TED2016
Sue Desmond-Hellmann: A smarter, more precise way to think about public health
Su Dezmond-Helman (Sue Desmond-Hellmann): Pametniji, precizniji način za razmišljanje o javnom zdravlju
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Su Dezmond-Helman koristi precizno javno zdravlje - pristup koji objedinjuje velike podatke, praćenje potrošača, sekvenciranje gena i druge inovativne alatke - da bi rešila najteže medicinske probleme sveta. Već je pomogao da se gotovo upola smanji prenošenje HIV virusa sa majki na bebe u Podsaharskoj Africi, a sada se koristi radi bavljenja alarmantnim stopama mortaliteta širom sveta. Cilj je spasiti živote donošenjem pravih intervencija pravim populacijama u pravo vreme.
Sue Desmond-Hellmann - CEO, Gates Foundation
Sue Desmond-Hellmann leads the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s mission to establish equity for every person. Full bio
Sue Desmond-Hellmann leads the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s mission to establish equity for every person. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:14
OK, first, some introductions.
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U redu, najpre, malo uvoda.
00:17
My mom, Jennie, took this picture.
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Moja mama, Dženi, je uslikala ovu sliku.
00:21
That's my dad, Frank, in the middle.
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To je moj tata, Frenk, u sredini.
00:24
And on his left, my sisters:
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Sa njegove leve strane su moje sestre:
00:26
Mary Catherine, Judith Ann,
Theresa Marie.
Theresa Marie.
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Meri Ketrin, Džudit En i Tereza Mari.
00:30
John Patrick's sitting on his lap
and Kevin Michael's on his right.
and Kevin Michael's on his right.
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Džon Patrik sedi u njegovom krilu,
a Kevin Majkl je desno od njega.
a Kevin Majkl je desno od njega.
00:35
And in the pale-blue windbreaker,
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A u svetlo plavoj vetrovci,
00:38
Susan Diane. Me.
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Suzan Dajana. Ja.
00:41
I loved growing up in a big family.
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Volela sam odrastanje u velikoj porodici.
00:45
And one of my favorite things
was picking names.
was picking names.
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Jedna od omiljenih stvari
bila mi je biranje imena.
bila mi je biranje imena.
00:49
But by the time child
number seven came along,
number seven came along,
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Međutim, do trenutka
kada je došlo sedmo dete,
kada je došlo sedmo dete,
00:53
we had nearly run out of middle names.
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gotovo da nam je ponestalo srednjih imena.
Dugo je trajalo razmatranje
00:57
It was a long deliberation
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00:58
before we finally settled
on Jennifer Bridget.
on Jennifer Bridget.
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dok se nismo konačno složili
oko Dženifer Bridžet.
oko Dženifer Bridžet.
01:04
Every parent in this audience
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Svakom roditelju u ovoj publici
01:07
knows the joy and excitement
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poznata je radost i uzbuđenje
01:09
of picking a new baby's name.
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odabira imena za novorođenu bebu.
01:12
And I was excited and thrilled
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Bila sam uzbuđena i ushićena
01:14
to help my mom in that special
ceremonial moment.
ceremonial moment.
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što pomažem mami
u tom posebnom svečanom momentu.
u tom posebnom svečanom momentu.
01:19
But it's not like that everywhere.
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Ipak, nije tako svuda.
01:23
I travel a lot and I see a lot.
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Mnogo putujem i vidim dosta toga.
01:26
But it took me by surprise to learn
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Iznenadilo me je saznanje
01:29
in an area of Ethiopia,
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da u oblasti Etiopije
01:31
parents delay picking the names
for their new babies
for their new babies
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roditelji odlažu biranje imena
za svoje novorođene bebe
za svoje novorođene bebe
01:35
by a month or more.
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mesec dana ili više.
01:37
Why delay?
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Zašto odlagati?
01:40
Why not take advantage
of this special ceremonial time?
of this special ceremonial time?
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Zašto ne iskoristiti
ovaj poseban svečani trenutak?
ovaj poseban svečani trenutak?
01:44
Well, they delay because they're afraid.
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Pa, odlažu jer se boje.
01:48
They're afraid their baby will die.
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Boje se da će njihova beba umreti,
01:51
And this loss might be a little more
bearable without a name.
bearable without a name.
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a taj gubitak bi mogao biti
malo podnošljiviji bez imena.
malo podnošljiviji bez imena.
