David Sedlak: 4 ways we can avoid a catastrophic drought
데이빗 세들락 (David Sedlak): 끔찍한 가뭄을 피할 수 있는 4가지 방법
David Sedlak’s research focuses the long-term goal of developing cost-effective, safe and sustainable systems to manage water resources. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
created an amazing system
물이 많지 않은 곳에서도
that made it possible
운하나 저수지같은
where there wasn't a lot of water.
of Las Vegas and Phoenix
물을 공급할 수 있게 되었습니다.
in a really dry place.
we literally spent trillions of dollars
수 조 달러(수 천조 원)을
to get water to our cities.
인프라를 짓는 데 사용했습니다.
it was a great investment.
좋은 투자였죠.
we've seen the combined effects
우리는 기후변화와 인구증가,
and competition for water resources
오는 모든 영향이
and water resources.
위협하는 걸 보아왔습니다.
in the lake level of Lake Mead
미드 호수의 수위 변화를 보여줍니다.
intakes for Las Vegas high and dry.
가뭄을 겪을 수 있는 상황이었습니다.
a new drinking water intake structure
식수를 끌어올리기 위한
of the greater depths of the lake.
with providing water to a modern city
to the American Southwest.
주어진 게 아닙니다.
city in Australia, Brisbane,
큰 도시인 브리즈번은
of running out of water.
in São Paulo, Brazil,
일어나고 있습니다.
있던 시의 주 급수장이
completely full in 2010,
the 2016 Summer Olympics.
of the world's great cities,
사는 사람들은
the effects of a catastrophic drought.
겪어 본 적이 없습니다.
about the navy showers we have to take.
하는 것에 대해 불평하고
our dirty cars and our brown lawns.
메마른 마당 잔디를 보는 걸 좋아하지만
the prospect of turning on the tap
물이 나오지 않는 상황을
have gotten bad in the past,
to expand a reservoir
지하수를 더 파는 것이
of the water resources are spoken for,
주인이 있는 시대에는
to rely on this tried and true way
이 방식으로 물을 공급받는 것이
to solve the urban water problem
교외지역의 물을 가져오는 걸로
with political, legal and social dangers.
위험이 가득한 접근법입니다.
the water from our rural neighbors,
가져올 수 있다고 해도
the problem to someone else
넘기는 것과 다를 게 없어서
it will come back and bite us
그 물에 의존하고 있는 물속 생태계에
that already rely upon that water.
to solve our urban water crisis
해결하는 데 더 나은 방법은
four new local sources of water
새로운 현지 지역 수원(水源) 네 개를
in these new sources of water
that we'll ever run across
입을 가능성을 줄일 수도 있습니다.
without a supply of imported water,
않고도 존재할 수 있다고 말했다면
as an unrealistic and uninformed dreamer.
몽상가라고 무시했을 겁니다.
water-starved cities in the last decades
협업하면서 얻은 경험이
the technologies and the management skills
전환할 수 있는 기술과 경영능력을
from imported water,
to tell you about tonight.
말씀드리고 싶은 주제입니다.
supply that we need to develop
제일 먼저 개발해야 하는
that falls in our cities.
of urban development
가장 큰 비극 중 하나는
with concrete and asphalt.
아스팔트로 덮게 되었다는 겁니다.
we had to build storm sewers
우리는 도시에 내리는 빗물이
that fell on the cities out
of a vital water resource.
the volume of water
도시가 감당할 수 있는
in the city of San Jose
that fell within the city limits.
of the blue line and the black dotted line
교차되는 지점에서 볼 수 있듯이
of the water that fell within the city,
절반이라도 모을 수 있다면
to get them through an entire year.
충분한 물을 보유할 수 있습니다.
are probably thinking.
이런 생각을 하고 계실거에요.
is to start building great big tanks
집 지붕에 있는 빗물 홈통에
to the downspouts of our roof gutters,
that might work in some places.
where it mainly rains in the winter time
살고 있는데
is in the summertime,
여름에 집중되어 있다면
to solve a water problem.
비용 효율은 낮은 방법입니다.
of a multiyear drought,
겪고 있는 것처럼
that's big enough to solve your problem.
큰 빗물 탱크를 만들 수가 없습니다.
the rainwater that falls in our cities,
더 실용적인 방법이 있다고 생각합니다.
and let it percolate into the ground.
스며들게 하는 겁니다.
on top of a natural water storage system
저장할 수 있는 천연수 저장 시스템을
huge volumes of water.
Los Angeles has obtained
from a massive aquifer
지하수를 함유한 거대한 암반으로부터
that comes off of your roof
잔디밭으로 흘러가
and flows down the gutter,
"Do I really want to drink that stuff?"
하는 생각이 들 수도 있습니다.
you don't want to drink it
거치기 전에는
in urban water harvesting
우리가 직면한 과제는
what the city of Los Angeles is doing
지금 하고 있는 것입니다.
in Burbank, California.
새로운 프로젝트로 짓고있죠.
the stormwater park that they're building
또는 빗물 배수구를 연결하고
collection systems, or storm sewers,
보내는 방식으로
into an abandoned gravel quarry.
through a man-made wetland,
into that ball field there
aquifer of the city.
of passing through the wetland
that live on the surfaces of the plants
still not clean enough to drink
this natural treatment process,
of the groundwater aquifers
to solve our urban water problem
개설해야 하는 두 번째 수도꼭지는
of our sewage treatment plants.
with the concept of recycled water.
