TED1998
Billy Graham: On technology and faith
Billy Graham (葛理翰) 談科技、信仰、苦難
Filmed:
Readability: 3.6
2,963,155 views
此次演講是 1998 年在 TED 進行的，在講話中 Billy Graham (葛理翰) 對技術進步給人們生活和整個世界所帶來的改變感到驚歎，但同時他又指出只有全世界都接受基督，才能從邪惡、苦難、死亡的困擾中解脫出來。此次演講也是 TED 的一項珍藏。
Billy Graham - Preacher
In his long career as a religious evangelist, the Rev. Billy Graham spoken to millions around the world and served as advisor to US presidents. Full bio
In his long career as a religious evangelist, the Rev. Billy Graham spoken to millions around the world and served as advisor to US presidents. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:37
As a clergyman,
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作為一名神職人員，
00:39
you can imagine how
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你們可以想像我在這樣一個場合演講
00:41
out of place I feel.
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感覺多麼格格不入。
00:43
I feel like a fish out of water,
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這種感覺就像魚離開了水，
00:46
or maybe an owl out of the air.
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就像貓頭鷹離開了天空。
00:49
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑聲）
00:52
I was preaching in San Jose some time ago,
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以前有段時間我曾在 San Jose 傳道，
00:55
and my friend Mark Kvamme,
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我的朋友 Mark Kvamme 當時也在那，
00:58
who helped introduce me
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就是他幫我引薦
01:00
to this conference,
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來到 TED 的，
01:03
brought several CEOs
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他介紹我認識了幾名 CEO
01:05
and leaders
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以及企業高層，
01:08
of some of the companies here in the Silicon Valley
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他們都在矽谷這兒工作，
01:11
to have breakfast with me, or I with them.
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我們一起吃早餐。
01:15
And I was so stimulated.
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他們對我觸動很大。
01:18
And had such -- it was an
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真的是--
01:20
eye-opening experience
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讓我大開眼界，
01:24
to hear them talk about
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聽他們談論
01:26
the world that is yet to come
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未來的世界
01:30
through technology
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將如何因技術
01:32
and science.
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和科學而改變。
01:35
I know that we're near the end of this conference,
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我知道這次論壇快接近尾聲了，
01:39
and some of you may be wondering
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你們當中也許有人會感到奇怪，
01:41
why they have a speaker
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為什麼大會組織者會邀請
01:43
from the field of religion.
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一位宗教界人士來此演講。
01:48
Richard can answer that,
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對此，Richard 會來解答，
01:50
because he made that decision.
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因為是他做的這個決定。
01:52
But some years ago I was on an elevator in Philadelphia,
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記得幾年前有一次我在費城，
01:55
coming down.
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當時正坐電梯下樓，
01:57
I was to address a conference
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要去參加一個會議，
01:59
at a hotel.
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地點是一個飯店。
02:01
And on that elevator a man said,
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當時在電梯裡有個人說，
02:03
"I hear Billy Graham is staying in this hotel."
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「我聽說葛理翰現在就在這個飯店裡。」
02:06
And another man looked in my direction and said,
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接著，電梯裡另外一個人朝我看了看，然後說，
02:09
"Yes, there he is. He's on this elevator with us."
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「是的，他就在這個電梯裡。」
02:12
And this man looked me up and down
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這時先說話的那個人對著我上下打量了
02:14
for about 10 seconds,
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大約十秒鐘，
02:16
and he said, "My, what an anticlimax!"
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然後說，「天哪，我白激動了！」
02:18
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑聲）
02:23
I hope
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我希望--
02:27
that you won't feel that these few moments with me
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今天在座各位和我共處的這一刻
02:29
is not a -- is an anticlimax,
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不會覺得失望，
02:32
after all these tremendous
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前面的
02:34
talks that you've heard,
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演講都很精彩，
02:37
and addresses, which I intend to listen to every one of them.
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我想每一個都聽完。
02:40
But I was
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我想起
02:43
on an airplane in the east some years ago,
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幾年前我在東部乘飛機的一次經歷，
02:47
and the man sitting across the aisle from me
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當時隔著走道坐在我隔壁的，
02:50
was the mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina.
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是北卡羅來納州夏洛特市的市長，
02:52
His name was John Belk. Some of you will probably know him.
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他叫 John Belk, 你們當中也許有人知道他。
02:56
And there was a drunk man on there,
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當時，飛機上還有個喝醉酒的，
02:58
and he got up out of his seat two or three times,
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他從座位上起來兩三次，
03:00
and he was making everybody upset
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攪得其他人不得安寧，
03:02
by what he was trying to do.
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他甚至還
03:04
And he was slapping the stewardess
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對空姐動手動腳，
03:06
and pinching her as she went by,
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向她揩油，
03:09
and everybody was upset with him.
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他的舉動讓其他人都受不了。
03:13
And finally, John Belk said,
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最後，John Belk 開口說道，
03:15
"Do you know who's sitting here?"
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「你知道誰坐在這兒嗎？」
03:18
And the man said, "No, who?"
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那個喝醉酒的說，「不知道。」
03:20
He said, "It's Billy Graham,
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John Belk 告訴他，「葛理翰，
03:22
the preacher."
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那個佈道家。」
03:24
He said, "You don't say!"
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那個喝醉酒的說，「真沒想到！」
03:26
And he turned to me, and he said, "Put her there!"