01:57
A face without a name might help them feel
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Lice bez imena moglo bi pomoći da se osete
02:01
just a little less attached.
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malčice manje vezano.
Dakle, evo nas u jednom delu sveta -
02:05
So here we are in one part of the world --
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02:07
a time of joy, excitement,
dreaming of the future of that child --
dreaming of the future of that child --
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vreme radosti, uzbuđenja,
sanjarenja o budućnosti deteta -
sanjarenja o budućnosti deteta -
dok su u drugom svetu
02:12
while in another world,
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02:15
parents are filled with dread,
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roditelji ispunjeni strahom
02:18
not daring to dream
of a future for their child
of a future for their child
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i ne usuđuju se da sanjaju
o budućnosti svog deteta
o budućnosti svog deteta
02:21
beyond a few precious weeks.
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izvan nekoliko dragocenih nedelja.
02:24
How can that be?
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Kako to?
02:27
How can it be that 2.6 million babies
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Kako to da 2,6 miliona beba
02:32
die around the world
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širom sveta umre
02:34
before they're even one month old?
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čak i pre nego što napune mesec dana;
02:37
2.6 million.
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2,6 miliona.
02:41
That's the population of Vancouver.
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To je stanovništvo Vankuvera.
02:44
And the shocking thing is:
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Šokantno je to što -
02:47
Why?
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zašto?
02:48
In too many cases, we simply don't know.
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U previše slučajeva, jednostavno ne znamo.
02:53
Now, I remember recently seeing
an updated pie chart.
an updated pie chart.
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Sećam se da sam nedavno videla
ažurirani kružni grafikon.
ažurirani kružni grafikon.
Taj kružni grafikon je imao naziv
02:57
And the pie chart was labeled,
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02:59
"Causes of death in children
under five worldwide."
under five worldwide."
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„Uzroci smrti dece
ispod pet godina širom sveta.“
ispod pet godina širom sveta.“
03:03
And there was a pretty big section
of that pie chart, about 40 percent --
of that pie chart, about 40 percent --
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Tu je bio prilično veliki deo
kružnog grafikona, oko 40 procenata -
kružnog grafikona, oko 40 procenata -
03:07
40 percent was labeled "neonatal."
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40 procenata je označeno kao „neonatalni“.
03:12
Now, "neonatal" is not a cause of death.
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„Neonatalni“ nije uzrok smrti.
03:14
Neonatal is simply an adjective,
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Neonatalni je jednostavno pridev,
03:17
an adjective that means that the child
is less than one month old.
is less than one month old.
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pridev koji znači da je dete
ima manje od mesec dana.
ima manje od mesec dana.
03:23
For me, "neonatal" said:
"We have no idea."
"We have no idea."
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Za mene, „neonatalni“ govori:
„Nemamo pojma.“
„Nemamo pojma.“
03:29
Now, I'm a scientist. I'm a doctor.
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E, sad, ja sam naučnik. Ja sam doktor.
03:31
I want to fix things.
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Želim da popravim stvari.
03:33
But you can't fix
what you can't define.
what you can't define.
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Međutim, ne možete popraviti
ono što ne možete definisati.
ono što ne možete definisati.
03:38
So our first step in restoring
the dreams of those parents
the dreams of those parents
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Stoga naš prvi korak
u obnavljanju snova tih roditelja
u obnavljanju snova tih roditelja
03:43
is to answer the question:
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predstavlja nalaženje odgovora na pitanje
03:45
Why are babies dying?
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zašto bebe umiru.
03:48
So today, I want to talk
about a new approach,
about a new approach,
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Zato danas želim da govorim
o novom pristupu,
o novom pristupu,
03:52
an approach that I feel
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o pristupu za koji smatram
03:54
will not only help us
know why babies are dying,
know why babies are dying,
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da će nam ne samo pomoći
da saznamo zašto bebe umiru,
da saznamo zašto bebe umiru,
03:59
but is beginning to completely transform
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već koji počinje da potpuno transformiše
04:02
the whole field of global health.
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čitavo polje globalnog zdravlja.
04:06
It's called "Precision Public Health."
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Naziva se „precizno javno zdravlje“.
04:10
For me, precision medicine comes
from a very special place.
from a very special place.
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Za mene, precizna medicina
proističe sa vrlo posebnog mesta.
proističe sa vrlo posebnog mesta.
04:16
I trained as a cancer doctor,
an oncologist.
an oncologist.
