TEDxSeoul
Young-ha Kim: Be an artist, right now!
金英涵：现在成为一名艺术家！
Filmed:
Readability: 3
2,047,545 views
为什么我们会停止玩和创造? 以魅力和幽默感，韩国著名作家金英涵呼喚世界上伟大的艺术家释放内心的孩子－想永远玩下去的孩子。
（在TEDxSeoul拍摄）
Young-ha Kim - Writer
One of the premiere writers of his generation, Korean novelist Young-ha Kim weaves tales that speak to the thrills and challenges of young Koreans in our increasingly globalized and ever-changing world. Full bio
One of the premiere writers of his generation, Korean novelist Young-ha Kim weaves tales that speak to the thrills and challenges of young Koreans in our increasingly globalized and ever-changing world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
The theme of my talk today is,
0
201
1692
我今天演讲的主题是：
00:17
"Be an artist, right now."
1
1893
3208
做个艺术家吧，现在就开始！
00:21
Most people, when this subject is brought up,
2
5101
3057
大多数对听到这个主题可能都会变得很紧张
00:24
get tense and resist it:
3
8158
2626
并且对其满是抗拒
00:26
"Art doesn't feed me, and right now I'm busy.
4
10784
2994
“艺术不适合我，我现在很忙啦”
00:29
I have to go to school, get a job,
5
13778
2376
“我得上学啊、找工作啊，”
00:32
send my kids to lessons ... "
6
16154
2287
“我要送孩子去上学啊”
00:34
You think, "I'm too busy. I don't have time for art."
7
18441
5535
你觉得，“你太忙了，你没有时间玩艺术”
00:39
There are hundreds of reasons why we can't be artists right now.
8
23976
3461
我们拒绝艺术的理由千种万种，
00:43
Don't they just pop into your head?
9
27437
1555
这些理由是不是总是会突然冒出来？
00:44
There are so many reasons why we can't be,
10
28992
1823
我们有千百种理由没法做个艺术家，
00:46
indeed, we're not sure why we should be.
11
30815
2560
但事实上，我们只是不清楚我们为什么应该做艺术家。
00:49
We don't know why we should be artists,
12
33375
1693
我们只是不知道我们为什么要做艺术家，
00:50
but we have many reasons why we can't be.
13
35068
3903
但我们却找各种理由说服自己做不了艺术家。
00:54
Why do people instantly resist the idea of associating themselves with art?
14
38971
4375
为什么人们会条件反射般的抵触艺术？
00:59
Perhaps you think art is for the greatly gifted
15
43346
3868
也许你会认为艺术只是那些天赋异禀的人才能玩得起的，
01:03
or for the thoroughly and professionally trained.
16
47214
5052
或者是那些透彻地受过专业艺术教育的人才能参与的。
01:08
And some of you may think you've strayed too far from art.
17
52266
4343
而有些人也许还觉得自己离艺术太远了。
01:12
Well you might have, but I don't think so.
18
56609
4618
也许你真的离艺术很远，但我却不这么认为。
01:17
This is the theme of my talk today.
19
61227
2469
而这便是我今天演讲的主题。
01:19
We are all born artists.
20
63696
1802
人人生来都是艺术家。
01:21
If you have kids, you know what I mean.
21
65498
3044
如果你有小孩,你就会明白。
01:24
Almost everything kids do is art.
22
68542
4885
几乎所有的小孩都会摆弄点艺术。
01:29
They draw with crayons on the wall.
23
73427
2578
他们用蜡笔在墙上画画。
01:31
They dance to Son Dam Bi's dance on TV,
24
76005
3152
他们对着电视里孙丹菲的舞蹈翩翩起舞，
01:35
but you can't even call it Son Dam Bi's dance -- it becomes the kids' own dance.
25
79157
3858
他们跳的舞都不像是孙丹菲的舞蹈，
而是具有他们自己风格的舞蹈。
而是具有他们自己风格的舞蹈。
01:38
So they dance a strange dance and inflict their singing on everyone.
26
83015
5286
孩子们跳一些奇怪的舞，
并用自己的歌声伴奏。
并用自己的歌声伴奏。
01:44
Perhaps their art is something only their parents can bear,
27
88301
3974
也许他们创造的艺术，只有他们的父母们才能欣赏
01:48
and because they practice such art all day long,
28
92275
5197
并且他们一天到晚都在进行这一类艺术创作，
01:53
people honestly get a little tired around kids.
29
97472
3279
所以人们其实跟这些孩子们在一起久了都会感到厌倦。
01:56
Kids will sometimes perform monodramas --
30
100751
3155
孩子们有时候会一个人演部戏，
01:59
playing house is indeed a monodrama or a play.
31
103906
3546
过家家实际上就是一种独角戏。
02:03
And some kids, when they get a bit older,
32
107452
2679
有些孩子长大一些后，
02:06
start to lie.
33
110131
2020
会开始撒谎。
02:08
Usually parents remember the very first time their kid lies.
34
112151
5091
父母们通常都会记得孩子第一次撒谎的情景。
02:13
They're shocked.
