre dage, måske i den første uge.
01:25
So this is a newborn intensive care unit in Kathmandu, Nepal.
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Dette er en intensivafdeling for nyfødte i Kathmandu, Nepal.
01:29
All of these kids in blankets belong in incubators --
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Alle disse børn i tæpper burde være i en kuvøse --
01:32
something like this. So this is a donated Japanese Atom incubator
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noget som denne her. Dette er en Atom kuvøse, doneret fra Japan
01:36
that we found in a NICU in Kathmandu.
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som vi fandt i en intensiv-børneafdeling i Kathmandu.
01:38
This is what we want.
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Dette er hvad vi ønsker.
01:41
Probably what happened is a hospital in Japan upgraded their equipment
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Hvad der sandsynligvis skete var, at et hospital i Japan opgraderede deres udstyr
01:43
and donated their old stuff to Nepal.
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og donerede det gamle til Nepal.
01:47
The problem is, without technicians, without spare parts,
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Problemet er at uden teknikere, uden reservedele,
01:51
donations like this very quickly turn into junk.
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vil donationer som denne hurtigt ende som skrot.
01:54
So this seemed like a problem that we could do something about.
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Så dette virkede som et problem vi kunne gøre noget ved.
01:57
Keeping a baby warm for a week,
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At holde et barn varmt i en uge,
02:00
that's not rocket science.
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det er ikke raketvidenskab.
02:02
So we got started.
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Så vi startede
02:04
We partnered with a leading medical research institution here in Boston.
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vi lavede et partnerskab med en ledende medicinske forskningsinstitution her i Boston.
02:07
We conducted months of user research overseas,
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Vi udførte brugerundersøgelser i månedsvis i ulandende,
02:10
trying to think like designers, human-centered design.
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og forsøgte at tænke som designers, menneskeorienteret design.
02:13
Let's figure out what people want.
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Forsøgte at finde ud af hvad fok ønskede sig.
02:16
We killed thousands of Post-it notes.
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Vi dræbte tusinder af Post-it sedler.
02:18
We made dozens of prototypes to get to this.
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Vi lavede dusinvis af prototyper for at nå frem til denne.
02:21
So this is the NeoNurture Infant Incubator,
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Her har vi NeoNurture babykuvøse,
02:24
and this has a lot of smarts built into it. And we felt great.
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som har indbygget en masse smarte ting. Og vi følte os som verdensmestre.
02:28
So the idea here is, unlike the concept car,
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Så ideen her er, i modsætning til konceptbilen,
02:30
we want to marry something beautiful
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vi ønskede at forene noget smukt
02:32
with something that actually works.
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med noget som faktisk virker.
02:35
And our idea is that this design
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Og vores ide er, at dette design
02:37
would inspire manufacturers and other people of influence
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vil inspirere producenter og andre folk med indflydelse
02:41
to take this model and run with it.
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til at tage denne model og bruge den.
02:43
Here's the bad news:
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Her er de dårlige nyheder:
02:47
The only baby ever actually put inside the NeoNurture Incubator
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Den eneste baby som nåede at komme ind i NeoNurture kuvøsen
02:50
was this kid during a Time magazine photo shoot.
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var dette barn, mens Time Magazine tog dette billede.
02:54
So recognition is fantastic.
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Så modtagelsen var fantastisk.
02:56
We want design to get out for people to see it.
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Vi ønskede design som skulle ses af folk.
02:59
It won lots of awards.
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Det vandt en masse priser.
03:01
But it felt like a booby prize.
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Men det føltes som en snydepris.
03:03
We wanted to make beautiful things that are going to make the world a better place,
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Vi ønskede at lave smukke ting som kunne gøre verden bedre,
03:09
and I don't think this kid was even in it long enough to get warm.
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og jeg tror ikke engang at dette barn var i den længe nok til at blive varm.
