TEDWomen 2010
Jacqueline Novogratz: Inspiring a life of immersion
Jacqueline Novogratz: Mengobarkan Semangat Kehidupan Penuh Keterlibatan.
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Masing-masing kita ingin memiliki kehidupan yang bermakna, di manakah kita harus mulai? Melalui ceramah brilian yang menjangkau permasalahan luas ini, Jacqueline Novograt memperkenalkan kita kepada orang-orang yang ditemui melalui keterlibatannya dalam program "modal pasien" – orang-orang yang menerjunkan dirinya secara total pada suatu program, komunitas, gerakan keadilan. Kisah mereka menjadi rangkaian peristiwa yang penuh inspirasi.
Jacqueline Novogratz - Investor and advocate for moral leadership
Jacqueline Novogratz works to enable human flourishing. Her organization, Acumen, invests in people, companies and ideas that see capital and networks as means, not ends, to solving the toughest issues of poverty. Full bio
Jacqueline Novogratz works to enable human flourishing. Her organization, Acumen, invests in people, companies and ideas that see capital and networks as means, not ends, to solving the toughest issues of poverty. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I've been spending a lot of time
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Saya menghabiskan banyak waktu
00:17
traveling around the world these days,
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berkeliling dunia,
00:19
talking to groups of students and professionals,
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berceramah di depan kelompok mahasiswa dan profesional.
00:22
and everywhere I'm finding that I hear similar themes.
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Di manapun berada, saya dihadapkan pada tema yang senada.
00:25
On the one hand, people say,
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Di satu pihak, mereka bilang,
00:27
"The time for change is now."
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“Ini saatnya melakukan perubahan.”
00:29
They want to be part of it.
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Mereka ingin jadi bagian dari perubahan.
00:31
They talk about wanting lives of purpose and greater meaning.
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Mereka menginginkan kehidupan yang terarah dan lebih bermakna.
00:34
But on the other hand,
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Tapi di lain pihak,
00:36
I hear people talking about fear,
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saya mendengar ungkapan rasa takut,
00:38
a sense of risk-aversion.
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keraguan atau keengganan mereka.
00:40
They say, "I really want to follow a life of purpose,
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Mereka bilang, “Saya ingin menjalani kehidupan yang bermakna,
00:42
but I don't know where to start.
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tapi bingung harus mulai dari mana.
00:44
I don't want to disappoint my family or friends."
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Saya tidak mau mengecewakan keluarga dan sahabat saya.”
00:47
I work in global poverty.
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Saya bekerja di bidang kemiskinan global.
00:49
And they say, "I want to work in global poverty,
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Mereka bilang, “Saya juga ingin bekerja di bidang yang sama,
00:51
but what will it mean about my career?
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tapi bagaimana pengaruhnya buat karier saya?
00:53
Will I be marginalized?
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Bisa-bisa saya dianggap lain?
00:55
Will I not make enough money?
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Apakah saya akan berkecukupan?
00:57
Will I never get married or have children?"
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Apakah nantinya saya bisa menikah dan punya anak?”
00:59
And as a woman who didn't get married until I was a lot older --
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Sebagai seorang wanita yang hidup melajang cukup lama --
01:02
and I'm glad I waited --
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untung saya tidak buru-buru menikah –
01:04
(Laughter)
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(Gelak tawa)
01:06
-- and has no children,
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-- dan tidak punya anak,
01:08
I look at these young people
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saya menatap anak-anak muda ini
01:10
and I say, "Your job is not to be perfect.
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dan berkata, “Kalian tak perlu harus sempurna.
01:12
Your job is only to be human.
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Cukuplah jadi manusia normal.
01:14
And nothing important happens in life
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Untuk meraih keberhasilan dalam hidup
01:17
without a cost."
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diperlukan pengorbanan.”
01:20
These conversations really reflect what's happening
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Percakapan seperti ini merupakan refleksi yang terjadi
01:22
at the national and international level.
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di tingkat nasional maupun internasional.
01:24
Our leaders and ourselves
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Para pemimpin negara, dan kita semua,
01:26
want everything,
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menginginkan banyak hal,
01:28
but we don't talk about the costs.
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tapi enggan bicara soal upaya,
01:30
We don't talk about the sacrifice.
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dan pengorbanan.
01:33
One of my favorite quotes from literature
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Salah satu kutipan favorit saya dari karya sastra
01:35
was written by Tillie Olsen,
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yang ditulis oleh Tillie Olsen,
01:37
the great American writer from the South.
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pengarang Amerika terkemuka dari daerah Selatan.
01:39
In a short story called "Oh Yes,"
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Dalam sebuah cerpen berjudul “Oh Yes”,
01:42
she talks about a white woman in the 1950s
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dia bercerita tentang wanita kulit putih di era 1950-an
01:44
who has a daughter
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yang memiliki seorang putri
01:46
who befriends a little African American girl,
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yang bersahabat dengan anak kecil berkulit hitam.
01:49
and she looks at her child with a sense of pride,
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Olsen sangat bangga akan putrinya,
01:52
but she also wonders,
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tetapi dia juga bertanya-tanya,
01:54
what price will she pay?
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apakah kiranya pengorbanan yang harus dibayar putrinya?
01:56
"Better immersion
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"Hidup yang penuh keterlibatan pastinya lebih baik
01:58
than to live untouched."