35
117242
1345
父母们会觉得很震惊。
02:14
"Now you're showing your true colors," Mom says. She thinks, "Why does he take after his dad?"
36
118587
3568
妈妈会说：“你开始显露你的真面目了”，
她会想：“为什么孩子会学父亲撒谎？”
她会想：“为什么孩子会学父亲撒谎？”
02:18
She questions him, "What kind of a person are you going to be?"
37
122155
3206
妈妈会质问孩子：“你到底会成为一个什么样的人？”
02:21
But you shouldn't worry.
38
125361
1571
但其实你不用担心。
02:22
The moment kids start to lie is the moment storytelling begins.
39
126932
6220
孩子们开始撒谎的时候就是他们开始创造故事的时候。
02:29
They are talking about things they didn't see.
40
133152
2188
他们所说的东西是他们从没见过的。
02:31
It's amazing. It's a wonderful moment.
41
135340
1791
这很神奇。这是一个极好的时刻。
02:33
Parents should celebrate.
42
137131
2067
父母们应该感到高兴。
02:35
"Hurray! My boy finally started to lie!"
43
139198
4157
“太好了，我孩子...我孩子终于开始撒谎了！”
02:39
All right! It calls for celebration.
44
143355
2229
这是需要庆祝的
02:41
For example, a kid says, "Mom, guess what? I met an alien on my way home."
45
145584
3389
例如一个孩子说：“妈妈，你知道吗？
我今天回家路上遇见一个外星人”
我今天回家路上遇见一个外星人”
02:44
Then a typical mom responds, "Stop that nonsense."
46
148973
4451
一个一般的母亲可能会回答：“别瞎说。”
02:49
Now, an ideal parent is someone who responds like this:
47
153424
3616
而好的父母却会这样回答：
02:52
"Really? An alien, huh? What did it look like? Did it say anything?
48
157040
3072
“真的吗？ 碰见外星人了？”
“他长什么样啊？他有没有说什么啊？”
“他长什么样啊？他有没有说什么啊？”
02:56
Where did you meet it?" "Um, in front of the supermarket."
49
160112
1704
“你在哪儿遇见他的啊？”
“在超市的门口”
“在超市的门口”
02:57
When you have a conversation like this,
50
161816
2322
这样的一段对话后，
03:00
the kid has to come up with the next thing to say to be responsible for what he started.
51
164138
6375
孩子就不得不继续编一些负责任的内容，
来完成他已经开了头的故事。
来完成他已经开了头的故事。
03:06
Soon, a story develops.
52
170513
2164
很快，故事就产生了。
03:08
Of course this is an infantile story,
53
172677
4477
当然，这只是一个幼稚的故事，
03:13
but thinking up one sentence after the next
54
177154
3816
但想出一个又一个的句子，
03:16
is the same thing a professional writer like me does.
55
180970
4068
和像我这样的专业作家所做的事是一样的。
03:20
In essence, they are not different.
56
185038
2379
本质上而言，二者并没有什么区别。
03:23
Roland Barthes once said of Flaubert's novels,
57
187417
2686
罗兰·巴特曾经评价福楼拜的小说时说道：
03:26
"Flaubert did not write a novel.
58
190103
2606
”福楼拜写的不仅仅是小说“
03:28
He merely connected one sentence after another.
59
192709
3005
”他不仅仅是将一个句子连接在另一个句子后面”
03:31
The eros between sentences, that is the essence of Flaubert's novel."
60
195714
4727
“字里行间的爱才是福楼拜小说的精华所在。”
03:36
That's right -- a novel, basically, is writing one sentence,
61
200441
2783
这就对了——一部小说，基本上先写一个句子
03:39
then, without violating the scope of the first one,
62
203224
3459
然后再在第一个句子的基础上
03:42
writing the next sentence.
63
206683
1705
写下一个句子。
03:44
And you continue to make connections.
64
208388
1509
你会继续进行连接。
03:45
Take a look at this sentence:
65
209897
2066
来看一下这个句子：
03:47
"One morning, as Gregor Samsa was waking up from anxious dreams, he discovered that in his bed he had been changed into a monstrous verminous bug."
66
211963
2467
“一天早上，当格雷戈•萨姆莎从焦躁的梦境中醒来，他发现自己变成了一个可怕的害虫。”
03:50
Yes, it's the first sentence of Franz Kafka's "The Metamorphosis."
67
214430
2446
这就是弗朗兹•卡夫卡《变形记》中的第一个句子。
03:52
Writing such an unjustifiable sentence
68
216876
3168
写下这么一个不合常理的句子
03:55
and continuing in order to justify it,
69
220044
2448
然后继续下去并证明它，
03:58
Kafka's work became the masterpiece of contemporary literature.
70
222492
4429
使得卡夫卡的作品成为当代文学的大师作品。
04:02
Kafka did not show his work to his father.
71
226921
2749
卡夫卡没有把他的作品给他父亲看，
04:05
He was not on good terms with his father.
72
229670
2324
他跟他父亲关系不太好，
04:07
On his own, he wrote these sentences.
73
231994
3796
他靠自己写下了这些句子。
04:11
Had he shown his father, "My boy has finally lost it," he would've thought.