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接著，他對我說道，「真的是您！
03:29
He said, "Your sermons have certainly helped me."
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您的講道使我獲益良多。」
03:32
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑聲）
03:40
And I suppose that that's true
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我想他說的是真的，
03:42
with thousands of people.
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許多聽我講道的人也同樣得到了幫助。
03:44
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑聲）
03:51
I know that as you have been peering into the future,
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我知道你們都是著眼未來的人，
03:55
and as we've heard some of it here tonight,
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今晚從你們的演講中，我聽到了你們對未來的一些設想，
03:59
I would like to live in that age
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我真想生活在那樣的未來，
04:02
and see what is going to be.
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親眼看看未來會發展成什麼樣。
04:05
But I won't,
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但我無法完成這個願望了，
04:07
because I'm 80 years old. This is my eightieth year,
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因為今年我已經 80 歲了，
04:10
and I know that my time is brief.
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我知道我剩下的時間不多了。
04:15
I have phlebitis at the moment, in both legs,
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我雙腿都得了靜脈炎，
04:18
and that's the reason that I had to have a little help in getting up here,
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所以剛才我上台時需要人扶著，
04:21
because I have Parkinson's disease
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我還有帕金森氏症，
04:22
in addition to that,
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此外，
04:24
and some other problems that I won't talk about.
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還有些其他問題，我就不提了。
04:27
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑聲）
04:29
But this is not the first time
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這並不是人類第一次
04:31
that we've had a technological revolution.
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經歷技術革命。
04:36
We've had others.
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以前也曾有過。
04:38
And there's one that I want to talk about.
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我想談談其中的一次。
04:42
In one generation,
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曾經有一個世代，
04:44
the nation of the people of Israel
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以色列國的人民
04:47
had a tremendous and dramatic change
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經歷了一場巨大的變革，
04:51
that made them a great power in the Near East.
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那場變革使以色列成為了近東地區的強國。
04:55
A man by the name of David
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一個叫大衛的人
04:57
came to the throne,
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登上了王位，
04:59
and King David became one of the great leaders
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大衛王成為了一個偉大的領袖，
05:02
of his generation.
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領導他的那個世代。
05:07
He was a man of tremendous leadership.
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他有出色的領導力。
05:10
He had the favor of God with him.
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上帝的恩惠與他同在。
05:13
He was a brilliant poet,
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他是位傑出的詩人，
05:17
philosopher, writer, soldier --
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哲學家，作家，勇士，
05:21
with strategies in battle and conflict
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在戰鬥中善用戰略，
05:24
that people study even today.
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連今天的人都在學習這些戰略。
05:27
But about two centuries before David,
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雖然在大衛王朝的兩百年前，
05:31
the Hittites
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赫人 (Hittites)
05:33
had discovered the secret
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就發明了
05:35
of smelting and processing of iron,
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鐵器製造術，
05:39
and, slowly, that skill spread.
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並且逐漸流傳開。
05:41
But they wouldn't allow the Israelis
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但他們不許以色列人
05:44
to look into it, or to have any.
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學習這種技術。
05:48
But David changed all of that,
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然而大衛王改變了這種局面，
05:50
and he introduced the Iron Age
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他領導以色列進入
05:52
to Israel.
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鐵器時代。
05:54
And the Bible says that David laid up great stores of iron,
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聖經上記載大衛王預備了許多的鐵，
05:58
and which archaeologists have found,
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而且考古學家也發現了
06:00
that in present-day Palestine,
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在今天的巴勒斯坦，
06:02
there are evidences of that generation.
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還有那個世代的遺跡。
06:06
Now, instead of crude tools
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現在，那些用木棍和石頭造的
06:09
made of sticks and stones,
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原始工具已被取代，
06:12
Israel now had iron plows,
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以色列有了鐵犁
06:15
and sickles, and hoes
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鐮刀和鋤頭，
06:17
and military weapons.
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還有武器。
06:20
And in the course of one generation,
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在大衛王的那一個世代，
06:23
Israel was completely changed.
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以色列徹底地改變了。
06:26
The introduction of iron, in some ways,
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可以說，製鐵術的引入
06:29
had an impact
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所帶來的影響，
06:32
a little bit like the microchip
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有點像微晶片
06:34
has had on our generation.
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對我們這個世代的影響。
06:41
And
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不過
06:43
David found
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大衛王也意識到
06:45
that there were many problems that technology could not solve.
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還有很多問題是技術所不能解決的。
06:49
There were many problems still left.
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許多問題仍然存在。
06:54
And they're still with us, and you haven't solved them,
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這些問題現在依然存在，你們也沒解決這些問題，
06:57
and I haven't heard anybody here speak to that.
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而且我也沒聽到在座各位提到這些問題。
07:01
How do we solve these three problems
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那麼如何解決以下三個問題呢？
07:03
that I'd like to mention?
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這就是今天我想講的。
07:06
The first one that David saw
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大衛王發現的第一個問題
07:08
was human evil.
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就是人性的惡。
07:10
Where does it come from?
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這種邪惡來自哪兒呢？
07:13
How do we solve it?
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我們怎麼解決呢？
07:15
Over again and again
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一遍又一遍
07:17
in the Psalms,
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在《詩篇》當中，
07:19
which Gladstone said was the greatest book in the world,
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在這本 Gladstone (英國政治家，四次擔任英國首相) 稱為全世界最偉大的著作中，
07:24
David describes the evils of the human race.
