David Sedlak: 4 ways we can avoid a catastrophic drought
David Sedlak: 4 cara menghindari bencana kekeringan
David Sedlak’s research focuses the long-term goal of developing cost-effective, safe and sustainable systems to manage water resources. Full bio
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created an amazing system
menciptakan sistem menakjubkan berupa
that made it possible
where there wasn't a lot of water.
dimana tidak banyak air tersedia.
Las Vegas dan Phoenix
of Las Vegas and Phoenix
yang sangat kering.
in a really dry place.
we literally spent trillions of dollars
kita telah menghabiskan trilyunan dolar
to get water to our cities.
yang menyalurkan air bersih ke perkotaan.
it was a great investment.
ini adalah investasi yang sangat bagus.
we've seen the combined effects
kita sudah melihat dampak dari
and competition for water resources
dan persaingan sumber air
and water resources.
sumber vital kehidupan dan sumber air ini.
in the lake level of Lake Mead
ketinggian air di Danau Mead
intakes for Las Vegas high and dry.
menuju Las Vegas menjadi kering.
perkembangan ini,
saluran pipa air minum yang baru
a new drinking water intake structure
of the greater depths of the lake.
yang lebih dalam.
with providing water to a modern city
untuk sebuah kota modern
to the American Southwest.
di wilayah selatan Amerika.
city in Australia, Brisbane,
di Australia, Brisbane,
untuk 6 bulan.
of running out of water.
di São Paulo, Brazil,
in São Paulo, Brazil,
completely full in 2010,
the 2016 Summer Olympics.
Olimpiade Musim Panas 2016.
tinggal di salah satu kota besar dunia,
of the world's great cities,
the effects of a catastrophic drought.
dampak bencana kekeringan.
about the navy showers we have to take.
mandi singkat a la pelaut.
our dirty cars and our brown lawns.
dan pekarangan kering pada tetangga kita.
the prospect of turning on the tap
dari keran air kita.
have gotten bad in the past,
di masa lalu,
to expand a reservoir
sumur bawah Tanah.
of the water resources are spoken for,
to rely on this tried and true way
mengandalkan cara lama
to solve the urban water problem
menyelesaikan masalah air perkotaan
di sekitarnya.
with political, legal and social dangers.
secara politik, hukum dan sosial.
the water from our rural neighbors,
air dari pedesaan,
the problem to someone else
ke tempat lain,
it will come back and bite us
that already rely upon that water.
yang bergantung pada air itu.
to solve our urban water crisis
untuk menyelesaikan krisis air perkotaan,
four new local sources of water
empat sumber air lokal baru
in these new sources of water
pada sumber air baru ini
masalah air di perkotaan
that we'll ever run across
dampak bencana kekeringan.
without a supply of imported water,
tanpa pasokan air dari luar,
as an unrealistic and uninformed dreamer.
sebagai pemimpi yang tak realistis.
bekerja di beberapa kota dunia
water-starved cities in the last decades
selama beberapa dekade terakhir,
the technologies and the management skills
kemampuan teknologi & manajemen
from imported water,
to tell you about tonight.
malam ini.
supply that we need to develop
yang perlu kita kembangkan
that falls in our cities.
yang turun di kota kita.
of urban development
dalam perkembangan kota
with concrete and asphalt.
dengan beton dan aspal.
we had to build storm sewers
saluran drainase
that fell on the cities out
yang turun di kota
of a vital water resource.
sumber air yang penting.
the volume of water
yang dapat ditampung di kota San Jose
in the city of San Jose
that fell within the city limits.
yang turun di wilayah kota mereka.
of the blue line and the black dotted line
garis biru & garis hitam putus-putus
of the water that fell within the city,
setengah air hujan yang turun di kota itu
to get them through an entire year.
yang cukup untuk setahun penuh.
are probably thinking.
is to start building great big tanks
membuat tangki-tangki besar
to the downspouts of our roof gutters,
pipa talang air di atap rumah
that might work in some places.
beberapa tempat.
dimana hujan banyak turun di musim dingin
where it mainly rains in the winter time
is in the summertime,
di musim panas,
to solve a water problem.
untuk menyelesaikan masalah air.
of a multiyear drought,
kekeringan bertahun-tahun
that's big enough to solve your problem.
untuk memecahkan masalah itu.
the rainwater that falls in our cities,
yang turun di kota kita,
and let it percolate into the ground.
dan membiarkannya meresap ke dalam tanah.
on top of a natural water storage system
di atas sistem penyimpanan air alami
huge volumes of water.
