TEDxIndianapolis
John Green: The nerd's guide to learning everything online
约翰·格林: 书呆子在线学习指南
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Readability: 4.3
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我们中的一些人是班里的学霸，也有些人是学渣。但是学渣也热爱学习，也想了解世界上的新事物和锻炼自己的思维。我们只不过需要找到一个适合学习的地点，和一群志同道合的人。在这次精彩的演讲中，作家约翰·格林与我们分享了他在网络视频中发现的学习乐园。
John Green - Writer
The author of "The Fault in Our Stars" and "Paper Towns," John Green is a passionate online video maker. Full bio
The author of "The Fault in Our Stars" and "Paper Towns," John Green is a passionate online video maker. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
This is a map of New York State
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这是一张纽约州的地图，
由通用制图公司在1937年绘制。
00:15
that was made in 1937
by the General Drafting Company.
by the General Drafting Company.
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这张地图在地图发烧友中非常有名，
00:18
It's an extremely famous map
among cartography nerds,
among cartography nerds,
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因为在卡兹奇山山脚下，
00:22
because down here at the bottom
of the Catskill Mountains,
of the Catskill Mountains,
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有一个叫罗斯克的小镇，
00:24
there is a little town called Roscoe --
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还是放在大屏幕上看得比较清楚。
00:26
actually, this will go easier
if I just put it up here --
if I just put it up here --
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这是罗斯克，它的北边是
纽约州的罗克兰县，
纽约州的罗克兰县，
00:29
There's Roscoe, and then right
above Roscoe is Rockland, New York,
above Roscoe is Rockland, New York,
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再往北是纽约州的
另一个小镇叫阿格罗。
另一个小镇叫阿格罗。
00:33
and then right above that
is the tiny town of Agloe, New York.
is the tiny town of Agloe, New York.
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纽约州的阿格罗，
在地图发烧友中非常有名，
在地图发烧友中非常有名，
00:36
Agloe, New York, is very famous
to cartographers,
to cartographers,
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因为它并不存在。
00:39
because it's a paper town.
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它也被称为“版权陷阱”。
00:42
It's also known as a copyright trap.
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因为纽约州的形状，
不同制图人绘制的纽约州地图，
不同制图人绘制的纽约州地图，
00:44
Mapmakers -- because my map of New York
and your map of New York
and your map of New York
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看上去都很像——
00:47
are going to look very similar,
on account of the shape of New York --
on account of the shape of New York --
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所以制图人经常会在自己的地图里
加上几个不存在的地方，
加上几个不存在的地方，
00:51
often, mapmakers will insert
fake places onto their maps,
fake places onto their maps,
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为的是保护自己的版权。
00:56
in order to protect their copyright.
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因为如果这些假的地名
出现在你的地图上，
出现在你的地图上，
00:58
Because then, if my fake place
shows up on your map,
shows up on your map,
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我就能确信你盗了我的版。
01:01
I can be well and truly sure
that you have robbed me.
that you have robbed me.
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阿格罗实际上是这幅地图的
两名绘制者名字首字母相拼得来的，
两名绘制者名字首字母相拼得来的，
01:04
Agloe is a scrabblization of the initials
of the two guys who made this map,
of the two guys who made this map,
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欧内斯特·阿尔帕斯和奥托·G·林德伯格，
01:09
Ernest Alpers and Otto [G.] Lindberg,
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他们在1937年发布了这版地图。
01:12
and they released this map in 1937.
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几十年后，
兰德·麦克纳利出版了一份地图，
兰德·麦克纳利出版了一份地图，
01:15
Decades later, Rand McNally releases a map
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他的地图上也有纽约州阿格罗这个地方，
01:19
with Agloe, New York, on it,
at the same exact intersection
at the same exact intersection
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而且位置都一样，
在两条并不存在的道路的交汇处。
在两条并不存在的道路的交汇处。
01:23
of two dirt roads
in the middle of nowhere.
in the middle of nowhere.
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01:26
Well, you can imagine the delight
over at General Drafting.
over at General Drafting.
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可以想象，通用制图
（知道这个消息后）有多欢乐。
（知道这个消息后）有多欢乐。
他们立刻打电话给兰德·麦克纳利，说，
01:29
They immediately call
Rand McNally, and they say,
Rand McNally, and they say,
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“抓到你啦！
纽约州阿格罗是我们编出来的。
纽约州阿格罗是我们编出来的。
01:32
"We've caught you!
We made Agloe, New York, up.
We made Agloe, New York, up.
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这地方纯属虚构，并不存在。
01:36
It is a fake place. It's a paper town.
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我们要告得你倾家荡产！”
01:38
We're going to sue your pants off!"
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但兰德·麦克纳利说，
“不，不，不，阿格罗是存在的。”
“不，不，不，阿格罗是存在的。”
01:41
And Rand McNally says,
"No, no, no, no, Agloe is real."
"No, no, no, no, Agloe is real."
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01:46
Because people kept going
to that intersection of two dirt roads --
to that intersection of two dirt roads --
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因为人们不断地前往
那两条道路的交汇处，
那两条道路的交汇处，
（笑声）
01:51
(Laughter)
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希望在那个并不存在的地方，
找到一个叫阿格罗的地方——
找到一个叫阿格罗的地方——
01:52
in the middle of nowhere, expecting
there to be a place called Agloe --
there to be a place called Agloe --
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结果真有人建了一个地方叫
“纽约州阿格罗”。
“纽约州阿格罗”。
01:56
someone built a place
called Agloe, New York.
called Agloe, New York.
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（笑声）
02:00
(Laughter)
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那儿有一个加油站，一个百货商店，
山顶还有两座房子。
山顶还有两座房子。
02:01
It had a gas station, a general store,
two houses at its peak.
two houses at its peak.
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（笑声）
02:04
(Laughter)
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02:07
And this is of course a completely
irresistible metaphor to a novelist,
irresistible metaphor to a novelist,
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这对小说家而言具有
非常重要的象征意义，
非常重要的象征意义，
因为我们都愿意相信我们写下的东西
02:12
because we would all like to believe
that the stuff that we write down on paper
that the stuff that we write down on paper
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能够改变我们生活的这个世界，
02:16
can change the actual world
in which we're actually living,
in which we're actually living,
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所以我将我的
第三本小说命名为《纸镇》。
第三本小说命名为《纸镇》。
02:19
which is why my third book
is called "Paper Towns".
is called "Paper Towns".