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Obrazovala sam se
kao lekar za rak, onkolog.
kao lekar za rak, onkolog.
04:20
I got into it because I wanted
to help people feel better.
to help people feel better.
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Ušla sam u to jer sam želela
da pomognem da ljudima bude bolje.
da pomognem da ljudima bude bolje.
04:24
But too often my treatments
made them feel worse.
made them feel worse.
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Međutim, previše često
im je od mojih tretmana bilo lošije.
im je od mojih tretmana bilo lošije.
04:29
I still remember young women
being driven to my clinic
being driven to my clinic
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Još se sećam mladih žena
koje su dovozile u moju kliniku
koje su dovozile u moju kliniku
04:34
by their moms --
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njihove mame,
04:36
adults, who had to be helped
into my exam room by their mothers.
into my exam room by their mothers.
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odraslih osoba kojima su majke morale
da pomažu da dođu do moje ordinacije.
da pomažu da dođu do moje ordinacije.
Bile su tako slabe
04:42
They were so weak
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04:43
from the treatment I had given them.
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od lečenja koje sam im pružila.
04:47
But at the time, in those front lines
in the war on cancer,
in the war on cancer,
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U to vreme, u tim prvim redovima
u ratu protiv raka,
u ratu protiv raka,
04:51
we had few tools.
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imali smo nekoliko sredstava.
04:54
And the tools we did have
couldn't differentiate
couldn't differentiate
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Sredstva koja smo imali
nisu mogla da razlikuju
nisu mogla da razlikuju
04:57
between the cancer cells
that we wanted to hit hard
that we wanted to hit hard
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ćelije raka koje smo hteli
da žestoko napadnemo
da žestoko napadnemo
05:01
and those healthy cells
that we wanted to preserve.
that we wanted to preserve.
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od zdravih ćelija
koje smo hteli da sačuvamo.
koje smo hteli da sačuvamo.
05:06
And so the side effects that you're
all very familiar with --
all very familiar with --
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Zato su nas nuspojave
sa kojima ste svi upoznati -
sa kojima ste svi upoznati -
05:09
hair loss, being sick to your stomach,
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gubitak kose, mučnine,
05:12
having a suppressed immune system,
so infection was a constant threat --
so infection was a constant threat --
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potisnut imuni sistem, tako da postoji
stalna pretnja od infekcije -
stalna pretnja od infekcije -
05:17
were always surrounding us.
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uvek okruživale.
05:20
And then I moved
to the biotechnology industry.
to the biotechnology industry.
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Zatim sam prešla
u industriju biotehnologije.
u industriju biotehnologije.
05:24
And I got to work on a new approach
for breast cancer patients
for breast cancer patients
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Dobila sam da radim na novom pristupu
za pacijente sa rakom dojke
za pacijente sa rakom dojke
05:28
that could do a better job
of telling the healthy cells
of telling the healthy cells
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koji bi mogao da bolje razlikuje
zdrave ćelije od nezdravih ćelija
ili ćelija raka.
ili ćelija raka.
05:33
from the unhealthy or cancer cells.
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05:36
It's a drug called Herceptin.
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To je lek pod imenom Herceptin.
05:39
And what Herceptin allowed us to do
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Herceptin nam je omogućio
05:42
is to precisely target
HER2-positive breast cancer,
HER2-positive breast cancer,
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da precizno naciljamo
HER2 pozitivni rak dojke,
HER2 pozitivni rak dojke,
05:49
at the time, the scariest
form of breast cancer.
form of breast cancer.
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što je u to vreme
bila najstrašnija vrsta raka dojke.
bila najstrašnija vrsta raka dojke.
05:52
And that precision let us
hit hard the cancer cells,
hit hard the cancer cells,
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Ta preciznost nam je dozvolila
da žestoko napadnemo ćelije raka,
da žestoko napadnemo ćelije raka,
05:56
while sparing and being more
gentle on the normal cells.
gentle on the normal cells.
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dok štedimo normalne ćelije
i nežniji smo prema njima.
i nežniji smo prema njima.
06:02
A huge breakthrough.
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Ogromno otkriće.
06:04
It felt like a miracle,
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Činilo se kao čudo,
06:07
so much so that today,
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toliko da danas
06:10
we're harnessing all those tools --
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koristimo sva ta sredstva -
06:13
big data, consumer monitoring,
gene sequencing and more --
gene sequencing and more --
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velike podatke, praćenje potrošača,
sekvenciranje gena i više od toga -
sekvenciranje gena i više od toga -
06:18
to tackle a broad variety of diseases.