74
235790
3263
如果他给他父亲看，他父亲会想：“我的孩子脑子是不是有问题”。
04:14
And that's right. Art is about going a little nuts
75
239053
1912
这就对了，艺术就是这样有一点点着迷的、
04:16
and justifying the next sentence,
76
240965
2247
一直用下一个句子去证明的，
04:19
which is not much different from what a kid does.
77
243212
3261
正如小孩所做的没什么太大差别。
04:22
A kid who has just started to lie
78
246473
1531
一个刚开始说谎的小孩
04:23
is taking the first step as a storyteller.
79
248004
3126
正是迈开了编造故事的第一步。
04:27
Kids do art.
80
251130
2561
小孩是在搞艺术。
04:29
They don't get tired and they have fun doing it.
81
253691
1425
他们不觉得累，他们这么做很有乐趣。
04:31
I was in Jeju Island a few days ago.
82
255116
1761
前几天，我在济州岛。
04:32
When kids are on the beach, most of them love playing in the water.
83
256877
5112
大多数沙滩上的孩子都喜欢在水中嬉戏
04:37
But some of them spend a lot of time in the sand,
84
261989
2907
但有一些孩子花了很多时间在玩沙子，
04:40
making mountains and seas -- well, not seas,
85
264896
2244
做了山啊海啊——好吧，没有海，
04:43
but different things -- people and dogs, etc.
86
267140
3947
反正是不同的东西--人啊、狗啊什么的。
04:46
But parents tell them,
87
271087
1413
但是家长会说，
04:48
"It will all be washed away by the waves."
88
272500
1763
“这都会被海浪冲走的”
04:50
In other words, it's useless.
89
274263
1822
换句话说，这是毫无用处的，
04:51
There's no need.
90
276085
1144
完全没有需要。
04:53
But kids don't mind.
91
277229
1866
但孩子们不在乎，
04:54
They have fun in the moment
92
279095
1171
他们很快乐
04:56
and they keep playing in the sand.
93
280266
2166
继续玩他们的沙子。
04:58
Kids don't do it because someone told them to.
94
282432
2266
孩子们不这样做，是因为人们告诉他们（不要这么做）。
05:00
They aren't told by their boss
95
284698
1596
如果没有任何人告诉他们不该做什么
05:02
or anyone, they just do it.
96
286294
2925
他们就会去做。
05:05
When you were little, I bet you spent time enjoying the pleasure of primitive art.
97
289219
5396
我敢打赌你们小时候肯定有很多享受原始艺术的欢乐时光。
05:10
When I ask my students to write about their happiest moment,
98
294615
4362
我让我的学生写下他们的最快乐的一刻，
05:14
many write about an early artistic experience they had as a kid.
99
298977
5924
大多数学生写了他们孩提时代的早期艺术经历。
05:20
Learning to play piano for the first time and playing four hands with a friend,
100
304901
2755
比如最早学弹钢琴，与朋友一起四手联弹，
05:23
or performing a ridiculous skit with friends looking like idiots -- things like that.
101
307656
5016
或者与朋友们一起象傻子一样表演荒诞的滑稽戏--诸如此类
05:28
Or the moment you developed the first film you shot with an old camera.
102
312672
3351
或者是第一次用旧录像机搞一个电影，
05:31
They talk about these kinds of experiences.
103
316023
2323
他们谈到了这样一些经历。
05:34
You must have had such a moment.
104
318346
2265
你们也肯定会有这样的时光，
05:36
In that moment, art makes you happy
105
320611
1933
艺术使你变得快乐
05:38
because it's not work.
106
322544
1677
因为这不是工作，
05:40
Work doesn't make you happy, does it? Mostly it's tough.
107
324221
2533
工作没法使你快乐，不是吗？工作总是辛苦的。
05:42
The French writer Michel Tournier has a famous saying.
108
326754
3101
法国作家米歇尔•图尼埃尔有一句名言，
05:45
It's a bit mischievous, actually.
109
329855
1690
事实上，这句话有一点促狭的，
05:47
"Work is against human nature. The proof is that it makes us tired."
110
331545
4972
“工作是反人性的，因为它让人感到疲劳”
05:52
Right? Why would work tire us if it's in our nature?
111
336517
1485
对吗？如果工作是我们人性的一部分，为什么会让我们厌倦？
05:53
Playing doesn't tire us.
112
338002
1661
玩从来就不会让我们厌倦。
05:55
We can play all night long.
113
339663
1435
我们可以玩一个通宵，
05:56
If we work overnight, we should be paid for overtime.
114
341098
2433
但如果工作一个通宵，我们就要加班工资。
05:59
Why? Because it's tiring and we feel fatigue.
115
343531
3284
为什么？因为工作让我们感到厌倦和疲劳。
06:02
But kids, usually they do art for fun. It's playing.
116
346815
4682
但是孩子们，通常为了好玩而搞艺术，这是在玩。
06:07
They don't draw to sell the work to a client
117
351497
2734
他们不需要把作品卖给客户，
06:10
or play the piano to earn money for the family.
118
354231
3025
或为了赚钱养家而弹钢琴。
06:13
Of course, there were kids who had to.