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但其实让我更感兴趣的
并不是这件事是如何发生的，
并不是这件事是如何发生的，
02:22
But what interests me ultimately more
than the medium in which this happened,
than the medium in which this happened,
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而是这种现象本身。
02:26
is the phenomenon itself.
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02:29
It's easy enough to say that the world
shapes our maps of the world, right?
shapes our maps of the world, right?
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大家很容易会想到，世界地图
是由世界的形状决定的，对吗？
是由世界的形状决定的，对吗？
也就是说世界是什么样，
我们的地图就是什么样。
我们的地图就是什么样。
02:33
Like the overall shape of the world
is obviously going to affect our maps.
is obviously going to affect our maps.
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02:38
But what I find a lot more
interesting is the way
interesting is the way
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但我发现更有意思的是，
我们制作地图的方式
反过来也会改变世界的样子。
反过来也会改变世界的样子。
02:42
that the manner in which we map
the world changes the world.
the world changes the world.
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因为我们（印象中）的世界将会是另一个样子，
如果（地图的）下方是北。
如果（地图的）下方是北。
02:46
Because the world would truly be
a different place if North were down.
a different place if North were down.
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我们（印象中）的世界将会是另一个样子，
02:50
And the world would be
a truly different place
a truly different place
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如果我们不把阿拉斯加
和俄罗斯放在一起，隔海相望。
和俄罗斯放在一起，隔海相望。
02:52
if Alaska and Russia weren't
on opposite sides of the map.
on opposite sides of the map.
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我们（印象中）的世界将会是另一个样子，
02:56
And the world would be a different place
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如果我们按照欧洲的真实比例
来制作地图的话。
来制作地图的话。
02:57
if we projected Europe
to show it in its actual size.
to show it in its actual size.
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03:02
The world is changed
by our maps of the world.
by our maps of the world.
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我们（制作）的世界地图改变了世界。
03:06
The way that we choose -- sort of,
our personal cartographic enterprise,
our personal cartographic enterprise,
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而我们选择的（人生）道路——
就好比我们私人的地图制作公司，
就好比我们私人的地图制作公司，
绘制了我们人生的地图，
03:11
also shapes the map of our lives,
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它反过来会影响我们的人生。
03:14
and that in turn shapes our lives.
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我相信我们为自己绘制的地图，
能改变我们的人生。
能改变我们的人生。
03:16
I believe that what we map
changes the life we lead.
changes the life we lead.
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我说的并不是类似神秘的
“奥普拉天使网络”计划，
“奥普拉天使网络”计划，
03:20
And I don't mean that in some, like,
secret-y Oprah's Angels network, like,
secret-y Oprah's Angels network, like,
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或者 “人定胜天” 之类的心灵鸡汤。
03:25
you-can-think-your-way-
out-of-cancer sense.
out-of-cancer sense.
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但我确信一点，尽管地图
不能预测你的人生将走向何处，
不能预测你的人生将走向何处，
03:28
But I do believe that while maps don't
show you where you will go in your life,
show you where you will go in your life,
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但它至少能显示出一些可能性。
03:34
they show you where you might go.
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因为你不太可能去一个
你个人地图上都没有的地方。
你个人地图上都没有的地方。
03:36
You very rarely go to a place
that isn't on your personal map.
that isn't on your personal map.
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我小时候是一个非常糟糕的学生。
03:42
So I was a really terrible student
when I was a kid.
when I was a kid.
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我的平均绩点一直只有2分出头。
03:45
My GPA was consistently in the low 2s.
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03:48
And I think the reason that I was
such a terrible student
such a terrible student
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而我认为原因在于，
当时我觉得学校教育就像挡在我面前的
03:51
is that I felt like education
was just a series of hurdles
was just a series of hurdles
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一个个障碍物，
03:54
that had been erected before me,
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我需要一个接一个地跨越它们才能成年。
03:56
and I had to jump over
in order to achieve adulthood.
in order to achieve adulthood.
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而我真是不愿意去跨越这些障碍，
04:00
And I didn't really want
to jump over these hurdles,
to jump over these hurdles,
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因为在我看来教育常常是武断的，
所以我经常放弃，
所以我经常放弃，
04:03
because they seemed completely
arbitrary, so I often wouldn't,
arbitrary, so I often wouldn't,
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然后就会有各种人出来威胁我，
04:05
and then people would
threaten me, you know,
threaten me, you know,
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他们对我甩狠话，
“你的成绩会一直记在你的档案里，”
“你的成绩会一直记在你的档案里，”
04:08
they'd threaten me with this
"going on [my] permanent record,"
"going on [my] permanent record,"
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或者是“你永远找不到一份好工作。”
04:11
or "You'll never get a good job."
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我压根就不想找一份好工作好吗！
04:13
I didn't want a good job!
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我在十一、二岁的时候就明白，
04:15
As far as I could tell at eleven
or twelve years old,
or twelve years old,
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那些有好工作的人起得比鸟还早，
04:17
like, people with good jobs woke up
very early in the morning,
very early in the morning,
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（笑声）
04:20
(Laughter)
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而他们每天早上做的第一件事
04:23
and the men who had good jobs,
one of the first things they did
one of the first things they did
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就是把一根布条紧紧缠在自己脖子上。
04:27
was tie a strangulation item
of clothing around their necks.
of clothing around their necks.
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04:32
They literally put nooses on themselves,
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简直就是给自己套绞索，
然后他们出发去上班，
鬼知道那工作是什么。
鬼知道那工作是什么。
04:34
and then they went off to their jobs,
whatever they were.
whatever they were.
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04:37
That's not a recipe for a happy life.
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这不是幸福生活该有的样子。
这些人——在我这个痴迷符号的、
十二岁小孩的想象中——
十二岁小孩的想象中——
04:40
These people -- in my, symbol-obsessed,
twelve year-old imagination --
twelve year-old imagination --
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这些每天早上做的第一件事
04:44
these people who are strangling themselves
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就是给自己套上绞索的人，
04:46
as one of the first things
they do each morning,
they do each morning,
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他们怎么可能开心呢。
04:49
they can't possibly be happy.
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我怎么会愿意跨过重重障碍，
04:50
Why would I want to jump
over all of these hurdles
over all of these hurdles
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最后落得跟他们一样的下场呢？
04:53
and have that be the end?
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这下场太悲哀了！
04:55
That's a terrible end!
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04:57
And then, when I was in tenth grade,
I went to this school,
I went to this school,
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后来，在我十年级的时候，
我转学了，
我转学了，
我转到了一家名叫
“印第安泉”的小型寄宿学校，
“印第安泉”的小型寄宿学校，
05:00
Indian Springs School,
a small boarding school,
a small boarding school,
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位于阿拉巴马州伯明翰市郊区。
05:03
outside of Birmingham, Alabama.
