EG 2008
Miru Kim: My underground art explorations
Miru Kim的地底藝術
Filmed:
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2008年的EG論壇會, 藝術家Miru Kim向大家呈現她的作品. Kim探索了紐約地底下的工業廢墟，然後把她自己，裸體地，拍攝入鏡-裸體的她把這些巨大，危險，而不為人所看見的空間格外清楚的聚焦在世人眼前
Miru Kim - Photographer and explorer
Miru Kim is a fearless explorer of abandoned and underground places. Her photography underscores the vulnerable nature of the human explorer in these no-woman's-lands. Full bio
Miru Kim is a fearless explorer of abandoned and underground places. Her photography underscores the vulnerable nature of the human explorer in these no-woman's-lands. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
I was raised in Seoul, Korea,
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我成長於韓國首爾
00:18
and moved to New York City in 1999 to attend college.
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於1999年搬到紐約市，進入大學就讀
00:22
I was pre-med at the time,
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當時，我是醫學院預科學生
00:25
and I thought I would become a surgeon
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我認為我會成為一位外科醫師
00:28
because I was interested in anatomy
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因為我對解剖很有興趣
00:31
and dissecting animals really piqued my curiosity.
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解剖動物真的激發起我的好奇心
00:35
At the same time, I fell in love with New York City.
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同時，我愛上了紐約市
00:40
I started to realize that I could look at the whole city
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我開始了解到我可以以一個活生生的有機體
00:44
as a living organism.
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來解讀這個城市
00:46
I wanted to dissect it
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我想要解剖她
00:48
and look into its unseen layers.
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研究那些不被看見的層次
00:50
And the way to it, for me,
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對我來說，切入的方法
00:52
was through artistic means.
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是透過藝術的手法
00:56
So, eventually I decided to pursue an MFA instead of an M.D.
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所以，我最終沒有投身醫學，而決定申請藝術碩士學位
01:00
and in grad school I became interested
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唸研究所的時候，我開始對於
01:03
in creatures that dwell in the hidden corners of the city.
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居住於都市隠藏角落的生物有興趣
01:10
In New York City, rats are part of commuters' daily lives.
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在紐約市，老鼠，是通勤者毎日生活中的一員
01:13
Most people ignore them or are frightened of them.
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大部分的人忽略牠們，或著是畏懼著牠們
01:17
But I took a liking to them
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而我卻喜歡上牠們
01:19
because they dwell on the fringes of society.
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因為他們居住在社會的邊緣
01:21
And even though they're used in labs to promote human lives,
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即使在實驗室裡，牠們被用於改善人類的生活
01:24
they're also considered pests.
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牠們也同時被人厭惡
01:27
I also started looking around in the city
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我也開始在城市裡漫遊
01:31
and trying to photograph them.
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常試著捕捉牠們的影像
01:34
One day, in the subway, I was snapping pictures of the tracks
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有一天，我在地鐵站，隨意地照著鐵軌
01:37
hoping to catch a rat or two,
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希望能捕捉到一兩隻老鼠的蹤影
01:40
and a man came up to me and said,
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然後，一位男子走向我並對我說，
01:43
"You can't take photographs here.
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你不能在這裡照相
01:46
The MTA will confiscate your camera."
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否則紐約大都會運輸局會沒收你的相機
01:49
I was quite shocked by that,
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這樣的對話令我非常訝異
01:52
and thought to myself, "Well, OK then.
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然後我告訴我自己，"好吧
01:55
I'll follow the rats."
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那我就來跟蹤牠們"
01:58
Then I started going into the tunnels,
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接著，我就開始在隧道裡遊走
02:01
which made me realize that there's a whole new dimension to the city
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這樣的經驗讓我體驗到我不曾看過的，
02:04
that I never saw before and most people don't get to see.
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大部分的人沒有機會看到的一個全新的城市向度
02:09
Around the same time, I met like-minded individuals
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同時，我遇到了一些志同道合的人
02:12
who call themselves urban explorers, adventurers, spelunkers,
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他們自稱為都市探索者，探險者，探勘者
02:16
guerrilla historians, etc.