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ketimbang hidup tanpa saling mengenal.”
02:00
But the real question is,
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Pertanyaan sesungguhnya,
02:02
what is the cost of not daring?
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berapakah nilai sebuah ketakutan?
02:04
What is the cost of not trying?
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Berapakah harga keenganan untuk mencoba?
02:07
I've been so privileged in my life
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Saya sungguh beruntung
02:09
to know extraordinary leaders
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bisa mengenal banyak pemimpin yang luar biasa,
02:11
who have chosen to live lives of immersion.
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yang memilih untuk menghayati kehidupan yang penuh keterlibatan.
02:14
One woman I knew who was a fellow
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Seorang rekan wanita yang saya kenal
02:16
at a program that I ran at the Rockefeller Foundation
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melalui program yang saya pimpin di Rockefellar Foundation
02:18
was named Ingrid Washinawatok.
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bernama Ingrid Washinawatok.
02:20
She was a leader of the Menominee tribe,
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Dia pemuka suku Menominee,
02:23
a Native American peoples.
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suku asli Amerika.
02:25
And when we would gather as fellows,
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Saat kami berkumpul bersama,
02:27
she would push us to think about
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Ingrid suka mendesak kami berpikir
02:30
how the elders in Native American culture
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sebagaimana para tetua suku asli Amerika
02:33
make decisions.
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mengambil keputusan.
02:35
And she said they would literally visualize
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Dia bilang mereka akan membayangkan
02:37
the faces of children
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wajah anak-anak mereka,
02:39
for seven generations into the future,
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sampai tujuh generasi berikutnya,
02:41
looking at them from the Earth,
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menatap mereka dari bumi.
02:44
and they would look at them, holding them as stewards
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Mereka memandang wajah-wajah ini, menjadikannya pemandu
02:46
for that future.
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ke sebuah masa depan.
02:48
Ingrid understood that we are connected to each other,
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Ingrid menyadari bahwa kita semua saling terkait satu dengan lainnya,
02:50
not only as human beings,
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tidak hanya sebagai manusia,
02:52
but to every living thing on the planet.
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tetapi sebagai makhluk hidup di atas bumi ini.
02:55
And tragically, in 1999,
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Tragisnya, di tahun 1999
02:57
when she was in Colombia
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saat dia berada di Columbia
02:59
working with the U'wa people,
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bekerja dengan kelompok U’wa
03:01
focused on preserving their culture and language,
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untuk melestarikan budaya dan bahasa mereka,
03:04
she and two colleagues were abducted
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Ingrid dan dua koleganya diculik,
03:06
and tortured and killed by the FARC.
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disiksa dan dibunuh oleh FARC.
03:10
And whenever we would gather the fellows after that,
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Setelah itu, setiap kali kami berkumpul dengan sesama rekan kerja,
03:13
we would leave a chair empty for her spirit.
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kami sisakan sebuah kursi kosong buat roh Ingrid.
03:16
And more than a decade later,
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Lebih dari 10 tahun setelahnya,
03:19
when I talk to NGO fellows,
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dalam pertemuan dengan rekan-rekan LSM,
03:21
whether in Trenton, New Jersey or the office of the White House,
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baik di Trenton, New Jersey atau di kantor kepresidenan,
03:24
and we talk about Ingrid,
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bila kami berbicara tentang Ingrid,
03:27
they all say that they're trying to integrate her wisdom
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mereka tegaskan bahwa mereka berusaha untuk memadukan kebijakan
03:29
and her spirit
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dan semangat Ingrid
03:31
and really build on the unfulfilled work
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serta berusaha meneruskan misi hidup Ingrid
03:34
of her life's mission.
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yang tak sempat dia tuntaskan.
03:36
And when we think about legacy,
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Kalau kita bicara soal warisan,
03:38
I can think of no more powerful one,
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inilah peningggalan Ingrid yang paling berguna,
03:40
despite how short her life was.
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dari penggalan hidupnya yang singkat.
03:44
And I've been touched by Cambodian women --
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Pengalaman hidup saya berikutnya bersinggungan dengan
03:46
beautiful women,
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wanita ayu dari negeri Kamboja,
03:48
women who held the tradition of the classical dance in Cambodia.
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para wanita yang mempertahankan tradisi tari klasik negeri mereka.
03:51
And I met them in the early '90s.
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Saya berjumpa kelompok ini di awal 90-an.
03:54
In the 1970s, under the Pol Pot regime,
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Di era 1970-an, di bawah rezim Pol Pot,
03:56
the Khmer Rouge killed over a million people,
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Khmer Merah membunuh jutaan orang.
03:59
and they focused and targeted the elites and the intellectuals,
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Fokus dan sasaran mereka, menumpas golongan elit dan cendekiawan,
04:02
the artists, the dancers.
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para seniman, dan penari.
04:04
And at the end of the war,
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Di akhir masa perang,
04:06
there were only 30 of these classical dancers still living.
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hanya ada 30 penari klasik yang hidup.
04:09
And the women, who I was so privileged to meet
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Saya beruntung bisa bertemu
04:12
when there were three survivors,
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dengan tiga orang yang selamat.
04:14
told these stories about lying in their cots
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Mereka menceritakan saat mereka berbaring di atas dipan
04:16
in the refugee camps.