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一夜之间我就成了个好学的人。
05:05
And all at once I became a learner.
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之所以有这种变化，是因为
05:09
And I became a learner,
because I found myself
because I found myself
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我加入了一个学习社团。
05:11
in a community of learners.
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我周围的人
05:13
I found myself surrounded by people
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全都信奉理智主义，喜欢与人交流，
05:15
who celebrated intellectualism
and engagement,
and engagement,
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他们觉得我那种自以为很酷的
逃避学习的行为
逃避学习的行为
05:18
and who thought that my ironic
oh-so-cool disengagement
oh-so-cool disengagement
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既不聪明，也很无聊，
05:22
wasn't clever, or funny,
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仅仅只是一种在面对复杂
而又无法逃避的问题时
而又无法逃避的问题时
05:24
but, like, it was a simple
and unspectacular response
and unspectacular response
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所采取的简单而不成熟的应对方式。
05:28
to very complicated
and compelling problems.
and compelling problems.
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于是我也开始学习，
因为学习这事儿变酷了。
因为学习这事儿变酷了。
05:30
And so I started to learn,
because learning was cool.
because learning was cool.
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我明白了无限集合也有大小之分，
05:33
I learned that some infinite sets
are bigger than other infinite sets,
are bigger than other infinite sets,
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我明白了什么是抑扬格五音步诗，
还有它为什么听起来那么悦耳。
还有它为什么听起来那么悦耳。
05:36
and I learned that iambic pentameter is
and why it sounds so good to human ears.
and why it sounds so good to human ears.
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我明白了南北战争实际上是民族冲突，
05:40
I learned that the Civil War
was a nationalizing conflict,
was a nationalizing conflict,
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我还学了点物理，
05:44
I learned some physics,
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明白了相关不蕴含因果，
05:45
I learned that correlation shouldn't be
confused with causation --
confused with causation --
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所有这些知识，
05:48
all of these things, by the way,
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让我的生活日渐丰富多彩。
05:50
enriched my life
on a literally daily basis.
on a literally daily basis.
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而这些知识中的大部分
跟我的工作没有任何关系，
跟我的工作没有任何关系，
05:54
And it's true that I don't use
most of them for my "job,"
most of them for my "job,"
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其实我想说的并不是我自己，
05:58
but that's not what it's about for me.
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而是如何绘制地图。
06:00
It's about cartography.
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地图是怎么绘制出来的呢？
06:02
What is the process of cartography?
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大体上，你航行到某一块陆地上，
06:04
It's, you know, sailing
upon some land, and thinking,
upon some land, and thinking,
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想着“我要把这块陆地画下来，”
06:07
"I think I'll draw that bit of land,"
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然后你就会想，
“也许还有其他陆地可以画。”
“也许还有其他陆地可以画。”
06:09
and then wondering, "Maybe there's
some more land to draw."
some more land to draw."
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我的学习就是从那时才真正开始的。
06:13
And that's when learning
really began for me.
really began for me.
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我的确遇到了没有放弃我的老师，
06:15
It's true that I had teachers
that didn't give up on me,
that didn't give up on me,
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能遇到他们是我的幸运，
06:18
and I was very fortunate
to have those teachers,
to have those teachers,
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因为我常常会让老师们觉得
在我身上浪费时间很不值。
在我身上浪费时间很不值。
06:20
because I often gave them cause to think
there was no reason to invest in me.
there was no reason to invest in me.
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06:25
But a lot of the learning
that I did in high school
that I did in high school
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然而我高中时期学习的大部分过程，
并没有发生在课堂上，
06:28
wasn't about what happened
inside the classroom,
inside the classroom,
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而是在放学后。
06:31
it was about what happened
outside of the classroom.
outside of the classroom.
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举个例子，我能背诵
06:33
For instance, I can tell you
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“冬日午后的阳光，
以特定角度穿堂——
以特定角度穿堂——
06:35
that "There's a certain Slant of light,
Winter Afternoons --
Winter Afternoons --
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那沉重的压迫啊，
似教堂圣歌在胸膛——”
似教堂圣歌在胸膛——”
06:38
That oppresses, like the Heft
Of Cathedral Tunes --"
Of Cathedral Tunes --"
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并不是因为我在高中课堂上
06:40
not because I memorized
Emily Dickinson in school
Emily Dickinson in school
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背熟了埃米莉·迪更生的诗，
06:43
when I was in high school,
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而是因为我高中班上有个女孩，
06:45
but because there was a girl
when I was in high school,
when I was in high school,
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名叫阿曼达，我很喜欢她，
06:47
and her name was Amanda,
and I had a crush on her,
and I had a crush on her,
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而她喜欢埃米莉·迪更生的诗。
06:50
and she liked Emily Dickinson poetry.
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而我知道什么是“机会成本”，是因为
06:52
The reason I can tell you
what opportunity cost is,
what opportunity cost is,
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有一天我躺在沙发上玩“超级玛丽赛车”，
06:55
is because one day when I was playing
Super Mario Kart on my couch,
Super Mario Kart on my couch,
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我的朋友艾米特走进来说，
06:59
my friend Emmet walked in, and he said,
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“你在这玩 ‘超级玛丽赛车’ 多久了？”
07:01
"How long have you been playing
Super Mario Kart?"
Super Mario Kart?"
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我说，“记不得了，也许，6个小时？”
07:03
And I said, "I don't know,
like, six hours?" and he said,
like, six hours?" and he said,
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他说，“你知道吗，你要是在
Baskin-Robbins冰激凌店打工6小时的话，
Baskin-Robbins冰激凌店打工6小时的话，
07:06
"Do you realize that if you'd worked
at Baskin-Robbins those six hours,
at Baskin-Robbins those six hours,
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你已经挣了30美元了，也就是说，
07:10
you could have made 30 dollars,
so in some ways,
so in some ways,
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你花了30美元来玩 ‘超级玛丽赛车’。”
07:12
you just paid thirty dollars
to play Super Mario Kart."
to play Super Mario Kart."
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而我说，“很便宜啊。”
07:15
And I was, like, "I'll take that deal."
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（笑声）
07:17
(Laughter)
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但（通过这件事）我学会了
什么是“机会成本”。
什么是“机会成本”。
07:20
But I learned what opportunity cost is.
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07:25
And along the way, the map
of my life got better.
of my life got better.
