Kenneth Lacovara: Hunting for dinosaurs showed me our place in the universe
Kenneth Lacovara: Jakten på dinosaurier visade mig vår plats i universum
In his quest to understand the largest dinosaurs to have walked the Earth, Lacovara blends exploration with the latest imaging and modeling techniques from engineering to medicine. Full bio
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that all paleontologists use.
som alla paleontologer använder.
must be sedimentary rocks.
vara sedimentära.
must be naturally exposed.
vara naturligt exponerade.
and get yourself on the ground,
och kom ner på marken
that you will find fossils.
att du hittar fossil.
geological intervals.
vissa geologiska intervall.
rocks of the right age,
really old rocks of the Paleozoic --
riktigt gamla stenar från Paleozoikum-
och en kvarts miljard år gamla.
and a quarter-billion years old.
för där finns de inte.
you won't find them.
rocks of the Mesozoic,
från den mesozoiska eran,
of the right age at this point,
att hitta sten av rätt ålder,
are written in rocks,
geologists would rejoice.
skulle geologerna jubla.
offer every possible insult
all möjlig påverkan
soon after being written.
så snart de blivit skrivna.
of long-gone landscapes.
sedan länge försvunnet landskap.
under the advancing sands of time
our dead, rocky companion --
vår döda, steniga följeslagare -
with creative and destructive forces
destruktiva krafter
ämnesomsättningen.
by the Apollo astronauts
astronauterna från Apollo
of the Solar System.
face the perils of a living lithosphere.
möter farorna med en levande litosfär.
of mutilation, compression,
stympning, kompression,
are incomplete and disheveled.
kantstötta och långt från kompletta.
in the rock record
i bergets historik
until relatively recently.
tills relativt nyligen.
for geologists --
för geologer -
learned to record their thoughts
lärde sig att skriva
inscrutable to humans.
ett mysterium för människor.
of our own planet
of the 19th century
of James Hutton's "Theory of the Earth,"
"Theory of the Earth"
reveals no vestige of a beginning
inte avslöjar något spår av början
of William Smith's map of Britain,
över England kom i tryck,
certain types of rocks might occur.
skulle kunna finnas.
we should be in the Jurassic,"
vi hamna i juraperioden",
we should find the Cretaceous."
borde vi hitta kritaperioden."
a fossil in a sedimentary rock,
i sedimentära bergarter,
by magma, like a granite,
formad av magma, som granit,
that's been heated and squeezed.
blivit värmda och pressade.
particularly lived in deserts;
that's a desert today,
som är öken idag,
too many plants covering up the rocks,
växter som täcker stenen,
exposing new bones at the surface.
nya ben till ytan.
sticking out of the rock.
sticker ut ur berget.
in Southern Patagonia.
on the ground there
you'll find fossils or not;
kommer att hitta fossil eller inte;
that is scientifically significant?
intressant för vetenskapen?
a fourth part to our formula,
till en fjärde del till vår formel,
paleontologists as possible.
andra paleontologer.
other paleontologists.
gillar paleontologer.
that's relatively unexplored,
är relativt outforskad,
of not only finding fossils
chans att inte bara hitta fossil
that's new to science.
nytt för vetenskapen.
for finding dinosaurs,
att hitta dinosaurier,
sedimentary rocks of the right age,
sedimentära berg av rätt ålder
by paleontologists.
av paleontologer.
that bone was isolated.
and there wasn't another bone around.
och fann inte ett enda ben till.
the next year for more.
tillbaka nästa år.
of that next field season,
ett tvåmeters lårben,
really brutal field seasons,
och ansträngande grävperioder,
of that great beast wrapping around me.
stora besten slingrad runt mig.
the new species of dinosaur,
den nya dinosauriearten,
"Dreadnoughtus schrani."
"Dreadnoughtus schrani".
from snout to tail.
från nos till svansspets.
at the shoulder,
av ett tvåvåningshus,
it weighed 65 tons.
"Was Dreadnoughtus bigger than a T. rex?"
"Var Dreadnoughtus större än en T. rex?"
about being a paleontologist
med att vara paleontolog
så får du namnge den.
you get to name it.
that these giant, plant-eating dinosaurs
dessa gigantiska, växtätande dinosaurier,
lumbering platters of meat
klumpiga tallrikar med kött
and they can be territorial --
och de kan vara revirtänkande -
or a rhino or a water buffalo.
en noshörning eller en buffel.
far more people than do the grizzly bears.
människor än grizzlybjörnar.