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di kemah pengungsian.
04:18
They said they would try so hard
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Mereka berusaha keras
04:20
to remember the fragments of the dance,
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mengingat penggalan-penggalan tarian tersebut,
04:23
hoping that others were alive and doing the same.
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berharap penari lainnya yang selamat dan melakukan hal yang sama.
04:26
And one woman stood there with this perfect carriage,
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Seorang wanita berdiri dalam posisi siaga,
04:29
her hands at her side,
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kedua tangannya lurus di sampingnya,
04:31
and she talked about
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dia bercerita tentang
04:33
the reunion of the 30 after the war
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reuni 30 wanita penari tersebut setelah perang,
04:35
and how extraordinary it was.
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betapa luar biasanya peristiwa tersebut, katanya.
04:37
And these big tears fell down her face,
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Air matanya deras berlinang,
04:39
but she never lifted her hands to move them.
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tak sejenak pun tangannya berubah posisi.
04:42
And the women decided that they would train
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Mereka berikrar bahwa mereka akan melatih,
04:45
not the next generation of girls, because they had grown too old already,
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bukan lagi generasi anak mereka sebab mereka sudah kelewat dewasa,
04:48
but the next generation.
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melainkan generasi cucu mereka.
04:50
And I sat there in the studio
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Saya sempat mampir ke studio mereka,
04:52
watching these women clapping their hands --
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menyaksikan para wanita ini bertepuk tangan --
04:54
beautiful rhythms --
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dalam irama yang indah –
04:56
as these little fairy pixies
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selagi para bidadari kecil itu
04:58
were dancing around them,
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menari di antara mereka,
05:00
wearing these beautiful silk colors.
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dengan pakaian sutra berwarna-warni.
05:02
And I thought, after all this atrocity,
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Saya berpikir, setelah mengalami semua kekejaman,
05:05
this is how human beings really pray.
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seperti inilah kiranya manusia berdoa.
05:08
Because they're focused on honoring
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Dengan khusyuk mereka memberikan penghormatan
05:11
what is most beautiful about our past
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pada keagungan masa lalu
05:14
and building it into
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dan menjadikannya fondasi
05:16
the promise of our future.
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bagi sebuah masa depan.
05:18
And what these women understood
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Apa yang mereka hayati
05:20
is sometimes the most important things that we do
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terkadang merupakan hal terpenting yang bisa kita lakukan
05:22
and that we spend our time on
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kita mestinya bisa meluangkan waktu
05:24
are those things that we cannot measure.
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untuk menghayati hal-hal yang tak ternilai harganya.
05:28
I also have been touched
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Pengalaman saya yang lain
05:30
by the dark side of power and leadership.
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menyaksikan buruknya cengkeraman kekuasaan.
05:33
And I have learned that power,
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Saya sadar bahwa kekuasaan,
05:35
particularly in its absolute form,
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terutama yang mutlak,
05:37
is an equal opportunity provider.
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bisa memberikan peluang yang sama.
05:40
In 1986, I moved to Rwanda,
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Di 1986, saya pindah ke Rwanda,
05:42
and I worked with a very small group of Rwandan women
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bekerja dengan sekelompok kecil wanita Rwanda
05:45
to start that country's first microfinance bank.
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memulai bank mikro di negara itu.
05:47
And one of the women was Agnes --
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Salah satu dari wanita tersebut Agnes --
05:50
there on your extreme left --
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dari kelompok ekstrim kiri --
05:52
she was one of the first three
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satu dari tiga wanita pertama
05:54
women parliamentarians in Rwanda,
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anggota parlemen di Rwanda.
05:56
and her legacy should have been
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Agnes bisa dianggap sebagai salah satu
05:58
to be one of the mothers of Rwanda.
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ibu negeri Rwanda.
06:01
We built this institution based on social justice,
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Kami membangun institusi ini berdasarkan prinsip keadilan social,
06:03
gender equity,
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kesamarataan gender --
06:05
this idea of empowering women.
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memberdayakan kaum wanita.
06:09
But Agnes cared more about the trappings of power
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Tapi rupanya, Agnes lebih tertarik pada perangkap kekuasaan
06:12
than she did principle at the end.
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ketimbang mempertahankan prinsipnya.
06:14
And though she had been part of building a liberal party,
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Meskipun dia terlibat dalam pembentukan partai liberal,
06:17
a political party
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partai politik
06:19
that was focused on diversity and tolerance,
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yang berpijak pada kebhinekaan dan toleransi,
06:22
about three months before the genocide, she switched parties
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kira-kira tiga bulan sebelum genosida, dia berpindah haluan
06:24
and joined the extremist party, Hutu Power,
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dan bergabung dengan partai garis keras, Hutu Power.
06:27
and she became the Minister of Justice
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Agnes menjadi Menteri Kehakiman
06:29
under the genocide regime
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di bawah rezim genosida,
06:31
and was known for inciting men to kill faster
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dikenal sebagai figur yang meng-iming2i pasukan buat membunuh gaya cepat
06:34
and stop behaving like women.
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dan tidak berlagak macam wanita.
06:36
She was convicted
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Ia dihukum
06:38
of category one crimes of genocide.
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atas dasar kekejaman genosida kategori satu.