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就这样，我人生的地图慢慢完整起来。
版图不断扩大，地方也不断增多。
07:28
It got bigger; it contained more places.
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可能性越来越多，
07:31
There were more things that might happen,
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我的未来选择也越来越多。
07:33
more futures I might have.
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07:36
It wasn't a formal, organized
learning process,
learning process,
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当然这不是正规的，
有条理的学习过程，
有条理的学习过程，
我对此毫不避讳。
07:40
and I'm happy to admit that.
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这个过程断断续续，有时还前后矛盾，
很多事情我也没彻底弄明白。
很多事情我也没彻底弄明白。
07:41
It was spotty, it was inconsistent,
there was a lot I didn't know.
there was a lot I didn't know.
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比如说，我可能知道康托尔的理论，
07:45
I might know, you know, Cantor's idea
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无限集合也有大小之分，
07:47
that some infinite sets are larger
than other infinite sets,
than other infinite sets,
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但支持这个理论的微积分我就完全不懂。
07:50
but I didn't really understand
the calculus behind that idea.
the calculus behind that idea.
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我也许明白“机会成本”这个概念，
07:53
I might know the idea of opportunity cost,
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但是我不懂收益递减法则。
07:55
but I didn't know the law
of diminishing returns.
of diminishing returns.
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但将学习想象成绘制地图，
07:57
But the great thing about imagining
learning as cartography,
learning as cartography,
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而不是想象成一系列障碍，
08:00
instead of imagining it
as arbitrary hurdles
as arbitrary hurdles
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需要你一个个去跨越，
08:02
that you have to jump over,
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好处就在于，你能看见一点点海岸线，
这让你想更进一步，发现更多的东西。
这让你想更进一步，发现更多的东西。
08:04
is that you see a bit of coastline,
and that makes you want to see more.
and that makes you want to see more.
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所以我现在至少了解了微积分中
08:07
And so now I do know
at least some of the calculus
at least some of the calculus
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最最基础的知识。
08:10
that underlies all of that stuff.
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因此我在高中加入了
08:11
So, I had one learning community
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一个学习社团，然后在大学加入了另一个，
08:13
in high school, then I went
to another for college,
to another for college,
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工作后又加入另一个，
08:16
and then I went to another,
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当时我刚刚开始在一家名为
《书单》的杂志社工作，
《书单》的杂志社工作，
08:17
when I started working
at a magazine called "Booklist,"
at a magazine called "Booklist,"
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职务是助理，
身边是一群热爱读书的朋友。
身边是一群热爱读书的朋友。
08:20
where I was an assistant, surrounded
by astonishingly well-read people.
by astonishingly well-read people.
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之后我写了一本书。
08:23
And then I wrote a book.
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就像所有作家梦想的一样，
08:25
And like all authors dream of doing,
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我迅速辞职了。
08:27
I promptly quit my job.
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（笑声）
08:29
(Laughter)
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这是我自高中以来，
08:30
And for the first time since high school,
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第一次脱离了学习社团，这很痛苦。
08:32
I found myself without a learning
community, and it was miserable.
community, and it was miserable.
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我很不爽。
08:37
I hated it.
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在这两年期间，我读了很多书。
08:38
I read many, many books
during this two-year period.
during this two-year period.
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有关于斯大林的，
08:42
I read books about Stalin,
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关于乌兹别克斯坦人民
是怎么被视为穆斯林的，
是怎么被视为穆斯林的，
08:44
and books about how the Uzbek people
came to identify as Muslims,
came to identify as Muslims,
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甚至还有关于怎么制造原子弹的，
08:47
and I read books about
how to make atomic bombs,
how to make atomic bombs,
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但我的感觉并不好，
像是给自己制造了障碍，
像是给自己制造了障碍，
08:50
but it just felt like I was
creating my own hurdles,
creating my own hurdles,
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然后还要自己跨过去，
我完全感受不到
我完全感受不到
08:53
and then jumping over them myself,
instead of feeling the excitement
instead of feeling the excitement
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08:56
of being part of a community of learners,
a community of people
a community of people
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身处学习社团里时的那种兴奋，
09:00
who are engaged together
in the cartographic enterprise
in the cartographic enterprise
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当时的我们就像一群地图发烧友，
聚集在地图制作公司，
聚集在地图制作公司，
09:03
of trying to better understand
and map the world around us.
and map the world around us.
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试图更好地理解
和描绘我们所处的世界。
和描绘我们所处的世界。
然后，在2006年，我遇见了这个家伙。
09:07
And then, in 2006, I met that guy.
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他叫泽·弗兰克。
09:10
His name is Ze Frank.
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其实我们没有真正见面，
只是在网上。
只是在网上。
09:11
I didn't actually meet him,
just on the Internet.
just on the Internet.
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09:14
Ze Frank was running, at the time,
a show called "The Show with Ze Frank,"
a show called "The Show with Ze Frank,"
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当时他在做一个名叫
“泽·弗兰克秀”的节目，
“泽·弗兰克秀”的节目，
我发现了这个节目，
09:19
and I discovered the show,
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从此我便回归了学习社团。
09:21
and that was my way back
into being a community learner again.
into being a community learner again.
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下面是泽·弗兰克在介绍拉斯维加斯：
09:24
Here's Ze talking about Las Vegas:
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09:28
(Video) Ze Frank: Las Vegas was built
in the middle of a huge, hot desert.
in the middle of a huge, hot desert.
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（视频）泽·弗兰克：拉斯维加斯
建于一片广阔炎热的沙漠中心。
建于一片广阔炎热的沙漠中心。
这里的一切几乎都是从别处运来的——
09:31
Almost everything here was brought
from somewhere else --
from somewhere else --
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像这些岩石，树木，瀑布。
09:34
the sort of rocks, the trees,
the waterfalls.
the waterfalls.
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这些鱼出现在这儿，
就像猪会飞一样奇怪。
就像猪会飞一样奇怪。
09:36
These fish are almost as out of place
as my pig that flew.
as my pig that flew.
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这一切与周围酷热的沙漠
形成了鲜明的对比，
形成了鲜明的对比，
09:39
Contrasted to the scorching desert
that surrounds this place,
that surrounds this place,
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这里的人也一样。
09:42
so are these people.
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世界各地的景观在这里重建，
失去了历史的沉淀，
失去了历史的沉淀，
09:43
Things from all over the world have been
rebuilt here, away from their histories,
rebuilt here, away from their histories,
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人们对它们的感受变得单一。
09:47
and away from the people
that experience them differently.
that experience them differently.