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大衛王多次描述了人類的邪惡。
07:27
And yet he says,
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然而他寫道，
07:29
"He restores my soul."
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上帝「使我的靈甦醒」。
07:32
Have you ever thought about what a contradiction we are?
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在座各位是否思考過人類有多麼的自相矛盾？
07:35
On one hand, we can probe the deepest secrets of the universe
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一方面，人類有能力探索宇宙深處的秘密，
07:39
and dramatically push back the frontiers of technology,
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有能力讓技術不斷革新，
07:43
as this conference vividly demonstrates.
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例如這次會議所展示的這些技術革新。
07:48
We've seen under the sea,
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人類能夠探索到海面下
07:50
three miles down,
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深達三英里的海底世界，
07:52
or galaxies hundreds of billions of years
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甚至數千億光年外的其他宇宙星系
07:55
out in the future.
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在不久的將來也能探索。
07:58
But on the other hand,
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而另一方面，
08:01
something is wrong.
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有些事情很不對勁。
08:05
Our battleships,
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我們國家的戰艦
08:07
our soldiers,
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和軍隊
08:09
are on a frontier now,
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現在正在前線，
08:11
almost ready to go to war
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在臨戰狀態，
08:13
with Iraq.
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準備和伊拉克開戰。
08:15
Now, what causes this?
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是什麼原因導致了這場戰爭？
08:17
Why do we have these wars in every generation,
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為什麼每個時代都會發生戰爭，
08:20
and in every part of the world?
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為什麼世界上每個地方都發生過戰爭？
08:23
And revolutions?
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發生過武裝革命？
08:26
We can't get along with other people,
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我們不能和別人和平共處，
08:28
even in our own families.
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甚至在家裡也做不到。
08:30
We find ourselves in the paralyzing grip
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我們發現自己受到轄制，
08:32
of self-destructive habits we can't break.
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陷入自我毀滅的慣性，無法掙脫。
08:36
Racism and injustice and violence sweep our world,
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種族主義、不公義、暴力無處不在，
08:39
bringing a tragic harvest of heartache and death.
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其結果就是導致痛苦和死亡。
08:45
Even the most sophisticated among us
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即使是在座各位當中最博學的人
08:47
seem powerless to break this cycle.
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似乎也無法打破這個循環。
08:50
I would like to see Oracle
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我希望能有像甲骨文 (Oracle) 這樣的公司
08:52
take up that,
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來想辦法打破這個循環。
08:55
or
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也希望
08:58
some other
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其他的
09:00
technological geniuses work on this.
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科技天才能夠致力於此。
09:04
How do we change man,
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我們怎樣才能改變人類，
09:08
so that he doesn't lie and cheat,
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使他們不撒謊、欺騙，
09:10
and our newspapers are not filled with stories
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不再在報上看到那麼多
09:13
of fraud in business or labor
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有關商業欺詐和勞動力欺詐的報導，
09:15
or athletics or wherever?
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或者運動員造假的報導？
09:20
The Bible says the problem is within us,
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聖經上說，問題根源在我們自身，
09:24
within our hearts and our souls.
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在我們的內心和靈魂裡面。
09:27
Our problem is that we are separated
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我們的問題來自於
09:29
from our Creator,
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我們和造物主分離了，
09:32
which we call God,
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造物主就是我們所說的上帝，
09:34
and we need to have our souls restored,
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所以我們的靈魂需要復甦，
09:39
something only God can do.
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只有上帝能幫助我們。
09:41
Jesus said, "For out of the heart
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耶穌說，因為從人心裏，
09:43
come evil thoughts:
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發出惡念、
09:45
murders, sexual immorality,
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凶殺、姦淫、
09:48
theft, false testimonies,
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偷盜、詭詐、
09:51
slander."
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誹謗。
09:53
The British philosopher Bertrand Russell
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英國哲學家羅素
09:55
was not a religious man,
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沒有宗教信仰，
09:58
but he said, "It's in our hearts that the evil lies,
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但他認為，「邪惡存在於我們的內心，
10:01
and it's from our hearts
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所以要從我們的內心，
10:03
that it must be plucked out."
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將邪惡拔除。」
10:06
Albert Einstein --
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愛因斯坦--
10:08
I was just talking to someone, when I was speaking at Princeton,
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有一次我在普林斯頓大學演講，
10:11
and I met
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遇到了
10:13
Mr. Einstein.
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愛因斯坦。
10:15
He didn't have a doctor's degree, because he said
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他沒有博士學位，因為他覺得
10:17
nobody was qualified to give him one.
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沒人有資格授予他博士學位。
10:19
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑聲）
10:23
But he made this statement.
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愛因斯坦說過，
10:25
He said, "It's easier to denature plutonium
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「改變鈽元素的性質
10:28
than to denature the evil spirit of man."
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比改變人性的邪惡本質要容易。」
10:31
And many of you, I'm sure,
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我相信你們當中許多人
10:33
have thought about that
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都思考過這個問題，
10:35
and puzzled over it.
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並感到困惑。
10:37
You've seen people
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總是有那麼一些人
10:39
take beneficial technological advances,
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利用先進技術，
10:42
such as the Internet we've heard about tonight,
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比如今晚我們在這裡談到的網際網路，
10:44
and twist them into something corrupting.