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da bismo se bavili
širokim spektrom bolesti.
širokim spektrom bolesti.
06:23
That's allowing us to target individuals
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To nam omogućava
da ka pojedincima usmerimo
da ka pojedincima usmerimo
06:28
with the right remedies at the right time.
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prave lekove u pravo vreme.
06:32
Precision medicine
revolutionized cancer therapy.
revolutionized cancer therapy.
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Precizna medicina je napravila
revoluciju u lečenju raka.
revoluciju u lečenju raka.
06:37
Everything changed.
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Sve se promenilo
06:40
And I want everything to change again.
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i želim da se sve promeni ponovo.
06:44
So I've been asking myself:
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Stoga sam sebi postavila pitanje:
06:46
Why should we limit
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„Zašto bismo ograničili
06:48
this smarter, more precise,
better way to tackle diseases
better way to tackle diseases
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taj pametniji, precizniji i bolji način
za bavljenje bolestima
za bavljenje bolestima
na bogati svet?“
06:53
to the rich world?
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06:56
Now, don't misunderstand me --
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Nemojte me pogrešno razumeti -
06:57
I'm not talking about bringing
expensive medicines like Herceptin
expensive medicines like Herceptin
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ne govorim o donošenju skupih lekova
kao što je Herceptin
kao što je Herceptin
07:00
to the developing world,
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u zemlje u razvoju,
07:02
although I'd actually kind of like that.
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mada bih zapravo to i volela.
07:05
What I am talking about
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Ono o čemu govorim je premeštanje
07:07
is moving from this precise
targeting for individuals
targeting for individuals
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sa ovog preciznog ciljanja za pojedince
07:12
to tackle public health problems
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da bismo se pozabavili
problemima javnog zdravlja
problemima javnog zdravlja
07:14
in populations.
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u populacijama.
07:18
Now, OK, I know probably
you're thinking, "She's crazy.
you're thinking, "She's crazy.
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U redu, znam da verovatno mislite:
„Ona je luda. To ne može.
To je suviše ambiciozno.“
To je suviše ambiciozno.“
07:23
You can't do that. That's too ambitious."
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07:26
But here's the thing:
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Međutim, evo u čemu je stvar:
07:29
we're already doing this in a limited way,
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to već radimo na ograničen način
07:32
and it's already starting
to make a big difference.
to make a big difference.
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i to već ostavlja veliki trag.
07:36
So here's what's happening.
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Evo šta se dešava.
07:38
Now, I told you I trained
as a cancer doctor.
as a cancer doctor.
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Rekla sam vam da sam obučena
kao doktor za rak.
kao doktor za rak.
07:41
But like many, many doctors
who trained in San Francisco in the '80s,
who trained in San Francisco in the '80s,
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Međutim, kao i mnogi doktori
obrazovani u San Francisku '80-ih godina,
obrazovani u San Francisku '80-ih godina,
07:46
I also trained as an AIDS doctor.
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takođe sam obučena kao doktor za sidu.
07:49
It was a terrible time.
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Bilo je to užasno vreme.
07:51
AIDS was a death sentence.
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Sida je bila smrtna presuda.
07:54
All my patients died.
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Svi moji pacijenti su umrli.
07:57
Now, things are better,
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Sada su stvari bolje,
07:59
but HIV/AIDS remains
a terrible global challenge.
a terrible global challenge.
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ali sida ostaje užasan globalni izazov.
08:04
Worldwide, about 17 million women
are living with HIV.
are living with HIV.
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Širom sveta, oko 17 miliona žena
živi sa HIV virusom.
živi sa HIV virusom.
08:10
We know that when these women
become pregnant,
become pregnant,
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Znamo da, kada te žene zatrudne,
08:14
they can transfer the virus to their baby.
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mogu da prenesu virus na svoju bebu.
08:18
We also know in the absence of therapy,
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Takođe znamo da, u odsustvu terapije,
08:20
half those babies will not survive
until the age of two.
until the age of two.
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polovina tih beba
neće doživeti uzrast od dve godine.
neće doživeti uzrast od dve godine.
08:25
But we know that antiretroviral therapy
can virtually guarantee
can virtually guarantee
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No, znamo da antiretrovirusna terapija
može praktično da garantuje
može praktično da garantuje
08:30
that she will not transmit
the virus to the baby.
the virus to the baby.