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游擊式的歷史學家，諸如此類
02:18
I was welcomed into this loose, Internet-based network
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我加入了這個定期在都市廢墟探索
02:22
of people who regularly explore urban ruins
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以網路為基礎的隨性組織
02:26
such as abandoned subway stations,
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像是被遺棄的的地鐵站
02:29
tunnels, sewers, aqueducts,
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隧道，下水道，溝渠
02:32
factories, hospitals, shipyards and so on.
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工廠，醫院，船場等等，都是我們探索的場所
02:39
When I took photographs in these locations,
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當我在這些地方攝影
02:42
I felt there was something missing in the pictures.
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我覺得這些照片缺少了某種東西
02:45
Simply documenting these soon-to-be-demolished structures
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單單紀錄這些即將被拆除的構造
02:50
wasn't enough for me.
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對我來說並不足夠
02:53
So I wanted to create a fictional character
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因此，我想創造一個虛構的人物
02:57
or an animal that dwells in these underground spaces,
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或者是某種動物，居住在這些地底下的空間
03:00
and the simplest way to do it, at the time,
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而在當時，最簡單的做法
03:03
was to model myself.
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是以我自己為模特兒
03:06
I decided against clothing
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我決定去除衣服這項元素
03:09
because I wanted the figure to be without any cultural implications
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因為我希望這個人物在文化上沒有寓意
03:12
or time-specific elements.
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或著是說沒有描述某個特定時代的物件
03:14
I wanted a simple way to represent a living body
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我想要用一種簡單的方法重現一個生命
03:18
inhabiting these decaying, derelict spaces.
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居住在這些衰退,廢棄的空間
03:25
This was taken in the Riviera Sugar Factory in Red Hook, Brooklyn.
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這張照片是攝於布魯克林紅鉤區的里維耶拉製糖工廠
03:29
It's now an empty, six-acre lot
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現在是一個六英畝大的空地
03:32
waiting for a shopping mall right across from the new Ikea.
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正等著興建購物商場，對街是剛蓋好的宜家家具賣場
03:35
I was very fond of this space
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我非常喜歡這個空間
03:38
because it's the first massive industrial complex I found on my own
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因為這是第一個由我自己發現的
03:42
that is abandoned.
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廢棄的大型工業複合構造
03:44
When I first went in, I was scared,
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我第一次踏進這個地方時，我蠻害怕的
03:47
because I heard dogs barking and I thought they were guard dogs.
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因為我聽到狗叫聲，我以為牠們是警犬
03:50
But they happened to be wild dogs living there,
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但牠們只是居住在那裡的野狗
03:53
and it was right by the water,
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這片地就在河的旁邊
03:55
so there were swans and ducks swimming around
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所以這裡有天鵝和鴨子游來游去
03:58
and trees growing everywhere
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而且樹木叢生
04:00
and bees nesting in the sugar barrels.
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蜜蜂們在製糖木桶裡築巢
04:02
The nature had really reclaimed the whole complex.
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大自然徹底的淨化了這整片地
04:05
And, in a way, I wanted the human figure in the picture
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某種程度上，我想放置一個人物到這個畫面中
04:08
to become a part of that nature.
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成為大自然的一部分
04:13
When I got comfortable in the space,
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當我在這個空間感到自在的時後
04:15
it also felt like a big playground.
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它讓我覺得像是一個巨大的遊樂場
04:17
I would climb up the tanks and hop across exposed beams
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我會爬上儲水池,然後再跳過那些裸露出來的樑
04:20
as if I went back in time and became a child again.
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彷彿我回到過去，再次變成了一個孩子
04:25
This was taken in the old Croton Aqueduct,
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這是攝於舊的克頓水道
04:29
which supplied fresh water to New York City for the first time.
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它曾經首度運輸乾淨的水源到紐約市
04:33
The construction began in 1837.