개념에 대해 알고 계실겁니다.
and the highway median
in a sewage treatment plant.
있을 겁니다.
for a couple of decades now.
from our experience
깨닫고 있는 것은
expensive that we expected it to be.
훨씬 더 돈이 많이 든다는 겁니다.
the first few water recycling systems
물 재활용 시스템을
and longer pipe networks
점점 더 긴 배관망을
in terms of cost.
and practical way of recycling wastewater
좀 더 경제적이고 실용적인 방법은
into drinking water
we pressurize the water
a reverse osmosis membrane:
to pass through
염분과 바이러스,
the viruses and the organic chemicals
cleaves the hydrogen peroxide
수산화 라디칼(OH)이라 불리는
hydroxyl radicals,
are very potent forms of oxygen
대부분의 유기화학물질을 분해하는
through this two-stage process,
known to modern science
지난 15년간 물 재활용에 대해
the first step in the process,
몇 개 발견했지만
거의 볼 수 없었습니다.
to the taken-for-granted water supplies
평상시에 항상 마시는 물과는
that we recently built
공학적으로 설계된 처리시설 습지입니다.
in Southern California.
산타 아나 강에 있죠.
from a part of the Santa Ana River
일부로부터 물을 받는데
almost entirely of wastewater effluent
샌 버너디노같은 도시에서
and San Bernardino.
into our treatment wetland,
the organic chemicals,
영양물질을 제거하고
and inactivate the waterborne pathogens.
in the Santa Ana River,
and percolated into the ground,
땅 속으로 스며들게 됩니다.
of the city of Anaheim,
from the sewers of Riverside County
오렌지 카운티의 식수원으로의
of Orange County.
that this idea of drinking wastewater
흔히 사용되지 않거나
or not commonly done.
생각하실 수도 있습니다.
about 40 billion gallons a year
제가 말씀드렸던
advanced treatment process
378.5억 리터의 물을
the supply of about a million people
백만 명의 사람에게
will not be a tap at all,
전혀 수도꼭지가 아닙니다.
that we manage to do.
about water conservation is outdoors
장소는 실외입니다.
and other modern American cities,
현대의 미국 도시에서는
happens outdoors.
실외에서 사용되기 때문입니다.
and our plants survive
to start painting concrete green
잔디를 심고 인조 잔디를 깔고
and buying cactuses.
landscaping with soil moisture detectors
지능적 관개 제어기로
green landscapes in our cities.
우리 도시에 만들 수 있습니다.
that we need to open up
해결하기 위해 개설해야 하는
people say about seawater desalination.
말하는 걸 들어본 적 있으시겠죠.
lots of oil, not a lot of water
기후 변화에 대해 신경을 안 쓴다면
no matter how you slice it.
에너지를 많이 소모합니다.
of seawater desalination
재고할 가치가 없는 걸로 특징 짓는 건
is hopelessly out of date.
in seawater desalination
해수담수화에서 큰 진전을
in the Western hemisphere
north of San Diego.
해수담수화 시설입니다.
desalination plant
Santa Barbara 25 years ago,
will use about half the energy
물을 생산하는 데 드는
has become less energy-intensive,
덜 소모하게 되었다고 해서
desalination plants everywhere.
짓기 시작해야 한다는 건 아닙니다.
a local water supply.
선택일 겁니다.
from our reliance on imported water.
의존하지 않을 수 있습니다.
our surfaces and our properties,
설치하는 방식을 바꿈으로써
by about 50 percent,
절반으로 줄여서
the water supply by 25 percent.
that makes it into the sewer,
재활용함으로써
our water supply by 40 percent.
through a combination
해수담수화를 결합함으로써
and seawater desalination.
to withstand any of the challenges
in the coming years.
that uses local sources
물고기와 음식을 위한 환경에
in the environment for fish and for food.
물 공급원을 만듭시다.
consistent with out environmental values.
상통하는 수자원 시스템을 만듭시다.
and our grandchildren
손자 손녀들을 위해 합시다.
take care of in the future
시스템이라고 말해줍시다.
to create a new kind of water system.
만들 마지막 기회니까요.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Sedlak - Civil and environmental engineerDavid Sedlak’s research focuses the long-term goal of developing cost-effective, safe and sustainable systems to manage water resources.
Why you should listen
Author, Professor and Director of the Institute for Environmental Science and Engineering at UC Berkeley, David Sedlak has developed cost-effective, safe and sustainable systems to manage water resources. He is particularly interested in the development of local sources of water, and his research has addressed water reuse–the practice of using municipal wastewater effluent to sustain aquatic ecosystems and augment drinking water supplies as well as the treatment and use of urban runoff to contaminated groundwater from contaminated industrial sites as water supplies.
In recent years, Sedlak's research on the fate of wastewater-derived contaminants has received considerable attention. He began this research in 1996 when he developed simple methods for measuring steroid hormones in wastewater. Since that time, he and his students have studied the fate of hormones, pharmaceuticals, toxic disinfection byproducts and other chemicals. His research team has also studied approaches for remediating contaminated soil and groundwater by in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) and advanced oxidation processes.
He also is the author of Water 4.0, a book that examines the ways in which we can gain insight into current water issues by understanding the history of urban water systems.
David Sedlak | Speaker | TED.com