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da neće preneti virus na bebu.
08:33
So what do we do?
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Pa, šta radimo?
08:35
Well, a one-size-fits-all approach,
kind of like that blast of chemo,
kind of like that blast of chemo,
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Pa, pristup koji bi odgovarao svima,
nekako poput tog udara hemoterapije,
nekako poput tog udara hemoterapije,
08:40
would mean we test and treat
every pregnant woman in the world.
every pregnant woman in the world.
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značio bi da testiramo i lečimo
svaku trudnicu na svetu.
svaku trudnicu na svetu.
08:43
That would do the job.
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To bi obavilo posao.
08:45
But it's just not practical.
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Međutim, to jednostavno nije praktično.
08:49
So instead, we target those areas
where HIV rates are the highest.
where HIV rates are the highest.
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Umesto toga, možemo ciljati one oblasti
gde su stope HIV virusa najviše.
gde su stope HIV virusa najviše.
08:55
We know in certain countries
in sub-Saharan Africa
in sub-Saharan Africa
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Znamo da u određenim zemljama
u Podsaharskoj Africi
u Podsaharskoj Africi
08:59
we can test and treat pregnant women
where rates are highest.
where rates are highest.
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možemo testirati i lečiti trudnice,
gde su stope najviše.
gde su stope najviše.
09:04
This precision approach
to a public health problem
to a public health problem
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Ovaj precizni pristup
problemu javnog zdravlja
problemu javnog zdravlja
09:07
has cut by nearly half
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skoro upola je smanjio
09:10
HIV transmission from mothers to baby
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prenošenje HIV virusa sa majki na bebu
09:13
in the last five years.
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u poslednjih pet godina.
09:15
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
Pregledi trudnih žena
u određenim oblastima zemalja u razvoju
u određenim oblastima zemalja u razvoju
09:20
Screening pregnant women
in certain areas in the developing world
in certain areas in the developing world
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09:26
is a powerful example
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predstavljaju snažan primer
09:29
of how precision public health
can change things on a big scale.
can change things on a big scale.
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toga kako precizno javno zdravlje
može da promeni stvari na širokom planu.
može da promeni stvari na širokom planu.
09:36
So ...
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Dakle...
09:38
How do we do that?
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Kako to da uradimo?
09:39
We can do that because we know.
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Možemo to da uradimo jer znamo.
09:41
We know who to target,
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Znamo koga da ciljamo,
09:44
what to target,
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šta da ciljamo,
09:45
where to target and how to target.
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gde da ciljamo i kako da ciljamo.
09:48
And that, for me, are the important
elements of precision public health:
elements of precision public health:
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To su, za mene, važni elementi
preciznog javnog zdravlja:
preciznog javnog zdravlja:
09:53
who, what, where and how.
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ko, šta, gde i kako.
09:57
But let's go back
to the 2.6 million babies
to the 2.6 million babies
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No, vratimo se na 2,6 miliona beba
koje umru pre nego što napune mesec dana.
10:01
who die before they're one month old.
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10:03
Here's the problem: we just don't know.
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Evo u čemu je problem -
jednostavno ne znamo.
jednostavno ne znamo.
10:06
It may seem unbelievable,
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Može delovati neverovatno,
10:09
but the way we figure out
the causes of infant mortality
the causes of infant mortality
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ali način na koji otkrivamo
uzroke mortaliteta novorođenčadi
uzroke mortaliteta novorođenčadi
10:14
in those countries
with the highest infant mortality
with the highest infant mortality
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u tim zemljama
sa najvećim mortalitetom novorođenčadi
sa najvećim mortalitetom novorođenčadi
10:17
is a conversation with mom.
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je kroz razgovor sa majkom.
10:19
A health worker asks a mom
who has just lost her child,
who has just lost her child,
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Zdravstveni radnik pita mamu
koja je upravo izgubila dete:
koja je upravo izgubila dete:
10:24
"Was the baby vomiting?
Did they have a fever?"
Did they have a fever?"
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„Da li je beba povraćala?
Da li je imala temperaturu?“
Da li je imala temperaturu?“
10:28
And that conversation may take place
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A taj razgovor se može odvijati
10:30
as long as three months
after the baby has died.
after the baby has died.
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čak i tri meseca nakon što je beba umrla.
10:34
Now, put yourself
in the shoes of that mom.
in the shoes of that mom.