65-ton Dreadnoughtus
en 65 ton Dreadnoughtus
incredibly dangerous,
otroligt farligt,
would have had nothing to fear.
men själv gå ohotad.
would've had to have been
radiate heat into the environment,
hjälper den att kyla ner sig,
as a super-efficient feeding mechanism.
supereffektiv matningsmekanism.
in one place and with that neck
och med den halsen
while expending very few.
och bara spendera några få.
a bulldog-like wide-gait stance,
bredbent gång som en bulldog
when you're literally as big as a house,
när du bokstavligen är stor som ett hus,
revbenen sönder lungorna.
ribs break and pierce lungs.
in life -- even once.
inte ens en enda gång.
Dreadnoughtus carcass was buried
Dreadnoughts begravts
of bacteria, worms and insects,
maskar och insekter,
like the entombing rock.
of sediment accumulated,
sediment kom ovanpå
weighed in like a stony glove
likt en handske av sten
each bone in a stabilizing embrace.
ben i en evig omfamning.
everlasting and unchanging
förevigt och oförändrat
for another 12 million years
i ytterligare 12 miljoner år
in a fiery apocalypse.
snuvade dem på herraväldet.
Däggdjuren frodades.
evolved the odd trick of sentient thought.
av apa den kännande tanken.
particularly fast or strong.
särdeles snabba eller starka.
of territorial conquest,
rekord i vunna landområden.
they encountered,
and metalworking and painting
metallarbete och målning,
take 12 particularly excellent apes
ta 12 särskilt duktiga apor
Homo sapiens on the planet,
Homo sapiens på planeten,
trod on the grave of the magnificent titan
på graven av en magnifik titan
of Southern Patagonia.
i södra Patagonien.
entering the fossil record
skriva fossil historia
the improbable becomes the probable.
geologiska lämningar.
living and dying on an old planet
dött på en gammal planet
an asteroid hits the Earth
träffade en asteroid jorden
and it's the one that we have.
och nu blev det den det blev.
was not inevitable.
of that asteroid far from Earth
långt från jorden
our planet by a wide margin.
planeten med bred marginal.
the dinosaurs were wiped out,
dinosaurierna blev utplånade,
for the modern world as we know it
värld vi känner till
already enjoyed by the dinosaurs.
som dinosaurierna redan njutit utav.
nästan omöjliga händelser.
Cambrian ancestors
led us to this very particular reality.
till just denna verklighet.
lay underground for 77 million years.
jord i 77 miljoner år.
and understanding
of the Missouri River
Missourifloden rinner upp
than a gurgle of water
in a boulder in a pasture,
en stenbumling på en äng,
runs a few hundred yards
sipprande vatten,
of the Missouri, near St. Louis,
that that river is a big deal.
att den floden har betydelse.
and look at the Missouri,
uppe i Bitterroot
allow us to see it as anything special.
är något speciellt med den.
to anything special,
and a thousand more solar systems
both amazing and amazingly improbable,
både fantastiska och osannolika
and they would not have our history.
och de skulle inte få vår historia.
that we could've had.
historier vi kunde haft.
vi fick en av de bra.
did we ever get a good one.
var verkliga.
and pill bugs the length of a car
örn och gråsuggor stora som bilar
fifth mass extinction,
femte massutrotning,
through no fault of their own.
i rymden, som de inte hade skuld i.
and they didn't have a choice.
och de hade inget val.
tells us that our place on this planet
plats på den här planeten
and potentially fleeting.
an environmental disaster
that is so broad and so severe,
som är så omfattande
the sixth extinction.
den sjätte utrotningen.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kenneth Lacovara - PaleontologistIn his quest to understand the largest dinosaurs to have walked the Earth, Lacovara blends exploration with the latest imaging and modeling techniques from engineering to medicine.
Why you should listen
Paleontologist Kenneth Lacovara famously unearthed some of the largest dinosaurs ever to walk our planet, including the super-massive Dreadnoughtus, which at 65 tons weighs more than seven T.Rex.
When he's not excavating fossils from far-flung locations, Lacovara works on the cutting edge of applying 21st-century technology to the study of dinosaurs. By using 3D imaging, 3D printing, robotics, and medical modeling techniques, his work is helping to shift our perspective of giant herbivorous dinosaurs from their historic portrayal as hapless lumbering prey to that of fearsome, hulking, hyper-efficient eating machines.
Lacovara led the effort to create the Rowan University Fossil Park in suburban Mantua Township, New Jersey. The quarry preserves a rich cache of marine fossils that Lacovara is using to shed light on the calamitous events that wiped out the dinosaurs.
Kenneth Lacovara | Speaker | TED.com