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去做些不道德的事。
10:48
You've seen brilliant people devise computer viruses
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有些智商高的傢伙設計出電腦病毒，
10:51
that bring down whole systems.
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這類病毒能讓電腦系統全部癱瘓。
10:54
The Oklahoma City bombing was simple technology,
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奧克拉荷馬城爆炸案的兇手，把簡單的技術
10:57
horribly used.
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用於恐怖主義行徑。
11:00
The problem is not technology.
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導致這些問題的原因不是技術本身。
11:02
The problem is the person or persons using it.
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而是使用技術的那些人。
11:07
King David said
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大衛王說過
11:09
that he knew the depths of his own soul.
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他知道自己靈魂深處藏著些什麼。
11:12
He couldn't free himself from personal problems
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他無法擺脫自己的問題
11:15
and personal evils
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和他個人的惡行，
11:18
that included murder and adultery.
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包括凶殺和姦淫。
11:21
Yet King David sought God's forgiveness,
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然而，大衛王尋求上帝的饒恕，
11:23
and said, "You can restore my soul."
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他對上帝說，「你能使我的靈甦醒。」
11:26
You see, the Bible teaches
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聖經教導，
11:29
that we're more than a body and a mind.
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我們不只有身體和心智，
11:33
We are a soul.
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我們還有靈魂。
11:36
And there's something inside of us
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在我們的裡面有些東西，
11:39
that is beyond our understanding.
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是我們無法理解的。
11:42
That's the part of us that yearns
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這個部份的我們渴望
11:45
for God, or something more
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尋求上帝，或是其他
11:48
than we find in technology.
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科技無法提供的力量。
11:51
Your soul is that part of you that
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人的靈魂是人的一部分，
11:53
yearns for meaning in life,
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我們用靈魂尋求人生的意義，
11:55
and which seeks for something beyond this life.
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並尋求著某種超越今生的力量。
11:58
It's the part of you that yearns, really, for God.
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這正是對上帝的渴求。
12:00
I find [that] young people all over the world
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我發現全世界的年輕人
12:02
are searching for something.
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都在尋找著什麼。
12:05
They don't know what it is. I speak at many universities,
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但他們也不知道自己在找什麼。我在許多大學做過演講，
12:08
and I have many questions and answer periods, and
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演講中有個環節是回答學生的提問，
12:11
whether it's Cambridge, or Harvard,
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劍橋、哈佛、
12:13
or Oxford --
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牛津--
12:15
I've spoken at all of those universities.
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這些學校我都去做過演講。
12:17
I'm going to Harvard in about three or four --
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大概再過三個月我在哈佛還有次演講--
12:19
no, it's about two months from now --
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應該是大約兩個月之後
12:21
to give a lecture.
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去演講。
12:23
And I'll be asked the same questions that I was asked
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學生們還會問我相同的問題，
12:25
the last few times I've been there.
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這些問題以前也問過。
12:28
And it'll be on
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這些問題不外乎
12:30
these questions:
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就是：
12:32
where did I come from? Why am I here? Where am I going?
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人來自哪兒？為什麼來？將來去向哪兒？
12:35
What's life all about? Why am I here?
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生命的意義是什麼？人活著為了什麼？
12:39
Even if you have no religious belief,
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即使你沒有宗教信仰，
12:41
there are times when you wonder that there's something else.
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你有時也會猜測這世上是否有其他力量。
12:44
Thomas Edison also said,
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愛迪生也說過，
12:47
"When you see everything that happens in the world of science,
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「當你明白了科學世界裡的所有現象，
12:50
and in the working of the universe,
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明白了宇宙的運行，
12:52
you cannot deny that there's a captain on the bridge."
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你就不能否認有位艦長在主導一切。」
12:56
I remember once,
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我記得有一次，
12:58
I sat beside Mrs. Gorbachev
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我坐在戈巴契夫夫人的旁邊，
13:00
at a White House dinner.
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那是在一次白宮的晚宴上。
13:03
I went to Ambassador Dobrynin, whom I knew very well.
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我請教當時蘇聯駐美大使 Dobrynin -- 我和他很熟，
13:05
And I'd been to Russia several times under the Communists,
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我還去過前蘇聯幾次，
13:09
and they'd given me marvelous freedom that I didn't expect.
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當時的那些共產黨人士給我的自由度讓我很意外。
13:15
And I knew Mr. Dobrynin very well,
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我和 Dobrynin 先生很熟，
13:17
and I said,
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所以我對他說，
13:19
"I'm going to sit beside Mrs. Gorbachev tonight.
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「今晚我會坐在戈巴契夫夫人旁邊。
13:22
What shall I talk to her about?"
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我該和她談些什麼話題呢？」
13:24
And he surprised me with the answer.
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他的回答讓我驚訝。
13:26
He said, "Talk to her about religion and philosophy.
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他對我說，「和她談談宗教和哲學。
13:29
That's what she's really interested in."
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這是她真正感興趣的話題。」
13:32
I was a little bit surprised, but that evening
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我聽了有點兒驚訝，不過那天晚上
13:35
that's what we talked about,
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我們還真談論了這個話題，
13:37
and it was a stimulating conversation.
