Edsel Salvaña: The dangerous evolution of HIV
إيدسيل سالفانا: التطوّر الخطير لفيروس نقص المناعة المكتسب الإيدز
TED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic. Full bio
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and bluest skies on the planet.
زرقة على سطح الكوكب.
HIV epidemics in the world.
لوباء نقص المناعة المكتسب الإيدز.
as if we are just a late bloomer.
كما لو أننا آخر من يزهر.
for our current epidemic
a global resurgence of HIV.
continue to drop in the world,
حول العالم بالإنخفاض،
and resistant viruses arrive.
الأكثر عدوانية ومقاومة.
into a new and different virus
إلى فيروس جديد ومختلف
we've made in reversing the epidemic,
الذي حققناه في إبطال آثار الوباء،
viral mutations away from disaster.
طفرات فيروسية من كارثة.
in which HIV transforms itself
التي يحوّل بها الإيدز نفسه
among humans of different races
الحمض النووي بين أناس من أعراق مختلفة
is only 0.1 percent.
الفعلي يعادل فقط 0.1 بالمئة.
and rhesus macaques,
وقردة الريسوس مكاك،
between HIV subtypes
بين فرعية الإيدز
between an infecting mother virus
as much as five percent.
giving birth to a chimpanzee,
within its lifetime.
being discovered regularly.
is almost all of one subtype:
ينتمي تقريبا إلى فرعية واحدة:
and do to treat HIV
accounts for 12 percent
of cases of HIV in the world.
genetic difference
to become drug-resistant
of HIV cases in the Philippines
في عدد حالات الإيدز في الفلبين
from the Western subtype B
Southeast Asian subtype AE.
in developed countries,
Canada and the United States.
explosion of cases in these countries.
للحالات في هذه البلدان.
it can come right back.
malaria was on the ropes.
كانت الملاريا على وشك القضاء عليها.
stopped paying attention.
of drug-resistant malaria.
المقاومة للعقاقير.
that we think we've figured out,
and highly unique viruses,
ذات التطور السريع والفريدة النوع،
the next deadly epidemic.
more powerful and new tools
the next deadly HIV strain,
الفتاكة القادمة،
with urgent research
مع البحث الطارىء
of non-B subtypes.
of an AIDS-free generation.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edsel Salvaña - Infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologistTED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic.
Why you should listen
Dr. Edsel Salvaña discovered that the driving force behind a new AIDS epidemic in the Philippines is the entry and spread of a deadlier strain of HIV -- a situation that can easily occur anywhere in the world.
Salvaña is an infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologist and is the director of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology at the National Institutes of Health at the University of the Philippines in Manila. He is using next-generation sequencing and other cutting-edge genetic tools to study HIV viral diversity and superinfection. He is looking at how HIV develops drug resistance to better understand why his country suddenly has the fastest growing HIV epidemic in Asia; and why HIV treatment that works well in developed countries is failing on emerging HIV strains in the Philippines and resource-limited settings. He trains doctors in infectious diseases, and supervises the care of several thousand HIV patients at the Philippine General Hospital. He has been a national force in the formulation of HIV treatment guidelines, campaigning against stigma, and raising awareness.
Salvaña's advocacy work has been featured in Science, and he has been recognized with numerous national and international awards including the "Ten Outstanding Young Persons of the World" from JCI International and the Young Physician Leader Award from the Interacademy Medical Panel of the World Academy of Sciences. He was named a TED Fellow in 2017.
Edsel Salvaña | Speaker | TED.com