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這項工程始於1837年
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It lasted about five years.
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為時五年
04:38
It got abandoned when the new Croton Aqueducts opened in 1890.
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1890年，當新的克頓水道開始使用，它便被閒置了
04:44
When you go into spaces like this,
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當你進入到這樣的空間
04:46
you're directly accessing the past,
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你直接的進入了過去的時空
04:49
because they sit untouched for decades.
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因為它們就這樣數十年未被人們碰觸
04:52
I love feeling the aura of a space that has so much history.
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我喜歡感受這個空間滿溢著歷史的氣味
04:57
Instead of looking at reproductions of it at home,
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不是在家裡看著這個空間的複製品
05:00
you're actually feeling the hand-laid bricks
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你是真實地感受這些曾被親手鋪置的磚
05:03
and shimmying up and down narrow cracks
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在窄小的裂縫中跳動搖擺著
05:06
and getting wet and muddy
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然後弄得滿身是水和泥巴
05:09
and walking in a dark tunnel with a flashlight.
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拿著手電筒，在黑暗的隧道裡行走
05:13
This is a tunnel underneath Riverside Park.
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這個隧道處於河岸公園的下方
05:17
It was built in the 1930s by Robert Moses.
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於1930年間，由羅伯特摩西所建造
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The murals were done by a graffiti artist
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這些壁畫是出自於一個塗鴉畫家之手
05:23
to commemorate the hundreds of homeless people
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為了紀念那些數以百計的流浪漢
05:26
that got relocated from the tunnel in 1991
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他們在1991年被遷移到別處
05:29
when the tunnel reopened for trains.
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當這個隧道被重新使用為火車站
05:32
Walking in this tunnel is very peaceful.
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在這個隧道裡行走讓我感到非常平靜
05:34
There's nobody around you,
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因為你的四週沒有人
05:37
and you hear the kids playing in the park above you,
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你可以聽到孩童在你上方的公園玩耍
05:40
completely unaware of what's underneath.
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卻完全對他們腳底下的空間一無所知
05:43
When I was going out a lot to these places,
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隨著我踏進這些地方的頻率提高
05:46
I was feeling a lot of anxiety and isolation
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我感到非常焦慮和孤立
05:49
because I was in a solitary phase in my life,
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因為我正經歷著我生命中的一段孤獨期
05:52
and I decided to title my series "Naked City Spleen,"
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所以決定把這個系列取名為"裸體城市的憂鬱"
05:57
which references Charles Baudelaire.
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此名來自波特萊爾
06:00
"Naked City" is a nickname for New York,
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"裸體城市"是紐約的小名
06:03
and "Spleen" embodies the melancholia and inertia
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而"憂鬱"包含著抑鬱和惰性的意思
06:06
that come from feeling alienated in an urban environment.
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那是來自於一種在都市環境中被疏離的感覺
06:12
This is the same tunnel.
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這是攝於同一個隧道
06:15
You see the sunbeams coming from the ventilation ducts
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你看到的是來自通風管的光束
06:18
and the train approaching.
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而火車正漸漸駛近
06:23
This is a tunnel that's abandoned in Hell's Kitchen.
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這個廢棄的隧道位於紐約地獄廚房區
06:27
I was there alone, setting up,
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當我獨自一人的架設儀器
06:30
and a homeless man approached.
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一位流浪漢走向我
06:33
I was basically intruding in his living space.
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基本上我是侵犯了他的居住空間
06:36
I was really frightened at first,
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一開始我非常的害怕
06:39
but I calmly explained to him that I was working on an art project
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但是我冷靜的向他解釋我正在拍攝我的藝術作品
06:42
and he didn't seem to mind
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而他看起來並不在意
06:44
and so I went ahead and put my camera on self-timer
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所以我開始進行我的作品，把我的相機設成自動拍照模式
06:47
and ran back and forth.