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那是一次令人印象深刻的談話，
13:39
And afterward, she said,
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談話結束後戈巴契夫夫人對我說，
13:41
"You know, I'm an atheist,
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「我是個無神論者，
13:43
but I know that there's something up there
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但我相信這世上存在著某種力量，
13:45
higher than we are."
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高過我們的存在。」
13:48
The second problem
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第二個讓大衛王
13:50
that King David realized he could not solve
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束手無策的問題，
13:54
was the problem of human suffering.
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就是人世間的苦難。
13:56
Writing the oldest book in the world was Job,
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約伯 (Job) -- 最古老書卷的作者，
13:59
and he said,
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曾說過，
14:01
"Man is born unto trouble as the sparks fly upward."
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「人生在世必遇患難，如同火星 (火花) 飛騰。」
14:05
Yes, to be sure, science has done much to push back
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當然，科學技術已經減少了
14:08
certain types of human suffering.
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人類遭受的痛苦。
14:11
But I'm --
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以我為例--
14:13
in a few months, I'll be 80 years of age.
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再過幾個月我就80歲了。
14:16
I admit that I'm very grateful
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我的確很感謝
14:18
for all the medical advances
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先進的醫學
14:20
that have kept me in relatively good health
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讓我的身體狀況還算健康，
14:22
all these years.
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這麼多年都還好。
14:24
My doctors at the Mayo Clinic urged me
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我的醫生建議我
14:26
not to take this trip out here to this -- to be here.
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不要折騰到這麼遠的地方--來參加這個論壇。
14:30
I haven't given a talk in nearly four months.
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我已經有差不多四個月沒出去演講了。
14:35
And when you speak as much as I do,
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如果你們也像我有那麼多演講要做，
14:37
three or four times a day,
299
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一天要做三四個演講，
14:39
you get rusty.
300
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你們也會累病的。
14:41
That's the reason I'm using this podium
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所以我站在這兒講話要借助這個講台
14:43
and using these notes.
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和這些提示。
14:46
Every time you ever hear me on the television or somewhere,
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每次你們在電視讓或其他場合聽我講話，
14:49
I'm ad-libbing.
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都是即席演講。
14:51
I'm not reading. I never read an address.
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我從來不照著稿子讀。
14:55
I never read a speech or a talk or a lecture.
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無論是多長時間的講話
14:59
I talk ad lib.
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我都即席而做。
15:01
But tonight, I've
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但是今晚我
15:03
got some notes here so that if
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準備了一些提示是因為
15:05
I begin to forget,
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我有了忘詞兒的現象，
15:07
which I do sometimes,
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現在有時會出現這狀況，
15:10
I've got something I can turn to.
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所以準備了一些提示。
15:13
But even here among us,
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即使在我們國家，
15:17
most --
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最--
15:21
in the most advanced society in the world,
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這個世界上最先進的社會，
15:24
we have poverty.
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仍然有窮人，
15:26
We have families that self-destruct,
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仍然有破碎的家庭，
15:29
friends that betray us.
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仍然有朋友間的背叛。
15:31
Unbearable psychological pressures bear down on us.
319
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無法忍受的心理壓力讓我們不堪重負。
15:34
I've never met a person in the world
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我從沒遇到一個人是
15:36
that didn't have a problem
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完全沒有任何心理問題，
15:38
or a worry.
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或任何憂慮的。
15:40
Why do we suffer? It's an age-old question
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我們為什麼遭受痛苦？這是一個古老的問題，
15:43
that we haven't answered.
324
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可是我們還沒找到答案。
15:45
Yet David again and again said
325
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然而大衛王一再的說到
15:49
that he would turn to God.
326
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他要向上帝求助。
15:52
He said, "The Lord is my shepherd."
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他說，「耶和華是我的牧者。」
15:56
The final problem that David knew he could not solve
328
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最後一個困擾大衛王的問題
16:00
was death.
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是死亡。
16:03
Many commentators have said that death
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許多評論家指出 "死亡"
16:05
is the forbidden subject of our generation.
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在我們這個世代成了禁忌的話題。
16:08
Most people live as if
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很多人活得好像
16:11
they're never going to die.
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他們永遠不會死。
16:13
Technology projects the myth
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科技讓人以為
16:16
of control over our mortality.
335
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我們能控制死亡。
16:20
We see people on our screens.
336
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我們在螢幕上看到
16:22
Marilyn Monroe is just as beautiful on the screen
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瑪麗蓮夢露還是那麼美，
16:24
as she was in person,
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和她活著時一樣美，
16:26
and our -- many young people think she's still alive.
339
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還有許多年輕人以為她還活著。
16:30
They don't know that she's dead.
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他們不知道她已經死了。
16:32
Or Clark Gable, or whoever it is.
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這樣的例子還有像克拉克蓋博，等等。
16:34
The old stars, they come to life.
342
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那些已故的明星還活在螢幕上。
16:38
And they're --
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而且他們
16:41
they're just as great on that screen as they were in person.
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在螢幕上和本人看起來一樣光鮮。
16:46
But death is inevitable.
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但死亡是不可避免的。
16:48
I spoke some time ago to
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不久前我參加了
16:51
a joint session of Congress, last year.
347
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一次國會會議，就在去年。
16:55
And we were meeting in that room,
348
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會議的地點
16:58
the statue room.
349
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是雕塑大廳--
17:00
About 300 of them were there.