06:41
And I would visit her in the prisons,
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Saya datang menjenguknya di penjara,
06:44
sitting side-by-side, knees touching,
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duduk bersebelahan dengannya, lutut kami bersinggungan,
06:47
and I would have to admit to myself
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saya menyadari
06:49
that monsters exist in all of us,
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bahwa setan itu ada dalam setiap pribadi manusia.
06:52
but that maybe it's not monsters so much,
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Maaf, mungkin bukan setan,
06:54
but the broken parts of ourselves,
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melainkan penggalan pribadi kita,
06:57
sadnesses, secret shame,
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runtunan kesedihan, lembaran hitam hidup kita,
07:00
and that ultimately it's easy for demagogues
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yang akhirnya membuat kita mudah terjerat pengaruh buruk
07:03
to prey on those parts,
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yang mengintai.
07:05
those fragments, if you will,
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yang membuat kita
07:07
and to make us look at other beings, human beings,
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tersedot ajakan makhluk lain, manusia lain,
07:10
as lesser than ourselves --
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yang jauh lebih rendah akhlaknya dari kita –
07:13
and in the extreme, to do terrible things.
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dan kitapun secara ekstrim lalu melakukan hal yang biadab.
07:16
And there is no group
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Dan kelompok yang
07:18
more vulnerable to those kinds of manipulations
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paling rapuh dan mudah termanipulasi
07:21
than young men.
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adalah kalangan muda.
07:23
I've heard it said that the most dangerous animal on the planet
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Konon mereka yang paling mampu menjadi manusia biadab di atas bumi ini
07:26
is the adolescent male.
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adalah kalangan remaja lelaki.
07:28
And so in a gathering
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Makanya, dalam pertemuan
07:30
where we're focused on women,
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yang membahas masalah wanita --
07:32
while it is so critical that we invest in our girls
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selain pentingnya mencurahkan perhatian pada remaja perempuan,
07:35
and we even the playing field
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memberikan peluang yang sama dan
07:37
and we find ways to honor them,
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mencari cara untuk menghargai upaya mereka --
07:40
we have to remember that the girls and the women
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perlu juga diingat bahwa para wanita dan remaja perempuan
07:43
are most isolated and violated
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sangatlah terisolasi, tak dihargai,
07:45
and victimized and made invisible
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dikorbankan dan dianggap kasat mata
07:47
in those very societies
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di dalam masyarakat
07:49
where our men and our boys
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di mana kaum lelakinya
07:51
feel disempowered,
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tidak berdaya dan
07:53
unable to provide.
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tak maupun memberikan nafkah.
07:55
And that, when they sit on those street corners
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Saat mereka duduk-duduk di sudut jalan,
07:58
and all they can think of in the future
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membayangkan masa depan
08:00
is no job, no education,
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sebagai pengangguran, tanpa pendidikan,
08:02
no possibility,
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tanpa peluang,
08:04
well then it's easy to understand
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maka bisalah dimaklumi bagaimana
08:06
how the greatest source of status
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sumber utama status sosial mereka
08:08
can come from a uniform
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datang dari seragam
08:10
and a gun.
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dan senjata.
08:12
Sometimes very small investments
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Terkadang investasi yang kecil sekalipun
08:14
can release enormous, infinite potential
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bisa memicu potensi yang luar biasa
08:16
that exists in all of us.
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dan tanpa batas.
08:18
One of the Acumen Fund fellows at my organization,
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Salah satu rekan dari organisasi Acumen Fund,
08:20
Suraj Sudhakar,
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Suraj Sudhakar,
08:22
has what we call moral imagination --
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mempunyai imajinasi moral –
08:25
the ability to put yourself in another person's shoes
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kemampuan menempatkan diri dalam posisi orang lain
08:27
and lead from that perspective.
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lalu memimpin dari perspektif tersebut.
08:29
And he's been working with this young group of men
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Suraj bekerja bersama sekelompok lelaki
08:33
who come from the largest slum in the world, Kibera.
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yang berasal dari daerah kumuh paling luas di dunia, Kibera.
08:36
And they're incredible guys.
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Kelompok ini luar biasa sekali.
08:38
And together they started a book club
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Mereka memulai kelompok membaca buku
08:40
for a hundred people in the slums,
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untuk 100 penghuni daerah kumuh ini,
08:42
and they're reading many TED authors and liking it.
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dan mereka membaca buku para pengarang TED yang sangat mereka nikmati.
08:45
And then they created a business plan competition.
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Setelah itu mereka mengadakan kompetisi perencanaan bisnis.
08:48
Then they decided that they would do TEDx's.
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Mereka putuskan untuk mengadakan program TEDx.
08:51
And I have learned so much
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Bukan main hal-hal yang saya pelajari
08:53
from Chris and Kevin
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dari Chris, Kevin,
08:55
and Alex and Herbert
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Alex dan Herbert
08:57
and all of these young men.
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dan anak-anak muda lainnya.
08:59
Alex, in some ways, said it best.
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Dengan jitunya Alex mengungkapkan
09:01
He said, "We used to feel like nobodies,
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“Dulu kami merasa bukan siapa-siapa,
09:03
but now we feel like somebodies."
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sekarang kami merasa jadi orang.”
09:05
And I think we have it all wrong
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Keliru kalau kita menganggap
09:07
when we think that income is the link.
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bahwa nafkah adalah kuncinya.