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然後來來回回的跑著
06:49
And when I was done, he actually offered me his shirt
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當我結束拍攝，他把他的上衣給我
06:52
to wipe off my feet
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幫我擦腳
06:54
and kindly walked me out.
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然後和氣的送我出去
06:56
It must have been a very unusual day for him.
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對他來說，這一定是一個非常不尋常的一天
06:59
(Laughter)
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(笑)
07:05
One thing that struck me, after this incident,
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在這事件之後，觸動了我的是
07:08
was that a space like that holds so many deleted memories of the city.
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這樣的空間包含著這個城市許許多多被消除的記憶
07:13
That homeless man, to me, really represented
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這位流浪漢，對我來說，真實的代表了
07:16
an element of the unconscious of the city.
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這個無意識城市的一個元素
07:21
He told me that he was abused above ground
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他對我說當他還居住在地面上時曾被虐待
07:24
and was once in Riker's Island,
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並曾經住在雷克島
07:27
and at last he found peace and quiet in that space.
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最後，他在這個空間找到了平靜
07:31
The tunnel was once built for the prosperity of the city,
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這個隧道，曾因於城市的繁榮而被建造
07:36
but is now a sanctuary for outcasts,
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但如今卻是城市棄兒的避難所
07:40
who are completely forgotten in the average urban dweller's everyday life.
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這些棄兒完全的被普遍的都市居住者所遺忘
07:49
This is underneath my alma mater, Columbia University.
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這是位於我的母校，哥倫比亞大學的下方
07:52
The tunnels are famous for having been used
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這些隧道是因為被用於
07:55
during the development of the Manhattan Project.
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曼哈頓島的開發案而著名
08:01
This particular tunnel is interesting
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隧道的這個部分很有趣
08:03
because it shows the original foundations of Bloomingdale Insane Asylum,
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因為它顯露出1890年，當哥倫比亞大學遷入此地時
08:07
which was demolished in 1890
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被拆毀的布魯明黛爾精神病院
08:09
when Columbia moved in.
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原本的地基
08:14
This is the New York City Farm Colony,
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這裡是"紐約市農場殖民地"
08:17
which was a poorhouse in Staten Island
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在1890到1930年間
08:20
from the 1890s to the 1930s.
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他原本是史丹島的救濟院
08:26
Most of my photos are set in places
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大部分我的照片的取景地點
08:29
that have been abandoned for decades,
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設定在那些被棄置數十年的場所
08:31
but this is an exception.
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但是此處是一個例外
08:34
This children's hospital was closed in 1997;
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這間兒童醫院關閉於1997年
08:37
it's located in Newark.
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位於紐華克
08:40
When I was there three years ago,
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三年前，當我在那裡的時候
08:43
the windows were broken and the walls were peeling,
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窗戶破了，牆面斑駁
08:45
but everything was left there as it was.
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但是所有的東西卻像當時的情景一樣被遺留了下來
08:47
You see the autopsy table, morgue trays, x-ray machines
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你可以看到手術台,停屍托盤，以及X光機
08:50
and even used utensils,
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甚至還有用過的刀叉
08:52
which you see on the autopsy table.
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就在手術台上
08:56
After exploring recently-abandoned buildings,
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在我造訪過一些不久前被遺棄的大樓
09:00
I felt that everything could fall into ruins very fast:
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我感覺到很多東西可以在很短暫的時間內變成廢墟
09:03
your home, your office, a shopping mall, a church --
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你住的地方，你的辦公室，逛街商場，或是教會
09:07
any man-made structures around you.
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任何在你四週的人造結構
09:11
I was reminded of how fragile our sense of security is
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他們提醒了我，人們的安全感是多麼經不起考驗
09:18
and how vulnerable people truly are.
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而且人們是多麼的脆弱
09:21
I love to travel,
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我喜歡旅行
09:24
and Berlin has become one of my favorite cities.
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柏林是我最喜歡的城市之一
09:27
It's full of history,
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她有著豐富的歷史
09:29
and also full of underground bunkers
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而且擁有許多的地下地堡
09:32
and ruins from the war.