Los Angeles has obtained
persediaan air dari akuifer besar
from a massive aquifer
Lembah San Fernando.
that comes off of your roof
air yang jatuh dari atap rumah,
and flows down the gutter,
"Apa saya mau minum air itu?"
"Do I really want to drink that stuff?"
you don't want to drink it
kecuali air tersebut telah diolah.
dalam menampung air kota adalah
in urban water harvesting
dan meresapkannya ke bawah tanah.
what the city of Los Angeles is doing
kota Los Angeles
in Burbank, California.
kerjakan di Burbank, California.
taman genangan air yang mereka buat
the stormwater park that they're building
collection systems, or storm sewers,
sistem penampungan air hujan dan drainase,
into an abandoned gravel quarry.
ke bekas tambang kerikil.
disalurkan perlahan
through a man-made wetland,
into that ball field there
ke lapangan bundar di sebelah sana
aquifer of the city.
of passing through the wetland
dan merembes ke dalam tanah,
that live on the surfaces of the plants
yang hidup di permukaan tanaman
still not clean enough to drink
setelah melalui proses alami ini,
this natural treatment process,
dari akuifer bawah tanah
of the groundwater aquifers
penduduk untuk diminum.
to solve our urban water problem
untuk menyelesaikan masalah air perkotaan
pabrik pengolahan air limbah.
of our sewage treatment plants.
with the concept of recycled water.
konsep air daur ulang.
and the highway median
semak dan jalur tengah pembatas jalan tol
pabrik pengolahan air limbah.
in a sewage treatment plant.
for a couple of decades now.
selama puluhan tahun.
from our experience
expensive that we expected it to be.
dari yang kami bayangkan.
sistem air daur ulang pertama
the first few water recycling systems
pengolahan air limbah,
and longer pipe networks
pipa yang lebih panjang
in terms of cost.
karena biayanya mahal.
dan praktis untuk mendaur ulang air limbah
and practical way of recycling wastewater
air limbah olahan menjadi air minum
into drinking water
we pressurize the water
memberi tekanan pada air
a reverse osmosis membrane:
sebuah membran osmosis balik,
berpori yang tipis
to pass through
garam, virus, dan bahan kimia organik
the viruses and the organic chemicals
memasukkan sedikit hidrogen peroksida
dengan sinar ultra violet.
menjadi dua bagian
cleaves the hydrogen peroxide
hydroxyl radicals,
bentuk oksigen yang sangat ampuh
are very potent forms of oxygen
through this two-stage process,
dengan menggunakan semua teknik pengukuran
known to modern science
dalam 15 tahun terakhir.
yang bisa lolos pada proses tahap pertama.
the first step in the process,
to the taken-for-granted water supplies
dengan pasokan air 'terjamin'
that we recently built
buatan yang baru kami bangun
in Southern California.
di Selatan California.
dari satu bagian sungai Santa Ana,
from a part of the Santa Ana River
almost entirely of wastewater effluent
hampir dipenuhi air limbah
and San Bernardino.
dan San Bernardino.
into our treatment wetland,
lahan basah pengolahan kami,
yang mengurai bahan kimia organik,
the organic chemicals,
and inactivate the waterborne pathogens.
menonaktifkan patogen dalam air.
in the Santa Ana River,
ke sungai Santa Ana,
and percolated into the ground,
diresapkan ke dalam tanah,
of the city of Anaheim,
from the sewers of Riverside County
dari selokan Riverside County
untuk Orange County.