09:09
What we really yearn for as human beings
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Sebagai manusia, kita mendambakan
09:11
is to be visible to each other.
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eksistensi diri di mata orang lain.
09:14
And the reason these young guys
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Kaum muda ini mengatakan pada saya
09:16
told me that they're doing these TEDx's
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bahwa alasan kenapa mereka membuat program TEDx
09:18
is because they were sick and tired
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karena mereka muak dan bosan
09:20
of the only workshops coming to the slums
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dicekoki dengan ceramah-ceramah
09:23
being those workshops focused on HIV,
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soal HIV atau
09:26
or at best, microfinance.
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ekonomi mikro semata.
09:28
And they wanted to celebrate
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Mereka lebih suka merayakan
09:30
what's beautiful about Kibera and Mathare --
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keindahan Kibera dan Mathare –
09:33
the photojournalists and the creatives,
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para jurnalis foto dan kaum kreatif,
09:35
the graffiti artists, the teachers and the entrepreneurs.
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seniman graffiti, para guru dan wirausahawan.
09:38
And they're doing it.
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Itulah yang mereka lakukan.
09:40
And my hat's off to you in Kibera.
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Salut buat Kibera.
09:43
My own work focuses
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Fokus kerja saya
09:45
on making philanthropy more effective
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ingin menjadikan kegiatan amal lebih efektif
09:48
and capitalism more inclusive.
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dan kapitalisme lebih inklusif.
09:51
At Acumen Fund, we take philanthropic resources
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Di Acumen Fund, kami mengumpulkan sumber dana amal
09:54
and we invest what we call patient capital --
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dan menginvestasikan apa yang kami sebut modal pasien --
09:56
money that will invest in entrepreneurs who see the poor
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dana ini diinvestasikan di kalangan wirausahawan yang tidak menganggap kalangan miskin,
09:59
not as passive recipients of charity,
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sebagai penadah pasif,
10:01
but as full-bodied agents of change
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melainkan sebagai agen-agen perubahan yang produktif
10:03
who want to solve their own problems
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yang bertekad untuk mengatasi masalah yang ada
10:05
and make their own decisions.
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dengan keputusan mereka sendiri.
10:07
We leave our money for 10 to 15 years,
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Dana tersebut boleh mereka pakai dan putar selama 10-15 tahun,
10:09
and when we get it back, we invest in other innovations
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lalu kami ambil kembali, dan investasikan lagi untuk inovasi lainnya
10:11
that focus on change.
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yang berfokus di seputar perubahan.
10:13
I know it works.
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Hasilnya nyata.
10:15
We've invested more than 50 million dollars in 50 companies,
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Kami sudah melakukan investasi senilai lebih dari 50 juta dolar di 50 perusahaan.
10:18
and those companies have brought another 200 million dollars
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Semua perusahaan ini telah menyalurkan 200 juta dolar lagi
10:21
into these forgotten markets.
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untuk kalangan yang terlupakan ini.
10:23
This year alone, they've delivered 40 million services
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Di tahun ini saja, mereka sudah menghadirkan 40 juta layanan,
10:26
like maternal health care and housing,
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seperti layanan kesehatan dan perumahan bagi para ibu,
10:28
emergency services, solar energy,
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layanan gawat darurat, energi matahari,
10:31
so that people can have more dignity
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sehingga mereka mampu mengatasi masalah kehidupan
10:33
in solving their problems.
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secara lebih bermartabat.
10:36
Patient capital is uncomfortable
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Program ini kurang cocok digunakan
10:38
for people searching for simple solutions,
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bagi mereka yang mencari solusi sederhana,
10:40
easy categories,
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kategori yang mudah,
10:42
because we don't see profit as a blunt instrument.
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sebab bagi kami laba bukanlah tujuannya semata.
10:45
But we find those entrepreneurs
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Kami bekerjasama dengan para wirausahawan
10:47
who put people and the planet
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yang menganggap manusia dan bumi ini lebih penting
10:49
before profit.
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ketimbang laba.
10:51
And ultimately, we want to be part of a movement
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Nantinya, kami ingin menjadi bagian sebuah gerakan
10:54
that is about measuring impact,
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yang bicara soal dampak yang bisa dirasakan,
10:56
measuring what is most important to us.
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mengukur apa yang kami anggap penting.
10:59
And my dream is we'll have a world one day
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Saya bercita-cita suatu hari nanti, dunia kami
11:02
where we don't just honor those who take money
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tak hanya mengutamakan mereka yang menerima dana
11:04
and make more money from it,
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dan yang mencari penghasilan darinya,
11:06
but we find those individuals who take our resources
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tapi sekaligus juga mencari individu yang menggunakan sumber dana tersebut
11:09
and convert it into changing the world
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dan mengubah wajah dunia
11:11
in the most positive ways.
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jadi lebih positif karenanya.
11:13
And it's only when we honor them
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Hanya dengan menghormati,
11:15
and celebrate them and give them status
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menghargai, dan mengakui status dan upaya mereka
11:17
that the world will really change.
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barulah dunia sungguh berubah.
11:20
Last May I had this extraordinary 24-hour period
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Mei lalu saya beruntung, selama 24 jam,
11:23
where I saw two visions of the world
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bisa menyaksikan dua sisi dunia
11:25
living side-by-side --
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yang hidup berdampingan --
11:27
one based on violence
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satunya berdasarkan kekerasan,
11:29
and the other on transcendence.