03:13
So it turns out that design for inspiration
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Så det endte med at design for inspiration
03:15
doesn't really --
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ikke rigtigt --
03:18
I guess what I would say is, for us, for what I want to do,
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jeg gætter at jeg vil sige, at for det vi ønskede at gøre,
03:22
it's either too slow or it just doesn't work, it's ineffective.
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så er det enten for langsomt eller det virker bare ikke, det er ueffektivt.
03:26
So really I want to design for outcomes.
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Jeg ønsker at designe for resultater.
03:28
I don't want to make beautiful stuff.
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Jeg ønsker ikke at lave smukke ting.
03:30
I want to make the world a better place.
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Jeg ønsker at lave verden til et bedre sted.
03:32
So when we were designing NeoNurture,
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Så da vi designede NeoNurture,
03:34
we paid a lot of attention to the people who are going to use this thing --
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var vi meget opmærksomme på de mennesker som skulle bruge tingen--
03:37
for example, poor families, rural doctors,
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for eksempel, fattige familier, landsbylæger,
03:39
overloaded nurses, even repair technicians.
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overbebyrdede sygeplejersker, selv reparatører.
03:43
We thought we had all our bases covered, we'd done everything right.
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Vi tænkte vi havde dækket alt, vi havde gjort alting rigtigt.
03:46
Well it turns out there's this whole constellation of people
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Men det viste sig at hele denne konstellation af folk
03:49
who have to be involved in a product for it to be successful:
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vi havde involveret i produktet for at det skulle blive en succes:
03:52
manufacturing, financing, distribution, regulation.
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Fremstilling, finansiering, distribution, lovgivning.
03:55
Michael Free at PATH says you have to figure out who will "choose, use and pay the dues"
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Michael Free fra Path siger at du skal vide hvem som vil: "Vælge, bruge og betale pengene"
03:59
for a product like this.
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for et produkt som dette.
04:01
And I have to ask the question --
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Og bliver nødt til at spørge --
04:03
VC's always ask, "Sir, what is your business, and who is your customer?"
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Investorer spørger altid: "Hr. hvad er din forretning og hvem er dine kunder?"
04:06
Who is our customer? Well here's an example.
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Hvem er vores kunder? Her er et eksempel.
04:10
This is a Bangladeshi hospital director outside his facility.
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Her er en Bangladeshisk hospitalsdirektør uden for hans sygehus.
04:13
It turns out he doesn't buy any of his equipment.
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Det viser sig at han ikke køber sit eget udstyr.
04:15
Those decisions are made by the Ministry of Health
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Disse afgørelser tages af Sundhedsministeriet
04:18
or by foreign donors,
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eller af fremmede donorer,
04:20
and it just kind of shows up.
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udstyret dukker ligesom bare op.
04:21
Similarly, here's a multinational medical device manufacturer.
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Tilsvarende, her er en multinational medikoteknisk leverandør.
04:25
It turns out they've got to fish where the fish are.
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Det viser sig at de må fiske hvor fiskene er.
04:27
So it turns out that in emerging markets, where the fish are,
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Så det viser sig at på de nye markeder, er fiskene
04:31
are the emerging middle class of these countries --
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den nye middelklasse i disse lande--
04:34
diseases of affluence: heart disease, infertility.
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overflodssygedomme: Hjertesygdomme, barnløshed.
04:38
So it turns out that design for outcomes in one aspect
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Så det viser sig at design for resultater
04:43
really means thinking about design for manufacture and distribution.
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betyder at man skal tænke på at designe for fremstilling og distribution.
04:46
Okay, that was an important lesson.
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Okay det var en vigtig lektie.
04:48
Second, we took that lesson and tried to push it into our next project.
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For det andet, lærte vi den lektie og prøvede på at bruge den i vores næste projekt.
04:53
So we started by finding a manufacturer,
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Så vi startede med at finde en fremstiller,
04:55
an organization called MTTS in Vietnam,
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en organisation kaldet MTTS i Vietnam,
04:57
that manufactures newborn care technologies for Southeast Asia.