119
357256
2776
当然，有些孩子需要那样做。
06:15
You know this gentleman, right?
120
360032
1302
大家都认识他，是吧？
06:17
He had to tour around Europe to support his family --
121
361334
4086
他为了养家不得不进行欧洲巡回演出
06:21
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart --
122
365420
1890
沃尔夫冈·阿马德乌斯·莫扎特
06:23
but that was centuries ago, so we can make him an exception.
123
367310
2963
但这是几个世纪以前的事，所以我们可以把他作为例外
06:26
Unfortunately, at some point our art -- such a joyful pastime -- ends.
124
370273
3865
不幸的是，在某些时候我们的艺术
如此愉悦的消遣 — 已经结束了。
如此愉悦的消遣 — 已经结束了。
06:30
Kids have to go to lessons, to school, do homework
125
374138
3390
孩子们不得不去学习、去学校、做作业
06:33
and of course they take piano or ballet lessons,
126
377528
3518
当然他们也会上钢琴课、芭蕾课，
06:36
but they aren't fun anymore.
127
381046
1769
但是他们不再因此而快乐。
06:38
You're told to do it and there's competition. How can it be fun?
128
382815
3332
你为了一个竞赛而去练习，会有乐趣吗？
06:42
If you're in elementary school and you still draw on the wall,
129
386147
5592
在小学，如果你还在墙上乱画，
06:47
you'll surely get in trouble with your mom.
130
391739
3915
你就肯定会遇到麻烦，
06:51
Besides,
131
395654
3867
除此之外，
06:55
if you continue to act like an artist as you get older,
132
399521
2580
如果当你长大，你还在从事艺术，
06:58
you'll increasingly feel pressure --
133
402101
3668
你会越来越感到压力——
07:01
people will question your actions and ask you to act properly.
134
405769
6055
人们会质疑你的行为并要求你做出适当的行为。
07:07
Here's my story: I was an eighth grader and I entered a drawing contest at school in Gyeongbokgung.
135
411824
6187
说说我的故事：
我在景福宫学校8年级的时候参加了一个绘画比赛，
我在景福宫学校8年级的时候参加了一个绘画比赛，
07:13
I was trying my best, and my teacher came around
136
418011
2907
我尽了自己最大的努力，然后我的老师走过来
07:16
and asked me, "What are you doing?"
137
420918
3588
问我，“你在干什么？”
07:20
"I'm drawing diligently," I said.
138
424506
1814
我说：”我在勤奋地画画“
07:22
"Why are you using only black?"
139
426320
1903
”为什么你只用黑色？“
07:24
Indeed, I was eagerly coloring the sketchbook in black.
140
428223
2380
事实上，我在速写本上急切地涂着黑色。
07:26
And I explained,
141
430603
3069
我解释说，
07:29
"It's a dark night and a crow is perching on a branch."
142
433672
3247
“这是一个漆黑的夜晚，一只乌鸦栖息在一根树枝上。”
07:32
Then my teacher said,
143
436919
998
然后我的老师说，
07:33
"Really? Well, Young-ha, you may not be good at drawing but you have a talent for storytelling."
144
437917
5322
”真的吗？好吧，英涵，你也许不太擅长画画，但你是一个讲故事的天才。“
07:39
Or so I wished.
145
443239
2735
但这只是我的想象，
07:41
"Now you'll get it, you rascal!" was the response. (Laughter)
146
445974
2768
我得到的回应是，“太不像话了，你这个小混蛋“
07:44
"You'll get it!" he said.
147
448742
1604
他说，”太不像话了“
07:46
You were supposed to draw the palace, the Gyeonghoeru, etc.,
148
450346
2682
你应该画宫殿，庆会楼，等等。
07:48
but I was coloring everything in black,
149
453028
2435
但我把所有的都涂成了黑色，
07:51
so he dragged me out of the group.
150
455463
1684
所以他把我赶了出去。
07:53
There were a lot of girls there as well,
151
457147
2020
当时那里还有许多女孩子在场，
07:55
so I was utterly mortified.
152
459167
1551
我感到特别囧
07:56
None of my explanations or excuses were heard,
153
460718
4452
完全没有听我的解释或是借口
08:01
and I really got it big time.
154
465170
3213
我真的是受到了奇耻大辱。
08:04
If he was an ideal teacher, he would have responded like I said before,
155
468383
4518
如果他是一个好老师，他就会象我刚才那么说，
08:08
"Young-ha may not have a talent for drawing,
156
472901
2313
”英涵也许不是一个画画的人才，
08:11
but he has a gift for making up stories," and he would have encouraged me.
157
475214
3375
但他具有编造故事的天赋，“而且他也会鼓励我。
08:14
But such a teacher is seldom found.
158
478589
3452
但是这样的老师很难找得到。
08:17
Later, I grew up and went to Europe's galleries --
159
482041
2963
后来长大后，我到了欧洲的画廊——
08:20
I was a university student -- and I thought this was really unfair.