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Stavite se sada u položaj te mame.
10:39
It's a heartbreaking,
excruciating conversation.
excruciating conversation.
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To je uznemirujući, bolan razgovor.
10:43
And even worse -- it's not that helpful,
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Što je još gore -
nije baš od naročite pomoći,
nije baš od naročite pomoći,
10:47
because we might know
there was a fever or vomiting,
there was a fever or vomiting,
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jer možemo znati da je bilo
temperature ili povraćanja,
temperature ili povraćanja,
10:50
but we don't know why.
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ali ne znamo zašto.
10:53
So in the absence of knowing
that knowledge,
that knowledge,
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U odsustvu saznanja o tome,
10:56
we cannot prevent that mom, that family,
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ne možemo sprečiti
da ta majka, ta porodica,
da ta majka, ta porodica,
10:59
or other families in that community
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ili druge porodice u toj zajednici
11:01
from suffering the same tragedy.
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pretrpe istu tragediju.
11:04
But what if we applied
a precision public health approach?
a precision public health approach?
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Međutim, šta ako bismo primenili
pristup preciznog javnog zdravlja?
pristup preciznog javnog zdravlja?
11:09
Let's say, for example,
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Recimo, na primer,
11:10
we find out in certain areas of Africa
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da otkrijemo
da u određenim oblastima u Africi
da u određenim oblastima u Africi
11:13
that babies are dying
because of a bacterial infection
because of a bacterial infection
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bebe umiru zbog bakterijske infekcije
11:17
transferred from the mother to the baby,
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koja se prenosi sa majke na bebu,
11:19
known as Group B streptococcus.
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poznate kao streptokoke grupe B.
11:22
In the absence of treatment,
mom has a seven times higher chance
mom has a seven times higher chance
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U odsustvu lečenja,
mama ima sedam puta veće izglede
mama ima sedam puta veće izglede
11:28
that her next baby will die.
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da će njena sledeća beba umreti.
11:32
Once we define the problem,
we can prevent that death
we can prevent that death
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Jednom kada definišemo problem,
možemo sprečiti tu smrt
možemo sprečiti tu smrt
11:36
with something as cheap
and safe as penicillin.
and safe as penicillin.
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nečim jeftinim i bezbednim
poput penicilina.
poput penicilina.
11:41
We can do that because then we'll know.
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Možemo to da uradimo jer tada znamo.
11:45
And that's the point:
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U tome je poenta -
11:46
once we know, we can bring
the right interventions
the right interventions
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kada saznamo,
možemo doneti prave intervencije
možemo doneti prave intervencije
11:50
to the right population
in the right places
in the right places
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u pravu populaciju na prava mesta
11:53
to save lives.
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da bismo spasili živote.
11:56
With this approach,
and with these interventions
and with these interventions
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Ovim pristupom, ovim intervencijama
12:00
and others like them,
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i drugim poput njih,
12:02
I have no doubt
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ne sumnjam
12:04
that a precision public health approach
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da pristup preciznog javnog zdravlja
12:07
can help our world achieve
our 15-year goal.
our 15-year goal.
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može pomoći da naš svet ostvari
naš petnaestogodišnji cilj.
naš petnaestogodišnji cilj.
12:11
And that would translate
into a million babies' lives saved
into a million babies' lives saved
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To se pretvara
u milion spasenih života beba
u milion spasenih života beba
12:15
every single year.
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svake godine.
12:18
One million babies every single year.
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Milion beba svake godine.
12:23
And why would we stop there?
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Zašto bismo tu stali?
12:26
A much more powerful approach
to public health --
to public health --
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Mnogo snažniji pristup javnom zdravlju -
12:29
imagine what might be possible.
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zamislite šta bi moglo biti moguće.
12:32
Why couldn't we more effectively
tackle malnutrition?
tackle malnutrition?
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Zašto se ne bismo
efikasnije bavili neuhranjenošću?
efikasnije bavili neuhranjenošću?
12:37
Why wouldn't we prevent
cervical cancer in women?
cervical cancer in women?
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Zašto ne bismo sprečili
rak grlića materice kod žena?
rak grlića materice kod žena?
12:42
And why not eradicate malaria?
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Zašto da ne iskorenimo malariju?
12:45
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
12:46
Yes, clap for that!
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Da, aplaudirajte tome!
12:47
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
12:51
So, you know, I live
in two different worlds,
in two different worlds,
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Znate, ja živim u dva različita sveta.