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有时景观还会被改进——
比如斯芬克斯（狮身人面像）竟然隆鼻了。
比如斯芬克斯（狮身人面像）竟然隆鼻了。
09:50
Sometimes improvements were made --
even the Sphinx got a nose job.
even the Sphinx got a nose job.
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这里应有尽有，你不会感觉失落。
09:53
Here, there's no reason to feel
like you're missing anything.
like you're missing anything.
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这里的纽约在你我眼里都是一样的。
09:56
This New York means the same to me
as it does to everyone else.
as it does to everyone else.
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一切都脱离了原有的环境，
意味着这里的环境可以包容一切：
意味着这里的环境可以包容一切：
09:59
Everything is out of context, and that
means context allows for everything:
means context allows for everything:
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自助停车，活动中心，鲨鱼礁。
10:03
Self Parking, Events Center, Shark Reef.
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拉斯维加斯的建造，
也许是世界上最伟大的成就之一，
也许是世界上最伟大的成就之一，
10:04
This fabrication of place could be one
of the world's greatest achievements,
of the world's greatest achievements,
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因为无人属于这里，
而人人都属于这里。
而人人都属于这里。
10:08
because no one belongs here;
everyone does.
everyone does.
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今早我四处闲逛的时候，
我注意到大多数建筑物
我注意到大多数建筑物
10:10
As I walked around this morning,
I noticed most of the buildings
I noticed most of the buildings
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就像巨大的镜子一样
将阳光反射到沙漠里。
将阳光反射到沙漠里。
10:13
were huge mirrors reflecting
the sun back into the desert.
the sun back into the desert.
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但它们又与镜子不同，
10:16
But unlike most mirrors,
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因为镜子会反映出你和你周围的景象，
10:17
which present you with an outside view
of yourself embedded in a place,
of yourself embedded in a place,
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而这些建筑反映的只是一片虚无。
10:21
these mirrors come back empty.
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约翰·格林（JG）：
让我回想起那些旧时光，
让我回想起那些旧时光，
10:22
John Green: Makes me
nostalgic for the days
nostalgic for the days
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当时的在线视频居然还能看出像素点。
10:24
when you could see
the pixels in online video.
the pixels in online video.
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（笑声）
10:26
(Laughter)
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泽不仅是一名出色的公知，
而且是一名优秀的社团组织者，
而且是一名优秀的社团组织者，
10:27
Ze isn't just a great public intellectual,
he's also a brilliant community builder,
he's also a brilliant community builder,
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因为这些视频而聚集到一起的这些人，
10:32
and the community of people
that built up around these videos
that built up around these videos
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在很大程度上而言组成了一个学习社团。
10:34
was in many ways a community of learners.
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2012
10:36
So we played Ze Frank at chess
collaboratively, and we beat him.
collaboratively, and we beat him.
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我们与泽·弗兰克下国际象棋，
多对一，结果我们赢了。
多对一，结果我们赢了。
我们带着一个年轻人自驾游走遍了美国。
10:40
We organized ourselves to take a young man
on a road trip across the United States.
on a road trip across the United States.
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我们把地球变成了一个三明治，
10:44
We turned the Earth into a sandwich,
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方法是让一个人举着一片面包
站在地球的某一处，
站在地球的某一处，
10:46
by having one person hold a piece of bread
at one point on the Earth,
at one point on the Earth,
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然后在地球对面相对的地点，
10:50
and on the exact opposite
point of the Earth,
point of the Earth,
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安排另一个人也举着片面包。
10:52
have another person
holding a piece of bread.
holding a piece of bread.
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10:55
I realize that these are silly ideas,
but they are also "learny" ideas,
but they are also "learny" ideas,
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我知道这主意很蠢，
但是也有值得学习的地方不是吗，
但是也有值得学习的地方不是吗，
而这让我非常兴奋，
11:01
and that was what was so exciting to me,
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如果你在网上搜一下，
你能找到很多类似的社团。
你能找到很多类似的社团。
11:03
and if you go online, you can find
communities like this all over the place.
communities like this all over the place.
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如果你在Tumblr搜索微积分的标签，
11:07
Follow the calculus tag on Tumblr,
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没错，你会看到很多人在吐槽微积分，
11:09
and yes, you will see people
complaining about calculus,
complaining about calculus,
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2651
但同时你也会发现有很多人转发这些吐槽，
11:11
but you'll also see people
re-blogging those complaints,
re-blogging those complaints,
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然后争论其实微积分很有趣也非常美，
11:14
making the argument that calculus
is interesting and beautiful,
is interesting and beautiful,
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3184
一些你自己无法解答的问题，
都可以在上面找到思路。
都可以在上面找到思路。
11:17
and here's a way in to thinking about
the problem that you find unsolvable.
the problem that you find unsolvable.
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你可以去Reddit这样的网站，
找到sub-Reddit栏目，
找到sub-Reddit栏目，
11:21
You can go to places like Reddit,
and find sub-Reddits,
and find sub-Reddits,
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比如“向历史学家提问”或者“了解科学知识”，
11:24
like "Ask a Historian" or "Ask Science,"
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2618
你可以向相关领域专家提问，
11:27
where you can ask people
who are in these fields
who are in these fields
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什么问题都可以，
11:30
a wide range of questions,
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从国计民生到花边新闻。
11:31
from very serious ones to very silly ones.
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然而对我而言，网上出现的
11:34
But to me, the most interesting
communities of learners
communities of learners
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最吸引人的学习社区是YouTube，
11:37
that are growing up on the Internet
right now are on YouTube,
right now are on YouTube,
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我承认，我是脑残粉。
11:40
and admittedly, I am biased.
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但我觉得，从多方面来看，
YouTube页面就像一间教室。
YouTube页面就像一间教室。
11:41
But I think in a lot of ways,
the YouTube page resembles a classroom.
the YouTube page resembles a classroom.
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举个例子，《一分钟学物理》这个视频，
11:46
Look for instance at "Minute Physics,"
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1824
这个人在教全世界学物理：
11:48
a guy who's teaching
the world about physics:
the world about physics:
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（视频）言归正传。
11:50
(Video) Let's cut to the chase.
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1501
2012年7月4日，希格斯玻色子
通过实验被发现，
通过实验被发现，
11:52
As of July 4, 2012, the Higgs boson
is the last fundamental piece
is the last fundamental piece
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11:55
of the standard model of particle physics
to be discovered experimentally.
to be discovered experimentally.