160
485004
1901
我当时是一个大学生——我想这真的很不公平，
08:22
Look what I found. (Laughter)
161
486905
5398
看一下我找到了什么（大笑）
08:28
Works like this were hung in Basel while I was punished
162
492303
4325
象这样的作品挂在巴塞尔，而我却得到了惩罚，
08:32
and stood in front of the palace with my drawing in my mouth.
163
496628
5393
被罚站在宫殿前，嘴巴里塞着我的画。
08:37
Look at this. Doesn't it look just like wallpaper?
164
502021
3006
看看这个，这不像是一张墙纸？
08:40
Contemporary art, I later discovered, isn't explained by a lame story like mine.
165
505027
1916
我之后发现，当代艺术，并不需要象我那样的蹩脚故事，
08:42
No crows are brought up.
166
506943
3945
没有什么乌鸦，
08:46
Most of the works have no title, Untitled.
167
510888
3333
大多数作品没有标题，
08:50
Anyways, contemporary art in the 20th century
168
514221
3101
不管怎样，20世纪的当代艺术
08:53
is about doing something weird and filling the void with explanation and interpretation --
169
517322
5369
就是做些怪异的东西，用说明和解释填充空隙——
08:58
essentially the same as I did.
170
522691
1479
本质上跟我以前做的差不多。
09:00
Of course, my work was very amateur,
171
524170
2748
当然，我的作品是很业余的，
09:02
but let's turn to more famous examples.
172
526918
3289
但是让我们来看看更多著名的例子。
09:06
This is Picasso's.
173
530207
2601
这是毕加索，
09:08
He stuck handlebars into a bike seat and called it "Bull's Head." Sounds convincing, right?
174
532808
5801
他把自行车把手粘到坐垫上，称之为”牛头“
听起来很有说服力，对吧？
听起来很有说服力，对吧？
09:14
Next, a urinal was placed on its side and called "Fountain".
175
538609
4644
下一个，一个小便器侧着放，称之为”泉“，
09:19
That was Duchamp.
176
543253
1594
这是杜尚。
09:20
So filling the gap between explanation and a weird act with stories --
177
544847
4450
所以用故事填充解释和怪异行为之间的沟壑——
09:25
that's indeed what contemporary art is all about.
178
549297
4127
这就是关于当代艺术的一切。
09:29
Picasso even made the statement,
179
553424
1388
毕加索甚至宣称，
09:30
"I draw not what I see but what I think."
180
554812
4177
”我不是画我所看到的，而是画我所想“
09:34
Yes, it means I didn't have to draw Gyeonghoeru.
181
558989
2517
是的，这就是说我并不需要画庆会楼。
09:37
I wish I knew what Picasso said back then. I could have argued better with my teacher.
182
561506
4071
我希望我那时就知道毕加索说的话，我就可以更好地跟老师争论。
09:41
Unfortunately, the little artists within us
183
565577
3802
不幸的是，在我们可以与艺术的压迫者反抗之前，
09:45
are choked to death before we get to fight against the oppressors of art.
184
569379
5487
我们的小艺术家们就被扼杀了，
09:50
They get locked in.
185
574866
1605
他们被禁锢了，
09:52
That's our tragedy.
186
576471
1083
这就是我们的悲剧。
09:53
So what happens when little artists get locked in, banished or even killed?
187
577554
5260
所以如果小艺术家们被禁锢、被放逐甚至被扼杀，会发生什么？
09:58
Our artistic desire doesn't go away.
188
582814
1383
我们的艺术欲望不会消失。
10:00
We want to express, to reveal ourselves,
189
584197
3097
我们想表达、展示自我，
10:03
but with the artist dead, the artistic desire reveals itself in dark form.
190
587294
5238
但是艺术家已经死亡，那么艺术的欲望只能以黑暗的形式展现，
10:08
In karaoke bars, there are always people who sing
191
592532
2967
在卡拉OK，经常有人假装吉他即兴演唱
10:11
"She's Gone" or "Hotel California,"
192
595499
2542
”她走了“或”加州旅馆“
10:13
miming the guitar riffs.
193
598041
2320
这种吉他即兴
10:16
Usually they sound awful. Awful indeed.
194
600361
2242
通常他们唱得很糟糕，真的很糟糕，
10:18
Some people turn into rockers like this.
195
602603
2479
有些人变成像这样的摇滚乐手，
10:20
Or some people dance in clubs.
196
605082
2073
或有人在会所跳舞，
10:23
People who would have enjoyed telling stories
197
607155
3402
那些以说故事为乐的人
10:26
end up trolling on the Internet all night long.
198
610557
3010
会在互联网上通宵达旦的高唱。
10:29
That's how a writing talent reveals itself on the dark side.
199
613567
3395
这就是写作天赋所显露的黑暗的一面。
10:32
Sometimes we see dads get more excited than their kids
200
616962
3953
有时候，我们看到爸爸们玩力高玩具或装配塑料机器人
10:36
playing with Legos or putting together plastic robots.
201
620915
2985
比自己的孩子更加来劲，
10:39
They go, "Don't touch it. Daddy will do it for you."
202
623900
1733
他们会说”别碰它，老爸帮你做“
10:41
The kid has already lost interest and is doing something else,
203
625633
1635
孩子们已经失去了兴趣，开始做其他的事情，
10:43
but the dad alone builds castles.