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som fremstiller teknologi for pleje af nyfødte i Sydøstasien.
05:00
Our other partner is East Meets West.
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Vores anden partner er East Meets West.
05:02
This is an American foundation that distributes that technology
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En amerikansk fond som distribuerer teknologi
05:05
to poor hospitals around that region.
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til fattige hospitaler i den region.
05:08
So we started with them saying, "Well what do you want?
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Så vi startede med at spørge dem: "Hvad er det I ønsker?
05:11
What's a problem you want to solve?"
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Hvad er det for et problem vi skal løse?"
05:12
And they said, "Well let's work on newborn jaundice."
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Og de svarede: "Lad os arbejde med gulsot hos nyfødte."
05:15
So this is another one of these mind-boggling global problems.
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Dette er et andet af disse påtrængende globale problemer.
05:18
So jaundice affects two-thirds of newborns around the world.
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Gulsot påvirker to tredjedele af alle nyfødte i verden.
05:22
Of those newborns, one in 10 roughly,
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Af disse nyfødte, vil en ud af ti groft sagt,
05:27
if it's not treated, the jaundice gets so severe
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hvis den ikke behandles, få så alvorlig gulsot
05:30
that it leads to either a life-long disability,
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at det enten fører til et livslangt handicap,
05:33
or the kids could even die.
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eller til døden for børnene.
05:35
There's one way to treat jaundice,
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Der er én måde at behandle gulsot,
05:37
and that's what's called an exchange transfusion.
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som er kaldt en udskiftningstransfusion.
05:39
So as you can imagine, that's expensive and a little bit dangerous.
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Som I kan forestille jer er dyrt og en lille smule farligt.
05:43
There is another cure.
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Der er en anden kur.
05:45
It's very technological, it's very complex, a little daunting.
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Det er meget teknologisk, det er meget komplekse, en smule skræmmende.
05:51
You've got to shine blue light on the kid --
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Man skal belyse barnet med blåt lys--
05:54
bright blue light on as much of the skin as you can cover.
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klart blåt lys på så meget af huden som muligt.
05:58
How is this a hard problem?
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Hvordan er dette et vanskeligt problem?
06:00
So I went to MIT,
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Så gik jeg til MIT,
06:04
Okay, we'll figure that out. (Laughter)
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Okay, vi kan regne det ud. (Latter)
06:07
So here's an example. This is an overhead phototherapy device
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Så her er et eksempel. Det er et ovenlys lysterapi-apparat
06:10
that's designed for American hospitals.
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der er udviklet til amerikanske hospitaler.
06:13
And here's how it's supposed to be used.
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Og her er, hvordan det er tænkt det skal anvendes.
06:15
So it's over the baby, illuminating a single patient.
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Den placeres over en baby for at belyse en enkelt patient.
06:18
Take it out of an American hospital,
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Tag det ud af en amerikansk hospital,
06:21
send it overseas to a crowded facility in Asia,
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sendt det oversøisk til et overfyldt sygehus i Asien,
06:23
here's how it's actually used.
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og det vil bruges sådan her.
06:24
The effectiveness of phototherapy is a function of light intensity.
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Effektiviteten af lysterapi er en funktion af lysintensiteten.
06:28
So these dark blue squares show you where it's effective phototherapy.
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Disse mørke blå firkanter viser dig, hvor det er effektiv lysterapi.
06:31
Here's what it looks like under actual use.
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Her er, hvordan det ser ud under faktiske anvendelse.
06:34
So those kids on the edges
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Så disse børn yderst
06:35
aren't actually receiving effective phototherapy.
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modtager ikke effektiv lysterapi.
06:37
But without training, without some kind of light meter,
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Men uden uddannelse, uden en slags lysmåler,
06:40
how would you know?
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Hvordan kan du vide det?