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补全了粒子物理学
标准模型的最后一块。
标准模型的最后一块。
但是你们也许会问，
为什么希格斯玻色子
为什么希格斯玻色子
11:59
But, you might ask,
why was the Higgs boson
why was the Higgs boson
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会被包含在标准模型中，
12:01
included in the standard model,
242
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1486
而其他著名的粒子比如电子、
光子和夸克则被排除在外。
光子和夸克则被排除在外。
12:02
alongside well-known particles
like electrons and photons and quarks,
like electrons and photons and quarks,
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仅仅因为它不是在70年代被发现的吗？
12:06
if it hadn't been discovered
back then in the 1970s?
back then in the 1970s?
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问得好。原因主要有两点。
12:08
Good question. There are two main reasons.
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首先，正如电子是
电场中的一种激发现象，
电场中的一种激发现象，
12:10
First, just like the electron
is an excitation in the electron field,
is an excitation in the electron field,
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希格斯玻色子同样也是一种激发现象，
12:14
the Higgs boson is simply a particle
which is an excitation
which is an excitation
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发生于无处不在的希格斯场。
12:16
of the everywhere-permeating Higgs field.
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而反过来，希格斯场在
我们的弱相互作用模型中
我们的弱相互作用模型中
12:18
The Higgs field in turn
plays an integral role
plays an integral role
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又扮演了不可或缺的角色。
12:21
in our model for the weak nuclear force.
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特别是它解释了
为什么弱相互作用这么“弱”。
为什么弱相互作用这么“弱”。
12:23
In particular, the Higgs field
helps explain why it's so weak.
helps explain why it's so weak.
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关于这一点我们将在
后面的视频详细介绍，
后面的视频详细介绍，
12:26
We'll talk more about this
in a later video,
in a later video,
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但是尽管弱相互作用理论
在80年代就被证实了，但在这些等式中，
在80年代就被证实了，但在这些等式中，
12:28
but even though weak nuclear theory was
confirmed in the 1980s, in the equations,
confirmed in the 1980s, in the equations,
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希格斯场与弱相互作用力
是如此纠缠不清，
是如此纠缠不清，
12:32
the Higgs field is so inextricably jumbled
with the weak force, that until now
with the weak force, that until now
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以至于到现在我们也无法证明
希格斯场确实是单独存在的。
希格斯场确实是单独存在的。
12:35
we've been unable to confirm
its actual and independent existence.
its actual and independent existence.
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12:39
JG: Or here's a video that I made
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JG：还有这个视频，
是我的节目《速成班》中的一期，
讲的是第一次世界大战：
讲的是第一次世界大战：
12:40
as part of my show "Crash Course,"
talking about World War I:
talking about World War I:
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（视频）直接起因当然是
发生在萨拉热窝的刺杀事件，
发生在萨拉热窝的刺杀事件，
12:44
(Video) The immediate cause was
of course the assassination in Sarajevo
of course the assassination in Sarajevo
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奥地利大公弗朗茨·费迪南遇刺身亡，
12:47
of the Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand,
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发生在1914年6月28日，刺客是
塞尔维亚民族主义者加夫里洛·普林西普。
塞尔维亚民族主义者加夫里洛·普林西普。
12:49
on June 28, 1914, by a Bosnian-Serb
nationalist named Gavrilo Princip.
nationalist named Gavrilo Princip.
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说句题外话：二十世纪
12:54
Quick aside: It's worth noting
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第一场大战起源于
一次恐怖主义行动，
一次恐怖主义行动，
12:55
that the first big war
of the twentieth century began
of the twentieth century began
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12:58
with an act of terrorism.
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真是让人无语。
弗朗茨·费迪南其实
并不怎么讨他叔叔喜欢，
并不怎么讨他叔叔喜欢，
12:59
So Franz Ferdinand
wasn't particularly well-liked
wasn't particularly well-liked
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13:01
by his uncle, the emperor Franz Joseph --
now that is a mustache!
now that is a mustache!
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他叔叔是弗朗茨·约瑟夫皇帝。
就是这位大胡子老兄！
就是这位大胡子老兄！
但尽管如此，此次刺杀事件还是导致
奥地利向塞尔维亚发出最后通牒，
奥地利向塞尔维亚发出最后通牒，
13:05
But even so, the assassination led Austria
to issue an ultimatum to Serbia,
to issue an ultimatum to Serbia,
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而塞尔维亚只是满足了
奥地利的部分要求，
奥地利的部分要求，
13:09
whereupon Serbia accepted some,
but not all, of Austria's demands,
but not all, of Austria's demands,
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13:12
leading Austria to declare
war against Serbia.
war against Serbia.
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从而导致奥地利向塞尔维亚宣战。
然后塞尔维亚的盟国俄罗斯，
开始调遣军队。
开始调遣军队。
13:14
And then Russia, due to its alliance
with the Serbs, mobilized its army.
with the Serbs, mobilized its army.
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奥地利的盟国德国，
13:18
Germany, because it had
an alliance with Austria,
an alliance with Austria,
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要求俄罗斯停止调遣军队，
13:20
told Russia to stop mobilizing,
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俄罗斯当然是拒绝的，于是德国
也开始调集自己的军队，
也开始调集自己的军队，
13:22
which Russia failed to do, so then Germany
mobilized its own army,
mobilized its own army,
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与奥斯曼土耳其结成同盟，
向俄罗斯宣战，
向俄罗斯宣战，
13:25
declared war on Russia,
cemented an alliance with the Ottomans,
cemented an alliance with the Ottomans,
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然后又向法国宣战，
法国嘛，你懂的。
法国嘛，你懂的。
13:28
and then declared war on France,
because, you know, France.
because, you know, France.
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（笑声）
13:32
(Laughter)
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除了物理和世界历史，
13:35
And it's not just physics
and world history
and world history
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13:37
that people are choosing
to learn through YouTube.
to learn through YouTube.
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人们还可以在YouTube上
选择学习其他东西。
选择学习其他东西。
下面是一个关于抽象数学的视频。
13:41
Here's a video about abstract mathematics.
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13:46
(Video) So you're me, and you're
in math class yet again,
in math class yet again,
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（视频）假设你是我，你再次
来到了数学课堂上，
来到了数学课堂上，
因为数学课每天都有。
13:48
because they make you go every single day.
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2002
你现在学的，可能是无穷级数求和。
13:50
And you're learning about, I don't know,
the sums of infinite series.
the sums of infinite series.
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是高中的题，对吗？
13:54
That's a high school topic, right?