204
627268
4009
但是爸爸却在那儿自个儿摆弄城堡，
10:47
This shows the artistic impulses inside us are suppressed, not gone.
205
631277
4478
这显示了我们内心的艺术冲动被抑制了，还没有消失。
10:51
But they can often reveal themselves negatively, in the form of jealousy.
206
635755
3792
但他们往往以嫉妒的方式显示出负面影响。
10:55
You know the song "I would love to be on TV"? Why would we love it?
207
639547
5294
你知道有首歌叫“我想上电视” ？我们为什么会喜欢它？
11:00
TV is full of people who do what we wished to do,
208
644841
3828
电视里充满了那些在做我们想做
11:04
but never got to.
209
648669
1940
但从来不会做的事情的人，
11:06
They dance, they act -- and the more they do, they are praised.
210
650609
6129
他们跳舞、他们表演——他们做得越多，越得到赞赏，
11:12
So we start to envy them.
211
656738
3150
所以我们开始嫉妒他们，
11:15
We become dictators with a remote and start to criticize the people on TV.
212
659888
4094
我们变成了拿遥控器的独裁者，并开始批评电视上的人。
11:19
"He just can't act." "You call that singing? She can't hit the notes."
213
663982
5853
”他不会表演“、”你能说那叫唱歌？简直跟不上节拍“
11:25
We easily say these sorts of things.
214
669835
2290
我们很容易说这些事情，
11:28
We get jealous, not because we're evil,
215
672125
2943
我们嫉妒了，并不是因为我们是恶魔，
11:30
but because we have little artists pent up inside us.
216
675068
4537
而是因为我们内心有一个被积郁的小小艺术家，
11:35
That's what I think.
217
679605
3586
我就是这么认为的。
11:39
What should we do then?
218
683191
1838
那么我们该怎么做呢？
11:40
Yes, that's right.
219
685029
777
嗯，对，
11:41
Right now, we need to start our own art.
220
685806
3194
就从现在开始，我们需要开始我们自己的艺术。
11:44
Right this minute, we can turn off TV,
221
689000
1009
就从这一刻开始，我们关掉电视，
11:45
log off the Internet,
222
690009
2449
拔掉网线，
11:48
get up and start to do something.
223
692458
2700
站起来，去做些什么事情。
11:51
Where I teach students in drama school,
224
695158
1735
我教书的戏剧学校，
11:52
there's a course called Dramatics.
225
696893
2734
有一门课叫戏剧表演，
11:55
In this course, all students must put on a play.
226
699627
4190
在这门课上，所有的学生必须提供一出戏，
11:59
However, acting majors are not supposed to act.
227
703817
4112
然而，表演专业的学生并不需要表演，
12:03
They can write the play, for example,
228
707929
2020
比如他们可以写剧本，
12:05
and the writers may work on stage art.
229
709949
2724
作家也许可以去搞舞台艺术，
12:08
Likewise, stage art majors may become actors, and in this way you put on a show.
230
712673
2296
同样，舞台艺术专业的学生也许成为演员
用这种方式来提供一出戏。
用这种方式来提供一出戏。
12:10
Students at first wonder whether they can actually do it,
231
714984
3748
学生们起初疑惑他们是否能够真正做到，
12:14
but later they have so much fun. I rarely see anyone who is miserable doing a play.
232
718732
4563
但是后来他们体验到了更多的乐趣
我很少看到有人很痛苦地在搞这出戏。
我很少看到有人很痛苦地在搞这出戏。
12:19
In school, the military or even in a mental institution, once you make people do it, they enjoy it.
233
723295
4162
在学校、在军队或甚至是在精神病院，一旦让人们这么做，大家都会很享受这种乐趣。
12:23
I saw this happen in the army -- many people had fun doing plays.
234
727457
4896
我看到在军队所发生的
许多人都在这样的戏剧中体验到了乐趣。
许多人都在这样的戏剧中体验到了乐趣。
12:28
I have another experience:
235
732353
2932
我还有另外一个经历：
12:31
In my writing class, I give students a special assignment.
236
735285
3634
在我的写作课上，我布置给学生一个很特殊的作业。
12:34
I have students like you in the class -- many who don't major in writing.
237
738919
5900
在我的班上有些学生就像你们一样
许多人并不是写作专业，
许多人并不是写作专业，
12:40
Some major in art or music and think they can't write.
238
744819
4577
而是一些艺术专业或音乐专业的学生
他们觉得自己不会写作
他们觉得自己不会写作
12:45
So I give them blank sheets of paper and a theme.
239
749396
3727
所以我给他们一些空白纸张和一个主题，
12:49
It can be a simple theme:
240
753123
1614
可以是一些很简单的主题：
12:50
Write about the most unfortunate experience in your childhood.
241
754737
2514
写一下你孩提时代最倒霉的一次经历，
12:53
There's one condition: You must write like crazy. Like crazy!
242
757251
3913
但是有一个条件：你必须拼命写、拼命写！
12:57
I walk around and encourage them,
243
761164
2733
我来回走并鼓励他们，
12:59
"Come on, come on!" They have to write like crazy for an hour or two.