06:42
We see other examples of problems like this.
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Vi ser andre eksempler på problemer som dette.
06:44
So here's a neonatal intensive care unit
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Så er her en neonatal intensivafdelingen
06:46
where moms come in to visit their babies.
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hvor kommer mødre for at besøge deres babyer.
06:48
And keep in mind, Mom maybe just had a C-section,
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Og Husk, moren har måske lige fået foretaget kejsersnit
06:51
so that's already kind of a bummer.
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som kan være en grim oplevelse.
06:53
Mom's visiting her kid.
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Moren besøger hendes barn.
06:54
She sees her baby naked, lying under some blue lights,
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Hun ser hendes baby ligge nøgen under noget blå lys,
06:57
looking kind of vulnerable.
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og ser sårbar ud.
06:59
It's not uncommon for Mom to put a blanket over the baby.
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Det er ikke ualmindeligt at moren lægger et tæppe over babyen.
07:02
From a phototherapy standpoint, maybe not the best behavior.
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Ud fra et lysterapisynspunkt, måske ikke den bedste ide.
07:06
In fact that sounds kind of dumb.
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Det virker tåbeligt.
07:09
Except, what we've learned
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Bortset fra, hvad vi har lært
07:12
is that there's no such thing as a dumb user -- really is what we've learned.
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er at der er ikke nogen dum bruger-- det er hvad vi har lært.
07:15
There are only dumb products.
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Der er kun dumme produkter.
07:17
We have to think like existentialists.
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Vi skal tænke som eksistentialister.
07:19
It's not the painting we would have painted,
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Det er ikke det maleri vi ville have malet,
07:20
it's the painting that we actually painted.
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det er maleriet vi faktisk har malet.
07:22
It's the use -- designed for actual use.
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Det er den anvendelse--designet til faktiske anvendelse.
07:25
How are people actually going to use this?
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Hvordan vil folk faktisk bruge det?
07:27
So similarly, when we think about our partner MTTS,
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Så ligeledes, når vi tænker på vores partner MTTS,
07:31
they've made some amazing technologies for treating newborn illnesses.
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de har lavet nogle fantastiske ting til behandling af sygdomme hos nyfødte.
07:34
So here's an overhead warmer and a CPAP.
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Så er her en varmelampe og en CPAP.
07:36
They're inexpensive, really rugged.
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De er billige, virkelig slidstærke.
07:39
They've treated 50,000 kids in Vietnam with this technology.
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De har behandlet 50.000 børn i Vietnam med denne teknologi.
07:42
But here's the problem:
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Men her er problemet:
07:43
Every doctor in the world, every hospital administrator,
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Hver læge i verden, administratoren hvert hospital,
07:46
has seen TV -- curse those "E.R." reruns.
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har set TV -- forbandet være disse "Skadestuen" genudsendelser.
07:51
Turns out they all know what a medical device is supposed to look like.
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Som har skabt en ide om hvordan et medicinsk apparat skal se ud.
07:55
They want Buck Rogers, they don't want effective.
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De ønsker Buck Rogers, de ønsker ikke det effektive.
07:59
It sounds crazy, it sounds dumb,
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Det lyder vanvittigt, det lyder dumt,
08:01
but there are actually hospitals who would rather have no equipment
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men der er faktisk hospitaler, hvem vil hellere have intet udstyr
08:04
than something that looks cheap and crummy.
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end noget der ser billigt og luset ud.
08:06
So again, if we want people to trust a device,
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Så igen, hvis vi ønsker folk at have tillid til noget udstyr,
08:10
it has to look trustworthy.
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skal det se troværdigt ud.
08:11
So thinking about outcomes,
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Så hvis man bekymrer sig om effekten,
08:13
it turns out appearances matter.
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viser det sig at fremtoningen gør en forskel.
08:15
So we took all that information together.
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Så vi samlede alle disse oplysninger.