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这事儿很怪，因为本来这道题很有趣，
但他们（老师）总是有办法把它毁掉。
但他们（老师）总是有办法把它毁掉。
13:55
Which is odd, because it's a cool topic,
but they somehow manage to ruin it anyway.
but they somehow manage to ruin it anyway.
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我想这就是为什么
他们会把无穷级数列入课程吧。
他们会把无穷级数列入课程吧。
13:59
So I guess that's why they allow
infinite series in the curriculum.
infinite series in the curriculum.
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因为无聊的原因，
你可能会一边在本子上乱画
你可能会一边在本子上乱画
14:02
So, in a quite understandable need
for distraction, you're doodling
for distraction, you're doodling
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一边在想，“级数”这个词的
复数形式应该是什么，
复数形式应该是什么，
14:06
and thinking more about what
the plural of "series" should be
the plural of "series" should be
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而没有想这道题本身："serieses,"
"seriese," "seriesen," 还是 "serii?"
"seriese," "seriesen," 还是 "serii?"
14:09
than about the topic at hand: "serieses,"
"seriese," "seriesen," and "serii?"
"seriese," "seriesen," and "serii?"
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3642
或者单数形式是不规则变化：
一个"serie," 或者"serum,"
一个"serie," 或者"serum,"
14:12
Or is it that the singular should be
changed: one "serie," or "serum,"
changed: one "serie," or "serum,"
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就像“sheep”的单数应该是“shoop”。
14:16
just like the singular of "sheep"
should be "shoop."
should be "shoop."
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2444
但是这个概念，
14:18
But the whole concept of things
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就像1/2+1/4+1/8+1/16并以此类推，
直到无穷接近于1，在什么时候有用呢，
直到无穷接近于1，在什么时候有用呢，
14:20
like 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/16 and so on
approaches one, is useful if, say,
approaches one, is useful if, say,
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你想画一排大象，
14:23
you want to draw a line of elephants,
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每一只都叼着下一只的尾巴：
14:25
each holding the tail of the next one:
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普通大象，年轻大象，
婴儿大象，像狗那么大的大象，
婴儿大象，像狗那么大的大象，
14:27
normal elephant, young elephant,
baby elephant, dog-sized elephant,
baby elephant, dog-sized elephant,
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像小狗那么大的大象，
一直小到看不见。
一直小到看不见。
14:30
puppy-sized elephant, all the way
down to Mr. Tusks and beyond.
down to Mr. Tusks and beyond.
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这么想还是挺神奇的，
14:33
Which is at least a tiny bit awesome,
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1781
因为你可以画无穷多的大象站成一排，
14:35
because you can get an infinite number
of elephants in a line,
of elephants in a line,
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2947
仅仅只需要一张笔记本纸就能画下。
14:38
and still have it fit across
a single notebook page.
a single notebook page.
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2453
JG：最后是《每天聪明一点点》的
德斯丁，
德斯丁，
14:40
JG: And lastly, here's Destin,
from "Smarter Every Day,"
from "Smarter Every Day,"
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2622
为我们讲述动量守恒，
14:43
talking about the conservation
of angular momentum,
of angular momentum,
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2409
由于是在YouTube上，
所以他用猫来举例：
所以他用猫来举例：
14:45
and, since it's YouTube, cats:
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（视频）嗨，我是德斯丁，
欢迎再次收看《每天聪明一点点》。
欢迎再次收看《每天聪明一点点》。
14:47
(Video) Hey, it's me, Destin.
Welcome back to "Smarter Every Day."
Welcome back to "Smarter Every Day."
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也许你们注意到了，
猫在落地的时候总是脚先着地。
猫在落地的时候总是脚先着地。
14:50
So you've probably observed that cats
almost always land on their feet.
almost always land on their feet.
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3342
今天我们就来讲讲这是为什么。
14:53
Today's question is: why?
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1960
大多数简单的问题
都有一个异常复杂的答案。
都有一个异常复杂的答案。
14:55
Like most simple questions,
there's a very complex answer.
there's a very complex answer.
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2756
所以，我来换一种问法：
14:58
For instance, let me reword this question:
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2010
为什么猫在一个下降坐标系中，
可以将四脚朝天的姿态调整为四脚着地，
可以将四脚朝天的姿态调整为四脚着地，
15:00
How does a cat go from feet-up
to feet-down in a falling reference frame,
to feet-down in a falling reference frame,
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而又不违反角动量守恒呢？
15:05
without violating the conservation
of angular momentum?
of angular momentum?
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2965
（笑声）
15:08
(Laughter)
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896456
1011
JG：这四个视频有一些共同之处：
15:09
JG: So, here's something all four
of these videos have in common:
of these videos have in common:
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15:13
They all have more than half
a million views on YouTube.
a million views on YouTube.
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它们在YouTube上的
观看数都超过了50万。
观看数都超过了50万。
虽然观看的人没有坐在教室里，
15:16
And those are people watching
not in classrooms,
not in classrooms,
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3069
但他们都是学习社团的一部分，
15:19
but because they are part
of the communities of learning
of the communities of learning
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3641
而学习社团就是由这些
（YouTube）频道组成的。
（YouTube）频道组成的。
15:23
that are being set up by these channels.
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2015
15:25
And I said earlier that YouTube
is like a classroom to me,
is like a classroom to me,
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2731
我之前说过，YouTube对我而言就像教室，
因为它跟教室很像，
有老师在讲课，
有老师在讲课，
15:28
and in many ways it is,
because here is the instructor --
because here is the instructor --
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就像传统的课堂：
老师在前面讲，
老师在前面讲，
15:31
it's like the old-fashioned classroom:
here's the instructor,
here's the instructor,
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3018
学生坐在下面听，
15:34
and then beneath the instructor
are the students,
are the students,
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2323
而且他们还可以交流。
15:36
and they're all having a conversation.
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2071
我知道YouTube的评论在互联网世界里
15:38
And I know that YouTube comments
have a very bad reputation
have a very bad reputation
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4029
名声非常不好，
15:42
in the world of the Internet,
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但实际上，如果你去看这些频道的评论，
15:44
but in fact, if you go on comments
for these channels,
for these channels,
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3071
你会发现人们真的在讨论视频的内容，
15:47
what you'll find is people engaging
the subject matter,
the subject matter,
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3155
他们会针对视频内容问各种复杂的问题，
15:50
asking difficult, complicated questions
that are about the subject matter,
that are about the subject matter,
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4247
其他网友则会回答这些问题。
15:54
and then other people
answering those questions.
answering those questions.