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yang berikutnya berdasarkan transendensi.
11:31
I happened to be in Lahore, Pakistan
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Saat itu saya berada di Lahore, Pakistan,
11:33
on the day that two mosques were attacked
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saat dua masjid hancur akibat ulah
11:35
by suicide bombers.
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pembom bunuh diri.
11:37
And the reason these mosques were attacked
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Alasan kenapa dua masjid ini menjadi sasaran
11:39
is because the people praying inside
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karena mereka yang bersembahyang di sana
11:41
were from a particular sect of Islam
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berasal dari golongan Islam tertentu
11:43
who fundamentalists don't believe are fully Muslim.
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yang dianggap kaum fundamentalis bukanlah Muslim sejati.
11:46
And not only did those suicide bombers
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Serangan bom bunuh diri
11:48
take a hundred lives,
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bukan hanya berakibat pada 100 nyawa yang terbunuh,
11:50
but they did more,
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tetapi berkelanjutan,
11:52
because they created more hatred, more rage, more fear
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karena menciptakan kebencian, kemarahan, ketakutan
11:55
and certainly despair.
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dan pastinya juga keputusasaan.
11:58
But less than 24 hours,
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Kurang dari 24 jam setelahnya,
12:00
I was 13 miles away from those mosques,
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saya berada 20 km dari kedua masjid tersebut,
12:03
visiting one of our Acumen investees,
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menemui salah satu penerima dana Acumen Fund,
12:05
an incredible man, Jawad Aslam,
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seorang pria yang luar biasa, Jawad Aslam namanya,
12:07
who dares to live a life of immersion.
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dia sangat menghayati kehidupan yang penuh keterlibatan.
12:10
Born and raised in Baltimore,
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Jawad lahir dan dibesarkan di Baltimore,
12:12
he studied real estate, worked in commercial real estate,
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belajar soal real estat, lalu bekerja di dunia real estat komersial,
12:15
and after 9/11 decided he was going to Pakistan to make a difference.
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setelah peristiwa 9/11 dia pulang ke Pakistan dan memutuskan untuk melakukan perubahan.
12:18
For two years, he hardly made any money, a tiny stipend,
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723000
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Selama dua tahun, Jawad hidup pas-pasan dengan imbalan kecil,
12:21
but he apprenticed with this incredible housing developer
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tapi ia magang dengan developer perumahan yang luar biasa ini,
12:24
named Tasneem Saddiqui.
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seorang pria yang bernama Tasneem Saddiqui.
12:27
And he had a dream that he would build a housing community
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Tasneem bercita-cita membangun lingkungan perumahan
12:29
on this barren piece of land
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di atas tanah gersang
12:31
using patient capital,
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menggunakan modal pasien,
12:33
but he continued to pay a price.
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Tasneem menghadapi banyak tantangan.
12:35
He stood on moral ground
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Ia berkeras
12:37
and refused to pay bribes.
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tak mau menyogok.
12:39
It took almost two years just to register the land.
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Diperlukan waktu hampir dua tahun untuk mendaftarkan tanah tersebut.
12:42
But I saw how the level of moral standard can rise
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Luar biasa sekali mengamati hasil
12:45
from one person's action.
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kemauan keras seseorang.
12:48
Today, 2,000 people live in 300 houses
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Sekarang, ada 2.000 orang yang tinggal dalam 300 rumah
12:51
in this beautiful community.
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di lingkungan ini.
12:53
And there's schools and clinics and shops.
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Ada beberapa sekolah, klinik dan toko.
12:56
But there's only one mosque.
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Tapi cuma ada satu masjid.
12:58
And so I asked Jawad,
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Saya bertanya pada Jawad
13:00
"How do you guys navigate? This is a really diverse community.
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“Bagaimana kalian mengatasi ini? Mereka yang tinggal di lingkungan ini sangat beragam.
13:03
Who gets to use the mosque on Fridays?"
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Siapa yang boleh menggunakan masjid ini tiap Jumat?”
13:05
He said, "Long story.
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Kata Jawad, “Panjang ceritanya.
13:07
It was hard, it was a difficult road,
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Cukup pelik prosesnya,
13:10
but ultimately the leaders of the community came together,
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tapi akhirnya para pemuka lingkungan berkumpul bersama,
13:13
realizing we only have each other.
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menyadari bahwa kami tak bisa bergantung pada siapa-siapa kecuali kami sendiri.
13:16
And we decided that we would elect
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Akhirnya kami setuju untuk memilih
13:18
the three most respected imams,
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tiga imam yang paling disegani,
13:20
and those imams would take turns,
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yang secara bergantian memimpin,
13:22
they would rotate who would say Friday prayer.
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sholat Jumat.
13:24
But the whole community,
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Dan seluruh komunitas,
13:26
all the different sects, including Shi'a and Sunni,
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apakah itu Syiah ataupun Sunni,
13:29
would sit together and pray."
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duduk berdampingan dan bersembayang bersama.”
13:32
We need that kind of moral leadership and courage
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Kepemimpinan dan keberanian seperti inilah
13:34
in our worlds.
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yang kita perlukan di dunia ini.