08:17
We tried, this time, to get it right.
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Vi forsøgte, denne gang at få gjort det rigtige.
08:20
And here's what we developed.
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Og her er hvad vi udviklede.
08:21
So this is the Firefly Phototherapy Device,
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Så dette er Firefly lysterapiapparatet,
08:23
except this time we didn't stop at the concept car.
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bortset fra dette tidspunkt ikke vi stopper ved konceptbilen.
08:26
So from the very beginning we started by talking to manufacturers.
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Så begyndte vi helt fra begyndelsen ved at tale med fabrikanter.
08:30
Our goal is to make a state-of-the-art product
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Vores mål er at skabe et state-of-the-art produkt
08:33
that our partner MTTS can actually manufacture.
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som vores partner MTTS faktisk kan fremstille.
08:36
So our goal is to study how they work, the resources they have access to,
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Så er vores mål er at studere hvordan de arbejder, de ressourcer, de har adgang til,
08:40
so that they can make this product.
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så de kan fremstille dette produkt.
08:42
So that's the design for manufacture question.
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Så det er designet til at løse fremstillingsspørgsmålet.
08:45
When we think about actual use,
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Når vi tænker på faktiske brug,
08:47
you'll notice that Firefly has a single bassinet.
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du vil opdage, at Firefly har en enkelt kammer.
08:49
It only fits a single baby.
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Det passer kun en enkelt baby.
08:51
And the idea here is it's obvious how you ought to use this device.
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Og idéen her er, at det er indlysende hvordan du burde bruge dette apparat.
08:56
If you try to put more than one kid in,
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Hvis du forsøger at sætte mere end et barn i,
08:57
you're stacking them on top of each other.
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lægger du dem oven på hinanden.
08:59
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
09:00
So the idea here is we say, you want to make it hard to use wrong.
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Så idéen her er at gøre det svært at bruge det forkert.
09:04
In other words, you want to make the right way to use it
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Med andre ord, gør du den rigtige måde at bruge det på
09:06
the easiest way to use it.
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til den letteste måde at bruge det.
09:08
Another example: Again, silly mom.
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Et andet eksempel: Igen, fjollede mor.
09:11
Silly mom thinks her baby looks cold, wants to put a blanket over the baby.
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Fjollede mor mener sit barn ser koldt ud og ønsker at lægge et tæppe over babyen.
09:14
Well that's why we have lights above and below the baby in Firefly.
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Derfor har vi både lys ovenover og nedenunder babyen i Firefly.
09:17
So if mom does put a blanket over the baby,
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Så hvis moren lægger et tæppe over ungen,
09:20
it's still receiving effective phototherapy from below.
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modtager det stadig effektiv lysterapi nedefra.
09:23
Last story here:
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Sidste historie her:
09:25
I've got a friend in India who told me
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Jeg har en ven i Indien, som fortalte mig
09:27
that you haven't really tested a piece of electronic technology
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at du virkelig ikke har testet et stykke elektronisk teknologi
09:30
for distribution in Asia
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til salg i Asien
09:32
until you've trained a cockroach to climb in
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før du har trænet en kakerlak til at kravle ind
09:35
and pee on every single little component on the inside.
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og tisse på hver enkelt lille komponent indeni.
09:37
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
09:38
You think it's funny.
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I synes det er sjovt.
09:40
I had a laptop in the Peace Corps,
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Jeg havde en bærbar computer i fredskorpset,
09:42
and the screen had all these dead pixels on it.
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og skærmen havde alle disse døde pixels.
09:45
And one day I looked in, they were all dead ants
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Og én dag jeg kiggede ind, var de alle døde myrer
09:47
that had gotten into my laptop and perished --
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der havde kommet ind min bærbare computer og omkommet--
09:49
those poor ants!
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disse stakkels myrer!