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2738
因为YouTube页面是设定好的，
所以我刚刚讲一战的那个网页，
所以我刚刚讲一战的那个网页，
15:57
And because the YouTube page is set up so
that the page in which I'm talking to you
that the page in which I'm talking to you
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4834
会和你们发表的评论，
16:02
is on the exact -- the place where I'm
talking to you is on the exact same page
talking to you is on the exact same page
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3843
在同一个页面出现，
16:06
as your comments,
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1158
你们参与的是一个实时的、
真实的、活跃的对话。
真实的、活跃的对话。
16:07
you are participating in a live and real
and active way in the conversation.
and active way in the conversation.
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5632
因为我也经常发表评论，
所以我也跟大家一起在参与。
所以我也跟大家一起在参与。
16:13
And because I'm in comments usually,
I get to participate with you.
I get to participate with you.
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3571
这些（评论）有关于世界历史的，
16:16
And you find this
whether it's world history,
whether it's world history,
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2454
关于数学的，或者科学的，
包罗万象。
包罗万象。
16:19
or mathematics, or science,
or whatever it is.
or whatever it is.
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3062
你还发现年轻人在使用互联网工具，
16:22
You also see young people using the tools
and the sort of genres of the Internet
and the sort of genres of the Internet
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5618
来创建可以进行知识交流的空间，
16:27
in order to create places
for intellectual engagement,
for intellectual engagement,
334
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3077
而不是宣扬可笑的反智主义，
16:31
instead of the ironic detachment
335
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1600
这也许会让我们大多数人
联想起另一种互联网对话，
联想起另一种互联网对话，
16:32
that maybe most of us associate with memes
and other Internet conventions --
and other Internet conventions --
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4697
类似于，“太无聊了，于是发明了微积分。”
16:37
you know, "Got bored. Invented calculus."
337
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2524
16:39
Or, here's Honey Boo Boo
criticizing industrial capitalism:
criticizing industrial capitalism:
338
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3451
或者就像哈尼布布批判工业资本主义：
16:43
["Liberal capitalism is not at all
the Good of humanity.
the Good of humanity.
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2666
16:46
Quite the contrary; it is the vehicle
of savage, destructive nihilism."]
of savage, destructive nihilism."]
340
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3559
给你们几秒钟看一下她说的——
字幕：“自由资本主义（展现的）
并不是人类的优点。
并不是人类的优点。
16:49
In case you can't see
what she says ... yeah.
what she says ... yeah.
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2284
恰恰相反，它就像野人开的汽车，
既虚无又具有破坏性。”
既虚无又具有破坏性。”
16:52
I really believe that these spaces,
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我确信，这些（网络上的）空间，
这些社团，已经成为新一代学习者的
16:56
these communities, have become
for a new generation of learners,
for a new generation of learners,
343
1004006
5033
学习园地，（就像前面说到的）
地图爱好者社团，
地图爱好者社团，
17:01
the kind of communities,
the kind of cartographic communities
the kind of cartographic communities
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4365
就像我在高中和大学时代
曾经参加过的学习社团一样。
曾经参加过的学习社团一样。
17:05
that I had when I was in high school,
and then again when I was in college.
and then again when I was in college.
345
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4543
作为一个成年人，再次找到这样的社团，
17:10
And as an adult, re-finding
these communities
these communities
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3269
让我重新成为一名学习者，
17:13
has re-introduced me
to a community of learners,
to a community of learners,
347
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3310
鼓励我在成年之后继续学习，
17:16
and has encouraged me to continue
to be a learner even in my adulthood,
to be a learner even in my adulthood,
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4898
因此我不再觉得学习是年轻人的专利。
17:21
so that I no longer feel like learning
is something reserved for the young.
is something reserved for the young.
349
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4711
怀·哈特和《一分钟学物理》带我了解了
17:26
Vi Hart and "Minute Physics" introduced me
350
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2223
以前从未涉足过的领域。
17:28
to all kinds of things
that I didn't know before.
that I didn't know before.
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2800
17:31
And I know that we all hearken back
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1679
我知道我们都憧憬过
文艺复兴时代的巴黎沙龙，
17:33
to the days of the Parisian salon
in the Enlightenment,
in the Enlightenment,
353
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3086
或者阿尔冈琴圆桌会议，感慨着，
17:36
or to the Algonquin Round Table, and wish,
354
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2029
17:38
"Oh, I wish I could have been
a part of that,
a part of that,
355
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2125
“啊，我多希望能置身其中，
我多希望能听听多萝西·帕克讲的笑话。”
17:40
I wish I could have laughed
at Dorothy Parker's jokes."
at Dorothy Parker's jokes."
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2845
但我要告诉你们，这些地方真的还存在。
17:43
But I'm here to tell you that these places
exist, they still exist.
exist, they still exist.
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它们存在于互联网的角落，
老年人不敢涉足的角落。
老年人不敢涉足的角落。
17:48
They exist in corners of the Internet,
where old men fear to tread.
where old men fear to tread.
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4529
（笑声）
17:53
(Laughter)
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1003
我真心相信，当我们在60年代
捏造了纽约州阿格罗这个地方时，
捏造了纽约州阿格罗这个地方时，
17:54
And I truly, truly believe that when
we invented Agloe, New York, in the 1960s,
we invented Agloe, New York, in the 1960s,
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1062020
6825
当我们将阿格罗变为现实时，
我们（的旅途）才刚刚开始。
我们（的旅途）才刚刚开始。
18:01
when we made Agloe real,
we were just getting started.
we were just getting started.
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谢谢大家。
18:05
Thank you.
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（掌声）
18:06
(Applause)
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2581
Reviewed by Mae He
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
John Green - WriterThe author of "The Fault in Our Stars" and "Paper Towns," John Green is a passionate online video maker.
Why you should listen
John Green is the author of Looking for Alaska, An Abundance of Katherines, Paper Towns, and The Fault in Our Stars. He is also the coauthor, with David Levithan, of Will Grayson, Will Grayson.
In 2007, Green and his brother Hank ceased textual communication and began to talk primarily through videoblogs posted to YouTube. The videos spawned a community of people called nerdfighters who fight for intellectualism and to decrease the overall worldwide level of suck. (Decreasing suck takes many forms: Nerdfighters have raised hundreds of thousands of dollars to fight poverty in the developing world; they also planted thousands of trees around the world in May of 2010 to celebrate Hank’s 30th birthday.) Although they have long since resumed textual communication, John and Hank continue to upload two videos a week to their YouTube channel, vlogbrothers. Their videos have been viewed more than 500 million times, and their channel is one of the most popular in the history of online video.
John Green | Speaker | TED.com