Edsel Salvaña: The dangerous evolution of HIV
Edsel Salvaña: A HIV veszélyes evolúciója
TED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
and bluest skies on the planet.
és legkékebb égboltja.
HIV epidemics in the world.
HIV-járványgóca.
as if we are just a late bloomer.
mintha csak későn ért volna ide.
for our current epidemic
a global resurgence of HIV.
árnyát vetíthetik előre.
continue to drop in the world,
világszerte általában egyre csökken,
hogy tartós lesz,
and resistant viruses arrive.
következő hulláma előtör.
into a new and different virus
új és eltérő vírussá alakuljon át,
we've made in reversing the epidemic,
jelentős előrelépés ellenére
viral mutations away from disaster.
vírusmutációra vagyunk a katasztrófától.
in which HIV transforms itself
annak mélyebb megértésére,
among humans of different races
DNS-variánsait vesszük
is only 0.1 percent.
mindössze 0,1 százalék.
and rhesus macaques,
genetikai eltéréseket nézzük,
between HIV subtypes
betegekből vett HIV altípusok
between an infecting mother virus
egy fertőző anyavírus
as much as five percent.
a kimutatások szerint.
giving birth to a chimpanzee,
csimpánznak adna életet,
within its lifetime.
emberszabásút, véletlenszerűen.
being discovered regularly.
találnak új altípusokat is.
is almost all of one subtype:
szinte csak egy altípus van jelen:
and do to treat HIV
és kezeléséről tudunk,
accounts for 12 percent
of cases of HIV in the world.
genetic difference
to become drug-resistant
válnak gyógyszer-rezisztenssé,
of HIV cases in the Philippines
a nyugati B-altípus változása miatt
from the Western subtype B
Southeast Asian subtype AE.
AE-típussá alakult át.
in developed countries,
Canada and the United States.
és az Egyesült Államokban is.
explosion of cases in these countries.
hasonló kiugrást tapasztalhatunk.
végeztünk a HIV-vel,
it can come right back.
malaria was on the ropes.
a malária a végét járta.
stopped paying attention.
of drug-resistant malaria.
halálos malária éledt újjá.
gondoljunk a HIV-re,
that we think we've figured out,
and highly unique viruses,
és rendkívül egyedi vírustörzsként,
the next deadly epidemic.
halálos járványt kirobbantani.
more powerful and new tools
the next deadly HIV strain,
a következő halálos HIV-törzset,
with urgent research
a sürgős kutatás mellett,
of non-B subtypes.
és a megfelelő kezelésre irányul.
of an AIDS-free generation.
életébe fog kerülni.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edsel Salvaña - Infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologistTED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic.
Why you should listen
Dr. Edsel Salvaña discovered that the driving force behind a new AIDS epidemic in the Philippines is the entry and spread of a deadlier strain of HIV -- a situation that can easily occur anywhere in the world.
Salvaña is an infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologist and is the director of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology at the National Institutes of Health at the University of the Philippines in Manila. He is using next-generation sequencing and other cutting-edge genetic tools to study HIV viral diversity and superinfection. He is looking at how HIV develops drug resistance to better understand why his country suddenly has the fastest growing HIV epidemic in Asia; and why HIV treatment that works well in developed countries is failing on emerging HIV strains in the Philippines and resource-limited settings. He trains doctors in infectious diseases, and supervises the care of several thousand HIV patients at the Philippine General Hospital. He has been a national force in the formulation of HIV treatment guidelines, campaigning against stigma, and raising awareness.
Salvaña's advocacy work has been featured in Science, and he has been recognized with numerous national and international awards including the "Ten Outstanding Young Persons of the World" from JCI International and the Young Physician Leader Award from the Interacademy Medical Panel of the World Academy of Sciences. He was named a TED Fellow in 2017.
Edsel Salvaña | Speaker | TED.com