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大約有300人參加了會議。
17:03
And I said, "There's one thing that we have in common in this room,
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我對他們說，「這裡所有的人都有一個共同點，
17:07
all of us together, whether Republican or Democrat,
352
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不論是共和黨議員還是民主黨議員，
17:10
or whoever."
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不論是誰，
17:12
I said, "We're all going to die.
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有一天都會死。」
17:14
And we have that in common with all these great men of the past
355
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所有人都免不了一死，正如那些已經故去的偉人，
17:17
that are staring down at us."
356
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他們正在牆上看著我們。
17:21
And it's often difficult for young people
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這對於年輕人來說
17:23
to understand that.
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很難理解。
17:26
It's difficult for them to understand that they're going to die.
359
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他們很難理解有一天他們也會死亡。
17:30
As the ancient writer of Ecclesiastes wrote,
360
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在古老的《傳道書》中，作者寫道，
17:34
he said, there's every activity under heaven.
361
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「天下萬務都有定時。
17:38
There's a time to be born,
362
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生有時，
17:41
and there's a time to die.
363
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死有時。」
17:43
I've stood at the deathbed
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我為一些人做過臨終禱告，
17:46
of several famous people,
365
1054000
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其中許多名人，
17:48
whom you would know.
366
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你們可能都知道。
17:50
I've talked to them.
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在他們臨終前，我和他們做了最後的對話。
17:52
I've seen them in those agonizing moments
368
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我看到他們很痛苦的狀態，
17:54
when they were scared to death.
369
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在那一刻他們都很懼怕死亡的到來。
17:57
And yet, a few years earlier,
370
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3000
然而，就在死亡到來的幾年之前，
18:01
death never crossed their mind.
371
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他們卻根本沒想到過死亡這件事。
18:03
I talked to a woman this past week
372
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幾天前我和一位女士進行過一次談話，
18:07
whose father
373
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她的父親
18:10
was a famous doctor.
374
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2000
是位知名的醫生。
18:13
She said he never thought of God, never talked about God,
375
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她說她父親從沒想到過上帝，從不談論上帝，
18:16
didn't believe in God. He was an atheist.
376
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3000
不相信上帝的存在。因為他是個無神論者。
18:21
But she said,
377
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但是，
18:23
as he came to die,
378
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在他臨終前，
18:25
he sat up on the side of the bed one day,
379
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有一天他在床上坐起來，
18:29
and he asked the nurse if he could see the chaplain.
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問護士是否能讓他見見牧師。
18:32
And he said, for the first time in his life
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他說他有生以來第一次
18:34
he'd thought about the inevitable,
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想到了這不可避免的結局，
18:39
and about God.
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想到了上帝。
18:41
Was there a God?
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上帝存在嗎？
18:45
A few years ago, a university student asked me,
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幾年前，有個大學生問我，
18:49
"What is the greatest surprise in your life?"
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「你這一生中最讓你感到驚奇的是什麼？」
18:52
And I said, "The greatest surprise in my life
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我回答說，最讓我驚奇的
18:54
is the brevity of life.
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是生命的短暫。
18:57
It passes so fast."
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生命的逝去太快了。
19:02
But it does not need to have to be that way.
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但人生不一定要這樣過。
19:04
Wernher von Braun,
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Werner von Braun (德裔美籍火箭科學家)
19:07
in the aftermath of World War II concluded, quote:
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在總結二次大戰的後果時曾說：
19:10
"science and religion are not antagonists.
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「科學和宗教不是對立的。
19:13
On the contrary, they're sisters."
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相反，二者是互相依靠的，像姐妹一樣。」
19:17
He put it on a personal basis.
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他以自己為例。
19:19
I knew Dr. von Braun very well.
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我和 von Braun 博士很熟。
19:22
And he said, "Speaking for myself,
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他這樣說過，「我個人認為，
19:24
I can only say that the grandeur of the cosmos
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宇宙的偉大之處在於
19:27
serves only to confirm
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她證明了
19:29
a belief in the certainty of a creator."
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造物主的確存在。」
19:32
He also said,
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他還說過，
19:34
"In our search to know God,
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「在我們尋求認識上帝的過程中，
19:36
I've come to believe that the life of Jesus Christ
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我相信耶穌基督的生命，
19:40
should be the focus of our efforts and inspiration.
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必須成為我們努力和獲得啟發的焦點所在。
19:44
The reality of this life and His resurrection
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耶穌基督的生命和他復活的事實，
19:46
is the hope of mankind."
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是人類的希望。」
19:49
I've done a lot of speaking in Germany
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我做過很多演講，在德國，
19:51
and in France, and in different parts of the world --
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在法國，在很多國家--
19:54
105 countries it's been my privilege to speak in.
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我有榮幸在105個國家做過演講。
19:59
And I was invited one day to visit
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有一次我應邀去拜訪
20:03
Chancellor Adenauer,
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德國前總理 Adenauer,
20:05
who was looked upon as sort of the founder of modern Germany,
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他被視為當代德國的創建者，
20:10
since the war.
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重建戰後的德國。
20:12
And he once -- and he said to me,
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他對我說，
20:14
he said, "Young man." He said,
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「年輕人，
20:16
"Do you believe in the resurrection of Jesus Christ?"
416
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你相信耶穌基督的復活嗎？」
20:20
And I said, "Sir, I do."
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我回答他，「我相信。」
20:22
He said, "So do I."