of Orange County.
that this idea of drinking wastewater
bahwa ide untuk meminum air limbah
or not commonly done.
atau bukan hal yang lumrah.
about 40 billion gallons a year
40 milyar galon air limbah per tahun
advanced treatment process
pengolahan mutakhir
the supply of about a million people
bagi sekitar satu juta orang
satu-satunya.
will not be a tap at all,
sama sekali bukan keran,
that we manage to do.
yang sedang kami upayakan.
about water conservation is outdoors
untuk konservasi air adalah tempat terbuka
modern Amerika lainnya,
and other modern American cities,
happens outdoors.
terjadi di ruang terbuka.
rumput dan tanaman bisa bertahan hidup
and our plants survive
to start painting concrete green
menjadi hijau,
and buying cactuses.
dan membeli kaktus.
memiliki tata ruang hijau dan ramah
landscaping with soil moisture detectors
pendeteksi kelembaban tanah
green landscapes in our cities.
that we need to open up
yang perlu kita buka
adalah dengan air laut desalinasi.
people say about seawater desalination.
Anda dengar tentang desalinasi air laut.
lots of oil, not a lot of water
perubahan iklim."
no matter how you slice it.
itu padat energi.
of seawater desalination
seperti ini
is hopelessly out of date.
in seawater desalination
pada desalinasi air laut
in the Western hemisphere
terbesar di wilayah Barat
di utara San Diego.
north of San Diego.
desalination plant
Santa Barbara 25 years ago,
25 tahun lalu,
will use about half the energy
energy setengahnya
has become less energy-intensive,
sekarang memerlukan lebih sedikit energi,
desalination plants everywhere.
kilang desalinasi dimana-mana.
dan berpotensi merusak lingkungan.
a local water supply.
from our reliance on imported water.
ketergantungan air dari luar.
our surfaces and our properties,
tata ruang dan bangunan,
pengunaan air di ruang terbuka,
by about 50 percent,
cadangan air sebanyak 25%.
the water supply by 25 percent.
that makes it into the sewer,
dari saluran drainase,
cadangan air hingga 40%.
our water supply by 40 percent.
through a combination
dan desalinasi air laut.
and seawater desalination.
untuk berbagai tantangan
to withstand any of the challenges
di tahun-tahun mendatang.
in the coming years.
yang menggunakan sumber lokal
that uses local sources
in the environment for fish and for food.
untuk ikan, tanaman dan ternak.
consistent with out environmental values.
yang konsisten dengan nilai lingkungan.
and our grandchildren
anak dan cucu kita.
yang harus mereka jaga di masa depan
take care of in the future
untuk membuat sistem pengairan yang baru.
to create a new kind of water system.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Sedlak - Civil and environmental engineerDavid Sedlak’s research focuses the long-term goal of developing cost-effective, safe and sustainable systems to manage water resources.
Why you should listen
Author, Professor and Director of the Institute for Environmental Science and Engineering at UC Berkeley, David Sedlak has developed cost-effective, safe and sustainable systems to manage water resources. He is particularly interested in the development of local sources of water, and his research has addressed water reuse–the practice of using municipal wastewater effluent to sustain aquatic ecosystems and augment drinking water supplies as well as the treatment and use of urban runoff to contaminated groundwater from contaminated industrial sites as water supplies.
In recent years, Sedlak's research on the fate of wastewater-derived contaminants has received considerable attention. He began this research in 1996 when he developed simple methods for measuring steroid hormones in wastewater. Since that time, he and his students have studied the fate of hormones, pharmaceuticals, toxic disinfection byproducts and other chemicals. His research team has also studied approaches for remediating contaminated soil and groundwater by in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) and advanced oxidation processes.
He also is the author of Water 4.0, a book that examines the ways in which we can gain insight into current water issues by understanding the history of urban water systems.
David Sedlak | Speaker | TED.com