12:54
one world populated by scientists,
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Jedan svet nastanjuju naučnici,
12:58
and another world populated
by public health professionals.
by public health professionals.
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a drugi svet nastanjuju
profesionalci u oblasti javnog zdravlja.
profesionalci u oblasti javnog zdravlja.
13:03
The promise of precision public health
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Obećanje preciznog javnog zdravlja
13:05
is to bring these two worlds together.
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je da se spoje ta dva sveta.
13:08
But you know, we all live in two worlds:
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Međutim, znate, svi živimo u dva sveta -
13:13
the rich world and the poor world.
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bogatom i siromašnom svetu.
13:17
And what I'm most excited about
about precision public health
about precision public health
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Ono zbog čega sam najviše uzbuđena
u vezi sa preciznim javnim zdravljem
u vezi sa preciznim javnim zdravljem
13:21
is bridging these two worlds.
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je povezivanje ta dva sveta.
13:25
Every day in the rich world,
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Svakoga dana u bogatom svetu
13:28
we're bringing incredible
talent and tools --
talent and tools --
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donosimo neverovatne talente i sredstva -
13:31
everything at our disposal --
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sve što nam je na raspolaganju -
13:33
to precisely target diseases
in ways I never imagined
in ways I never imagined
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da bismo precizno naciljali bolesti
na načine za koje nikada nisam mislila
na načine za koje nikada nisam mislila
13:38
would be possible.
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da će biti mogući.
13:40
Surely, we can tap into
that kind of talent and tools
that kind of talent and tools
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Svakako, možemo da iskoristimo
takve talente i sredstva
takve talente i sredstva
13:45
to stop babies dying in the poor world.
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da zaustavimo umiranje beba
u siromašom svetu.
u siromašom svetu.
13:49
If we did,
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Ako bismo to učinili,
13:51
then every parent would have
the confidence
the confidence
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tada bi svaki roditelj imao pouzdanje
13:55
to name their child
the moment that child is born,
the moment that child is born,
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da dȃ ime svom detetu
onog trenutka kada se to dete rodi,
onog trenutka kada se to dete rodi,
14:00
daring to dream that that child's life
will be measured in decades,
will be measured in decades,
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usuđujući se da sanja
o tome da će se život tog deteta
o tome da će se život tog deteta
meriti decenijama, a ne danima.
14:06
not days.
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14:08
Thank you.
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Hvala.
(Aplauz)
14:09
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sue Desmond-Hellmann - CEO, Gates FoundationSue Desmond-Hellmann leads the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s mission to establish equity for every person.
Why you should listen
As CEO of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Sue Desmond-Hellmann leads the organization's vision for a world where every person has the opportunity to live a healthy, productive life. Drawing on her diverse experience as scientist, physician and business executive, she oversees a variety of missions focused on eradicating disease, poverty and inequity. She leads 1,400 people, across four continents, working in more than 100 countries to help more children and young people survive and thrive, combat infectious diseases that hit the poorest hardest, and empower people -- particularly women and girls -- to transform their lives.
Trained as an oncologist, Dr. Desmond-Hellmann spent 14 years at biotech firm Genentech, developing a number of breakthrough medicines, including two of the first gene-targeted therapies for cancer, Avastin and Herceptin. In November 2009, Forbes magazine named her one of the world's seven most "powerful innovators," calling her "a hero to legions of cancer patients." Her time at Genentech put her at the forefront of the precision medicine revolution, and in her current role she champions a similar approach to global development: precision public health -- getting the right interventions, to the right populations, in the right places, to save lives.
Immediately prior to joining the foundation in 2014, Dr. Desmond-Hellmann was the first female chancellor of the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), overseeing all aspects of the university and medical center's strategy and operations. It was her second stint at UCSF, having completed her clinical training there in the 1980s. She moved to Uganda in 1989 to work on HIV/AIDS and cancer, which she credits as a turning point in her career. "It was so profound to recognize ... that all the learning I had done to become a doctor didn't matter at all if I didn’t make a contribution," she said.
Dr. Desmond-Hellmann is the recipient of numerous honors and awards. She was listed among Fortune magazine's "50 most powerful women in business" for seven years. In 2010, she was inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and elected to the Institute of Medicine. She serves on the boards of directors at Facebook Inc. and the Procter & Gamble Company.
Sue Desmond-Hellmann | Speaker | TED.com