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他說，「我也相信。」
20:24
He said, "When I leave office,
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他又說，「等我卸任後，
20:26
I'm going to spend my time writing a book
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我要寫本書，
20:29
on why Jesus Christ rose again,
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解釋耶穌基督為什麼復活，
20:32
and why it's so important to believe that."
422
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以及為什麼相信基督復活如此重要。」
20:38
In one of his plays,
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俄國作家索忍尼辛
20:40
Alexander Solzhenitsyn
424
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在一部劇作中
20:43
depicts a man dying,
425
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描寫了一個將死之人，
20:45
who says to those gathered around his bed,
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死前對守在他床邊的人說，
20:48
"The moment when it's terrible to feel regret
427
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「何時感到後悔才可怕呢--
20:50
is when one is dying."
428
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就是將死之時。」
20:53
How should one live in order not to feel regret when one is dying?
429
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人要怎樣活才能不在臨終時感到後悔呢？
20:58
Blaise Pascal
430
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帕斯卡 (Blaise Pascal, 法國數學家、物理學家、哲學家）
21:00
asked exactly that question
431
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曾問過這個問題，
21:02
in seventeenth-century France.
432
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那是在17世紀的法國。
21:04
Pascal has been called the architect
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帕斯卡被喻為
21:06
of modern civilization.
434
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現代文明的建築師。
21:09
He was a brilliant scientist
435
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他是個卓越的科學家，
21:11
at the frontiers of mathematics,
436
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在數學方面很有成就，
21:13
even as a teenager.
437
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在青少年時期就已經展露頭角。
21:16
He is viewed by many as the founder of the probability theory,
438
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他被很多人視為“概率論”的奠基人，
21:20
and a creator of the first model of a computer.
439
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他也是第一台電腦模型的發明者。
21:24
And of course, you are all familiar with
440
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你們一定都很熟悉
21:26
the computer language named for him.
441
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以他的名字命名的電腦語言。
21:29
Pascal explored in depth our human dilemmas
442
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帕斯卡深刻思考了人類的困擾
21:31
of evil, suffering and death.
443
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--邪惡，痛苦，死亡。
21:35
He was astounded
444
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他震驚地發現
21:38
at the phenomenon we've been considering:
445
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一個現象，一個我們仍在思考的問題：
21:41
that people can achieve extraordinary heights
446
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人類能在科學、藝術、
21:43
in science, the arts and human enterprise,
447
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社會發展等方面，取得輝煌的成就，
21:46
yet they also are full of anger, hypocrisy
448
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但人類也滿懷憤怒、虛偽、
21:49
and have -- and self-hatreds.
449
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以及自我怨恨。
21:53
Pascal saw us as a remarkable mixture
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帕斯卡把人類稱為奇怪的混合體
21:55
of genius and self-delusion.
451
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-- 天賦和自我欺騙並存的混合體。
21:58
On November 23,
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在 1654 年
22:00
1654,
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11 月 23 日，
22:03
Pascal had a profound religious experience.
454
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帕斯卡經歷了一次深刻的宗教體驗。
22:07
He wrote in his journal these words:
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他在日記中這樣寫道：
22:10
"I submit myself,
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「我把自己
22:12
absolutely,
457
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全然地
22:15
to Jesus Christ, my redeemer."
458
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交託給我的救贖者耶穌基督。」
22:18
A French historian said,
459
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一位法國歷史學家，
22:20
two centuries later,
460
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在兩百年之後說，
22:23
"Seldom has so mighty an intellect
461
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「很少能有如此偉大的知識份子，
22:26
submitted with such humility
462
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3000
如此謙卑地順服於
22:29
to the authority of Jesus Christ."
463
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耶穌基督的權柄之下。」
22:33
Pascal came to believe not only the love and the grace of God
464
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帕斯卡不僅相信上帝的愛和恩典
22:36
could bring us back into harmony,
465
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能讓我們重歸和諧，
22:41
but he believed
466
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而且他也相信
22:43
that his own sins and failures could be forgiven,
467
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他的罪過和錯誤能被上帝寬恕，
22:46
and that when he died he would go to a place called heaven.
468
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並且在他死後能夠進入天堂。
22:51
He experienced it in a way that went beyond
469
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他所體驗到的超越了
22:53
scientific observation and reason.
470
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科學研究的範疇。
22:55
It was he who penned the well-known words,
471
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帕斯卡有句名言，
22:58
"The heart has its reasons,
472
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2000
「人心的奧秘
23:01
which reason knows not of."
473
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是無法用科學解釋的。」
23:04
Equally well known is Pascal's Wager.
474
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同樣有名的還有帕斯卡的那篇文章《打賭》。
23:07
Essentially, he said this: "if you bet on God,
475
1375000
3000
大概是這樣說的：「如果你賭上帝存在，
23:11
and open yourself to his love,
476
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並向仁愛的上帝敞開你的內心，
23:13
you lose nothing, even if you're wrong.
477
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即使你賭輸了你也不會失去什麼。
23:16
But if instead you bet that there is no God,
478
1384000
3000
但是如果你賭上帝不存在，
23:20
then you can lose it all, in this life and the life to come."
479
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那麼如果你輸了，你的今生和來生就都沒有好結果了。」
23:25
For Pascal, scientific knowledge
480
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對帕斯卡而言，科學知識的價值遠不及
23:27
paled beside the knowledge of God.