09:51
So with Firefly, what we did is --
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Så med Firefly, gjorde vi følgende--
09:54
the problem is electronics get hot
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problemet er elektronik bliver varmt
09:56
and you have to put in vents or fans to keep them cool --
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og du skal placere i ventilationskanaler eller blæsere til at holde dem kolde
09:59
in most products.
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i de fleste produkter.
10:00
We decided that I can't put a "do not enter" sign next to the vent.
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Man kan ikke sætte et "Adgang forbudt" skilt uden for ventilationsåbningen.
10:04
We actually got rid of all of that stuff.
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Vi slap af med at dette.
10:06
So Firefly's totally sealed.
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Så Firefly er helt lukket.
10:08
These are the kinds of lessons --
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Disse er de lektier--
10:10
as awkward as it was to be a pretty goofy teenager,
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så akavet som det var at være en fjoget teenager,
10:12
much worse to be a frustrated designer.
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desto værre er det at være en frustreret designer.
10:15
So I was thinking about, what I really want to do is change the world.
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Så jeg tænkte at hvis jeg virkelig vil ændre verden.
10:18
I have to pay attention to manufacturing and distribution.
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Så skulle jeg være opmærksom på produktion og distribution.
10:20
I have to pay attention to how people are actually going to use a device.
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Jeg skal være opmærksom på hvordan folk faktisk vil bruge et apparat.
10:24
I actually have to pay attention. Really, there's no excuse for failure.
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Det skal jeg virkelig være opmærksom på. Der er virkelig ingen undskyldning for fiasko.
10:28
I have to think like an existentialist.
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Jeg skal tænke som en eksistentialist.
10:29
I have to accept that there are no dumb users,
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Jeg må acceptere, er der ingen dumme brugere
10:31
that there's only dumb products.
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at er der kun dumme produkter.
10:33
We have to ask ourselves hard questions.
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Vi skal stille os de svære spørgsmål.
10:35
Are we designing for the world that we want?
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Designer vi for den verden, vi ønsker?
10:39
Are we designing for the world that we have?
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Designer vi for den verden, vi har?
10:41
Are we designing for the world that's coming,
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Designer vi for den verden, der kommer,
10:43
whether we're ready or not?
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hvorvidt vi klar eller ej?
10:44
I got into this business designing products.
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Jeg gik ind i denne produktdesignbranche.
10:48
I've since learned that if you really want to make a difference in the world,
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Jeg har siden lært, at hvis du virkelig ønsker at gøre en forskel i verden,
10:51
you have to design outcomes.
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Så skal du designe for resultater.
10:53
And that's design that matters.
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Og det er design som gør en forskel.
10:55
Thank you.
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Tak.
10:56
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Timothy Prestero - DesignerTimothy Prestero loves a flashy "concept car." But in his own work, he aims to design products for social impact, keeping users in mind.
Why you should listen
Timothy Prestero is the founder and CEO of Design that Matters, a nonprofit that collaborates with social entrepreneurs and volunteers to design products for the poor in developing countries. A former Peace Corps volunteer and MIT graduate, Tim has worked in West Africa, Latin America and Asia. He is a Martin Fellow at the MIT Laboratory for Energy and the Environment, a Draper Richards Kaplan Fellow, and was named an Ashoka Affiliate in 2004. His awards include the 2007 Social Venture Network Innovation Award, and the 2009 World Technology Award. This year, Design That Matters was named the winner of the National Design Award in Corporate and Institutional Achievement.
Tim and his team made a splash when they created the NeoNurture Infant Incubator, named one of TIME Magazine's "50 Best Inventions of 2010." However, the product wasn't a hit with manufacturers or with hospitals in developing countries and forever remained a prototype. Design That Matters learned an important lesson from the experience -- that good design must keep in mind who will procure equipment, who will be using it, as well as the myriad ways it could be used incorrectly. As Timothy says, "There's no such thing as a dumb user; there are only dumb products.
Timothy Prestero | Speaker | TED.com