244
763897
3744
”快点，快点！“他们不得不拼命地写1到2个小时，
13:03
They only get to think for the first five minutes.
245
767641
3208
他们只有前5分钟可以思考，
13:06
The reason I make them write like crazy is because
246
770849
3222
我让他们拼命写的原因是
13:09
when you write slowly and lots of thoughts cross your mind,
247
774071
2758
当你慢慢写的时候会有很多想法纠结在你的头脑，
13:12
the artistic devil creeps in.
248
776829
2447
艺术的恶魔就会蔓延，
13:15
This devil will tell you hundreds of reasons
249
779276
4032
这个恶魔会告诉你上百个
13:19
why you can't write:
250
783308
2930
你不能写的理由：
13:22
"People will laugh at you. This is not good writing!
251
786238
2835
”人们会嘲笑你，这个写得不好！“
13:24
What kind of sentence is this? Look at your handwriting!"
252
789073
1550
这是什么句子啊？看看你的字迹！”
13:26
It will say a lot of things.
253
790623
1577
它会说很多事情，
13:28
You have to run fast so the devil can't catch up.
254
792200
2504
你必须得跑得很快，那么这个恶魔就无法抓住你
13:30
The really good writing I've seen in my class
255
794704
4072
我在课堂上看到真正写得好的
13:34
was not from the assignments with a long deadline,
256
798776
2673
不是用很长时间完成的作业，
13:37
but from the 40- to 60-minute crazy writing students did
257
801449
3484
而是在40-60分钟内在我面前
13:40
in front of me with a pencil.
258
804933
3402
用铅笔疯狂拼命写的学生完成的，
13:44
The students go into a kind of trance.
259
808335
1839
学生们进入了一种恍惚的状态，
13:46
After 30 or 40 minutes, they write without knowing what they're writing.
260
810174
4462
30-40分钟后，他们已经不知道他们在写什么了。
13:50
And in this moment, the nagging devil disappears.
261
814636
2965
而在这个时刻，唠叨的恶魔消失了，
13:53
So I can say this:
262
817601
1709
所以我可以这么说：
13:55
It's not the hundreds of reasons why one can't be an artist,
263
819310
4015
不存在上百个你不能成为艺术家的理由，
13:59
but rather, the one reason one must be that makes us artists.
264
823325
4250
而是只有一个你必须成为艺术家的理由，
14:03
Why we cannot be something is not important.
265
827575
1709
我们不能成为什么并不重要，
14:05
Most artists became artists because of the one reason.
266
829284
3150
大多数艺术家成为艺术家都只有一个原因，
14:08
When we put the devil in our heart to sleep and start our own art,
267
832434
3670
如果我们让内心的恶魔睡去并开始我们自己的艺术，
14:12
enemies appear on the outside.
268
836104
2334
敌人就被赶了出去，
14:14
Mostly, they have the faces of our parents. (Laughter)
269
838438
2856
通常，他们有着我们父母的面孔（大笑），
14:17
Sometimes they look like our spouses,
270
841294
3101
有时候他们看起来象我们的配偶，
14:20
but they are not your parents or spouses.
271
844395
1768
但是他们并不是你的父母或配偶，
14:22
They are devils. Devils.
272
846163
2894
他们是恶魔，恶魔。
14:24
They came to Earth briefly transformed
273
849057
1944
他们来到地球，经过巧妙转化，
14:26
to stop you from being artistic, from becoming artists.
274
851001
3946
来阻止你的艺术天赋，阻止你成为一个艺术家，
14:30
And they have a magic question.
275
854947
1922
他们有一个魔法问题，
14:32
When we say, "I think I'll try acting. There's a drama school in the community center," or
276
856869
6158
当我们说，“在社区中心有一个戏剧学校，我想尝试表演，”或
14:38
"I'd like to learn Italian songs," they ask, "Oh, yeah? A play? What for?"
277
863027
4477
“我想学习意大利歌曲。”他们就会问“噢，是吗？为了什么？”
14:43
The magic question is, "What for?"
278
867504
3662
这个魔法问题就是“为了什么？”
14:47
But art is not for anything.
279
871166
3712
但是艺术并不是为了什么，
14:50
Art is the ultimate goal.
280
874878
2254
艺术是一个终极目标，
14:53
It saves our souls and makes us live happily.
281
877132
4140
它拯救我们的灵魂，让我们快乐地生活，
14:57
It helps us express ourselves and be happy without the help of alcohol or drugs.
282
881272
5506
它帮助我们表达自我，让我们快乐，远离酒精和毒品，
15:02
So in response to such a pragmatic question,
283
886778
4325
所以对这样一个务实的问题，
15:07
we need to be bold.
284
891118
2419
我们需要勇敢地面对，
15:09
"Well, just for the fun of it. Sorry for having fun without you,"
285
893537
4444
“好吧，就是为了找乐子。对不起，没带你一起找乐子”
15:13
is what you should say. "I'll just go ahead and do it anyway."
286
897981
4025
或者你应该说，“不管怎样，我就这么地了”
15:17
The ideal future I imagine is where we all have multiple identities,
287
902006
5100
我想象理想的未来是，我们都有多重身份，
15:23
at least one of which is an artist.