13:36
We face huge issues as a world --
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Sebagai masyarakat dunia, kita menghadapi banyak masalah besar --
13:39
the financial crisis,
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krisis keuangan,
13:41
global warming
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pemanasan global,
13:43
and this growing sense of fear and otherness.
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semakin berkembangnya kekhawatiran dan lain-lain.
13:46
And every day we have a choice.
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Tiap hari kita dihadapkan pada pilihan:
13:49
We can take the easier road,
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apakah kita mengambil jalan yang mudah,
13:51
the more cynical road,
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berdasarkan kesinisan hidup,
13:53
which is a road based on
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dan cita-cita masa lalu
13:55
sometimes dreams of a past that never really was,
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yang tak pernah kesampaian,
13:58
a fear of each other,
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dibumbui rasa takut,
14:01
distancing and blame.
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jarak dan saling tuduh,
14:03
Or we can take the much more difficult path
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atau bisa juga kita justru mengambil jalan yang tidak mudah,
14:06
of transformation, transcendence,
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yang memungkinkan terciptanya transformasi, transendensi,
14:08
compassion and love,
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rasa ingin menolong dan kasih sayang,
14:10
but also accountability and justice.
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sekaligus juga rasa bertanggung jawab dan keadilan.
14:14
I had the great honor
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Beruntung sekali
14:16
of working with the child psychologist Dr. Robert Coles,
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saya berkesempatan bekerja dengan Psikolog Anak, Dr. Robert Coles,
14:19
who stood up for change
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2000
seorang tokoh
14:21
during the Civil Rights movement in the United States.
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3000
Gerakan Hak Sipil di Amerika Serikat.
14:24
And he tells this incredible story
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2000
Dia menceritakan pengalaman luar biasa
14:26
about working with a little six-year-old girl named Ruby Bridges,
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tentang Ruby Bridges, anak kecil berusia enam tahun,
14:29
the first child to desegregate schools in the South --
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murid kulit hitam pertama di sekolah desegregasi di selatan Amerika –
14:32
in this case, New Orleans.
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2000
New Orleans.
14:34
And he said that every day
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2000
Setiap hari, kata dia,
14:36
this six-year-old, dressed in her beautiful dress,
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dengan pakaian yang cantik,
14:38
would walk with real grace
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Ruby berjalan dengan anggun
14:40
through a phalanx of white people
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3000
melalui serentetan orang-orang kulit putih
14:43
screaming angrily, calling her a monster,
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2000
yang berteriak dengan kasar, menyebutnya setan,
14:45
threatening to poison her --
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mengancam akan meracuninya –
14:47
distorted faces.
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wajah yang sungguh menakutkan.
14:49
And every day he would watch her,
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Setiap hari pula, Dr. Coles menyaksikan
14:51
and it looked like she was talking to the people.
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2000
sepertinya Ruby berbicara kepada orang-orang itu.
14:53
And he would say, "Ruby, what are you saying?"
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Dia bertanya, “Ruby, apa yang kamu katakan pada mereka?”
14:55
And she'd say, "I'm not talking."
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Ruby menjawab, “Saya tidak mengatakan apa-apa.”
14:57
And finally he said, "Ruby, I see that you're talking.
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2000
Dia bertanya lagi, “Ruby, saya bisa lihat kamu mengatakan sesuatu.
14:59
What are you saying?"
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Apa yang kamu katakan?”
15:01
And she said, "Dr. Coles, I am not talking;
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Ruby pun menjawab “Dr. Coles, saya tidak berkata apa-apa,
15:03
I'm praying."
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2000
saya berdoa.”
15:05
And he said, "Well, what are you praying?"
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Dr. Coles bertanya lagi “Berdoa apa, Ruby?”
15:08
And she said, "I'm praying, 'Father, forgive them,
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Dan Ruby menjawab “Saya berdoa: Bapa, ampunilah mereka
15:10
for they know not what they are doing.'"
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sebab mereka tak tahu apa yang mereka perbuat.”
15:13
At age six,
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Di usianya yang enam tahun,
15:15
this child was living a life of immersion,
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3000
gadis kecil ini hidup dalam penuh keterlibatan,
15:18
and her family paid a price for it.
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2000
dan keluarganya harus berkorban untuknya.
15:20
But she became part of history
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Tapi Ruby menjadi bagian dari sejarah
15:22
and opened up this idea
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dan mempelopori sebuah pemikiran
15:24
that all of us should have access to education.
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bahwa setiap manusia berhak mengemban pendidikan.
15:29
My final story is about a young, beautiful man
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Cerita berikutnya tentang seorang anak muda
15:31
named Josephat Byaruhanga,
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bernama Josephat Byaruhanga,
15:33
who was another Acumen Fund fellow,
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salah satu rekan kerja Acumen Fund
15:35
who hails from Uganda, a farming community.
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yang berasal dari komunitas petani di Uganda.
15:38
And we placed him in a company in Western Kenya,
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Josephat ditempatkan di Kenya Barat,
15:41
just 200 miles away.
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sekitar 320 km dari Uganda.
15:43
And he said to me at the end of his year,
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Di akhir masa baktinya, Josephat mengatakan pada saya
15:46
"Jacqueline, it was so humbling,
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“Jacqueline, saya merasa sangat kecil,
15:48
because I thought as a farmer and as an African
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sebagai petani dan orang Afrika, saya pikir
15:51
I would understand how to transcend culture.