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以及戰爭遺留下來的廢墟
09:34
This was taken under a homeless asylum
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這是攝於一個遊民收容所的下方
09:37
built in 1885 to house 1,100 people.
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建造於1885年，提供1,100人居住空間
09:41
I saw the structure while I was on the train,
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我在坐火車時，我看到了這個構造
09:44
and I got off at the next station and met people there
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接著，我在下一站下車，並且遇到了一些人
09:47
that gave me access to their catacomb-like basement,
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他們讓我進入這些像是地下墓穴的場所
09:50
which was used for ammunition storage during the war
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戰爭時，它被用作軍火庫
09:54
and also, at some point, to hide groups of Jewish refugees.
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並且，在某個時間點，它也被用來藏匿大批的猶太難民
09:59
This is the actual catacombs in Paris.
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這是攝於巴黎的地下墓穴
10:02
I explored there extensively
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我大規模地在禁止進入的區域
10:06
in the off-limits areas
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進行探索
10:08
and fell in love right away.
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而且馬上的愛上了這個地方
10:10
There are more than 185 miles of tunnels,
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這裡有長度超過185英哩的隧道
10:13
and only about a mile is open to the public as a museum.
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只有大約一英哩是作為博物館開放給大眾參觀
10:19
The first tunnels date back to 60 B.C.
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第一座隧道的建造年代可以回朔到西元前60年
10:22
They were consistently dug as limestone quarries
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當時為挖掘石灰石的採石場
10:26
and by the 18th century,
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到了十八世紀的時候
10:29
the caving-in of some of these quarries posed safety threats,
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在這裡挖掘石材構成了人身安全問題
10:32
so the government ordered reinforcing of the existing quarries
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所以政府下令加強現存採石場的結構
10:37
and dug new observation tunnels
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並且挖掘新的觀察用隧道
10:40
in order to monitor and map the whole place.
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用來監控並勘測這整個區域
10:43
As you can see, the system is very complex and vast.
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就如同你看見的，整個系統非常的複雜，包含的範圍非常廣泛
10:46
It's very dangerous to get lost in there.
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在這裡迷路是非常危險的
10:50
And at the same time,
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並且，在同樣的時間點
10:52
there was a problem in the city with overflowing cemeteries.
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這個城市面臨了墓地過剩的問題
10:56
So the bones were moved from the cemeteries into the quarries,
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所以骨骸從墓地被移來了這些採石場
11:01
making them into the catacombs.
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並把這些地方變成地下墓穴
11:06
The remains of over six million people are housed in there,
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超過六百萬人的遺骸被收容在這裡
11:10
some over 1,300 years old.
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有些遺骸已經有超過1300年的歷史
11:13
This was taken under the Montparnasse Cemetery
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這是攝於蒙巴拿斯墓園的下方
11:17
where most of the ossuaries are located.
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是大部分骨罐的所在地
11:21
There are also phone cables that were used in the '50s
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這裡也有五零年代的電話纜線
11:26
and many bunkers from the World War II era.
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還有許多二次世界大戰時期留下來的地堡
11:29
This is a German bunker.
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這是一個德軍的地堡
11:32
Nearby there's a French bunker,
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就在這附近有一個法軍的地堡
11:35
and the whole tunnel system is so complex
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這整個隧道系統非常的複雜
11:38
that the two parties never met.
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而這兩方從不曾交會
11:41
The tunnels are famous for having been used by the Resistance,
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這個隧道因為在抵抗運動時被使用而著名
11:44
which Victor Hugo wrote about in "Les Miserables."
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雨果在悲慘世界中寫到過這件事
11:47
And I saw a lot of graffiti from the 1800s, like this one.
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我也看到了許多完成於1800年間的塗鴉，就像是這個
11:56
After exploring the underground of Paris,
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在我結束巴黎地底下的探索之後
11:59
I decided to climb up,
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我決定向上爬
12:02
and I climbed a Gothic monument
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我爬上了一個哥德式的紀念碑
12:05
that's right in the middle of Paris.