481
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對上帝的認識。
23:31
The knowledge of God was far beyond
482
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對他來說，對上帝的認識
23:33
anything that ever crossed his mind.
483
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勝過任何他曾經思索過的事物。
23:36
He was ready to face him
484
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他做好準備去面見上帝
23:38
when he died at the age of 39.
485
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在他39歲去世的時候。
23:41
King David lived to be 70,
486
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大衛王一直活到70歲--
23:43
a long time in his era.
487
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在他那個時代已經算長壽了。
23:46
Yet he too had to face death,
488
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但他也得面對死亡，
23:49
and he wrote these words:
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他這樣寫道：
23:51
"even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death,
490
1419000
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「我雖然行過死蔭的幽谷，
23:55
I will fear no evil,
491
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也不怕遭害，
23:57
for you are with me."
492
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因為你與我同在。」
23:59
This was David's answer to three dilemmas
493
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這就是大衛王對這三個問題的答案，
24:02
of evil, suffering and death.
494
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那三個問題就是：邪惡、痛苦和死亡。
24:05
It can be yours, as well,
495
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你也能悟到這個答案，
24:09
as you seek the living God
496
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只要你去尋求永生的上帝，
24:11
and allow him to fill your life
497
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讓上帝充滿你的生命，
24:13
and give you hope for the future.
498
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並給你對未來的盼望。
24:18
When I was 17 years of age,
499
1446000
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我17歲的時候，
24:22
I was born and reared on a farm in North Carolina.
500
1450000
3000
住在家裡，北卡羅來納州的一個農場。
24:26
I milked cows every morning, and I had to milk the same cows every evening
501
1454000
2000
每天早上我都要去擠牛奶，晚上也要擠牛奶，
24:28
when I came home from school.
502
1456000
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在我放學回家後，
24:30
And there were 20 of them that I had --
503
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一共有20頭牛由我
24:32
that I was responsible for,
504
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3000
負責照管，
24:35
and I worked on the farm
505
1463000
3000
我一邊在農場工作，
24:38
and tried to keep up with my studies.
506
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一邊還要努力跟上學業。
24:41
I didn't make good grades in high school.
507
1469000
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高中時我學習成績不好。
24:44
I didn't make them in college, until
508
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我上大學時成績也不好，直到
24:47
something happened in my heart.
509
1475000
2000
我的內心有了某種改變。
24:49
One day, I was faced face-to-face
510
1477000
3000
有一天，我面對面見到了
24:53
with Christ.
511
1481000
2000
基督。
24:55
He said, "I am the way, the truth and the life."
512
1483000
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他說，「我是道路、真理、生命。」
24:59
Can you imagine that? "I am the truth.
513
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你能相信他所說的嗎？--「我是真理所在。
25:02
I'm the embodiment of all truth."
514
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是一切真理的化身。」
25:05
He was a liar.
515
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也許他在騙人。
25:09
Or he was insane.
516
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也許他瘋了。
25:12
Or he was what he claimed to be.
517
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也許他真是他所稱的那個人。
25:14
Which was he?
518
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他到底是哪一個呢？
25:16
I had to make that decision.
519
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我必須做個選擇。
25:18
I couldn't prove it.
520
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我證明不了他所說的。
25:20
I couldn't take it to a laboratory
521
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我無法將他所說的話拿到實驗室
25:22
and experiment with it.
522
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用實驗去證明。
25:24
But by faith I said, I believe him,
523
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但憑著信心，我相信他所說的，
25:28
and he came into my heart
524
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因此他進入了我的心靈
25:31
and changed my life.
525
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並且改變了我的人生。
25:33
And now I'm ready,
526
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現在我已做好準備，
25:36
when I hear that call,
527
1524000
2000
等我聽到上帝的召喚，
25:38
to go into the presence of God.
528
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就可以去他那裡了。
25:41
Thank you, and God bless all of you.
529
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謝謝各位，願上帝賜福大家。
25:43
(Applause)
530
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（觀眾掌聲）
25:54
Thank you for the privilege. It was great.
531
1542000
2000
謝謝你讓我有這個榮幸，這太棒了。
25:56
Richard Wurman: You did it.
532
1544000
2000
Richard Wurman (主持人)：「你應得的。」
25:58
Thanks.
533
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謝謝。
26:00
(Applause)
534
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（觀眾掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Billy Graham - PreacherIn his long career as a religious evangelist, the Rev. Billy Graham spoken to millions around the world and served as advisor to US presidents.
Why you should listen
According to his official bio, evangelist Billy Graham took the Bible literally where it says in Mark 16:15, "Go ye into all the world and preach the Gospel to every creature." It's possible that Graham preached the Gospel to more people in live audiences than anyone else in history -- nearly 215 million people in more than 185 countries and territories, with hundreds of millions more through television, video, film and webcasts.
Graham wrote some 25 books, and his counsel was sought by many US presidents. He was the first major evangelist to speak behind the Iron Curtain, calling for peace in countries throughout Eastern Europe and in the Soviet Union -- while during the Apartheid era he refused to visit South Africa until its government allowed for desegregated audiences. Through the praise and criticism of a public life that has nearly spanned a century, he held fast to his conviction that faith in Jesus is the only path to salvation.
Billy Graham | Speaker | TED.com