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saya paham soal lintas budaya.
15:53
But especially when I was talking to the African women,
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Terlebih-lebih saat berbicara dengan para wanita Afrika,
15:56
I sometimes made these mistakes --
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saya terkadang membuat kesalahan berikut ini –
15:58
it was so hard for me to learn how to listen."
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betapa sulitnya saya belajar menjadi pendengar sejati.”
16:00
And he said, "So I conclude that, in many ways,
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“Alhasil, saya berkesimpulan bahwa
16:02
leadership is like a panicle of rice.
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kepemimpinan itu ibarat rumpun padi.
16:05
Because at the height of the season,
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Di puncak musimnya, di masa
16:07
at the height of its powers,
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ia tumbuh dan masih muda,
16:09
it's beautiful, it's green, it nourishes the world,
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alangkah cantik dan hijaunya, memberikan makanan buat dunia
16:12
it reaches to the heavens."
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dan kokoh berdiri."
16:14
And he said, "But right before the harvest,
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Dan tambahnya, "Tetapi pas sebelum dituai,
16:17
it bends over
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rumpun padi ini membungkuk,
16:19
with great gratitude and humility
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bersyukur dalam kerendahan hati,
16:21
to touch the earth from where it came."
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dan mencium bumi tempat mereka berasal.”
16:25
We need leaders.
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Kita perlu banyak pemimpin.
16:27
We ourselves need to lead
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Kita perlu memimpin
16:30
from a place that has the audacity
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dari sudut keberanian
16:32
to believe we can, ourselves,
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dan keyakinan bahwa kita mampu
16:34
extend the fundamental assumption
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menghidupkan asumsi mendasar
16:36
that all men are created equal
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bahwa manusia punya hak yang sama di muka bumi ini
16:39
to every man, woman and child on this planet.
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baik laki-laki, perempuan maupun anak-anak.
16:42
And we need to have the humility to recognize
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Kita perlu memiliki kerendahan hati untuk mengakui
16:45
that we cannot do it alone.
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bahwa kita tak mampu bertindak sendiri.
16:48
Robert Kennedy once said
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Robert Kennedy pernah berkata
16:50
that "few of us have the greatness to bend history itself,
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“beberapa dari kita berkemampuan mengubah sejarah,
16:53
but each of us can work
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tapi masing-masing kita juga bisa berperan
16:56
to change a small portion of events."
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mengubah sebagian kecil dari peritiwa tersebut.
16:59
And it is in the total of all those acts
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Melalui rangkaian peristiwa-peristiwa kecil itulah
17:02
that the history of this generation will be written.
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nantinya sejarah generasi ini dituliskan.”
17:05
Our lives are so short,
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Hidup begitu singkatnya,
17:08
and our time on this planet
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dan keberadaan kita di atas bumi ini
17:10
is so precious,
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sangatlah berharga,
17:12
and all we have is each other.
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sesama kita adalah harta yang kita punya.
17:15
So may each of you
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Semoga Anda semua
17:17
live lives of immersion.
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menghayati arti kehidupan yang penuh keterlibatan.
17:20
They won't necessarily be easy lives,
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Tidak mudah memang,
17:23
but in the end, it is all that will sustain us.
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tapi nantinya, itulah yang akan mempertahankan keberadaan kita.
17:27
Thank you.
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Terima kasih.
17:29
(Applause)
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(Tepukan tangan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jacqueline Novogratz - Investor and advocate for moral leadershipJacqueline Novogratz works to enable human flourishing. Her organization, Acumen, invests in people, companies and ideas that see capital and networks as means, not ends, to solving the toughest issues of poverty.
Why you should listen
Jacqueline Novogratz writes: "I want to build a movement in which we define success based on the amount of human energy we release in the world.
"I started my career on Wall Street and soon discovered that markets are efficient, but by themselves they too often overlook or exploit the poor. So I moved to Rwanda in 1986 to help found the country’s first micro-finance bank. There I saw the humanitarian ethos of philanthropy, and also how often top-down solutions too often create dependency, the opposite of dignity. Through 30 years of working on solutions to poverty, I have come to redefine it for myself, seeing it not as how much income a person earns, but how free they are to make their own choices and decisions, how much agency they have over their own lives.
Acumen was founded to change the way the world tackles poverty in 2001. Our mission was simple – to raise philanthropy and invest it as patient capital – long-term investment in intrepid entrepreneurs willing to go where markets and government had failed the poor. We enable companies to experiment and fail, never wavering from a commitment to stand with the poor, yet understanding that profitability is necessary for sustainable solutions. We’ve invested more than $110M across South Asia, Africa, Latin America and the US, and have seen entire sectors disrupted and hundreds of millions served.
The work also taught that it was critical to invest in talent. To date, we’ve supported nearly 400 Acumen Fellows across lines of race, class, ethnicity, religion and ideology. They are a beautiful group, full of vision and grit, and a determination to do what is right, not easy. The group itself enables individual leaders to endure the loneliness that is part of the work.
And then we measure what matters rather than just what we can count. Take this all together and you see our mission to do what it takes to build a world in which all of us have the chance to dream and to flourish, not from a place of easy sentimentality but through a commitment to using the tools of capitalism and the attributes of moral leadership to focus on doing what it takes, and no less.
Jacqueline Novogratz | Speaker | TED.com