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它就位於巴黎的市中心
12:11
This is the Tower of Saint Jacques.
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這是聖傑克塔
12:15
It was built in the early 1500s.
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建於1500年間
12:20
I don't recommend sitting on a gargoyle in the middle of January, naked.
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我不建議誰一月中旬，裸體地，坐在屋頂滴水器上
12:24
It was not very comfortable. (Laughter)
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並不是很舒服
12:28
And all this time,
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一直以來
12:30
I never saw a single rat in any of these places,
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我從來沒有看見任何老鼠
12:33
until recently, when I was in the London sewers.
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直到最近，當我在倫敦的下水道的時候
12:37
This was probably the toughest place to explore.
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這裡大概是最不容易探索的的一個地方
12:40
I had to wear a gas mask because of the toxic fumes --
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因為這裡的有毒氣體，我必須帶防毒面具
12:43
I guess, except for in this picture.
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大概除了這張照片以外
12:46
And when the tides of waste matter come in
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當大批的廢棄物質進入下水道時
12:49
it sounds as if a whole storm is approaching you.
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聲音聽起來就像是暴風雨正在逼近
12:55
This is a still from a film I worked on recently, called "Blind Door."
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這是一張自我最近正編輯的影片中截取出來的影像，叫做"假門"
12:59
I've become more interested in capturing movement and texture.
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我最近對於捕捉動態和材質越來越感興趣
13:05
And the 16mm black-and-white film gave a different feel to it.
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而16厘米的黑白底片為我的作品添加了一種不同的感受
13:15
And this is the first theater project I worked on.
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這是我的第一個劇場案
13:19
I adapted and produced "A Dream Play" by August Strindberg.
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我改編並製作了史特林堡的"夢幻劇"
13:24
It was performed last September one time only
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於去年九月完成僅此一次的演出
13:27
in the Atlantic Avenue tunnel in Brooklyn,
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於布魯克林區的亞特蘭大大道隧道
13:30
which is considered to be the oldest underground train tunnel in the world,
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它被視為世界上最古老的地下鐵路隧道
13:35
built in 1844.
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建造於1844年
13:38
I've been leaning towards more collaborative projects like these, lately.
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最近我比較傾向投入於像這樣的合作案
13:44
But whenever I get a chance I still work on my series.
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但是只要我有機會，我仍繼續進行我的攝影系列
13:48
The last place I visited
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我最近一次造訪的地方
13:51
was the Mayan ruins of Copan, Honduras.
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是位於宏都拉斯的科潘馬雅遺跡
13:54
This was taken inside an archaeological tunnel in the main temple.
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這是攝於主要寺廟中的考古隧道
13:59
I like doing more than just exploring these spaces.
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我喜歡的不僅止於探索這些地方
14:05
I feel an obligation to animate and humanize these spaces continually
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我感受到一種義務,就是不斷地把這些地方賦予生命及人性
14:11
in order to preserve their memories in a creative way --
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為了是要有創意的保存這些記憶
14:16
before they're lost forever.
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在他們永遠地消失以前
14:19
Thank you.
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謝謝
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Miru Kim - Photographer and explorerMiru Kim is a fearless explorer of abandoned and underground places. Her photography underscores the vulnerable nature of the human explorer in these no-woman's-lands.
Why you should listen
Miru Kim is a photographer and filmmaker with a love of the new and unknown. In her best-known body of work, she investigates left-behind industrial spaces, infiltrates them with her camera, and then photographs herself in the space, nude. Like Wallace Stevens' jar upon a hill, the presence of her small body brings these massive, damp and dirty, unknown spaces into a new focus.
Extending her aesthetic, she has made a film of Strindberg's A Dream Play set in an abandoned tunnel underneath New York City.
Kim also runs a nonprofit called Naked City Arts to promote young local artists in Manhattan.
Miru Kim | Speaker | TED.com