288
907106
3781
其中至少有一个是艺术家，
15:26
Once I was in New York and got in a cab. I took the backseat,
289
910887
3169
有一次我到了纽约，上了一辆出租车，坐在后座，
15:29
and in front of me I saw something related to a play.
290
914056
4157
我看到我前面有些东西与戏剧有关，
15:34
So I asked the driver, "What is this?"
291
918213
1137
所以我就问司机，“这是什么？”
15:35
He said it was his profile. "Then what are you?" I asked. "An actor," he said.
292
919350
4045
他说这是他的简介，“那么你是干什么的？”我问。他说：“演员”
15:39
He was a cabby and an actor. I asked, "What roles do you usually play?"
293
923395
3423
他是一个出租车司机和一个演员
我问他“你通常扮演什么角色？”
我问他“你通常扮演什么角色？”
15:42
He proudly said he played King Lear.
294
926818
2026
他自豪地说他扮演李尔王。
15:44
King Lear.
295
928844
1445
李尔王！
15:46
"Who is it that can tell me who I am?" -- a great line from King Lear.
296
930289
1626
“谁能告诉我我是谁？”——李尔王中一句经典台词，
15:47
That's the world I dream of.
297
931915
3391
这就是我梦想的世界，
15:51
Someone is a golfer by day and writer by night.
298
935306
3935
有人白天是高尔夫球员晚上是作家，
15:55
Or a cabby and an actor, a banker and a painter,
299
939241
2519
或者出租车司机和演员，银行家和画家，
15:57
secretly or publicly performing their own arts.
300
941760
5576
秘密地或公开地表演他们自己的艺术。
16:03
In 1990, Martha Graham, the legend of modern dance, came to Korea.
301
947336
4871
玛莎•格拉汉姆，一个现代舞蹈的传奇人物，1990年来到韩国，
16:08
The great artist, then in her 90s, arrived at Gimpo Airport
302
952207
5756
伟大的艺术家，以她90多岁的高龄到达了金浦机场，
16:13
and a reporter asked her a typical question:
303
957979
3065
一个记者问了她一个很典型的问题：
16:16
"What do you have to do to become a great dancer?
304
961044
2607
“你怎么做才成为一个伟大的舞蹈家？
16:19
Any advice for aspiring Korean dancers?"
305
963651
2580
对有志的韩国舞蹈家有什么忠告吗？
16:22
Now, she was the master. This photo was taken in 1948 and she was already a celebrated artist.
306
966231
4995
现在她是大师级的人物，这张照片拍摄于1948年，那时她已经是知名艺术家了，
16:27
In 1990, she was asked this question.
307
971226
2191
但在1990年她被问到这样的问题，
16:29
And here's what she answered:
308
973417
2684
她是这么回答的：
16:32
"Just do it."
309
976101
3917
"Just do it." “只管去做吧”
16:35
Wow. I was touched.
310
980018
1518
喔，我被感动到了，
16:37
Only those three words and she left the airport. That's it.
311
981536
4092
只留下这三个字她就离开了机场，就这么多，
16:41
So what should we do now?
312
985628
3231
那么现在我们该干什么呢？
16:44
Let's be artists, right now. Right away. How?
313
988859
3726
让我们做个艺术家，此时、此地，怎么样？
16:48
Just do it!
314
992585
992
Just do it! “只管去做吧！”
16:49
Thank you.
315
993577
1614
谢谢！
16:51
(Applause)
316
995191
1804
（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Young-ha Kim - WriterOne of the premiere writers of his generation, Korean novelist Young-ha Kim weaves tales that speak to the thrills and challenges of young Koreans in our increasingly globalized and ever-changing world.
Why you should listen
Young-ha Kim wishes that his eighth grade teacher, rather than chiding him for a poorly-executed drawing with a sweeping backstory, had told him, “Well, Young-ha, you may not be good at drawing but you have a talent for storytelling.” Without encouragement, he took the long road toward becoming a writer.
Young-ha Kim published his debut novel, I Have the Right to Destroy Myself, in 1996. It won the esteemed Munhak-dongne prize, and was translated into French two years later. Followed by English and German translations, the book garnered Kim international recognition. Kim has since published five novels -- including The Empire of Light and Your Republic Is Calling You -- plus four collections of short stories.
Kim’s latest book, Black Flower, was sparked by a random conversation on a trans-Pacific flight. It tells the story of 1,033 Korean immigrants who found themselves sold into indentured servitude in Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula in 1905. Publisher's Weekly wrote of the novel in October of 2012, “Spare and beautiful, Kim’s novel offers a look at the roots of the little-known tribulations of the Korean diaspora in Mexico.”
Kim’s work mixes high and low genres and focuses on the issue of: what does it mean to be Korean in a globalized, quickly-changing world? His novels have served as a source of inspiration for Korean filmmakers -- two have already been adapted for the big screen with the film version of a third on its way.
Until 2008, Kim was a professor in the Drama School at Korean National University of Arts -- a post he left in 2008 to focus exclusively on writing.
Young-ha Kim | Speaker | TED.com